Low-profile broadband wide-beam dual circularly polarized antenna based on feed half-mode resonance

Abstract

The invention provides a low-profile broadband wide-beam dual circularly polarized antenna based on feed half-mode resonance. The antenna adopts a cross-shaped patch as a radiation patch; the vertical current on the L-shaped metal block and the mushroom-shaped structure improves the beam width of the antenna; the coupling feed probe structure is innovatively improved and a mushroom-shaped structure is loaded, so that the impedance matching of the antenna is improved; and finally, a half-mode patch is loaded on the back surface of the antenna, and an additional resonance point is introduced, so that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is further optimized. Finally, the antenna realizes width and wide beam characteristics under a low profile condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of wireless communication and relates to a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, satellite communication technology has been developing rapidly. Circularly polarized antennas can provide a stable link between the transmitting and receiving antennas, and have the ability to improve multipath distortion and polarization mismatch, and are widely used in the field of satellite communication. To ensure that mobile terminals can maintain a good signal connection under various usage postures, the antenna needs to have a wide beamwidth; at the same time, the antenna should minimize its impact on the shape of the device itself. Therefore, low-profile, wide-bandwidth, and wide-beam circularly polarized antennas have always been a research focus. The patent "A Wide-Bandwidth Beam Low-Profile Circularly Polarized Antenna" (CN112968272 A) discloses that by loading bent coupling patches around the main radiating patch, a 71% impedance bandwidth is achieved at a profile height of 0.059λ, and the half-power beamwidth at the center frequency reaches 112.4°. However, this antenna has a complex structure and is difficult to manufacture. The patent "A Circularly Polarized Ultra-Wide Beam Antenna" (CN 116315684 A) discloses that a half-power beamwidth of 180° is achieved by using eight groups of Γ-shaped antennas distributed on the four sides of a square. However, this antenna has a high profile, which limits its application scenarios. Therefore, designing an antenna with low profile, wide beamwidth, and wide beam characteristics is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of antenna technology, and it has great practical significance and application demand. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a low-profile, wide-bandwidth, dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonant antenna, which has the characteristics of low profile, wide bandwidth, wide beam, circular polarization, and patch antenna.

[0004] To achieve the above design objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] This invention discloses a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator, comprising:

[0006] An antenna radiating assembly includes a radiating patch, multiple parasitic patches, multiple coupling probes, and an upper dielectric substrate. The parasitic patches and coupling probes are arranged around the radiating patch. The radiating patch, parasitic patches, and coupling probes are all disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate.

[0007] An antenna half-mode patch layer assembly includes a ground plane, a lower dielectric substrate, and multiple combined ground half-mode patches. Multiple slots are etched on the ground plane. The multiple combined ground half-mode patches are disposed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate.

[0008] An air layer is provided between the antenna radiating component and the antenna half-mode patch layer component, and multiple L-shaped metal blocks are provided. The top of the L-shaped metal blocks is connected to the upper dielectric plate through a slot on the upper dielectric plate, and the bottom of the L-shaped metal blocks is connected to the ground.

[0009] Radiation patches act as radiation sources, coupling multiple parasitic patches to achieve a greater impedance bandwidth.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned antenna, the radiating patch has a cross structure; the parasitic patch has a rectangular structure; the four parasitic patches are located at the four missing corners of the cross structure; and the four L-shaped metal blocks are located at the four missing corners of the cross structure and are close to the edge of the radiating patch.

[0011] Furthermore, the antenna further includes a first metal post, a second metal post, a third metal post, and a fourth metal post; wherein the radiating patch is connected to the ground plane through multiple first metal posts; the parasitic patch is connected to the ground plane through multiple second metal posts; the coupling probe is connected to the ground plane through multiple third metal posts; the combined ground half-mode patch is connected to the coupling probe through multiple fourth metal posts; and the ground plane has openings at the corresponding positions of the fourth metal posts.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned antenna, each of the four combined ground half-mode patches is rotated 90° relative to the adjacent combined ground half-mode patches and evenly distributed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate. The combined ground half-mode patch is composed of two microstrip lines, half-mode patches, and open-circuit stubs. The port below the connection between the combined ground half-mode patch and the metal post is an SMA RF connector, with an inner conductor inside and an outer conductor on the surface. The inner conductor is connected to the microstrip line, and the outer conductor is connected to the ground plane.

[0013] Furthermore, in the aforementioned antenna, four sets of rectangular slots, rotated 90° and placed in two positions, are etched on the ground plane; the slots are used to extend the impedance bandwidth of the antenna; the number, width, and spacing of the slots are adapted to the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned antenna, the maximum length of the L-shaped metal block is adapted to the beamwidth of the antenna, and the height is the sum of the thickness of the upper dielectric substrate and the height of the air layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the antenna also includes a fifth metal post; the combined ground half-mode patch and the ground plane are connected by the fifth metal post, which is a metallized via.

[0016] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned antenna, the antenna's profile height is less than or equal to 0.05λ, its impedance bandwidth is greater than or equal to 7%, its half-power beamwidth is greater than or equal to 80°, and its beam peak gain is greater than or equal to 3dBi.

[0017] Furthermore, in the above antenna, the upper dielectric substrate and the lower dielectric substrate have the same thickness.

[0018] Furthermore, in the antenna described above, the four ports of the antenna are fed clockwise in sequence with equal amplitude, and the feeding phases are 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively, generating a left-handed polarized wave.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0020] 1. The present invention, by comparing the radiation patterns and far-field radiation radiation patterns of a general rectangular radiating patch with those of other radiating patches of various shapes, uses a radiating patch that expands the beamwidth of the antenna while maintaining a small planar size.

[0021] 2. This invention analyzes the electric field distribution between the radiating patch and the ground plane, utilizing the parasitic electric field generated by the L-shaped metal block surrounding the patch to extend the beamwidth. Specifically, the edge of the metal block generates a parasitic electric field opposite to the aperture electric field without the metal block. The electric field of the aperture radiation excites magnetic current, while the parasitic electric field excites a magnetic current in the opposite direction. This opposing magnetic current cancels out the electric field energy of the main radiation in the normal direction, and in the low elevation direction, due to the phase difference, the electric fields are superimposed in phase, thereby extending the antenna's beamwidth. In summary, the L-shaped metal block alters the surrounding electric field distribution, thus widening the beam.

[0022] 3. In this invention, four square patches placed around the radiating patch serve as parasitic patches, which can change the current distribution on the radiating patch. By adjusting the position and size of the parasitic patches, the phase and amplitude of the current can be controlled, thereby expanding the beamwidth.

[0023] 4. In this invention, four square patches are driven by a central radiating patch and act as additional radiation sources, working together with the radiating patch to extend the beamwidth.

[0024] 5. This invention adjusts the coupling strength between square patches and radiating patches by precisely designing the size, shape, and relative position of the square patches and radiating patches. The coupling effect between the square patches and radiating patches is used to adjust the input impedance and radiation characteristics of the antenna, thereby expanding the impedance bandwidth of the antenna.

[0025] 6. This invention introduces an equivalent parallel capacitance and inductance into the antenna by connecting the grounded metal posts at both ends of the coupling patch and the gap in the floor, thereby offsetting part of the antenna's reactance that varies with frequency, improving the input impedance, and effectively expanding the antenna bandwidth.

[0026] 7. This invention involves loading a half-mode patch at the feed end and connecting it to an open-circuit stub for tuning. The half-mode patch introduces an adjacent non-radiating mode resonance on top of the original antenna resonance, and the combined effect of the two resonances generated by the antenna effectively widens the bandwidth.

[0027] 8. This invention, through a centrally symmetrical four-port feeding method, can generate stable circularly polarized waves and improve the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna.

[0028] 9. This invention provides a low-profile, wide-bandwidth, dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonant structure. A cross-shaped patch is used as the radiating patch; vertical currents on the L-shaped metal block and mushroom-shaped structure improve the antenna's beamwidth; innovative improvements to the coupling feed probe structure and the loading of the mushroom-shaped structure further improve the antenna's impedance matching; finally, a half-mode patch is loaded on the back of the antenna, introducing an additional resonant point and further optimizing the antenna's impedance bandwidth. Ultimately, the antenna achieves wide bandwidth and wide beam characteristics under low-profile conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a top view of a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a top view of a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator according to the present invention after removing the upper dielectric substrate.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator according to the present invention.

[0032] in, Figures 1 to 3 In the middle, 1-upper dielectric plate, 2-square metal patch, 3-radiating patch, 4-coupling metal patch, 5-first metal pillar, 6-L-shaped metal block, 7-fourth metal pillar, 8-third metal pillar, 9-second metal pillar, 10-floor, 11-opening, 12-gap, 13-fifth metal pillar, 14-lower dielectric plate, 15-combined ground half-mold patch;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a radiation pattern of a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator according to the present invention, wherein (a) shows the simulation and test results of the xoz and yoz planes at 890MHz; (b) shows the simulation and test results of the xoz and yoz planes at 920MHz; and (c) shows the simulation and test results of the xoz and yoz planes at 950MHz; z is the height direction of the antenna, and x and y are the length and width directions of the antenna;

[0034] Figure 5The present invention presents the simulation and test results of the port active reflection coefficient of a low-profile wide-bandwidth beam dual circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator.

[0035] Figure 6 The peak gain simulation and test results of a low-profile wide-bandwidth beam dual circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator according to the present invention are presented. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, based on its technical content, structural features, achieved objectives and effects, and specific embodiments.

[0037] This invention discloses a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator, comprising:

[0038] The antenna radiating assembly includes a radiating patch 3, multiple parasitic patches 2, multiple coupling probes 4, and an upper dielectric substrate 1. The parasitic patches 2 and coupling probes 4 are arranged around the radiating patch 3. The radiating patch 3, parasitic patches 2, and coupling probes 4 are all arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1.

[0039] The antenna half-mode patch layer assembly includes a ground plane 10, a lower dielectric substrate 14, and a plurality of combined ground half-mode patches 15. The ground plane 10 has a plurality of slots 12 etched on it. The plurality of combined ground half-mode patches 15 are disposed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 14.

[0040] An air layer is provided between the antenna radiating assembly and the antenna half-mode patch layer assembly, and multiple L-shaped metal blocks 6 are provided. The top of the L-shaped metal blocks 6 is connected to the upper dielectric plate 1 through a slot on the upper dielectric plate 1, and the bottom of the L-shaped metal blocks 6 is connected to the ground plate 10.

[0041] The radiating patch 3 acts as a radiation source, coupling multiple parasitic patches 2 to obtain a larger impedance bandwidth.

[0042] Preferably, the radiating patch 3 has a cross structure; the parasitic patch 2 has a rectangular structure; the four parasitic patches 2 are located at the four missing corners of the cross structure; and the four L-shaped metal blocks 6 are located at the four missing corners of the cross structure and are close to the edge of the radiating patch 3.

[0043] Preferably, it further includes a first metal pillar 5, a second metal pillar 9, a third metal pillar 8, and a fourth metal pillar 7; wherein, the radiating patch 3 is connected to the ground plane 10 through multiple first metal pillars 5; the parasitic patch 2 is connected to the ground plane 10 through multiple second metal pillars 9; the coupling probe 4 is connected to the ground plane 10 through multiple third metal pillars 8; the combined ground half-mold patch 15 is connected to the coupling probe 4 through multiple fourth metal pillars 7; and the ground plane 10 has an opening 11 at the corresponding position of the fourth metal pillar 7.

[0044] Preferably, each of the four combined ground half-mold patches 15 is rotated 90° relative to the adjacent combined ground half-mold patches 15 and evenly distributed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 14; the combined ground half-mold patch 15 is composed of two microstrip lines 16, half-mold patches 17 and open stubs 18 connected together, wherein the port below the connection between the combined ground half-mold patch 15 and the metal post 7 is an SMA RF connector, with an inner conductor inside and an outer conductor on the surface; the inner conductor is connected to the microstrip line and the outer conductor is connected to the ground plane 10.

[0045] Preferably, four sets of rectangular slots 12, rotated 90° and placed on the ground 10, are etched on the ground 10, with two slots in each set; the slots 12 are used to extend the impedance bandwidth of the antenna; the number, width and spacing of the slots 12 are adapted to the operating frequency band of the antenna.

[0046] Preferably, the maximum length of the L-shaped metal block 6 is adapted to the beamwidth of the antenna, and the height is the sum of the thickness of the upper dielectric plate 1 and the height of the air layer.

[0047] Preferably, it also includes a fifth metal pillar 13; the combined ground half-mold patch 15 and the floor 10 are connected by the fifth metal pillar 13, and the fifth metal pillar 13 is a metallized through hole.

[0048] Preferably, the antenna has a profile height less than or equal to 0.05λ, an impedance bandwidth greater than or equal to 7%, a half-power beamwidth greater than or equal to 80°, and a beam peak gain greater than or equal to 3dBi.

[0049] Preferably, the upper dielectric plate 1 and the lower dielectric plate 14 have the same thickness.

[0050] Preferably, the four ports of the antenna are fed clockwise in sequence with equal amplitude, and the feeding phases are 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively, generating a left-handed polarized wave.

[0051] Example

[0052] This embodiment provides a low-profile, wide-bandwidth beam dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonant, which includes an antenna radiating assembly and an antenna half-mode patch assembly.

[0053] The antenna radiating assembly includes: a cross-shaped radiating patch 3, four identical square metal patches 2, four identical coupling probes 4, and an upper dielectric substrate 1; the square metal patches and coupling probes are all placed around the cross-shaped radiating patch by rotating 90°; the cross-shaped radiating patch 3, the square metal patches 2, and the coupling probes 4 are all disposed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1.

[0054] The antenna half-mode patch layer assembly includes: a metal ground plane 10, a lower dielectric substrate 14, and four combined ground half-mode patches 15; the metal ground plane 10 has four sets of rectangular slots 12 rotated 90° and placed, two in each set; the combined ground half-mode patches 15 have a fifth metal pillar 13 formed by metallized vias; the metal ground plane 10 is disposed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 14; the four combined ground half-mode patches 15 are rotated 90° and placed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate 14;

[0055] The upper dielectric substrate 1 is made of Arlon AD430 with a relative permittivity of 4.3 and dimensions of L1×L1×H1; the lower dielectric substrate 14 is made of Rogers RT / duriod 5880 with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and dimensions of L1×L1×H2; where H1=H2.

[0056] The cross-shaped radiating patch 3 is connected to the metal floor 10 via four first metal pillars 5 placed 90° rotated; the maximum size of the cross-shaped radiating patch 3 is L2×L2, and the length of its four missing corners is L3×L3.

[0057] Four square metal patches 2 are connected to the metal floor 10 via the second metal post 9, and their dimensions are L4×L4;

[0058] The four coupling probes 4 are respectively connected to the metal ground plate 10 through two third metal pillars 8;

[0059] An air layer is placed between the antenna radiating assembly and the antenna half-mode patch assembly, and four L-shaped metal blocks 6 are placed there by rotating 90°. The top of the L-shaped metal blocks 6 is connected to the upper dielectric plate 1 through a slot on the upper dielectric plate 1, and the bottom is connected to the metal ground plate 10.

[0060] The 15-port of the combined ground half-mold patch is an SMA connector, with its inner conductor connected to the microstrip and its outer conductor connected to the metal ground plane.

[0061] Four combined ground half-mode patches 15 are respectively connected to the coupling probe 4 through the fourth metal post 7; the combined ground half-mode patch 15 consists of two microstrip lines 16, a half-mode patch 17 and an open stub 18, which are used to improve antenna matching.

[0062] An opening 11 is placed in the metal floor 10 at the position corresponding to the fourth metal column 7;

[0063] The four L-shaped metal blocks 6 are located at the four missing corners of the cross-shaped radiating patch 3 and are close to the edge of the cross-shaped radiating patch 3. Their maximum size is L10×L10, their height is H1+H3, and their thickness is 2mm.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] Please see Figures 1 to 3A low-profile, wide-bandwidth beamwidth dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator includes a radiating patch 3, an upper dielectric substrate 1, a ground plane 10, a lower dielectric substrate 14, and a combined ground half-mode patch 15 stacked sequentially. The radiating patch 3 is printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1, and the ground plane 10 and the combined ground half-mode patch 15 are printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the lower dielectric substrate 14, respectively. The radiating patch 3 is connected to the ground plane 10 via four centrally symmetrically placed first metal pillars 5. Four centrally symmetrically placed coupling probes 4 are arranged on the four sides of the radiating patch 3. Each coupling probe 4 is connected to the ground plane 10 via two third metal pillars 8, with the connection point located inside a gap 12. Each coupling probe 4 is connected to the combined ground half-mode patch 15 via a fourth metal pillar 7. Four centrally symmetrically placed square... Metal patches 2, each square metal patch 2 is connected to the ground plane 10 via a second metal post 9; the coupling probe 4 and the square metal patch 2 are printed on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate 1; an L-shaped metal block 6 is provided between the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the ground plane 10, and the connection between the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the L-shaped metal block 6 is grooved; four sets of centrally symmetrically placed slots 12 are provided on the ground plane 10, each set containing two symmetrically placed slots 12; openings 11 are provided on the ground plane 10 at the corresponding positions of the metal posts 7 to avoid short circuits; the ground plane 10 is printed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric substrate 14; one end of the combined ground half-mode patch 15 is connected to the fourth metal post 7, and the other end is connected to the antenna feed port, wherein the combined ground half-mode patch 15 and the ground plane 10 are connected via a fifth metal post 13; the fifth metal post 13 is a metallized via. Figure 3 As shown, the four ports of the antenna are fed clockwise with equal amplitude and feed phases of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 270° respectively, thus generating a left-handed polarized wave. At the same time, the radiating patch 3 acts as a radiation source, coupling the four square metal patches 2 placed at its four corners to obtain a larger impedance bandwidth.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Based on the above structure, the upper dielectric substrate 1 is made of Arlon AD430 material with a relative permittivity of 4.3 and dimensions of L1×L1×H1 (0.49λ≤L1≤1.5λ). The lower dielectric substrate 14 is made of Rogers RT / duriod 5880 material with a relative permittivity of 2.2 and dimensions of L1×L1×H2. Its upper surface is covered with metal, and four 4mm diameter openings 11 are etched at the locations where the four fourth metal pillars 7 pass through for power feeding. The air gap height between the upper dielectric substrate 1 and the lower dielectric substrate 14 is H3. (λ is the free-space wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of 921.5MHz)

[0068] Example 3

[0069] Based on the above structure, the radiating patch 3 is printed at the center of the upper dielectric substrate 1, with a maximum size of L2×L2 (0.4λ≤L2≤0.42λ), and the lengths of its four notched corners are L3×L3 (0.1λ≤L3≤0.14λ). The square metal patch 2 has a size of L4×L4 (0.1λ≤L4≤0.12λ). The maximum size of the coupling probe 4 is L5×W1 (0.14λ≤L5≤0.15λ, 0.025λ≤W1≤0.03λ), with the shortest side length being W2 (0.01λ≤W2≤0.02λ). The distance between the coupling probe 4 and the radiating patch 3 is 1.8 mm.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] Based on the above structure, the distance between the first metal pillar 5 and the center of the antenna is L6 (0.035λ≤L6≤0.036λ), and its diameter is 3mm. The distance between the third metal pillar 8 and the longest side of the coupling probe 4 is L7 (0.0055λ≤L7≤0.0065λ), and the distance between the two third metal pillars 8 on each coupling probe 4 is L8 (0.08λ≤L8≤0.09λ), and its diameter is 1mm. The fourth metal pillar 7 is located on the axis of symmetry of the coupling probe 4, and the distance between it and the longest side of the coupling probe 4 is L9 (0.024λ≤L9≤0.026λ), and its diameter is 1mm. The vertical distance between the second metal pillar 9 and the two edges of the upper dielectric substrate 1 is 10mm.

[0072] Example 5

[0073] Based on the above structure, the maximum size of the L-shaped metal block 6 is L10×L10 (0.14λ≤L10≤0.16λ), which is made of two metal plates spliced ​​together. Its thickness is 2mm. The slot length at the corresponding position on the upper medium plate 1 is L11 (0.12λ≤L10≤0.16λ), which is used to connect the L-shaped metal block 6.

[0074] Example 6

[0075] Based on the above structure, the four sets of gaps 12 etched on the floor 10 have a maximum size of L12×W3, a gap width of W4, a distance of L13 between each set of gaps 12 (0.07λ≤L13≤0.08λ), and a distance of L14 between the gaps and the edge of the floor 10.

[0076] Example 7

[0077] Based on the above structure, the combined half-mold patch 15 consists of four loaded half-mold patches rotated 90° and microstrip lines with open-circuit stubs. The width of the microstrip line is W5, the length of the short side of the microstrip line is L15, and the length of the long side is L16. Meanwhile, the length and width of the half-mold patch are L17×W6 (0.024λ≤L17≤0.025λ, 0.027λ≤W6≤0.028λ), and the length and width of the open-circuit stub are L18×W7 (0.115λ≤L18≤0.12λ, 0.139λ≤W7≤0.141λ). The distance between the half-mold patch and the open-circuit stub is L19, and the distance between the edge of the half-mold patch near the port and the port is L20. A row of 11 equally spaced fifth metal pillars 13 are placed on the half-mold patch with a spacing of 4mm and a diameter of 1mm, and the distance from the edge of the half-mold patch is 1mm.

[0078] Table 1. Preferred antenna parameters in this embodiment (unit: mm)

[0079]

[0080]

[0081] As shown in Table 1, the profile height of the antenna is 10mm = 0.03λ, which indicates that the antenna profile is relatively low and belongs to the low profile antenna category.

[0082] To further illustrate the beneficial effects of this invention, simulation software and testing methods were used to simulate and test the port reflection coefficient, antenna pattern, and gain of the antennas in the above experimental examples. The test results are as follows: Figures 4 to 6 As shown.

[0083] Figure 4 The simulated and tested radiation patterns of the antenna at frequencies of 890MHz, 920MHz, and 950MHz show that the antenna's half-power beamwidth is greater than 88° within the operating frequency band, reaching a maximum of 91° at low frequencies. Furthermore, the antenna's main polarization and cross-polarization ratios are greater than 32 dBi within ±45° of the xoz and yoz planes. Therefore, the antenna exhibits wide-beam radiation characteristics.

[0084] Figure 5 The simulation and test results of the antenna's active reflection coefficient show that the measured -10dB active S-parameter frequency band is 883-960MHz, and the impedance bandwidth reaches 8.4%. This indicates that the antenna has broadband characteristics.

[0085] Figure 6 The simulation and test results of the antenna peak gain show that the peak gain of the antenna in the frequency band exceeds 3.9 dBi, and can reach a maximum of 6.5 dBi.

[0086] In summary, this invention provides a low-profile, wide-bandwidth, dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonant structure. A cross-shaped patch is used as the radiating patch; vertical currents on the L-shaped metal block and mushroom-shaped structure improve the antenna's beamwidth; innovative improvements to the coupling feed probe structure and the loading of the mushroom-shaped structure further enhance the antenna's impedance matching; finally, a half-mode patch is loaded on the back of the antenna, introducing an additional resonant point and further optimizing the antenna's impedance bandwidth. Ultimately, the antenna achieves wide bandwidth and wide beam characteristics under low-profile conditions.

[0087] The terms "first," "second," etc., used here only indicate the distinction in their names and do not imply any difference in their importance or position.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technology of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0089] The above embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Therefore, any implementation methods similar to the present invention or implementation methods used in other similar structures but with similar concepts to the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0090] The above description is only the best specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0091] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-profile, wide-bandwidth beamwidth dual-circularly polarized antenna based on a fed half-mode resonator, characterized in that, include: The antenna radiating assembly includes a radiating patch (3), multiple parasitic patches (2), multiple coupling probes (4), and an upper dielectric substrate (1). The parasitic patches (2) and coupling probes (4) are arranged around the radiating patch (3). The radiating patch (3), parasitic patches (2), and coupling probes (4) are all arranged on the upper surface of the upper dielectric substrate (1). The antenna half-mode patch layer assembly includes a ground plane (10), a lower dielectric substrate (14), and a plurality of combined ground half-mode patches (15). The ground plane (10) has a plurality of slots (12) etched on it. The plurality of combined ground half-mode patches (15) are disposed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate (14). An air layer is provided between the antenna radiating component and the antenna half-mode patch layer component, and multiple L-shaped metal blocks (6) are provided. The top of the L-shaped metal block (6) is connected to the upper dielectric plate (1) through a slot on the upper dielectric plate (1), and the bottom of the L-shaped metal block (6) is connected to the floor (10). The radiating patch (3) acts as a radiation source to couple multiple parasitic patches (2) to obtain a larger impedance bandwidth.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiation patch (3) has a cross structure; the parasitic patch (2) has a rectangular structure; the four parasitic patches (2) are located at the four missing corners of the cross structure; the four L-shaped metal blocks (6) are located at the four missing corners of the cross structure and are close to the edge of the radiation patch (3).

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first metal pillar (5), a second metal pillar (9), a third metal pillar (8), and a fourth metal pillar (7); wherein, the radiating patch (3) is connected to the ground plane (10) through multiple first metal pillars (5); the parasitic patch (2) is connected to the ground plane (10) through multiple second metal pillars (9); the coupling probe (4) is connected to the ground plane (10) through multiple third metal pillars (8); the combined ground half-mold patch (15) is connected to the coupling probe (4) through multiple fourth metal pillars (7); and the ground plane (10) has an opening (11) at the corresponding position of the fourth metal pillar (7).

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the four combined ground half-mold patches (15) is rotated 90° relative to the adjacent combined ground half-mold patches (15) and evenly distributed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric substrate (14); the combined ground half-mold patch (15) is composed of two microstrip lines (16), half-mold patches (17) and open stubs (18) connected together. The port below the connection between the combined ground half-mold patch (15) and the metal post (7) is an SMA RF connector with an inner conductor inside and an outer conductor on the surface; the inner conductor is connected to the microstrip line and the outer conductor is connected to the ground plane (10).

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floor (10) is etched with four sets of rectangular slots (12) rotated 90°, two in each set; the slots (12) are used to extend the impedance bandwidth of the antenna; the number, width and spacing of the slots (12) are adapted to the operating frequency band of the antenna.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maximum length of the L-shaped metal block (6) is adapted to the beamwidth of the antenna, and its height is the sum of the thickness of the upper dielectric plate (1) and the height of the air layer.

7. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a fifth metal pillar (13); the combined ground half-mold patch (15) and the floor (10) are connected by the fifth metal pillar (13), which is a metallized via.

8. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna has a profile height less than or equal to 0.05λ, an impedance bandwidth greater than or equal to 7%, a half-power beamwidth greater than or equal to 80°, and a beam peak gain greater than or equal to 3dBi.

9. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper dielectric plate (1) and the lower dielectric plate (14) have the same thickness.

10. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four ports of the antenna are fed clockwise in sequence with equal amplitude, and the feeding phases are 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively, generating a left-handed polarized wave.

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