User equipment to user equipment beam management

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a user equipment (UE) may send signaling regarding a UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the UE. The UE may perform a UE-to-UE BM procedure based at least in part on the signaling. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

[0001] Cross-references to related applications

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 493,898, filed April 3, 2023, entitled “USER EQUIPMENT TO USEREQUIPMENT BEAM MANAGEMENT,” and U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application No. 18 / 410,665, filed January 11, 2024, entitled “USER EQUIPMENT TO USER EQUIPMENT BEAM MANAGEMENT,” both of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] Various aspects of this disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and technologies and apparatuses for user equipment (UE) to UE (UE to UE) beam management. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide a variety of telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems employ multiple access technologies that can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) systems, Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Enhanced is an enhanced set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard issued by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0005] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. UEs can communicate with network nodes via downlink and uplink communication. "Downlink" (or "DL") refers to the communication link from the network node to the UE, and "uplink" (or "UL") refers to the communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via local links (e.g., sidelinks (SL), wireless local area network (WLAN) links, and / or wireless personal area network (WPAN) links).

[0006] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol enabling different UEs to communicate at the city, country, region, and / or global levels. New Radio (NR) (which may be referred to as 5G) is an enhancement set to the LTE mobile standard issued by 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by: improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (CP-OFDM), and using CP-OFDM and / or Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexer (SC-FDM) (also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Extended OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation for better integration with other open standards. Further improvements to LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful as the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to methods for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE). Methods may include: transmitting signaling regarding a UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the UE. Methods may include: performing the UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a UE for wireless communication. The UE may include memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. One or more processors may be configured to: transmit signaling regarding a UE-to-UE BM procedure supported by the UE. One or more processors may be configured to: perform the UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication by a UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to: send signaling regarding a UE-to-UE BM procedure supported by the UE. When executed by one or more processors of the UE, the set of instructions causes the UE to: perform a UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include units for transmitting signaling regarding a UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the apparatus. The apparatus may include units for performing the UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling.

[0011] The aspects generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, network entities, network nodes, wireless communication devices and / or processing systems as generally described and illustrated herein with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] The features and technical advantages of examples according to this disclosure have been outlined quite extensively above to facilitate a better understanding of the subsequent specific embodiments. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose of this disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein (both their organization and manner of operation) and their associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Each drawing is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and is not intended to limit the definition of the claims.

[0013] While aspects are described in this disclosure by way of example, those skilled in the art will understand that such aspects can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The techniques described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or package arrangements. For example, some aspects can be implemented via integrated chip embodiments or other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user equipment, vehicles, communication equipment, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / procurement equipment, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers). The aspects described herein are intended to be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user equipment with different sizes, shapes, and configurations. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To gain a more detailed understanding of the features of this disclosure, a more specific description of the above-briefly summarized aspects can be obtained by referring to the accompanying drawings, some of which are illustrated in the figures. However, it should be noted that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not intended to limit its scope, as the specification may acknowledge other equally valid aspects. The same reference numerals in different figures may identify the same or similar elements.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to this disclosure.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of communication between a network node and a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network according to the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating an example decomposed base station architecture according to this disclosure.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating an example of sidelink communication according to this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating examples of sidelink communication and access link communication according to this disclosure.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an implicit UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) process according to this disclosure.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of an explicit UE-to-UE BM process according to this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of signaling related to the UE-to-UE BM process according to this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a hybrid UE to UE BM process according to this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example process performed by a UE, for example, according to this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 11 This is a diagram of an example device for wireless communication based on the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] For example, a user equipment (UE) wireless communication device can use beamforming to communicate with other wireless communication devices, which improves signal propagation and offsets the increased path loss of high-frequency communication. For instance, a UE can perform beamforming for transmission (where the radiated signal is beamformed) and / or beamforming for reception (where a spatial filter is applied to an antenna array to receive the radiated signal). In some deployments, network nodes (e.g., gNBs) and UEs can use beamforming to communicate with each other. Beam selection and management (collectively referred to herein as beam maintenance) enable the UE and network nodes to identify the appropriate beam pairs (including one or more transmit beams at the transmitter and one or more receive beams at the receiver) for communication.

[0027] In some examples, two UEs can communicate with each other using beamforming. For instance, a UE can use beamforming for sidelink unicast communication, for example, in frequency range 2 (FR2) (e.g., millimeter wave). However, the procedures for beam maintenance may not be well defined for sidelink beamforming, which could lead to suboptimal beam selection when the UE changes position or orientation. Furthermore, in beamforming between a UE and a network node, the network node is typically expected to be stationary and not move or rotate. Therefore, the beam maintenance procedure between the UE and the network node may be based on the assumption that the beam orientation of the network node does not change over time. For example, in some cases, explicit beam maintenance procedures involving feedback between the transmitter and receiver may introduce time delays to beam maintenance. On the other hand, if the sidelink UE (e.g., a roadside unit) does not move or rotate, explicit beam maintenance procedures may be more robust or stable than implicit beam maintenance procedures.

[0028] Some of the techniques described herein provide UE-to-UE beam maintenance processes. For example, some of the techniques described herein provide an implicit UE-to-UE beam maintenance process, in which the UE refines its own beam by measuring reference signaling from the transmitting UE on a single transmit beam (or set of transmit beams) using multiple receive beams at the UE. Therefore, latency is reduced relative to the beam maintenance process between the UE and the network node, which facilitates beam maintenance between UEs in motion. As another example, some of the techniques described herein provide an explicit UE-to-UE beam maintenance process, in which the transmitting UE transmits reference signaling on multiple beams, receives feedback from the receiving UE regarding one or more of the multiple beams, and then transmits information indicating the selected beam. Therefore, stability and robustness of beamforming are achieved, especially when one or both UEs are stationary.

[0029] In some examples, a UE may have (e.g., may support) one or more types of UE-UE beam maintenance capabilities, such as explicit beam maintenance or implicit beam maintenance. Explicit beam maintenance and implicit beam maintenance are described in more detail below. Different UEs may have different beam maintenance capabilities, or may wish to activate or deactivate (e.g., support or deactivate support) one type of beam maintenance. Some techniques described herein provide signaling indicating the capability information of one or more types of UE-UE beam maintenance supported by a UE. Thus, two UEs can identify the appropriate type of UE-UE beam maintenance for their beam pairs, which improves consistency with UE capabilities and increases beamforming flexibility. Furthermore, in some examples, the type of UE-UE beam maintenance used by a UE can be switched at least in part based on the UE's motion state, providing stability and robustness for a stationary UE (e.g., by using explicit UE-UE beam maintenance) or reduced latency for a moving UE (e.g., by using implicit UE-UE beam maintenance).

[0030] The various aspects of this disclosure are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and fully communicate the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art. Those skilled in the art will understand that the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure herein, whether implemented independently of or in combination with any other aspect of this disclosure. For example, any number of the aspects set forth herein may be used to implement an apparatus or practice. Furthermore, the scope of this disclosure is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than or different from the aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claims.

[0031] Various devices and techniques will now be used to present several aspects of a telecommunications system. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed embodiments and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various frames, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively, “elements”). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system.

[0032] Although the terms commonly associated with 5G or New Radio (NR) Radio Access Technology (RAT) may be used in this document to describe the aspects, the aspects of this disclosure may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to this disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as network node 110a, network node 110b, network node 110c, and network node 110d), a UE 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as UE 120a, UE 120b, UE 120c, UE 120d, and UE 120e), and / or other entities. Network node 110 is a network node that communicates with UE 120. As shown, network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, network node 110 can be an aggregated network node, meaning that an aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, network node 110 can be a decomposed network node (sometimes referred to as a decomposed base station), meaning that network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0034] In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (e.g., RUs) that communicate with UE 120 via a radio access link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (e.g., DUs) that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 is or includes network nodes (e.g., CUs) that communicate with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or with the core network via a backhaul link. In some examples, network node 110 (e.g., aggregated network node 110 or decomposed network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. Network node 110 may include, for example, NR base stations, LTE base stations, Node Bs, eNBs (e.g., in 4G), gNBs (e.g., in 5G), access points, Transmit / Receive Points (TRPs), DUs, RUs, CUs, network mobility elements, core network nodes, network elements, network devices, RAN nodes, or combinations thereof. In some examples, network nodes 110 can use any suitable transport network to interconnect with each other or to one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 via various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, air interfaces, or virtual networks).

[0035] In some examples, network node 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term "cell" can refer to the coverage area of ​​network node 110 and / or the network node subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. Network node 110 can provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A picocell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UE 120 with a service subscription. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UE 120 associated with that femtocell (e.g., UE 120 in a Closed User Group (CSG)). Network node 110 used for macrocells can be referred to as a macro network node. Network node 110 used for picocells can be referred to as a pico network node. The network node 110 used in a femtocell can be referred to as a femtocell network node or a home network node. Figure 1In the example shown, network node 110a can be a macro network node for macro cell 102a, network node 110b can be a pico network node for pico cell 102b, and network node 110c can be a femto network node for femto cell 102c. Network nodes can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, the cells may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cell can move depending on the location of a mobile network node 110 (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0036] In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to an aggregated base station, a decomposed base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, "base station" or "network node" may refer to a CU, DU, RU, a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC), or a non-real-time (non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to a device configured to perform one or more functions, such as those described herein in conjunction with network node 110. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to multiple devices configured to perform one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a number of different devices (which may be located in the same geographical location or different geographical locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or replicate at least a portion of the performance of a function, and the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions can be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the term "base station" or "network node" may refer to one function of the base station functions rather than another. In this way, a single device can include more than one base station.

[0037] Wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive data transmissions from an upstream node (e.g., network node 110 or UE 120) and transmit the data transmissions to a downstream node (e.g., UE 120 or network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UE 120s. Figure 1In the example shown, network node 110d (e.g., a relay network node) can communicate with network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and UE 120d to facilitate communication between network node 110a and UE 120d. The network node 110, used for relay communication, can be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, relay network node, relay node, repeater, etc.

[0038] Wireless network 100 can be a heterogeneous network comprising different types of network nodes 110, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes. These different types of network nodes 110 can have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different effects on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes can have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes can have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0039] Network controller 130 may be coupled to or communicate with a group of network nodes 110, and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. Network controller 130 may communicate with network nodes 110 via a backhaul or mid-range communication link. Network nodes 110 may communicate with each other directly or indirectly via wireless or wired backhaul communication links. In some aspects, network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0040] UE 120 may be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be fixed or mobile. UE 120 may include, for example, access terminals, terminals, mobile stations, and / or subscriber units. UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smartphone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet computer, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio unit), a vehicle component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a GPS device, the UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0041] Some UEs 120 can be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC UEs and / or eMTC UEs may include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags that can communicate with network nodes, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband IoT) devices. Some UEs 120 can be considered customer premises equipment. UE 120 may be included within a housing that houses the components of UE 120 (e.g., processor components and / or memory components). In some examples, the processor components and memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0042] Typically, any number of wireless networks 100 can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network 100 can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT can be referred to as a radio technology, air interface, etc. A frequency can be referred to as a carrier, frequency channel, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographical area to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0043] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using network node 110 as an intermediary for communication with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), or vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocols) and / or mesh networks. In such examples, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by network node 110.

[0044] Devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., according to frequency or wavelength. For example, devices in Wireless Network 100 can communicate using one or more operating frequency bands. In 5G NR, the two initial operating frequency bands have been designated as frequency range names FR1 (410MHz–7.125GHz) and FR2 (24.25GHz–52.6GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6GHz, FR1 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. Similar naming issues sometimes arise regarding FR2; although different from the Ultra High Frequency (EHF) band (30GHz–300GHz) designated as the “millimeter wave” band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), FR2 is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the “millimeter wave band” in documents and articles.

[0045] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as intermediate frequencies (IFs). Recent 5G NR studies have designated the operating bands of these IFs as the frequency range name FR3 (7.125 GHz – 24.25 GHz). Bands falling within FR3 can inherit FR1 and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus can effectively extend the characteristics of FR1 and / or FR2 to the IF. Furthermore, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation above 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been designated as the frequency range names FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz – 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz – 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz – 300 GHz). Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0046] Considering the examples above, unless otherwise specified, it should be understood that the terms "sub-6GHz" and the like (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies that may be less than 6GHz, frequencies that may be within FR1, or frequencies that may include the intermediate frequency band. Furthermore, unless otherwise specified, it should be understood that the terms "millimeter wave" and the like (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies that may include the intermediate frequency band, frequencies that may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a, or FR4-1 and / or FR5, or frequencies that may be within the EHF band. Frequencies intended to be included in these operating frequency bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0047] In some aspects, UE 120 may include communication manager 140. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, communication manager 140 may send signaling regarding UE-to-UE BM procedures supported by the UE; and perform UE-to-UE BM procedures at least in part based on the signaling. Alternatively or additionally, communication manager 140 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0048] As indicated above, Figure 1 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 1 As described in [the text].

[0049] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating example 200 of communication between network node 110 and UE 120 in wireless network 100 according to the present disclosure. Network node 110 may be equipped with antenna sets 234a to 234t, such as T antennas (T≥1). UE 120 may be equipped with antenna sets 252a to 252r, such as R antennas (R≥1). Network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antenna 234 and modem 232. In some examples, network node 110 may include an interface, communication components, or another component that facilitates communication with UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components that facilitate direct communication with UE 120, such as one or more CUs or one or more DUs.

[0050] At network node 110, transmitting processor 220 can receive data for UE 120 (or a group of UEs 120) from data source 212. Transmitting processor 220 can select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for each UE 120, at least in part, based on one or more Channel Quality Indicators (CQIs) received from each UE 120. Network node 110 can process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for UE 120, at least in part, based on the MCS selected for UE 120, and can provide data symbols for UE 120. Transmitting processor 220 can process system information (e.g., for Semi-Static Resource Partitioning Information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, permission, and / or upper-layer signaling), and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. Transmitting processor 220 can generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) or Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS) or Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding, if applicable) on data symbols, control symbols, overhead symbols, and / or reference symbols, and can provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems) (shown as modems 232a to 232t). For example, each output symbol stream can be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of modem 232. Each modem 232 can use a corresponding modulator component to process the corresponding output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 can also use a corresponding modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and / or up-convert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Modems 232a to 232t can transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas) (shown as antennas 234a to 234t).

[0051] At UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a to 252r) can receive downlink signals from network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110, and can provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems) (shown as modems 254a to 254r). For example, each received signal can be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of modem 254. Each modem 254 can use a corresponding demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each modem 254 can use a demodulator component to further process the input sample (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from modem 254, can perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and can provide the detected symbols. The receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to the data sink 260, and provide decoded control and system information to the controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine parameters such as the Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), and / or CQI. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0052] Network controller 130 may include communication unit 294, controller / processor 290, and memory 292. Network controller 130 may include one or more devices, such as those in a core network. Network controller 130 may communicate with network node 110 via communication unit 294.

[0053] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc., or may be included within one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, etc. Antenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings), coplanar antenna element sets, non-coplanar antenna element sets, and and / or coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (one or more components) or one or more antenna elements.

[0054] On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmit processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reporting including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmit processor 264 can generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from the transmit processor 264 can be pre-encoded (if applicable) by the TX MIMO processor 266, further processed by the modem 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of UE 120 may include a modulator and demodulator. In some examples, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, receive processor 258, transmit processor 264, and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and a memory 282 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figure 6-11 (Aspects of any method described)

[0055] At network node 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs can be received by antenna 234, processed by modem 232 (e.g., demodulator component of modem 232, shown as DEMOD), detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receive processor 238 can provide the decoded data to data sink 239 and the decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Network node 110 may include communication unit 244 and can communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Network node 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communication. In some examples, modem 232 of network node 110 may include modulator and demodulator. In some examples, network node 110 includes transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modem 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, transmit processor 220, and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to execute this document (e.g., reference). Figure 6-11 (Aspects of any method described)

[0056] The controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / controller 280 of UE 120 and / or Figure 2Any other components may perform one or more technologies associated with the UE to UE BM, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of network node 110, the controller / controller 280 of UE 120, and / or Figure 2 Any other component can perform or direct, for example Figure 10 The operation of process 1000 and / or other processes described herein. Memory 242 and memory 282 may store data and program code for network node 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some examples, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of network node 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, transformation, and / or interpretation), may cause one or more processors, UE 120, and / or network node 110 to perform or direct, for example... Figure 10 The operation of process 1000 and / or other processes described herein. In some examples, execution instructions may include run instructions, transformation instructions, compilation instructions, and / or interpretation instructions, etc.

[0057] In some aspects, UE 120 includes units for transmitting signaling regarding a UE-to-UE BM procedure supported by the UE; and / or units for performing the UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling. For example, units for UE 120 to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of the following: a communication manager 140, an antenna 252, a modem 254, a MIMO detector 256, a receive processor 258, a transmit processor 264, a TX MIMO processor 266, a controller / processor 280, or a memory 282.

[0058] Although Figure 2 The boxes in the diagram are shown as different components, but the functions described above with respect to these boxes can be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to transmit processor 264, receive processor 258, and / or TX MIMO processor 266 can be performed by controller / processor 280 or under the control of controller / processor.

[0059] As indicated above, Figure 2 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 2The deployment of the communication system described herein (e.g., a 5G NR system) can be arranged in a variety of ways using various components or parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, network mobility elements, RAN nodes, core network nodes, network elements, base stations, or network devices can be implemented in an aggregated or decomposed architecture. For example, a base station (e.g., a Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR base station, 5G NB, access point (AP), TRP, or cell, etc.) or one or more units (or components) performing base station functions can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a standalone base station or monolithic base station) or a decomposed base station. "Network entity" or "network node" can refer to a decomposed base station, or one or more units of a decomposed base station (e.g., one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or combinations thereof).

[0060] Aggregated base stations (e.g., aggregated network nodes) can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). Decomposed base stations (e.g., decomposed network nodes) can be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed across two or more units (e.g., one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, the CU can be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs can be located in the same location as the CU, or alternatively, can be geographically or virtually distributed across one or more other network nodes. DUs can be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can also be implemented as a virtual unit, such as a Virtual Central Unit (VCU), Virtual Distributed Unit (VDU), or Virtual Radio Unit (VRU), etc.

[0061] Base station type operation or network design can consider the aggregation characteristics of base station functions. For example, decomposed base stations can be used in IAB networks, Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN (such as the network configuration advocated by the O-RAN Alliance)), or Virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRAN, also known as Cloud Radio Access Networks, C-RAN) to facilitate the scaling of communication systems by separating base station functions into one or more units that can be deployed independently. Decomposed base stations can include functions implemented by two or more units across different physical locations, as well as functions virtually implemented for at least one unit, which allows for flexibility in network design. The various units of a decomposed base station can be configured to communicate wirelessly with at least one other unit of the decomposed base station.

[0062] Figure 3This is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300 according to this disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310, which may communicate directly with the core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 via one or more disaggregated control units (e.g., near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) framework 305, or both). The CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via a corresponding midrange link (e.g., via an F1 interface). Each DU 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via a corresponding fronthaul link. Each RU 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via a corresponding radio frequency (RF) access link. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 340.

[0063] Each unit (including CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, and near-RT RIC 325, non-RT RIC 315, and SMO frame 305) may include or be coupled to one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via wired or wireless transmission media. Each unit, or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to one or more communication interfaces of the corresponding unit, may be configured to communicate with one or more other units via a transmission medium. In some examples, each unit may include a wired interface and a wireless interface, the wired interface being configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more other units via a wired transmission medium, and the wireless interface may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (e.g., an RF transceiver) configured to receive signals via a wireless transmission medium, transmit signals to one or more other units, or perform both operations.

[0064] In some implementations, the CU 310 can host one or more higher-level control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC) functions, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) functions, or Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) functions, etc. Each control function can be implemented using an interface configured to transmit signaling to other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 can be configured to handle user plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-User Plane (CU-UP) functions), control plane functions (e.g., Central Unit-Control Plane (CU-CP) functions), or combinations thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically divided into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units can communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as an E1 interface. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with the DU 330 as needed for network control and signaling.

[0065] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RU 340s. In some aspects, at least in part depending on the functional partitioning, such as that defined by 3GPP, the DU 330 may host one or more of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, the Media Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers. In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation. In some aspects, the DU 330 may also host one or more low PHY layers, such as by one or more modules for Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering. Each layer (which may also be referred to as a module) may be implemented using an interface configured to transmit signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330 or with the control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0066] Each RU 340 can implement lower-layer functions. In some deployments, based on function splitting (e.g., function splitting defined by 3GPP), such as lower-layer function splitting, the RU 340 controlled by the DU 330 can correspond to a logical node hosting RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing FFT, performing iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering. In such an architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over-the-air (OTA) communication with one or more UE 120s. In some implementations, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration allows each DU 330 and CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture (such as a vRAN architecture).

[0067] SMO framework 305 can be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of both non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, SMO framework 305 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via operation and maintenance interfaces (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, SMO framework 305 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-cloud) platform 390) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as instantiating virtualized network elements). Such virtualized network elements may include, but are not limited to, CU 310, DU 330, RU 340, non-RT RIC 315, and near-RT RIC 325. In some implementations, SMO framework 305 can communicate with the hardware aspects of the 4G RAN via the O1 interface, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311. Furthermore, in some implementations, SMO framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RU 340s via the respective O1 interface. SMO framework 305 may also include a non-RT RIC 315 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework.

[0068] The non-RT RIC 315 can be configured to include logical functions for non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, AI / ML workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance for applications / features in the near-RT RIC 325. The non-RT RIC 315 can be coupled to or communicate with the near-RT RIC 325 (e.g., via the A1 interface). The near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to include logical functions for near real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions on interfaces (e.g., via the E2 interface) that connect one or more CU 310s, one or more DU 330s, or both, and O-eNBs to the near-RT RIC 325.

[0069] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 325, the non-RT RIC 315 can receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information can be utilized by the near-RT RIC 325 and can be received from non-network data sources or network functions at the SMO framework 305 or the non-RT RIC 315. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 315 or near-RT RIC 325 can be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 315 can monitor long-term trends and patterns in performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 305 (e.g., via O1 interface reconfiguration) or via the creation of RAN management policies (e.g., A1 interface policies).

[0070] As indicated above, Figure 3 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 3 As described in [the text].

[0071] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating example 400 of sidelink communication according to this disclosure.

[0072] like Figure 4As shown, the first UE 405-1 can communicate with the second UE 405-2 (and one or more other UEs 405) via one or more sidelink channels 410. UEs 405-1 and 405-2 can communicate using one or more sidelink channels 410 for P2P communication, D2D communication, V2X communication (e.g., which may include V2V communication, V2I communication, and / or V2P communication), and / or mesh networks. In some aspects, UE 405 (e.g., UE 405-1 and / or UE 405-2) can correspond to one or more other UEs described elsewhere herein, such as UE 120. In some aspects, one or more sidelink channels 410 can use a PC5 interface and / or can operate in a high-frequency band (e.g., the 5.9 GHz band). Alternatively or additionally, UE 405 can use Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) timing to synchronize the timing of Transmission Time Intervals (TTIs) (e.g., frames, subframes, time slots, or symbols).

[0073] like Figure 4 As shown, one or more sidelink channels 410 may include a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH) 415, a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH) 420, and / or a Physical Sidelink Feedback Channel (PSFCH) 425. PSCCH 415 can be used to transmit control information, similar to a Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) and / or a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for cellular communication with network node 110 via an access link or access channel. PSSCH 420 can be used to transmit data, similar to a Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) and / or a Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) for cellular communication with network node 110 via an access link or access channel. For example, PSCCH 415 may carry Sidelink Control Information (SCI) 430, which may indicate various control information for sidelink communication, such as one or more resources (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources) of transport block (TB) 435 that may be carried on PSCCH 420. TB 435 may include data. PSFCH 425 may be used to transmit side-link feedback 440, such as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback (e.g., Acknowledgment or Negative Acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) information), Transmit Power Control (TPC), and / or Scheduling Request (SR).

[0074] Although shown on PSCCH 415, in some aspects, SCI 430 may include multiple communications at different stages, such as a first-stage SCI (SCI-1) and a second-stage SCI (SCI-2). SCI-1 may be transmitted on PSCCH 415. SCI-2 may be transmitted on PSSCH 420. SCI-1 may include, for example, indications of one or more resources on PSSCH 420 (e.g., time resources, frequency resources, and / or spatial resources), information for decoding sidelink communications on PSSCH, Quality of Service (QoS) priority values, resource reservation periods, PSSCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS) modes, SCI format for SCI-2, beta offset for SCI-2, number of PSSCH DMRS ports, and / or modulation and coding scheme (MCS). SCI-2 may include information associated with data transmission on PSSCH 420, such as HARQ process ID, New Data Indicator (NDI), source identifier, destination identifier, and / or Channel State Information (CSI) report triggers.

[0075] In some aspects, one or more sidelink channels 410 may use resource pools. For example, a scheduling assignment (e.g., included in SCI 430) may be transmitted in a subchannel using a specific resource block (RB) spanning a time period. In some aspects, data transmissions associated with a scheduling assignment (e.g., on PSSCH 420) may occupy adjacent RBs in the same subframe as the scheduling assignment (e.g., using frequency division multiplexing). In some aspects, the scheduling assignment and associated data transmissions are not transmitted on adjacent RBs.

[0076] In some aspects, UE 405 may operate using a sidelink transmission mode (e.g., mode 1) in which resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by network node 110 (e.g., base station, CU, or DU). For example, UE 405 may receive permission for sidelink channel access and / or scheduling from network node 110 (e.g., directly or via one or more network nodes) (e.g., permission in downlink control information (DCI) or in radio resource control (RRC) messages, such as permission for configuration). In some aspects, UE 405 may operate using a transmission mode (e.g., mode 2) in which resource selection and / or scheduling is performed by UE 405 (e.g., not network node 110). In some aspects, UE 405 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling by sensing channel availability for transmission. For example, UE 405 can measure Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameters (e.g., Side Link RSSI (S-RSSI)) associated with various side link channels, can measure Reference Received Power (RSRP) parameters (e.g., PSSCH-RSRP parameters) associated with various side link channels, and / or can measure Reference Received Quality (RSRQ) parameters (e.g., PSSCH-RSRQ parameters) associated with various side link channels, and can select the channel for transmitting side link communications based at least in part on the measurements.

[0077] Alternatively, UE 405 may use SCI 430 received in PSCCH 415 to perform resource selection and / or scheduling, SCI 430 indicating occupied resources and / or channel parameters. Alternatively, UE 405 may perform resource selection and / or scheduling by determining the Channel Busy Ratio (CBR) associated with various sidelink channels, the CBR being used for rate control (e.g., by indicating the maximum number of resource blocks that UE 405 can use for a particular subframe set).

[0078] In transport modes where resource selection and / or scheduling are performed by UE 405, UE 405 can generate sidelink grants and can send the grants in SCI 430. For example, a sidelink grant can indicate one or more parameters (e.g., transport parameters) to be used for an upcoming sidelink transport, such as one or more resource blocks to be used for an upcoming sidelink transport on PSSCH 420 (e.g., for TB 435), one or more subframes to be used for the upcoming sidelink transport, and / or the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to be used for the upcoming sidelink transport. In some aspects, UE 405 can generate sidelink grants indicating one or more parameters (e.g., periodicity of the sidelink transport) for semi-persistent scheduling (SPS). Alternatively or concurrently, UE 405 can generate sidelink grants for event-driven scheduling, such as for on-demand sidelink messages.

[0079] As indicated above, Figure 4 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 4 As described in [the text].

[0080] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating example 500 of sidelink communication and access link communication according to this disclosure.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, the transmitter (Tx) / receiver (Rx) UE 505 and the Rx / Tx UE 510 can communicate with each other via a side link, as described above. Figure 4 As described. Further, in some sidelink modes, network node 110 may communicate with Tx / Rx UE 505 (e.g., directly or via one or more network nodes), such as via a first access link. Alternatively, in some sidelink modes, network node 110 may communicate with Rx / Tx UE 510 (e.g., directly or via one or more network nodes), such as via a first access link. Tx / Rx UE 505 and / or Rx / Tx UE 510 may correspond to one or more UEs described elsewhere herein, such as... Figure 1 UE 120. Therefore, the direct link between UEs 120 (e.g., via the PC5 interface) can be referred to as a sidelink, and the direct link between network node 110 and UE 120 (e.g., via the Uu interface) can be referred to as an access link. Sidelink communication can be sent via the sidelink, and access link communication can be sent via the access link. Access link communication can be downlink communication (from network node 110 to UE 120) or uplink communication (from UE 120 to network node 110).

[0082] As indicated above, Figure 5 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 5 As described in [the text].

[0083] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating an example 600 of an implicit UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure according to this disclosure. Typically, an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure is a process in which a receiving (Rx) UE 605 (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505) performs multiple measurements to refine the receive beam (and optionally the transmit beam, if beam correspondence is enabled at Rx UE 605) of Rx UE 605. For example, in some aspects, the implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure may not involve feedback signaling from Rx UE 605 to transmitting UE 610. The implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure may be referred to as receiver autonomous beam refinement. Example 600 also includes a transmitting (Tx) UE 610 (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505). In some aspects, Rx UE 605 and Tx UE 610 may communicate in FR2. Beam correspondence is a feature that allows a UE to derive the beam parameters of a beam (e.g., the transmit or receive beam at the UE) based on the beam parameters of a reciprocal beam (e.g., the receive beam or the transmit beam, respectively).

[0084] Example 600 illustrates multiple transmissions of Tx UE 610 and multiple receptions (e.g., measurements) of Rx UE 605. Each transmission of Tx UE 610 may utilize a reference signal (RS) resource. For example, each transmission of Tx UE 610 may utilize a Channel State Information (CSI) RS (CSI-RS) resource. The CSI-RS resource can define the time, frequency, and / or parameters (e.g., beam parameters, such as Quasi-Co-location (QCL) parameters or Transmission Configuration Indicator (TCI) status) that Tx UE 610 will use to transmit the CSI-RS. Tx UE 610 can transmit the CSI-RS resource, meaning that Tx UE 610 can transmit the CSI-RS according to a corresponding CSI-RS source. Rx UE 605 can perform measurements according to the CSI-RS resource (e.g., at the time and / or frequency defined by the CSI-RS source and / or using parameters indicated by the CSI-RS resource), which is referred to herein as the Measurement CSI-RS resource. Measurements can include any suitable measurements, such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) measurements, Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) measurements, etc. Measurements can be referred to as Layer 1 measurements (as opposed to filtered measurements, which may include time-domain filtering, such as Layer 3 measurements). Each CSI-RS resource transmission and reception is indicated using indicators T1 through T8. For example, T1 indicates that transmission and reception occurred at time T1. Therefore, it can be seen that Tx UE 610 transmits multiple CSI-RS resources using a fixed beam (referred to as beam repetition). For example, multiple CSI-RS resources may belong to the same resource set. It can also be seen that Rx UE 605 uses beam scanning to measure multiple CSI-RS resources, where the Rx UE 605 changes its receive beam from one measurement to another. For example, beam scanning can involve measurements using multiple different beams within a resource set.

[0085] As indicated by reference numeral 615, in some aspects, Rx UE 605 can send and Tx UE 610 can receive requests for Tx UE 610 to send multiple CSI-RS resources. For example, the request may instruct Tx UE 610 to send multiple CSI-RS resources using a fixed beam (e.g., using beam repetition). In some aspects, the request may be aperiodic. For example, Rx UE 605 may send an aperiodic request unrelated to periodicity to trigger Tx UE 610 to send multiple CSI-RS resources. In some other aspects, the request may be periodic. For example, Rx UE 605 may send the request based on periodicity (e.g., on configured resources) or based on configuration parameters indicating periodicity.

[0086] As shown by reference numeral 620 in the accompanying drawing, the Rx UE 605 can use multiple receive beams (four different receive beams in example 600) to measure multiple CSI-RS resources. The measurements are as described above. Therefore, the Rx UE 605 can use beam scanning to measure multiple CSI-RS resources, which allows for refinement of the Rx UE's receive beams.

[0087] As indicated by reference numeral 625, Rx UE 605 can communicate with Tx UE 610 using a selected receive beam. For example, Rx UE 605 can select a selected receive beam from among multiple receive beams used by Rx UE 605 to measure multiple CSI-RS resources. In some aspects, the selected receive beam may have the best measurement value among the multiple receive beams (e.g., strongest RSRP, strongest RSRQ, highest SINR). In some aspects, communicating with Tx UE 610 using the selected receive beam may include receiving communication from Tx UE 610 using the selected receive beam. Alternatively or additionally, communicating with Tx UE 610 using the selected receive beam may include transmitting communication to Tx UE 610 using the selected receive beam. For example, if Rx UE 605 supports beam mapping, Rx UE 606 can use the selected receive beam (e.g., the spatial parameters of the selected receive beam, such as QCL parameters or TCI state) to send communication to Tx UE 610. Therefore, Rx UE 605 can select or refine the receive beam used for transmission or reception without performing feedback to Tx UE 610, which reduces the latency and overhead associated with beam refinement.

[0088] In some respects, Tx UE 610 may also perform the implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure in Example 600. For example, Tx UE 610 may perform one or more of the operations in Example 600 described as being performed by Rx UE 605, and Rx UE 605 may perform one or more of the operations in Example 600 described as being performed by Tx UE 610.

[0089] In some respects, Tx UE 610 and Rx UE 605 can exchange signaling, for example, when combined. Figure 8 As described in Example 800. Alternatively or additionally, in addition to the operations described with respect to Example 600, Tx UE 610 and Rx UE 605 may perform one or more explicit UE-to-UE BM operations, such as those described with respect to Example 600. Figure 7 Example 700 describes one or more of the operations.

[0090] As indicated above, Figure 6 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 6 As described in [the text].

[0091] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example 700 of an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure according to this disclosure. Typically, an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure is a process in which Rx UE 705 (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505) provides feedback to Tx UE 710 (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505) regarding RS resource transmissions of Tx UE 710, enabling Tx UE 710 to select an appropriate Tx beam and / or report the selected Tx beam to Rx UE 705. In some aspects, Rx UE 705 and Tx UE 710 may communicate in FR2.

[0092] Example 700 illustrates multiple RS transmissions of Tx UE 710. Example 700 also includes multiple receptions (e.g., measurements) of Rx UE 705. Each transmission of Tx UE 710 may utilize RS resources. For example, each transmission of Tx UE 710 may utilize CSI-RS resources. Tx UE 710 can transmit CSI-RS resources, meaning that Tx UE 710 can transmit CSI-RS according to a corresponding CSI-RS source. Rx UE 705 can perform measurements according to CSI-RS resources (e.g., at a time and / or frequency defined by the CSI-RS source and / or using parameters indicated by the CSI / RS resource), which is referred to herein as measuring CSI-RS resources. Measurements may include any suitable measurements, such as RSRP measurements, RSRQ measurements, SINR measurements, etc. Measurements may be referred to as Layer 1 measurements (as opposed to filtered measurements that may include time-domain filtering, such as Layer 3 measurements).

[0093] As can be seen, Tx UE 710 utilizes multiple beams to transmit multiple CSI-RS resources (i.e., using beam scanning across multiple transmit beams). For example, multiple CSI-RS resources may belong to the same resource set. Rx UE 705 uses one or more beams to measure multiple CSI-RS resources. For example, Rx UE 705 can use a first receive beam to measure a first CSI-RS resource set and a second receive beam to measure a second CSI-RS resource set. As another example, Rx UE 705 can use the same beam to measure all CSI-RS resources.

[0094] As indicated by reference numeral 715, in some aspects, Tx UE 710 can send, and Rx UE 705 can receive, a request for information regarding measurements of one or more of a plurality of Tx beams. For example, Tx UE 710 can trigger an explicit UE to UE BM by sending a request. The request may be referred to as a triggering of a Layer 1 RSRP (L1-RSRP) or Layer 1 SINR (L1-SINR) report from Rx UE 705. For example, the request may instruct Rx UE 705 to send information regarding measurements of one or more of a plurality of Tx beams, wherein the information includes one or more L1-SINR or L1-RSRP measurements. The request may be sent periodically (e.g., depending on configured resources or configured periodic parameters) or non-periodically. In some aspects, the request may include fields from a sideline link control information (SCI) message such as SCI-2.

[0095] As indicated by reference numeral 720, the Rx UE 705 can use one or more Rx beams to measure multiple CSI-RS resources. In Example 700, the Rx UE 705 uses a single Rx beam. In some aspects, the Rx UE can use multiple Rx beams. Measurements may include L1-RSRP measurements, L1-SINR measurements, or another form of measurement.

[0096] As indicated by reference numeral 725, Rx UE 705 can transmit and Tx UE 710 can receive first information. The first information may include information about measurements of one or more Tx beams among a plurality of Tx beams. For example, the one or more Tx beams may include K beams, where K may be configurable or signaled by Tx UE 705 or Rx UE 710. In some aspects, the first information may relate to the top K beams, such as a set of K beams among a plurality of Tx beams having the strongest L1-RSRP or the highest L1-SINR. In some aspects, the first information may identify one or more Tx beams, for example, by using an identifier corresponding to the CSI-RS resource of one or more Tx beams. In some aspects, RxUE 705 may select one or more Tx beams, for example, based on L1-RSRP or L1-SINR measurements of one or more Tx beams or a plurality of Tx beams.

[0097] As indicated by reference numeral 730 in the accompanying drawings, the Tx UE 710 can select a Tx beam from a plurality of Tx beams. For example, the Tx UE 710 can select the Tx beam with the best measurement among the plurality of Tx beams. Therefore, the Tx UE 710 can select the Tx beam at least in part based on first information.

[0098] As indicated by reference numeral 735, Tx UE 710 can transmit and Rx UE 705 can receive second information indicating a selected Tx beam. For example, the second information may indicate the TCI state of the selected Tx beam. The TCI state may indicate the beam parameters (e.g., QCL parameters) of the selected Tx beam. In some aspects, the second information may indicate an identifier of the CSI-RS resource corresponding to the selected beam (e.g., the CSI-RS resource on which RS is measured by Rx UE 705). In some aspects, Tx UE 710 may communicate with Rx UE 705 using the selected Tx beam (e.g., by transmitting communication, including the second information, to Rx UE 705 using the selected beam). In some aspects, Tx UE 710 may determine the Rx beam corresponding to the selected Tx beam. For example, if Tx UE 710 supports beam correspondence, Tx UE 710 can use the selected Tx beam (e.g., the spatial parameters of the selected Tx beam, such as QCL parameters or TCI state) to receive communication from Rx UE 705, which can be referred to as communicating with Rx UE 705 using the selected Tx beam.

[0099] As indicated by reference numeral 740, Rx UE 705 can select an Rx beam. For example, Rx UE 705 can select an Rx beam at least in part based on second information. In some aspects, Rx UE 705 can select an Rx beam corresponding to the selected Tx beam indicated by the second information. For example, Rx UE 705 can select an Rx beam for measuring the selected Tx beam. As another example, Rx UE 705 can select a beam corresponding to the selected Tx beam based on the spatial parameters of the selected Tx beam. Rx UE 705 can use the selected Rx beam to communicate with Tx UE 710. For example, Rx UE 705 can use the selected beam to receive communication from Tx UE 710. As another example, if Rx UE 710 supports beam correspondence, Rx UE 705 can use the selected Rx beam (e.g., the spatial parameters of the selected Rx beam, such as QCL parameters or TCI status) to send communication to Tx UE 710, which can be referred to as communicating with Tx UE 710 using the selected Rx beam.

[0100] In some respects, Tx UE 710 and Rx UE 705 can exchange signaling, for example, as in combination. Figure 8As described in Example 800. Alternatively or additionally, in addition to the operations described with respect to Example 700, Tx UE 710 and Rx UE 705 may perform one or more implicit UE-to-UE BM operations, such as those described in Example 700. Figure 6 Example 600 describes one or more operations.

[0101] As indicated above, Figure 7 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 7 As described in [the text].

[0102] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating example 800 of signaling related to a UE-to-UE BM procedure according to this disclosure. Example 800 includes a first UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505, UE 605, UE 610, UE 705, UE 710) and a second UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505, UE 605, UE 610, UE 705, UE 710). In some aspects, the first UE may be a Tx UE, and the second UE may be an Rx UE. In some other aspects, the first UE may be an Rx UE, and the second UE may be a Tx UE. In some aspects, the first UE and the second UE may communicate in FR2, for example, using sidelink signaling.

[0103] As indicated by reference numeral 810, a first UE can transmit and a second UE can receive capability information. The transmission of capability information herein may be referred to as signaling concerning a UE-to-UE BM procedure. In some aspects, the second UE can transmit and the first UE can receive capability information. For example, the first UE and the second UE can exchange capability information. In some aspects, the first UE and / or the second UE can transmit capability information during the establishment of a unicast link between the first UE and the second UE. For example, configuration information exchanged between the first UE and the second UE may include capability information. In some aspects, the first UE and / or the second UE can transmit capability information after the unicast link is established. For example, the first UE and / or the second UE can transmit capability information (e.g., using the source identifier of the source UE and the destination identifier of the destination UE of the capability information) via a unicast link between the first UE and the second UE.

[0104] Capability information can indicate one or more types of UE-to-UE BM procedures supported by the first UE. For example, capability information can indicate whether the first UE supports implicit UE-to-UE BM procedures (such as regarding...). Figure 6 As described. As another example, capability information can indicate whether the first UE supports explicit UE-to-UE BM procedures (such as regarding...). Figure 7 (As described). As another example, capability information can indicate whether the first UE supports both explicit UE-to-UE BM procedures and implicit UE-to-UE BM procedures.

[0105] As indicated by reference numeral 820, in some aspects, the second UE can transmit and the first UE can receive information indicating the mobility state of the second UE. Alternatively, the first UE can transmit and the second UE can receive information indicating the mobility state of the first UE. In some aspects, the mobility state can indicate whether the UE is expected to move or change orientation. Alternatively, the mobility state can indicate whether the UE is currently in motion or rotation. Alternatively, the mobility state can indicate the type of UE (e.g., the mobility state can indicate whether the UE is a fixed sidelink UE (such as a sidelink relay UE, roadside unit, or sidelink hub UE), whether the UE is attached to a stationary object or a moving object (such as a vehicle), or whether the UE is a smartphone expected to move or change orientation or another type of UE). In some aspects, capability information can be based at least in part on the mobility state. Alternatively, the capability information can be based at least in part on whether the UE supports beamforming. For example, a mobile UE supporting beamforming can transmit information indicating that the mobile UE only supports implicit UE-to-UE BM procedures. In some aspects, the UE may use mobility sensors or mobility measurements to determine its own mobility state (e.g., if a mobility sensor or mobility threshold indicates movement at least at a threshold level, the UE may determine that it is a mobile UE). Alternatively, the UE may determine its own mobility state at least in part based on configuration (e.g., the UE's pre-configuration). The first UE and / or the second UE may use information indicating the mobility state to select the type of UE-to-UE BM procedure, as described below.

[0106] As indicated by reference numeral 830 in the accompanying drawings, the first UE and the second UE can perform an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. For example, the first UE and the second UE can perform procedures regarding... Figure 7The description describes an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. In some aspects, either the first UE or the second UE can choose to perform an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. For example, if both the first UE and the second UE support an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure, then either the first UE or the second UE can choose to perform an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. As another example, if the motion state of the first UE or the second UE indicates that either the first UE or the second UE is stationary (or associated with motion below a threshold level), then either the first UE or the second UE can choose to perform an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. In some aspects, the first UE can send and the second UE can receive information instructing the execution of an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure, such as a request related to the explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure, such as in conjunction with... Figure 7 As described.

[0107] As indicated by reference numeral 840 in the accompanying drawings, the first UE and the second UE can perform an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. Therefore, the first UE and the second UE can switch from an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure to an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. In some aspects, the first UE or the second UE can switch the type of UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on motion state. For example, the UE (e.g., the first UE or the second UE) can determine that the motion state of the UE or another UE (e.g., the second UE or the first UE) has changed, for example, at least in part based on signaling from the other UE. The UE can switch the type of UE-to-UE BM procedure based on the change in motion state. For example, if the UE moves from a stationary motion state to a moving motion state, the UE can switch from an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure to an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. In some aspects, if the channel quality degrades below a threshold, the UE can switch to an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure, which can reduce the occurrence of missed communications related to BM due to poor channel quality.

[0108] When a first UE supports both implicit UE-to-UE BM procedures and explicit UE-to-UE BM procedures, the first UE can execute either the implicit or explicit UE BM procedure. For example, the first UE can initiate an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure by periodically triggering L1-RSRP or L1-SINR reports from the second UE. As another example, the first UE can request the second UE to assist its implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure by sending multiple CSI-RS resources with beam repetition. As yet another example, the first UE can switch between explicit and implicit BM types, at least in part, based on the mobility state of the second UE. For example, when the second UE is in a low mobility state, the first UE can choose an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. When the second UE is in a high mobility state, the first UE can choose an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure. As described above, the second UE can indicate its mobility state (e.g., low mobility vs. high mobility), which can help the first UE select the type of UE-to-UE BM procedure.

[0109] Table 1 below provides an example overview of the BM type selection and BM actions of the first UE (UE1) and the second UE (UE2) under the assumption of different capabilities of the first UE and the selected BM type of the first UE:

[0110]

[0111] Table 1

[0112] As indicated above, Figure 8 This is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from the one provided. Figure 8 As described in [the text]. For example... Figure 8 The first UE or the second UE may additionally or alternatively perform the following actions regarding Figure 6 Example 600 Figure 7 Example 700 or Figure 9 Example 900 describes any one or more actions. As another example, although... Figure 8 It mainly describes the signaling that supports explicit and implicit BM procedures, but Figure 8 The signaling may also include capability signaling or mobility status information related to the hybrid UE-to-UE BM process, such as Figure 9 As described in [the document]. Furthermore, any description of signaling related to a type of UE-to-UE BM procedure may also include signaling related to a hybrid UE-to-UE BM procedure, or BM using a type of UE-to-UE BM procedure may also include BM using a hybrid UE-to-UE BM procedure, such as [example missing]. Figure 9 As described in [the text].

[0113] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating Example 900 of a hybrid UE-to-UE BM process according to this disclosure. Example 900 includes a first UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505, UE 605, UE 610, UE 705, UE 710, ...). Figure 8 The first UE) and the second UE (e.g., UE120, UE405, UE505, UE605, UE610, UE705, UE710, Figure 8 The second UE).

[0114] like Figure 9 As shown and via reference numeral 910, a first UE can transmit and a second UE can receive signaling including a request to transmit a number of CSI-RS resources. The request may include a first indication of the number of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam (e.g., the number of repetitions of the CSI-RS resources) (M) and a second indication of the number of beams to be transmitted (N). For example, the request may indicate the transmission of M×N CSI-RS resources, wherein there are M repetitions on each of the N Tx beams.

[0115] As shown by reference numeral 920, the second UE can transmit multiple CSI-RS resources according to signaling. For example, the second UE can transmit the stated number M CSI-RS resources per beam (e.g., repeating) for each of N beams. For example, if M is 2 and N is 4, the second UE can transmit a total of 8 CSI-RS resources: 2 on the first beam, 2 on the second beam, 3 on the third beam, and 2 on the fourth beam. In some aspects, the UE can select N beams. For example, the UE can select N Tx beams for scanning for CSI-RS resource transmission.

[0116] As indicated by reference numeral 930, a first UE can use a number of receive beams to measure the number of CSI-RS resources (M) for the number of Tx beams (N). The number of receive beams can include, for example, any number of receive beams between 1 and M×N, including both 1 and M×N. In some aspects, the first UE can select the number of receive beams. Alternatively or concurrently, the first UE can select specific receive beams to be measured. For example, the first UE can determine beam parameters for a set of beams used to measure multiple CSI-RS resources.

[0117] As indicated by reference numeral 940, the first UE can transmit information indicating the selected Tx beam among N Tx beams (e.g., a third indication). For example, the first UE can select the Tx beam at least partially based on measurements (e.g., the Tx beam with the strongest L1-RSRP, the Tx beam with the highest L1-SINR). As another example, the first UE can select the Tx beam at least partially based on a preferred Rx beam. For example, the first UE can select the Tx beam associated with the best measurement on its preferred Rx beam. Therefore, the first UE can select the selected Tx beam for the second UE at least partially based on its selected beam pair. The information indicating the selected Tx beam may include, for example, information indicating the TCI state of the selected Tx beam, information indicating the CSI-RS resource of the selected Tx beam, etc.

[0118] As indicated by reference numeral 950 in the accompanying drawings, the first UE and the second UE can communicate. For example, the first UE and the second UE can communicate at least in part based on a selected Tx beam or a selected Rx beam. In some aspects, the first UE can use the selected Rx beam to receive communication transmitted by the second UE using the selected Tx beam. In some aspects, if the first UE supports beam correspondence, the first UE can use the selected Rx beam (e.g., the beam parameters of the selected Rx beam, as described elsewhere in this document regarding beam correspondence) to transmit communication. In some aspects, if the second UE supports beam correspondence, the second UE can use the selected Tx beam (e.g., the beam parameters of the selected Tx beam, as described elsewhere in this document regarding beam correspondence) to receive communication.

[0119] As indicated above, Figure 9 This is provided as an example. Other examples are about... Figure 9 Described.

[0120] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000 performed by a UE, for example, according to this disclosure. Example process 1000 is a UE (e.g., UE 120, UE 405, UE 505, UE 605, UE 610, UE 705, UE 710, etc.). Figure 8 An example of the first UE (and / or 9) performing operations associated with the UE-to-UE BM process.

[0121] like Figure 10 As shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include: sending signaling regarding the UE-to-UEBM process supported by the UE (block 1010). For example, the UE (e.g., using a UE-to-UEBM process supported by the UE) may send signaling regarding the UE-to-UEBM process supported by the UE. Figure 11The transmitting component 1104 and / or communication manager 1106 depicted herein can transmit signaling regarding a UE-to-UE BM procedure supported by the UE, as described above. The signaling may include CSI-RS transmissions, requests to perform CSI-RS transmissions to another UE, capability signaling, information indicating mobility status, or configuration indicating the number of CSI-RS resources and / or the number of beams transmitting said number of CSI-RS sources thereon, as described herein.

[0122] like Figure 10 As further shown, in some aspects, process 1000 may include: performing a UE-to-UE BM procedure at least partially based on signaling (block 1020). For example, the UE (e.g., using...) Figure 11 The communication manager 1106 described herein can perform UE-to-UE BM procedures at least partially based on signaling, as described herein. The UE-to-UE BM procedure can be an implicit UE-to-UE BM procedure, an explicit UE-to-UE BM procedure, or a hybrid UE-to-UE BM procedure, such as combining... Figure 6 , 7 As described in 9.

[0123] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination thereof described in the following text and / or in conjunction with one or more other process descriptions elsewhere in this document.

[0124] In the first aspect, the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a request to another UE to use a single transmit beam to transmit multiple CSI-RS resources.

[0125] In the second aspect, either alone or in combination with the first aspect, the request is a non-periodic request.

[0126] In the third aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects of the first and second aspects, the request is a periodic request.

[0127] In the fourth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third aspects, the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes multiple CSI-RS resources corresponding to multiple transmit beams.

[0128] In the fifth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourth aspects, the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure also includes a request for information regarding measurements of one or more of the multiple transmit beams.

[0129] In the sixth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth aspects, the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure also includes information indicating the selected beam among a plurality of transmit beams, which is at least partially based on a plurality of CSI-RS resources.

[0130] In the seventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth aspects, the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes capability information indicating one or more types of UE-to-UE BM procedures supported by the UE.

[0131] In the eighth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventh aspects, sending signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure also includes sending signaling during or after the establishment of a unicast link between the UE and another UE.

[0132] In the ninth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth aspects, the UE to UE BM process is a first UE to UE BM process, and process 1000 includes: switching to a second UE to UE BM process based at least in part on a first mobility state of the UE or a second mobility state of another UE associated with the UE to UE BM process.

[0133] In the tenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to the ninth aspects, the first UE to UE BM process is one of an implicit UE to UE BM process or an explicit UE to UE BM process, and the second UE to UE BM process is the other of an implicit UE to UE BM process or an explicit UE to UE BM process.

[0134] In the eleventh aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to tenth aspects, process 1000 includes: receiving information indicating a second mobility state.

[0135] In the twelfth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eleventh aspects, the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a first indication of the number of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam and a second indication of the number of beams used for the UE-to-UE BM procedure.

[0136] In the thirteenth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to twelfth aspects, the signaling also includes a third indication of a preferred beam among the said number of beams.

[0137] In the fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to thirteenth aspects, the signaling further includes sending a request to the second UE to transmit multiple CSI-RS resources using a single transmit beam, wherein performing the UE-to-UE BM procedure further includes: measuring multiple CSI-RS resources using multiple receive beams; and communicating with the second UE using a selected receive beam from the multiple receive beams, at least in part based on the measurement of the multiple CSI-RS resources.

[0138] In the fifteenth aspect, communication with the selected UE using the selected receiving beam, alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fourteenth aspects, further includes: using the selected receiving beam to transmit or receive communication.

[0139] In the sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to the fifteenth aspects, the signaling transmission further includes: transmitting multiple CSI-RS resources using multiple transmit beams, and performing a UE-to-UE BM procedure including: receiving information from the second UE about measurements of one or more of the multiple transmit beams, and selecting a beam for communicating with the second UE in part based on the measurements of one or more of the multiple transmit beams.

[0140] In the seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to the sixteenth aspects, one or more beams include the top one or more of a plurality of transmit beams.

[0141] In the eighteenth aspect, communicating with the second UE using the selected beam, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to seventeenth aspects, further includes using the selected beam to transmit or receive communications.

[0142] In the nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more aspects from the first to the eighteenth aspects, process 1000 includes: sending information indicating the selected beam to the second UE.

[0143] In the twentieth aspect, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to nineteenth aspects, the signaling regarding the UE to UE BM procedure includes a first indication of the number of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam and a second indication of the number of transmit beams used for the UE to UE BM procedure, and performing the UE to UE BM procedure further includes: using a number of receive beams to measure the number of CSI-RS resources for the number of transmit beams, transmitting a third indication of a selected beam among the number of transmit beams, and communicating using the selected beam.

[0144] although Figure 10This diagram shows an example box of process 1000, but in some aspects, process 1000 may include... Figure 10 The boxes depicted are compared to additional boxes, fewer boxes, different boxes, or boxes with different arrangements. Alternatively, two or more boxes of process 1000 can be executed in parallel.

[0145] Figure 11 This is a diagram of an example device 1100 for wireless communication according to the present disclosure. Device 1100 may be a UE, or a UE may include device 1100. In some aspects, device 1100 includes a receiving component 1102, a transmitting component 1104, and / or a communication manager 1106, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). In some aspects, the communication manager 1106 is combined with... Figure 1 The communication manager 140 is described. As shown, device 1100 can communicate with another device 1108, such as a UE or network node (e.g., CU, DU, RU or base station), using receiving component 1102 and transmitting component 1104.

[0146] In some respects, device 1100 can be configured to perform the functions described herein. Figure 4-9 One or more operations described herein. Alternatively or concurrently, device 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein (e.g., Figure 10 The process 1000) or a combination thereof. In some respects, Figure 11 The device 1100 and / or one or more components shown may include a combination Figure 2 One or more components of the UE as described. Alternatively or alternatively, Figure 11 One or more components shown can be combined Figure 2 The description is implemented within one or more components. Alternatively, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented, at least partially, as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0147] Receiver 1102 may receive communications from device 1108, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. Receiver 1102 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of device 1100. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may perform signal processing on the received communications (e.g., filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of device 1100. In some aspects, receiver 1102 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof.

[0148] Transmitting component 1104 can transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof, to device 1108. In some aspects, one or more other components of device 1100 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 1104 for transmission to device 1108. In some aspects, transmitting component 1104 can perform signal processing (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding) on ​​the generated communications and can transmit the processed signals to device 1108. In some aspects, transmitting component 1104 may include combinations of... Figure 2 The described UE includes one or more antennas, modems, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof. In some aspects, the transmit component 1104 may be co-located with the receive component 1102 in a transceiver.

[0149] The communication manager 1106 can support the operation of the receiving component 1102 and / or the transmitting component 1104. For example, the communication manager 1106 can receive information associated with configuring the communication reception of the receiving component 1102 and / or the communication transmission of the transmitting component 1104. Alternatively, the communication manager 1106 can generate control information and / or provide control information to the receiving component 1102 and / or the transmitting component 1104 to control the reception and / or transmission of communication.

[0150] The transmitting component 1104 can transmit signaling regarding a UE-to-UE BM procedure supported by the UE. The communication manager 1106 can perform the UE-to-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling.

[0151] The receiving component 1102 can receive information indicating a second mobility state.

[0152] The transmitting component 1104 can transmit information indicating the selected beam to the second UE.

[0153] Figure 11 The number and arrangement of components shown are provided as an example. In practice, different arrangements may exist. Figure 11 The components shown are compared to additional components, fewer components, different components, or components with different arrangements. Furthermore, Figure 11 The two or more components shown can be implemented within a single component, or Figure 11 The single component described herein can be implemented as multiple distributed components. Alternatively, Figure 11 The collection of (one or more) components shown can perform actions described as being performed by Figure 11 The other set of components shown performs one or more functions.

[0154] The following provides an overview of some aspects of this disclosure:

[0155] Aspect 1: A wireless communication method performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: transmitting signaling regarding a UE-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the UE; and performing the UE-UE BM procedure at least in part based on the signaling.

[0156] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, wherein the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a request to another UE to use a single transmit beam to transmit multiple Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources.

[0157] Aspect 3: According to the method of aspect 2, wherein the request is a non-periodic request.

[0158] Aspect 4: According to the method described in aspect 2, wherein the request is a periodic request.

[0159] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-4, wherein the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes multiple Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) resources corresponding to multiple transmit beams.

[0160] Aspect 6: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure further includes a request for information regarding measurements of one or more of the plurality of transmit beams.

[0161] Aspect 7: According to the method of aspect 5, wherein the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure further includes information indicating a selected beam among the plurality of transmit beams, at least in part based on the plurality of CSI-RS resources.

[0162] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of aspects 1-7, wherein the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes capability information indicating one or more types of UE-to-UE BM procedures supported by the UE.

[0163] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 8, the sending of the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure further includes sending the signaling during or after the establishment of a unicast link between the UE and another UE.

[0164] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 1-9, wherein the UE to UE BM process is a first UE to UE BM process, and wherein the method further comprises: switching to a second UE to UE BM process at least in part based on a first mobility state of the UE or a second mobility state of another UE associated with the UE to UE BM process.

[0165] Aspect 11: According to the method of aspect 10, wherein the first UE to UE BM process is one of an implicit UE to UE BM process or an explicit UE to UE BM process, and the second UE to UE BM process is the other of the implicit UE to UE BM process or the explicit UE to UE BM process.

[0166] Aspect 12: The method according to aspect 10 further includes: receiving information indicating the second mobility state.

[0167] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 1-12, wherein the signaling regarding the UE to UE BM procedure includes a first indication of the number of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam and a second indication of the number of beams used for the UE to UE BM procedure.

[0168] Aspect 14: The method according to aspect 13, wherein the signaling further includes a third indication of a preferred beam among the number of beams.

[0169] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of aspects 1-14, wherein sending the signaling further includes sending a request to the second UE to send a plurality of Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources using a single transmit beam, wherein performing the UE-to-UE BM procedure further includes: measuring the plurality of CSI-RS resources using a plurality of receive beams; and communicating with the second UE using a selected receive beam from the plurality of receive beams, at least in part based on the measurement of the plurality of CSI-RS resources.

[0170] Aspect 16: According to the method of aspect 15, communicating with the selected UE using the selected receiving beam further includes: using the selected receiving beam to transmit or receive communication.

[0171] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of aspects 1-16, wherein transmitting the signaling further includes: transmitting multiple channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resources using multiple transmit beams, and wherein performing the UE to UEBM procedure includes: receiving from the second UE information about measurements of one or more of the multiple transmit beams; and selecting a beam for communicating with the second UE, in part based on the measurements of one or more of the multiple transmit beams.

[0172] Aspect 18: The method according to aspect 17, wherein the one or more beams include the top one or more of the plurality of transmit beams.

[0173] Aspect 19: According to the method of aspect 17, communicating with the second UE using the selected beam further includes: using the selected beam to transmit or receive communication.

[0174] Aspect 20: The method according to aspect 17 further includes: sending information indicating the selected beam to the second UE.

[0175] Aspect 21: The method according to any one of aspects 1-20, wherein the signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a first indication of the number of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam and a second indication of the number of transmit beams for the UE-to-UE BM procedure, and wherein performing the UE-to-UE BM procedure further includes: using a number of receive beams to measure the number of CSI-RS resources for the number of transmit beams; transmitting a third indication of a selected beam among the number of transmit beams; and communicating using the selected beam.

[0176] Aspect 22: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-21.

[0177] Aspect 23: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of aspects 1-21.

[0178] Aspect 24: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to one or more of aspects 1-21.

[0179] Aspect 25: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the methods described in accordance with one or more of aspects 1-21.

[0180] Aspect 26: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions which, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more aspects of aspects 1-21.

[0181] The above disclosure provides illustrations and descriptions, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations can be made based on the above disclosure, or from various practices.

[0182] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be broadly interpreted as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, "software" should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions. As used herein, a "processor" is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual dedicated control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not a limitation in any respect. Therefore, the operation and behavior of systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, as those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement systems and / or methods, at least in part, based on the descriptions herein.

[0183] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can refer to a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0184] Even if a specific combination of features is recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, such combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of the aspects. Many of these features can be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of the aspects includes combinations of each dependent claim with each other claim in the claim set. As used herein, the phrase “at least one” in the list of items refers to any combination of these items, including single members. For example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a+b, a+c, b+c, and a+b+c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a+a, a+a+a, a+a+b, a+a+c, a+b+b, a+c+c, b+b, b+b+b, b+b+c, c+c, and c+c+c, or any other order of a, b, and c).

[0185] Unless explicitly stated otherwise, no element, action, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or necessary. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “one” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Additionally, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in conjunction with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “collection” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” In cases where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit the elements they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Additionally, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or” unless otherwise explicitly stated (e.g., if used in combination with “any” or “only one of them”).

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: Memory; as well as One or more processors coupled to the memory, the one or more processors being configured to: Sending signaling regarding the UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the UE; and The UE-to-UE BM procedure is performed at least in part based on the signaling.

2. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a request to another UE to use a single transmit beam to transmit multiple Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources.

3. The UE according to claim 2, wherein, The request is a non-periodic request.

4. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The signaling for the UE-to-UE BM process includes multiple Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) resources corresponding to multiple transmit beams.

5. The UE according to claim 4, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure also includes a request for information regarding measurements of one or more of the plurality of transmit beams.

6. The UE according to claim 4, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure also includes information indicating a selected beam among the plurality of transmit beams, at least in part based on the plurality of CSI-RS resources.

7. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes capability information indicating one or more types of UE-to-UE BM procedures supported by the UE.

8. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The UE-to-UE BM process is a first UE-to-UE BM process, and wherein the one or more processors are configured to switch to a second UE-to-UE BM process at least in part based on a first mobility state of the UE or a second mobility state of another UE associated with the UE-to-UE BM process.

9. The UE according to claim 8, wherein, The first UE to UE BM process is either an implicit UE to UE BM process or an explicit UE to UE BM process, and the second UE to UE BM process is either the implicit UE to UE BM process or the explicit UE to UE BM process.

10. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a first indication of the number of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam and a second indication of the number of beams used for the UE-to-UE BM procedure.

11. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, Sending the signaling also includes sending a request to the second UE to use a single transmit beam to transmit multiple Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources, wherein, in order to perform the UE-to-UEBM procedure, the one or more processors are configured to: The multiple CSI-RS resources are measured using multiple receiving beams; and The second UE is communicated using a selected receive beam from among the plurality of receive beams, based at least in part on measurements of the plurality of CSI-RS resources.

12. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, In order to transmit the signaling, the one or more processors are configured to: use multiple transmit beams to transmit multiple Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources, and wherein, in order to perform the UE-to-UE BM procedure, the one or more processors are configured to: Receive information from the second UE regarding measurements of one or more of the plurality of transmit beams; and The beam used for communicating with the second UE is selected in part based on the measurements of one or more of the plurality of transmit beams.

13. The UE according to claim 12, wherein, In order to communicate with the second UE using the selected beam, the one or more processors are configured to send or receive communications using the selected beam.

14. The UE according to claim 12, wherein, The one or more processors are further configured to send information indicating the selected beam to the second UE.

15. The UE according to claim 1, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a first indication of the amount of CSI-RS resources to be transmitted per beam and a second indication of the number of transmission beams for the UE-to-UE BM procedure, and wherein, in order to perform the UE-to-UE BM procedure, the one or more processors are configured to: A number of receive beams are used to measure the number of CSI-RS resources for the number of transmit beams; Send a third indication of the selected beam among the stated number of transmit beams; and Use the selected beam for communication.

16. A method for wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising: Send signaling regarding the UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the UE; as well as The UE-to-UE BM procedure is performed at least in part based on the signaling.

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a request to another UE to use a single transmit beam to transmit multiple Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources.

18. The method according to claim 16, wherein, The signaling for the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes multiple Channel State Information Reference Signals (CSI-RS) resources corresponding to multiple transmit beams.

19. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set comprising: One or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to perform the following operations: Sending signaling regarding the UE-to-UE beam maintenance (BM) procedure supported by the UE; and The UE-to-UE BM procedure is performed at least in part based on the signaling.

20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to claim 19, wherein, The signaling regarding the UE-to-UE BM procedure includes a request to another UE to use a single transmit beam to transmit multiple Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) resources.

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