Battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, in particular to a battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure, comprising a new energy energy storage cabinet shell, a liquid cooling circulation assembly, a switching control assembly and a high-pressure gas delivery pipe, which can realize centralized liquid cooling of target battery packs, and the rest of the battery packs are disconnected from the liquid cooling, the liquid cooling flow is centrally supplied, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, the local hot spot temperature can be quickly reduced, the response is fast, and the problems of separate valve control, complicated operation, temperature control delay and influence on battery pack life in the prior art are solved. The high-pressure gas delivery pipe is connected with the shunt gas groove and the reinforced gas groove of the U-shaped mounting bracket through the second gas hose with a one-way valve. In the emergency high-temperature scene, the high-pressure gas pressure exceeds the opening pressure of the one-way valve and enters the shunt gas groove and the reinforced gas groove to blow to the battery pack, forming auxiliary air cooling, temporarily maintaining the temperature of the energy storage cabinet in the safety interval, giving the operator time to rush to the scene, and improving the flexibility and safety of system operation and maintenance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery thermal management, in particular to a battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure, which is especially suitable for the collaborative temperature control scene of multiple battery packs in a new energy storage cabinet. BACKGROUND

[0002] The battery thermal management system is the core component to ensure the safety and economy of battery pack charging, discharging, storage and operation. Through active or passive temperature control technology, it regulates and controls the battery temperature and optimizes the temperature distribution. The core functions include precise temperature control, uniform temperature control and thermal safety protection. In the field of energy storage batteries, if the local hot spots of the battery pack cannot be handled in time, it will easily lead to capacity attenuation, shortened life and increased replacement cost. If it cannot be effectively heated in a low temperature environment, the battery capacity and charging and discharging efficiency will be significantly reduced. Therefore, real-time monitoring and dynamic temperature control means are needed to maintain the battery pack working in the appropriate temperature range.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent with publication number CN104993189B discloses a lithium battery pack liquid cooling thermal management structure, which comprises a temperature closed-loop control circuit composed of a spliced pipe frame, a temperature sensor, a controller and a heating device. It can realize high-temperature heat dissipation and low-temperature heating, and adapt to different numbers of lithium battery monomers through a detachable pipe frame. However, this technical solution has obvious defects in the application scene of multiple battery packs in parallel: to realize synchronous temperature control of multiple battery packs, the liquid cooling module is arranged in parallel, and only a centralized temperature sensing module is arranged at the liquid cooling return water end. When a single or part of the battery packs have temperature abnormalities such as local overheating, the cooling liquid in the parallel branch is still uniformly distributed, and it is difficult to direct the delivery of higher flow of cooling liquid to the battery pack with temperature abnormalities to strengthen heat dissipation, or to individually block or intervene the abnormal battery pack, resulting in insufficient temperature control accuracy, which cannot quickly solve the risk of local thermal runaway and affects the operation safety and efficiency of the entire energy storage system.

[0004] In the prior art, the cooling liquid valve of the parallel battery pack is in the open state. If temperature regulation is required for a certain pipe, the valve of the pipe that does not need to be cooled needs to be closed one by one, while the valve of the pipe to be cooled needs to be kept open. Such an invention concept has been recorded in patent documents such as CN114865849A. Therefore, each pipe needs to be controlled by a separate valve, and the control operation is complex and inefficient, which cannot meet the actual demand for efficient response of battery pack cooling.

[0005] In view of the defects of the above-mentioned prior art, the present application proposes a battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure, which realizes the targeted and batch regulation and control of temperature abnormal battery packs by optimizing the liquid cooling connection structure and adding a response switching component, and improves the emergency support efficiency and maintenance convenience of the system. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defect that parallel branches in the existing multi-battery pack liquid cooling system cannot specifically handle temperature abnormal battery packs, and to provide a battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure, to achieve the following objectives: when a single or multiple battery packs have temperature abnormalities, the liquid cooling flow of the abnormal battery pack is directed to be strengthened, and the liquid cooling supply of the normal battery pack is simultaneously blocked, ensuring that the cooling liquid is preferentially used for temperature control of the abnormal battery pack, concentrating on cutting off operation, quickly responding, optimizing the battery pack liquid cooling operation system, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure, comprising:

[0008] A new energy storage cabinet shell is provided with at least two battery packs, and each battery pack is provided with a liquid cooling mounting seat for realizing liquid cooling temperature control;

[0009] A liquid cooling circulation assembly comprises a water supply pipe, a water return pipe and a delivery main pipe corresponding to each battery pack, and the two ends of the delivery main pipe are respectively connected with the water supply pipe, the water return pipe and the liquid cooling mounting seat to deliver cooling liquid to each battery pack;

[0010] A switching control assembly comprises a switching bypass pipe and a switching plugging pipe corresponding to each delivery main pipe, the switching bypass pipe is connected in parallel with the delivery main pipe and is provided with an electric control ball valve, and the switching plugging pipe is provided with a plugging piston for controlling the on-off of the delivery main pipe;

[0011] A high-pressure gas delivery pipe is connected with all the switching plugging pipes and can synchronously drive all the plugging pistons to act, so as to realize the synchronous on-off of all the delivery main pipes, cooperate with the opening of the electric control ball valve of a single switching bypass pipe, and complete the specific liquid cooling regulation and control of the corresponding battery pack.

[0012] As a preferred, the liquid cooling circulation assembly further comprises a temperature module provided on the delivery main pipe connected with the water return joint, and the temperature module is connected with the electric control ball valve corresponding to the switching bypass pipe through a control system, and the control system controls the on-off of the electric control ball valve according to the monitored cooling liquid temperature of the target battery pack.

[0013] As a preferred, the switching plugging pipe is a containing member connected with the delivery main pipe, and the plugging piston is movably arranged in the switching plugging pipe; the high-pressure gas delivery pipe is connected with the switching plugging pipe and can deliver high-pressure gas into the switching plugging pipe to drive the plugging piston to move, so as to plug or conduct the delivery main pipe.

[0014] As preferred, the switching and blocking pipe is provided with a first piston groove and a second piston groove distributed vertically, the first piston groove is in cross communication with the conveying main pipe, and a prismatic guide groove is arranged between the first piston groove and the second piston groove; the blocking piston is arranged in the first piston groove, a pressing piston is arranged in the second piston groove, and the blocking piston and the pressing piston are connected through a prismatic guide rod penetrating through the prismatic guide groove, and a section of the prismatic guide rod in the second piston groove is sleeved with a reset spring for resetting the pressing piston.

[0015] As preferred, a through groove coaxial with the conveying main pipe is arranged on the blocking piston, a filter plate is arranged in the through groove, and the diameter of the filter plate is greater than the inner diameter of the conveying main pipe; when the blocking piston is located at the top end of the first piston groove, the through groove is in communication with the conveying main pipe; when the blocking piston moves to the bottom end of the first piston groove, the blocking piston blocks the conveying main pipe.

[0016] As preferred, a blocking cover is arranged at the lower end of the switching and blocking pipe through threaded sleeve connection, the blocking cover is in communication with the first piston groove, and the end of the blocking piston abuts against the inner wall of the blocking cover when the blocking piston moves to the bottom end of the first piston groove.

[0017] As preferred, a lap joint mounting assembly for mounting the battery pack is arranged in the new energy storage cabinet shell, the lap joint mounting assembly comprises a U-shaped mounting bracket fixed to the inner wall of the new energy storage cabinet shell, a mounting sliding groove for horizontally inserting a liquid cooling mounting seat of the battery pack is arranged on the U-shaped mounting bracket, and a restraint block and a mounting spring for limiting the liquid cooling mounting seat are arranged on the inner wall of the mounting sliding groove.

[0018] As preferred, an expansion groove is arranged at the front section of the left and right sides of the mounting sliding groove, the restraint block is slidingly arranged in the expansion groove, the mounting spring connects the restraint block and the inner wall of the expansion groove, the lap joint mounting assembly further comprises a release pull rod penetrating through the U-shaped mounting bracket and connected with the restraint block; the side of the restraint block away from the mounting spring abuts against the side wall of the liquid cooling mounting seat, and the side of the restraint block away from the liquid cooling mounting seat is an inclined surface.

[0019] As preferred, the conveying main pipe is connected with a water supply connector and a water return connector of the liquid cooling mounting seat through a water passing hose, and the water passing hose is sealingly inserted into the conveying main pipe, the water supply connector and the water return connector.

[0020] As preferred, the application further comprises an emergency heat dissipation assembly, which comprises a shunt air groove arranged in the U-shaped mounting frame, an inclined heat dissipation window arranged in the side wall of the battery pack cover shell of the battery pack, and a reinforced air groove arranged on the U-shaped mounting frame and communicating the shunt air groove and the inclined heat dissipation window.

[0021] The shunt air groove is communicated with the high-pressure gas conveying pipe through a second air hose provided with a one-way valve, and the high-pressure gas conveying pipe is further communicated with the upper end of the second piston groove through a first air hose, so as to convey high-pressure gas to the shunt air groove, and blow the high-pressure gas to the inclined heat dissipation window through the reinforced air groove to realize emergency air cooling.

[0022] The application has the following technical effects:

[0023] 1. The high-pressure gas conveying pipe of the application is communicated with all switching sealing pipes, i.e. main path on-off carriers, and each liquid cooling main path conveying main pipe is connected in parallel with a bypass pipe and provided with an electric control ball valve. The sealing pistons in all switching sealing pipes are synchronously driven to control the on-off of the conveying main pipe, and the single-path bypass electric control ball valve is opened, so that the remaining battery pack liquid cooling is stopped, the target battery pack is concentratedly liquid cooled, the response is fast, the problems of separate control valve for each path, complicated operation and temperature control delay in the prior art are solved, and the battery pack life is affected. Moreover, after all the conveying main pipes are synchronously turned off, the cooling liquid of the water supply pipe only flows to the target battery pack through the opened bypass branch, the liquid cooling flow is concentratedly supplied, the heat exchange efficiency is greatly improved, and the local hot spot temperature can be quickly reduced.

[0024] 2. The high-pressure gas conveying pipe of the application is communicated with the shunt air groove and the reinforced air groove of the U-shaped mounting frame through the second air hose provided with a one-way valve. In an emergency high-temperature scene, the high-pressure gas pressure exceeds the opening pressure of the one-way valve and enters the shunt air groove and the reinforced air groove to blow to the battery pack, forming auxiliary air cooling, which can take away the heat dissipation amount of the surface of the battery pack, and at the same time, the environmental temperature in the whole new energy storage cabinet shell is reduced, so as to avoid the spread of the risk of thermal runaway. The emergency air cooling temporarily maintains the temperature of the storage cabinet in a safe range, and the operator does not need to rush to the scene in an emergency, solves the limitation that the existing system must be immediately shut down for processing under high temperature, and improves the flexibility and safety of system operation and maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the battery pack mounting structure of the application;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the A part of the application; Figure 1

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the B part of the application; Figure 1

[0028] ​​Figure 4 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 4 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0030] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 6 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0031] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 7 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 6 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0032] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 8 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 7 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0033] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 9 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0034] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 10 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0035] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 11 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 10 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application;

[0036] Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application; Figure 12 Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application. Connection diagram of U-shaped mounting frame and battery pack of the present application.

[0037] DETAILED DESCRIPTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme of the present application, and the advantages are more clear and obvious, the following will be further described in detail with the help of the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present application, and are not used to limit the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-12 , the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0040] A battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure mainly includes new energy storage cabinet shell, liquid cooling circulation assembly and switching control assembly. The specific structure and connection relationship of each component are described below.

[0041] First, introduce the new energy storage cabinet shell and battery pack mounting structure.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 12 , the new energy storage cabinet shell 1 is a closed cabinet structure, and multiple battery packs are arranged horizontally and layered inside by lap joint mounting assembly. Each battery pack corresponds to a set of lap joint mounting assembly. The number of battery packs is not limited in this application, and each battery pack is preferably vertically distributed by layer.

[0043] The battery pack includes a battery pack cover shell 2 and a liquid cooling mounting seat 3. The liquid cooling mounting seat 3 is fixed to the lower end of the battery pack cover shell 2, and its cross-sectional area is larger than that of the battery pack cover shell 2. A serpentine liquid cooling channel (not shown) is provided inside for accommodating cooling liquid and exchanging heat with the battery pack cover shell 2.

[0044] For high-power battery packs, such as some battery packs with working current ≥100A, the serpentine flow channel of the liquid cooling mounting seat can be changed to a double helix structure to increase the heat exchange area, and at the same time, the diameter of the delivery main pipe is increased to Φ20mm to improve the cooling liquid flow.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 2-5 , Figure 10 and Figure 11The overlap installation assembly includes a U-shaped installation frame 11 and two constraint blocks 14. The U-shaped installation frame 11 is fixed to the inner wall of the new energy storage cabinet shell 1, and the layer spacing of the U-shaped installation frame 11 is set according to the height of the battery pack. For example, when the height of the battery pack is 200 mm, the layer spacing is 250 mm, and an air flow space is reserved. An installation sliding groove 12 adapted to the liquid cooling installation seat 3 is formed in the inner side of the U-shaped installation frame 11, and the three sides and the rear end of the liquid cooling installation seat 3 are horizontally inserted into the installation sliding groove 12, so that the battery pack is quickly positioned. In a specific embodiment, the width of the installation sliding groove 12 is about 2 mm larger than that of the liquid cooling installation seat 3, and the depth is 50 mm, so that the liquid cooling installation seat can be smoothly inserted and pulled out.

[0046] The front section of the inner wall of the installation sliding groove 12 on the left and right sides is provided with an expansion slot 13, and two constraint blocks 14 are respectively inserted into the two expansion slots 13. One side of the constraint block 14 away from the liquid cooling installation seat 3 is an inclined surface, which is convenient for automatic extrusion and contraction when the liquid cooling installation seat is inserted, and the side close to the liquid cooling installation seat 3 abuts against the side wall of the liquid cooling installation seat 3. A 1 mm thick rubber pad is arranged on the side of the constraint block 14 close to the liquid cooling installation seat, so as to increase the friction between the constraint block and the liquid cooling installation seat. The other side of the constraint block 14 is provided with a release pull rod 15, the release pull rod 15 extends to the outside through the side wall of the U-shaped installation frame 11, and a mounting spring 16 is arranged at the position of the release pull rod 15 in the expansion slot 13. The mounting spring 16 is a tensile spring, which ensures the clamping force of the constraint block on the liquid cooling installation seat. The two ends of the mounting spring 16 are respectively fixed to the constraint block 14 and the inner wall of the expansion slot 13, so as to ensure that the constraint block 14 always limits the liquid cooling installation seat 3 through the spring force. The constraint can be released by pulling the release pull rod 15, so that the battery pack can be quickly disassembled.

[0047] The specific structure of the liquid cooling connection assembly will be introduced below.

[0048] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The liquid cooling connection assembly is used to realize the circulation of the cooling liquid between the battery packs and the main pipeline, and mainly includes a water supply connector 4, a water return connector 5, a water supply pipe 6, a water return pipe 7, an adapter 8, and a liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9.

[0049] The water supply pipe 6 and the water return pipe 7 are both vertically fixed to the inside of the new energy storage cabinet shell 1 on both sides, the water supply pipe 6 is used to transport low-temperature cooling liquid, and the water return pipe 7 is used to recycle high-temperature cooling liquid after heat absorption.

[0050] The water supply connector 4 and the water return connector 5 are both fixed to the upper end of the liquid cooling installation seat 3 close to the outside of the new energy storage cabinet shell 1, and are respectively communicated with the liquid cooling flow channels at both ends in the liquid cooling installation seat 3.

[0051] The water delivery pipe 6 and the water return pipe 7 are provided with an adapter 8 corresponding to the side close to each battery pack, one end of the adapter 8 is communicated with the water delivery pipe 6 and the water return pipe 7, and the other end is connected with a liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9; one end of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9 far away from the adapter 8 is sealed and inserted with the water delivery joint 4 and the water return joint 5 through a liquid cooling water delivery hose 17, so that the flexible delivery of the cooling liquid is realized, and the installation and dismounting of the battery pack are adapted.

[0052] All the pipeline connections in the application are sealed and leakage-proof.

[0053] The specific structure of the response switching assembly will be introduced below.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 6-8 The response switching assembly is integrated on the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9 close to the water delivery joint 4, and is used for switching the cooling liquid delivery path when the temperature of the battery pack is abnormal, and includes a bypass pipe 10, a switching plugging pipe 20 and a plugging piston 23.

[0055] The two ends of the bypass pipe 10 are communicated with the two sides of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, so as to form a bypass branch; the reliable connection of the two ends of the bypass pipe 10 with the delivery main pipe ensures that there is no leakage under high pressure when the pressure test is performed. An electric control ball valve 19 is arranged in the middle of the bypass pipe 10 in series, and is used for controlling the on-off of the bypass branch. The voltage of the electric control ball valve 19 is preferably DC 24V, and the response time is less than or equal to 0.3 seconds, and the electric control ball valve 19 is connected with the control system through a relay.

[0056] A temperature module 18 is installed in the middle of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9 communicated with the water return joint 5. In one specific embodiment, the temperature module 18 adopts a PT100 platinum resistance sensor, the measurement range is-50℃ to 150℃, and the accuracy is ±0.1℃. The temperature module 18 is installed on the delivery main pipe close to the water return joint 5cm, the sensor probe can be inserted into the pipe by 3mm, so as to ensure the contact with the cooling liquid, and the temperature module 18 communicates with the control system through an RS485 bus (not shown in the figure). The control system can monitor the water return flow temperature in real time and trigger the electric control ball valve 19 to act.

[0057] The switching plugging pipe 20 is vertically fixed in the middle of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, and a first piston groove 21 and a second piston groove 22 are arranged in the switching plugging pipe 20 in series. The first piston groove 21 is located below and is communicated with the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9 in a cross shape, and the second piston groove 22 is located above and has an inner diameter greater than that of the first piston groove 21; the first piston groove 21 and the second piston groove 22 are communicated by a prismatic guide groove, and are used for guiding the plugging piston 23.

[0058] The plugging piston 23 is vertically and slidably arranged in the first piston groove 21, and at least two U-shaped sealing rings are arranged on the outer wall of the plugging piston 23, and the diameter of the plugging piston 23 is preferably greater than the inner diameter of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, so as to completely plug the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9. Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the middle part of the blocking piston 23 is horizontally provided with a through groove 25, and a filter plate 26 is connected in the through groove 25. The filter plate 26 is made of 316L stainless steel sintered mesh, and is provided with an O-ring seal at the edge to prevent impurities from flowing around. The diameter of the filter plate 26 is greater than the inner diameter of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, and is used to filter impurities in the cooling liquid. When the blocking piston 23 is located at the uppermost end of the first piston groove 21, the through groove 25 is coaxial with the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, and the cooling liquid can flow into the liquid cooling mounting seat 3 through the through groove 25 and the filter plate 26; when the blocking piston 23 is lowered to the maximum stroke, the lower end abuts against the inner bottom wall of the blocking cover 24, and the upper end surface blocks the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9 to cut off the main delivery.

[0059] The lower end of the switching blocking pipe 20 is provided with a blocking cover 24 through a threaded sleeve, the blocking cover 24 is communicated with the first piston groove 21, and is used to seal the lower end of the first piston groove 21 and limit the downward stroke of the blocking piston 23. The blocking cover 24 is provided with a nitrile rubber pad inside, which is used to seal the first piston groove.

[0060] As shown in the drawings, Figure 8 The second piston groove 22 is slidably provided with a pressing piston 27. As known, the blocking piston 23 is provided with a sealing ring and closely fits the second piston groove 22, which is used to seal the high-pressure gas above. A prismatic guide rod 28 which is adapted to the prismatic guide groove is vertically fixed between the lower end surface of the pressing piston 27 and the upper end surface of the blocking piston 23, and the prismatic guide rod 28 slidably penetrates the prismatic guide groove, which can prevent the blocking piston 23 from rotating and ensure that the filter plate 26 is opposite to the delivery main pipe 9. The part of the prismatic guide rod 28 located in the second piston groove 22 is sleeved with a return spring 29, and the two ends of the return spring 29 are respectively fixed with the lower end surface of the pressing piston 27 and the inner bottom wall of the second piston groove 22, which is used to reset the pressing piston 27 and the blocking piston 23. The shape of the prismatic guide rod 28 and the prismatic guide groove is not limited in the present application, as long as the anti-rotation function can be realized.

[0061] The present application also includes an emergency heat dissipation assembly, which provides auxiliary air cooling when the temperature of the battery pack is abnormal, is used to assist the liquid cooling assembly in heat dissipation of the high-temperature battery pack, and performs emergency heat dissipation treatment on the battery pack which temporarily cuts off the liquid cooling function. The specific structure of the emergency heat dissipation assembly will be introduced below.

[0062] The emergency heat dissipation assembly includes a high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30, a shunt gas groove 32 and a reinforced gas groove 33.

[0063] The high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30 is fixed inside the new energy storage cabinet shell 1, one end of which is connected with a high-pressure gas source (not shown), and the other end is communicated with the upper end of the second piston groove 22 of each switching blocking pipe 20 through a first gas hose 31, which is used to deliver high-pressure gas into the second piston groove 22 to push the pressing piston 27 downward.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figures 10-11The U-shaped mounting frame 11 is internally provided with a shunt air groove 32, the shunt air groove 32 is communicated with the high-pressure gas conveying pipe 30 through a second air hose 35, a one-way valve 34 is arranged in series on the second air hose 35, the one-way valve 34 only allows high-pressure gas to flow from the high-pressure gas conveying pipe 30 to the shunt air groove 32, and the opening pressure of the selected one-way valve 34 is large enough to ensure that the high-pressure gas can simultaneously press the sealing piston 23 to the position and open the one-way valve, so that the situation that the one-way valve is only opened but the sealing piston cannot be pressed down occurs. During the channel throttling process, the gas changes from high pressure to low pressure, and under the combined action of the positive Joule-Thomson effect and adiabatic expansion, the gas temperature drops, thereby cooling the battery pack and the surrounding environment.

[0065] The two side walls of the battery pack cover shell 2 are both inclined downward and provided with a plurality of inclined heat dissipation windows 36 for discharging hot air in the shell; the upper and lower side walls of the U-shaped mounting frame 11 close to the inclined heat dissipation windows 36 are both provided with a plurality of reinforced air grooves 33, each reinforced air groove 33 is communicated with the shunt air groove 32 and inclined to the inclined heat dissipation window 36, so as to ensure that the airflow can directly blow into the inside of the battery pack cover shell 2, thereby achieving auxiliary heat dissipation and cooling.

[0066] The application adopts a PLC controller, such as a Siemens S7-1200, or an embedded MCU, such as an STM32F407, which has analog quantity acquisition, digital quantity output, can control electric control ball valves, air compressors and other actuators, can select 4G / 5G module communication function for remote alarm. The threshold value setting of the application is adapted according to the battery type, for example, the normal threshold value of the iron phosphate lithium battery is set to 25-40℃, the abnormal threshold value is set to 40-55℃, the emergency threshold value is greater than or equal to 55℃, the normal threshold value of the ternary lithium battery is set to 20-35℃, the abnormal threshold value is set to 35-50℃, and the emergency threshold value is greater than or equal to 50℃. Of course, the above is only an exemplary description, which does not limit the application.

[0067] The working process of each component of the application is described below, which is divided into three stages: normal working state, temperature abnormal response state and emergency heat dissipation state.

[0068] When the system is in a normal working state:

[0069] The battery pack is stably installed by lap joint installation components. The constraint block 14 is in abutment with the side wall of the liquid cooling mounting seat 3 under the elastic force of the installation spring 16, so as to realize limiting; if the battery pack needs to be disassembled, the constraint block 14 is retracted to avoid the battery pack in the telescopic groove 13 by pulling the release rod 15 outward, so that the battery pack can be horizontally pulled out, which is convenient to operate.

[0070] When the temperature of each battery pack in the new energy storage cabinet is in the normal interval, for example, 25-40℃, the system is in normal cooling mode: the temperature module 18 monitors the normal temperature of the return water flow, the electric control ball valve 19 remains closed, and the bypass branch of the bypass pipe 10 is disconnected; the high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30 has no high-pressure gas output, and the reset spring 29 pushes the lower piston 27 upward by its own elastic force, driving the prismatic guide rod 28 and the blocking piston 23 to rise synchronously to the uppermost end of the first piston groove 21, at which time the blocking piston 23 passes through the groove 25 coaxially with the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9.

[0071] The low-temperature cooling liquid in the water delivery pipe 6 flows into the liquid cooling flow channel of the liquid cooling mounting seat 3 through the adapter 8, the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, the through groove 25, the filter plate 26, the liquid cooling water hose 17, and the water delivery connector 4, and exchanges heat with the battery pack in the battery pack cover 2; the high-temperature cooling liquid after heat absorption is discharged through the return water connector 5, the liquid cooling water hose 17, the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, and the return water pipe 7, completing the circulation.

[0072] The filter plate 26 filters impurities in the cooling liquid to prevent impurities from blocking the liquid cooling flow channel and prolong the maintenance cycle of the liquid cooling system.

[0073] When the system is in a temperature abnormal response state:

[0074] When the temperature module 18 of a certain battery pack monitors that the return water flow temperature exceeds the preset threshold, such as 45℃, the system triggers a temperature abnormal response. The temperature module 18 sends a temperature abnormality electrical signal to the control system, and the control system controls the corresponding electric control ball valve 19 to open, and the bypass branch of the bypass pipe 10 is conducted; at the same time, the control system sends a signal to the high-pressure gas source to start the high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30 to deliver high-pressure gas.

[0075] The high-pressure gas synchronously enters all the second piston grooves 22 of the switching blocking pipes 20 through the first gas hose 31, pushes all the lower pistons 27 downward against the elastic force of the reset spring 29, and drives the prismatic guide rod 28 and the blocking piston 23 to descend synchronously.

[0076] When the blocking piston 23 descends to the maximum stroke, its lower end abuts against the inner bottom wall of the blocking cover 24, and the upper end face completely blocks the main path of the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9; at this time, the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9 of the remaining battery packs except the temperature abnormal battery pack is synchronously blocked, and the cooling liquid cannot be delivered through the main path.

[0077] Because the electric control ball valve 19 has been opened, the low-temperature cooling liquid in the water delivery pipe 6 can only pass through the temperature abnormal battery pack corresponding bypass pipe 10, through the liquid cooling water delivery hose 17 and the water delivery connector 4 to flow into the liquid cooling installation seat 3 of the battery pack; Because the liquid cooling branch of the remaining battery packs is blocked, the cooling liquid flow is concentrated to supply the temperature abnormal battery pack. Taking five battery packs in parallel as an example, the cooling liquid flow is concentrated to supply the target battery pack, the instantaneous flow is quickly increased, the cooling liquid flow rate in the flow channel is increased from 0.5 m / s to 2.2 m / s, the heat exchange efficiency is increased by about 3 times, and the battery pack temperature is quickly reduced.

[0078] Because only the electric control ball valve of the target battery pack bypass pipe is opened, and all the blocking pistons are synchronously driven by high-pressure gas to block the corresponding delivery main pipe, it is not necessary to operate the main valve of each battery pack one by one, and only two steps of opening bypass and concentrating cutting off the cooling main of each battery pack can realize the liquid cooling of the remaining battery packs and the concentrated liquid cooling of the target battery pack, the response time is shortened by more than 50%.

[0079] The backwater of the temperature abnormal battery pack flows through the temperature module 18, when the temperature module 18 monitors that the temperature drops below the normal threshold, the control system immediately controls the electric control ball valve 19 to be closed, and simultaneously stops the high-pressure gas delivery; The reset spring 29 pushes the lower piston 27 and the blocking piston 23 to reset, and through the groove 25 coaxial with the liquid cooling delivery main pipe 9, the system returns to the normal working mode.

[0080] When the system is in an emergency heat dissipation state:

[0081] When the temperature module 18 monitors that the backwater flow temperature exceeds the emergency threshold, such as 55℃, the control system increases the gas pressure, the gas pressure in the high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30 exceeds the opening pressure of the one-way valve 34, and the system triggers the emergency heat dissipation mode.

[0082] The high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30 breaks through the resistance of the one-way valve 34, flows into the shunt gas groove 32 of the U-shaped mounting frame 11 through the second gas hose 35. The high-pressure gas in the shunt gas groove 32 is directed to the inclined heat dissipation window 36 of the battery pack cover 2 through each reinforced gas groove 33, and enters the inside of the battery pack cover 2 to assist the air cooling of the battery pack; The high-pressure gas is throttled and expanded and the Joule-Thomson effect, the temperature is reduced to about 18℃, after blowing into the inside of the battery pack cover, it directly contacts the surface of the battery, and can take away about 20W of heat. At the same time, the airflow forms a convection in the new energy storage cabinet shell, reducing the cabinet environment temperature from 45℃ to 32℃, avoiding the influence of high temperature on other battery packs.

[0083] Therefore, the target battery pack is rapidly cooled by the concentrated liquid cooling, and the air cooling delivers high-pressure airflow to the inside of the battery pack cover and the energy storage cabinet, which can carry away about 15% to 25% of the heat dissipation of the battery pack surface, assist the target battery pack in heat dissipation, and reduce the ambient temperature in the entire new energy storage cabinet shell to avoid the spread of thermal runaway risk.

[0084] At the same time, the emergency cooling mechanism and the liquid cooling reinforcement mechanism operate synchronously, which can reduce the temperature of the abnormal battery pack through the concentrated liquid cooling flow, control the ambient temperature of the entire energy storage cabinet through the auxiliary air cooling, and reserve sufficient time for the operator to handle the fault, such as 15 to 30 minutes, to avoid the spread of thermal runaway risk.

[0085] When the battery pack temperature drops to the safe interval, the high-pressure gas delivery stops, the one-way valve 34 is closed, and the emergency cooling mechanism stops operating.

[0086] When the filter plate 26 needs to be replaced, the operator can perform the following steps:

[0087] Start the high-pressure gas delivery pipe 30 to deliver high-pressure gas to the target battery pack corresponding to the switching and blocking pipe 20, and push the blocking piston 23 to descend to the maximum stroke;

[0088] Remove the blocking cover 24 at the lower end of the switching and blocking pipe 20 to expose the lower end of the blocking piston 23;

[0089] Remove the old filter plate 26 from the slot 25, replace the new filter plate, and then tighten the blocking cover 24 again;

[0090] Stop the high-pressure gas delivery, and the blocking piston 23 is reset under the action of the reset spring 29 to complete the maintenance.

[0091] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a new energy storage cabinet shell (1) is equipped with at least two battery packs in, each battery pack is equipped with liquid cooling mounting seat (3) for realizing liquid cooling temperature control, Liquid cooling circulating assembly includes water supply pipe (6), backwater pipe (7) and the transport main pipe (9) set up for each battery pack, the both ends of transport main pipe (9) are communicated water supply pipe (6), backwater pipe (7) with liquid cooling mounting seat (3) respectively, to each battery pack is transported cooling liquid, Switching control assembly includes the switching plugging pipe (20) and the switching bypass pipe (10) set up for each transport main pipe (9), switching bypass pipe (10) is parallel to transport main pipe (9) and is equipped with electric control ball valve (19), switching plugging pipe (20) is equipped with plugging piston (23) for controlling the on-off of transport main pipe (9), High pressure gas delivery pipe (30) is connected with all switching plugging pipe (20), can synchronously drive all plugging pistons (23) action, realizes the synchronous on-off of all transport main pipes (9), opens the electric control ball valve (19) of single switching bypass pipe (10), completes the targeted liquid cooling control of corresponding battery pack. The liquid cooling circulating assembly further includes a temperature module (18) disposed on the transport main pipe (9) that communicates with the backwater joint (5), the temperature module (18) is communicatively connected with the electric control ball valve (19) of the corresponding switching bypass pipe (10) through a control system, and the control system controls the on-off of the electric control ball valve (19) according to the monitored cooling liquid temperature of the target battery pack.

2. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 1, wherein: The switching plugging pipe (20) is a containing member in communication with the transport main pipe (9), and the plugging piston (23) is movably disposed in the switching plugging pipe (20); the high pressure gas delivery pipe (30) is in communication with the switching plugging pipe (20) and can deliver high pressure gas into the switching plugging pipe (20) to drive the plugging piston (23) to move, so as to block or conduct the transport main pipe (9).

3. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 2, wherein: The switching plugging pipe (20) is provided with a first piston groove (21) and a second piston groove (22) distributed upward and downward, the first piston groove (21) is in cross communication with the transport main pipe (9), and a prismatic guide groove is formed between the first piston groove (21) and the second piston groove (22); the plugging piston (23) is disposed in the first piston groove (21), the second piston groove (22) is provided with a pressing piston (27), the pressing piston (27) and the plugging piston (23) are connected through a prismatic guide rod (28) penetrating the prismatic guide groove, and a reset spring (29) for resetting the pressing piston (27) is sleeved on the segment of the prismatic guide rod (28) in the second piston groove (22).

4. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 3, wherein: ​ 5. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 4, wherein: The through slot (25) is provided with a filter plate (26), and the diameter of the filter plate (26) is greater than the inner diameter of the conveying main pipe (9); when the blocking piston (23) is located at the top end of the first piston slot (21), the through slot (25) is in communication with the conveying main pipe (9); when the blocking piston (23) moves to the bottom end of the first piston slot (21), the blocking piston (23) blocks the conveying main pipe (9).

6. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 4, wherein: The lower end of the switching blocking pipe (20) is provided with a blocking cover (24) sleeved by threads, the blocking cover (24) is in communication with the first piston slot (21), and the end of the blocking piston (23) abuts against the inner wall of the blocking cover (24) when the blocking piston (23) moves to the bottom end of the first piston slot (21).

7. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that: The new energy storage cabinet shell (1) is provided with a lap joint mounting assembly for mounting the battery pack, the lap joint mounting assembly comprises a U-shaped mounting frame (11) fixed to the inner wall of the new energy storage cabinet shell (1), the U-shaped mounting frame (11) is provided with a mounting sliding groove (12) for horizontally inserting the liquid cooling mounting seat (3) of the battery pack, and the inner wall of the mounting sliding groove (12) is provided with a restraint block (14) and a mounting spring (16) for limiting the liquid cooling mounting seat (3). 8.The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 7, wherein: The front section of the left and right sides of the mounting sliding groove (12) is provided with an expansion slot (13), the restraint block (14) is slidably arranged in the expansion slot (13), the mounting spring (16) is connected between the restraint block (14) and the inner wall of the expansion slot (13), the lap joint mounting assembly further comprises a release pull rod (15) penetrating through the U-shaped mounting frame (11) and connected with the restraint block (14); one side of the restraint block (14) away from the mounting spring (16) abuts against the side wall of the liquid cooling mounting seat (3), and the side of the restraint block (14) away from the liquid cooling mounting seat (3) is an inclined surface. 9.The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 1, wherein: The conveying main pipe (9) is connected with the water inlet connector (4) and the water outlet connector (5) of the liquid cooling mounting seat (3) through a water passing hose (17), and the water passing hose (17) is sealingly inserted into the conveying main pipe (9), the water inlet connector (4) and the water outlet connector (5).

10. The battery thermal management system with precise temperature control structure of claim 7, wherein: Further comprising an emergency heat dissipation assembly, the emergency heat dissipation assembly comprises a shunt air groove (32) arranged in the U-shaped mounting frame (11), an inclined heat dissipation window (36) provided in the side wall of a battery pack cover (2) of the battery pack, and a reinforced air groove (33) arranged on the U-shaped mounting frame (11) and communicating the shunt air groove (32) and the inclined heat dissipation window (36); The shunt gas groove (32) is communicated with the high-pressure gas conveying pipe (30) through the second gas hose (35) provided with a one-way valve (34), and the high-pressure gas conveying pipe (30) is also communicated with the upper end of the second piston groove (22) through the first gas hose (31), so that the high-pressure gas can be conveyed to the shunt gas groove (32) and blown to the inclined heat dissipation window (36) through the reinforced gas groove (33) to realize emergency air cooling.

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