Tool for marking and positioning tenon bottom surface of dovetail-shaped tenon blade and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool for identifying and positioning the tenon bottom surface of a dovetail-type tenon blade and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of aviation blade machining. The tool comprises a bottom plate. A positioning block is arranged on the bottom plate along one side of the transverse shaft, and a movable positioning block is slidably arranged on the other side of the transverse shaft; the movable positioning block is provided with a transverse driving device; a baffle is movably arranged on the bottom plate along one side of the longitudinal shaft, and a longitudinal driving device is arranged on the baffle; a pressing plate is movably arranged above the movable positioning block and is connected with a vertical driving device; the structure of a positioning molded surface formed by the positioning block and the movable positioning block is matched with the structure of the bottom surface of a tenon to be identified; and the distance between the top surfaces of the positioning block and the movable positioning block and the bottom plate is equal to the maximum size and the safety coefficient of the processed dovetail-shaped tenon blade. The tool can adapt to dovetail-shaped tenon blades of different sizes, and the problem that multiple sets of tools are needed for positioning when the blades of different sizes are marked is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace blade processing technology, and relates to a tooling and method for positioning the bottom surface of the tenon of a dovetail tenon blade. Background Technology

[0002] Blades are among the most numerous and crucial components of an aero-engine. They can be categorized according to various standards: based on whether they move during operation, they can be classified as moving blades and stationary blades; based on function, they can be divided into compressor blades and turbine blades. Different blades have different functions and employ different structures. The dovetail tenon blade is particularly special. After machining, the dovetail tenon blade achieves its final spatial geometry and dimensions. According to relevant technical requirements, to facilitate management and traceability and prevent batch mixing and untraceability issues, part numbers and batch serial numbers must be marked on the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon, as required by the design documents. The blade can be divided into three main parts: the blade body, the rim plate, and the tenon. The blade body has a complex spatial profile, the rim plate is an irregular parallelogram shape, and the tenon has a dovetail cross-section. The blade body and tenon are connected by the rim plate at a specific spatial position. When marking part numbers and batch serial numbers, the bottom surface of the blade tenon must be placed horizontally.

[0003] When using an automatic marking machine, each marking position must be unique and repeatable with an accuracy error of no more than 0.2mm. This effectively avoids quality problems such as missed markings, incorrect markings, incorrect marking positions, and markings that are too dark or too light. However, for various models of dovetail tenons with different blade lengths and tenon sizes, multiple sets of tooling are required. When using manual marking, parts are placed on a workbench, and the operator uses a handheld pneumatic pen for marking. Advantages include ease of operation and strong adaptability; however, the following disadvantages exist: 1. Marking positions are not unique; 2. Prone to incorrect or missed markings; 3. Unstable quality, as some markings are difficult to identify due to varying operator skills; 4. Inconsistent marking depth, easily causing quality problems; 5. High skill requirements for operators; 6. When using fixed tooling, a large number of tooling fixtures are needed, resulting in low efficiency; 7. Difficulty in tracing quality problems. These problems have long existed, seriously affecting production delivery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems in the prior art where the placement of parts is not unique and multiple sets of tooling are required for positioning of parts with different geometric sizes when marking the part information on the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade after machining. This invention provides a tooling and method for marking and positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a tooling for marking and positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade, comprising a base plate; a positioning block is provided on one side of the base plate along a horizontal axis, and a movable positioning block is slidably provided on the other side of the horizontal axis; the movable positioning block is provided with a transverse driving device; a baffle is movably provided on one side of the base plate along a longitudinal axis, and a longitudinal driving device is provided on the baffle; a pressure plate is movably provided above the movable positioning block, and the pressure plate is connected to a vertical driving device; the structure of the positioning profile formed by the positioning block and the movable positioning block is adapted to the structure of the bottom surface of the tenon to be marked; the distance between the top surface of the positioning block and the movable positioning block and the base plate is the maximum size of the dovetail tenon blade being processed plus a safety factor.

[0006] Further improvements are made in the following aspects: The base plate is provided with a connection hole for connecting to the marking and positioning workbench; the positioning block is a Z-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the Z-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the base plate, and a recessed platform is provided on the positioning surface located on the top end face to avoid interference.

[0007] The movable positioning block is a Z-shaped structure composed of a bottom flange edge, a support plate, and a top flange edge; the support plate is provided with a long groove; the bottom flange edge is provided with an oblong long groove and a concave groove; the top flange edge is provided with a top flange through hole; The bottom flange is provided with guide plates fixedly connected to the base plate on both sides, and the movable positioning block moves in the guide groove formed by the guide plates on both sides; a positioning connector is movably arranged in the waist-shaped groove.

[0008] The lateral drive device includes a support fixedly connected to the base plate, and a first round-headed clamping screw is movably connected in the support, with the free end of the first round-headed clamping screw disposed in the concave groove.

[0009] The longitudinal drive device includes a bracket fixedly connected to the base plate, and a baffle is movably connected to the bracket by a stepped screw; a second round-headed clamping screw is movably disposed on the bracket, and the free end of the second round-headed clamping screw contacts the baffle.

[0010] The pressure plate is a T-shaped structure consisting of a top plate and a handle; the lower end of the handle is a U-shaped groove structure with concentric pin holes on both sides; the top plate is provided with a thinning structure and an interference groove; the handle is movably connected in the through hole of the top flange.

[0011] The vertical drive device includes a compression spring and a small washer sleeved on the handle; the U-shaped groove structure is movably connected to a hinge plate, which is movably disposed in a long groove provided on the support plate; a handle is provided at the free end of the hinge plate.

[0012] Several welding handles are provided on the base plate.

[0013] The base plate, positioning block, movable positioning block, pressure plate, and baffle are all made of quenched and tempered 45 steel.

[0014] Secondly, this invention discloses a method of using the above-mentioned tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade, comprising: The lateral drive mechanism is used to move the movable positioning block on the base plate away from the positioning block; the vertical drive mechanism is used to move the pressure plate upward. Insert the bottom surface of the tenon to be marked into the fixture along the guide direction formed by the positioning surface of the positioning block and the movable positioning block; The lateral drive device is used to move the movable positioning block on the base plate toward the positioning block until the positioning surface of the movable positioning block is tightly engaged with the tenon surface, thus achieving positioning of the tenon in the width direction together with the positioning block. The vertical drive device is used to move the pressure plate downward, pressing and fixing the tenon onto the positioning surface of the positioning block and the movable positioning block; The longitudinal drive device is used to push the baffle towards the tenon until the end face of the baffle is in close contact with the end face of the tenon, thereby positioning the tenon in the length direction and fixing the blade for subsequent marking of the bottom surface of the tenon.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention discloses a fixture for marking and positioning the bottom surface of dovetail tenon blades. Through a positioning surface adapted to the tenon bottom surface structure, formed by a positioning block and a movable positioning block, it effectively solves the problem of inconsistent part placement when marking the bottom surface of dovetail tenon blades after machining. This ensures that the part is in an accurate and unique position each time it is marked, improving the accuracy of the marking. The movable positioning block is slidably set and equipped with a lateral drive device. Combined with a baffle movable on one side of the longitudinal axis and equipped with a longitudinal drive device, this floating structure allows the fixture to adapt to dovetail tenon blades of different sizes. This solves the problem of needing multiple sets of fixtures for marking blades of different sizes, achieving the merging and standardization of fixtures, reducing production costs and the difficulty of fixture management. The simplified overall structure of the fixture allows for more convenient and faster clamping of parts during operation, reducing clamping time and improving work efficiency. The design of this tooling reduces the skill requirements of operators. Operators do not need to have advanced technical skills or extensive experience to complete the marking and positioning of parts, which reduces the occurrence of mismarking or omissions caused by differences in personnel skills and operational errors, and further improves the stability and reliability of the production process.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning block adopts a Z-shaped structure, with its bottom surface fixed to the base plate. This structure enhances the stability and strength of the positioning block, making it less prone to deformation when subjected to blade positioning pressure. The recessed platform design on the top end face positioning profile cleverly avoids interference with other components or the blade itself during the positioning process, ensuring smooth and accurate positioning and allowing the blade to be precisely placed on the positioning profile. The movable positioning block also adopts a Z-shaped structure with clearly defined functions for each part. The bottom flange provides the connection base to the base plate, the support plate supports and connects the upper and lower parts, and the top flange is used to cooperate with other components such as the pressure plate. This structure allows the movable positioning block to move flexibly within the tooling while maintaining its own strength, adapting to the positioning requirements of blades of different sizes.

[0017] Furthermore, the guide groove formed by the guide plates on both sides of the bottom flange provides precise guidance for the movement of the movable positioning block, ensuring that the movable positioning block always maintains a straight line during the movement, avoiding offset and shaking, improving the accuracy and stability of the movement of the movable positioning block, and thus ensuring the accuracy of blade positioning.

[0018] Furthermore, the first round-headed clamping screw is movably connected in the support, with its free end positioned within the concave groove of the movable positioning block. This design allows the movable positioning block to be easily moved laterally on the base plate by rotating the screw, making operation simple and convenient. The round-headed design reduces friction and wear between the screw and the movable positioning block, extending the service life of the components, while also ensuring the smoothness of the driving process and avoiding problems such as driving difficulties or inaccurate positioning caused by excessive friction.

[0019] Furthermore, the thinning structure of the top plate can reduce the weight of the pressure plate while ensuring its strength, thereby reducing the overall load on the tooling and facilitating manual operation of the pressure plate. The interference groove design avoids interference between the pressure plate and other components or the blades themselves during the clamping process, ensuring that the pressure plate can smoothly clamp the blades and improving the accuracy and reliability of the clamping operation.

[0020] This invention discloses a method for using a fixture for positioning and marking the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade. The method details and systematically specifies the sequence of each operation, from moving the movable positioning block and raising / lowering the pressure plate to inserting the blade and achieving positioning in various directions. Operators only need to follow the steps sequentially to smoothly complete the positioning and fixing of the blade, requiring no complex operating skills or experience, greatly reducing the operational difficulty and allowing operators of different skill levels to quickly learn. The movable positioning block and the positioning plate together achieve positioning in the tenon width direction, while the baffle plate achieves positioning in the tenon length direction. This multi-directional precise positioning method ensures that the blade is in an accurate and stable position within the fixture. During subsequent marking of the bottom surface of the tenon, it effectively avoids marking errors caused by blade position deviations, improving the accuracy and consistency of marking and ensuring product quality. A vertical drive device controls the downward movement of the pressure plate to clamp and fix the tenon. This automatic clamping method maintains the stability of the blade during the marking process, preventing it from moving or shaking due to external forces or vibrations. This avoids problems such as blurry or misaligned markings caused by blade instability, further improving processing quality and marking effect. The movable positioning block can move laterally, adjusting the distance between the positioning block and the dovetail tenon blade of different sizes to accommodate tenons of varying widths. Simultaneously, the baffle can move longitudinally to accommodate blades of different lengths. This design allows the method to be widely applied to the marking and positioning of dovetail tenon blades of various specifications, eliminating the need for multiple sets of tooling and operating methods for different blade sizes. This improves the versatility and efficiency of tooling, and reduces production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view of the base plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the base plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4This is a perspective view of the base plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a perspective view of a positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a front view of a positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a side view of a positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a top view of a positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a perspective view of a movable positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a front view of a movable positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 This is a side view of a movable positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a top view of a movable positioning block in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 13 This is a perspective view of a tooling guide plate for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 14 This is a front view of a guide plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 15 This is a side view of a guide plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 16 This is a front view of the handle in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a perspective view of a pressure plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 18 This is a front view of a pressure plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 19This is a side view of a pressure plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 20 This is a top view of a pressure plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 21 This is a perspective view of a hinge plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 22 This is a front view of a hinge plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 23 This is a top view of a hinge plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 24 This is a perspective view of a bracket in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 25 This is a front view of a bracket in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 26 This is a top view of a bracket in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 27 This is a perspective view of a support in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 28 This is a front view of a support in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 29 This is a side view of a support in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 30 This is a perspective view of a baffle plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 31 This is a front view of a baffle plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 32 This is a side view of a baffle plate in a tooling for positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Wherein: 1-base plate; 2-positioning block; 3-movable positioning block; 4-guide plate; 5-handle; 6-pressure plate; 7-hinge plate; 8-bracket; 9-support; 10-baffle; 11-first round head clamping screw; 12-small washer; 13-compression spring; 14-welded handle; 15-cylindrical pin; 16-hex socket head cap screw; 17-second round head clamping screw; 18-stepped screw; 31-top flange through hole; 32-waisted long groove; 33-concave groove; 34-bottom flange edge; 35-support plate; 36-top. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "horizontal," or "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] Furthermore, the use of the term "horizontal" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: See Figure 1 This invention discloses a tooling for marking and positioning the bottom surface of a dovetail tenon blade, comprising a base plate 1; a positioning block 2 is provided on one side of the base plate 1 along a horizontal axis, and a movable positioning block 3 is slidably provided on the other side of the horizontal axis; the movable positioning block 3 is provided with a transverse driving device; a baffle 10 is movably provided on one side of the base plate 1 along a longitudinal axis, and a longitudinal driving device is provided on the baffle 10; a pressure plate 6 is movably provided above the movable positioning block 3, and the pressure plate 6 is connected to a vertical driving device; the structure of the positioning profile formed by the positioning block 2 and the movable positioning block 3 is adapted to the structure of the bottom surface of the tenon to be marked; the distance between the top surface of the positioning block 2 and the movable positioning block 3 and the base plate 1 is the maximum size of the dovetail tenon blade being processed plus a safety factor. Several welding handles 14 are provided on the base plate 1. The base plate 1, positioning block 2, movable positioning block 3, pressure plate 6, and baffle 10 are all made of quenched and tempered 45 steel.

[0031] This invention discloses a fixture for marking and positioning the bottom surface of dovetail tenon blades. Through a positioning surface adapted to the tenon bottom surface structure, formed by a positioning block and a movable positioning block, it effectively solves the problem of inconsistent part placement when marking the bottom surface of dovetail tenon blades after machining. This ensures that the part is in an accurate and unique position each time it is marked, improving the accuracy of the marking. The movable positioning block is slidably set and equipped with a lateral drive device. Combined with a baffle movable on one side of the longitudinal axis and equipped with a longitudinal drive device, this floating structure allows the fixture to adapt to dovetail tenon blades of different sizes. This solves the problem of needing multiple sets of fixtures for marking blades of different sizes, achieving the merging and standardization of fixtures, reducing production costs and the difficulty of fixture management. The simplified overall structure of the fixture allows for more convenient and faster clamping of parts during operation, reducing clamping time and improving work efficiency. The design of this tooling reduces the skill requirements of operators. Operators do not need to have advanced technical skills or extensive experience to complete the marking and positioning of parts, which reduces the occurrence of mismarking or omissions caused by differences in personnel skills and operational errors, and further improves the stability and reliability of the production process.

[0032] See Figure 3 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The base plate 1 is provided with connection holes for connecting to the marking positioning worktable. The connection holes on the base plate provide a convenient and stable connection method between the tooling and the marking positioning worktable, enabling the tooling to be installed on the worktable quickly and accurately, ensuring the stability of the tooling during use, reducing positioning errors caused by tooling shaking, and improving the accuracy and reliability of marking positioning.

[0033] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The positioning block 2 has a Z-shaped structure, with its bottom surface fixedly connected to the base plate 1. A recessed platform is provided on the positioning surface at the top end face to prevent interference. The Z-shaped structure, with its bottom surface fixed to the base plate, enhances the stability and strength of the positioning block, making it less prone to deformation under the pressure of blade positioning. The recessed platform design on the top end face cleverly avoids potential interference with other components or the blade itself during positioning, ensuring smooth and accurate positioning and allowing the blade to be precisely placed on the positioning surface.

[0034] See Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 and Figure 12The movable positioning block 3 is a Z-shaped structure composed of a bottom flange edge 34, a support plate 35, and a top flange edge 36. The support plate 36 has a long groove; the bottom flange edge 34 has a waist-shaped long groove 32 and a concave groove 33; and the top flange edge 36 has a top flange through hole 31. The movable positioning block adopts a Z-shaped structure with clearly defined functions for each part. The bottom flange edge provides the connection base to the base plate, the support plate supports and connects the upper and lower parts, and the top flange edge is used to cooperate with other components such as the pressure plate. This structure allows the movable positioning block to move flexibly within the tooling while ensuring its own strength, adapting to the positioning requirements of blades of different sizes.

[0035] See Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 The bottom flange edge 34 has guide plates 4 fixedly connected to the base plate 1 on both sides. The movable positioning block 3 moves in the guide groove formed by the guide plates 4 on both sides. A positioning connector is movably installed in the waist-shaped groove 32. The guide groove formed by the guide plates on both sides of the bottom flange edge provides precise guidance for the movement of the movable positioning block, ensuring that the movable positioning block always maintains a straight line during movement, avoiding offset and shaking, improving the accuracy and stability of the movement of the movable positioning block, and thus ensuring the accuracy of blade positioning.

[0036] See Figure 24 , Figure 25 and Figure 26 The lateral driving device includes a support 9 fixedly connected to the base plate 1, and a first round-headed clamping screw 11 is movably connected to the support 9. The free end of the first round-headed clamping screw 11 is disposed in the concave groove 33. The support 9 is as follows... Figure 27 , Figure 28 and Figure 29 As shown, the first round-headed clamping screw is movably connected in the support, with its free end positioned within the concave groove of the movable positioning block. This design allows the movable positioning block to be easily moved laterally on the base plate by rotating the screw, making operation simple and convenient. The round-head design reduces friction and wear between the screw and the movable positioning block, extending the service life of the components, while also ensuring the smoothness of the driving process and avoiding problems such as driving difficulties or inaccurate positioning caused by excessive friction.

[0037] See Figure 30 , Figure 31 and Figure 32 As shown, the longitudinal drive device includes a bracket 8 fixedly connected to the base plate 1, and a baffle 10 is movably connected to the bracket 8 by a stepped screw 18; a second round-headed clamping screw 17 is movably disposed on the bracket 8, and the free end of the second round-headed clamping screw 17 contacts the baffle 10.

[0038] See Figure 17 , Figure 18 and Figure 19 The pressure plate 6 is a T-shaped structure composed of a top plate and a handle; the lower end of the handle is a U-shaped groove structure with concentric pin holes on both sides; the top plate is provided with a thinning structure and an interference groove; the handle is movably connected in the through hole 31 of the top flange. The vertical drive device includes a compression spring 13 and a small washer 12 sleeved on the handle; the thinning structure of the top plate can reduce the weight of the pressure plate and the overall load of the tooling while ensuring the strength of the pressure plate, and also facilitates manual operation of the pressure plate by the operator. The design of the interference groove avoids interference that may occur between the pressure plate and other components or the blade itself during the clamping process, ensuring that the pressure plate can smoothly clamp the blade and improve the accuracy and reliability of the clamping operation.

[0039] See Figure 21 , Figure 22 and Figure 23 The U-shaped groove structure is movably connected to a hinge plate 7, which is movably disposed in a long groove provided on the support plate 36; for example Figure 16 As shown, a handle 5 is provided at the free end of the hinge plate 7.

[0040] This invention also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade, comprising: The movable positioning block 3 is moved away from the positioning block 2 on the base plate 1 by a horizontal drive device; the pressure plate 6 is moved upward by a vertical drive device. Insert the bottom surface of the tenon to be marked into the tooling along the guide direction formed by the positioning surface of the positioning block 2 and the movable positioning block 3; The lateral drive device is used to move the movable positioning block 3 on the base plate 1 toward the positioning block 2 until the positioning surface of the movable positioning block 3 is tightly engaged with the tenon surface, and together with the positioning block 2, the tenon is positioned in the width direction. The vertical drive device is used to move the pressure plate 6 downward, pressing and fixing the tenon onto the positioning surface of the positioning block and the movable positioning block; The longitudinal drive device is used to push the baffle 10 toward the tenon direction until the end face of the baffle 10 is tightly fitted with the end face of the tenon, thereby achieving the positioning of the tenon in the length direction and completing the positioning and fixing of the blade for subsequent tenon bottom surface marking operations.

[0041] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Using UG 3D software for modeling and simulation analysis, a structural layout combining a "door" shape and a "C" shape is adopted. The fixed positioning block on the left and the sliding positioning block on the right together form the "door" shape. The height of the positioning blocks on both sides is determined by the maximum size of the blade to be marked plus a safety factor. The positioning surface of the positioning blocks is designed according to the dovetail tenon positioning surface of the workpiece, ensuring a tight fit between the positioning block surface and the dovetail tenon surface during use. The distance between the two positioning blocks is adjusted by sliding the movable positioning block on the right, accommodating different tenon sizes for positioning and clamping. The rear floating baffle, together with the left and right positioning blocks, forms a "C" shape, and the tenon length is positioned by adjusting the baffle. The floating pressure plate uses a hinge mechanism and spring to clamp and release the workpiece. When clamping, the spring releases its force, which is transmitted to the pressure plate through a cylindrical pin; when releasing, the handle and hinge plate rotate around the cylindrical pin, causing the pressure plate to move upwards and release the workpiece.

[0042] The dovetail tenon blade tenon bottom marking floating positioning device consists of a base plate 1, positioning block 2, movable positioning block 3, guide plate 4, handle 5, pressure plate 6, hinge plate 7, bracket 8, support 9, baffle 10, and standard parts such as cylindrical pins, welded handles, screws, springs, washers, and stepped screws. The overall structure of the positioning device is shown in [reference needed]. Figure 1 .

[0043] Base plate 1 Figure 2 As shown. The bottom surface serves as the reference surface for the entire positioning device. It is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. Its functions are as follows: 1. To connect with the equipment worktable for the installation and fixation of the entire positioning device and the equipment worktable; 2. To serve as the design and installation reference for other components in the positioning device. Two "U"-shaped grooves are used to connect with the equipment worktable, fixing the positioning device to it. The remaining pin holes and threaded holes are used to connect the positioning block 2, guide plate 4, bracket 8, support 9, and base plate 1. Two sets of side threaded holes are used to install welding handles.

[0044] Positioning block 2, for example Figure 3 As shown. A Z-shaped structure is adopted to effectively control the weight of the positioning device, and the material is quenched and tempered 45 steel. The height dimension is determined by adding a safety factor to the maximum size of the required marking part. The bottom flange edge is machined with positioning pin holes and connecting through holes, the dimensions of which are the same as the installation position dimensions of the base plate 1. The top flange edge face is machined with a positioning profile according to the required dovetail tenon profile, ensuring a seamless fit between the positioning profile and the dovetail tenon profile during use. To reduce interference with parts, a recessed platform is machined on the top flange side to ensure no interference between the positioning profile dimensions and the smallest part dimensions. To increase the strength of the top flange and support plate, a large R-value arc connection is used. The remaining C-shaped chamfers are process chamfers.

[0045] Active positioning block 3, such as Figure 4As shown. A Z-shaped structure is adopted to effectively control the weight of the positioning device, and the material is quenched and tempered 45 steel. The height dimension is determined by adding a safety factor to the maximum size of the required marked part. The bottom flange edge is machined with a waist-shaped long groove and a concave groove. The waist-shaped long groove is used to lock the movable positioning block after adjustment, and the concave groove is used to install the round-head clamping screw, driving the movable positioning block to move. The top flange edge face is machined with a positioning surface according to the required dovetail tenon profile, ensuring a gap-free fit between the positioning surface and the dovetail tenon profile during use. To reduce interference with parts, a recessed platform is machined on the top flange side to ensure no interference between the positioning surface size and the smallest part size. The top flange through hole is used to install the pressure plate 6. The waist-shaped long groove and small hole on the support plate are used to install the hinge seat 7. To increase the strength of the top flange and support plate, a large R-value arc connection is used. The remaining C-shaped chamfers are process chamfers.

[0046] Guide plate 4 Figure 5 As shown. It adopts an L-shaped structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. The height dimension matches the movable positioning block to ensure a clearance of no more than 0.02mm. The body is machined with positioning pin holes and connecting through holes, the dimensions of which are the same as the mounting position dimensions of the base plate 1.

[0047] Handle 5 Figure 6 As shown. It adopts a stepped columnar structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. The head is connected to the hinge plate 7 by a threaded structure. The handle is knurled, forming a mesh pattern on the entire surface of the handle to increase friction and facilitate manual operation.

[0048] Pressure plate 6 Figure 7 As shown. It adopts a "T"-shaped structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. The "T"-shaped handle is cylindrical, with a flattened bottom and an R-shaped end with concentric cylindrical pin holes. The entire structure and dimensions are designed for connection with hinge plate 7. The upper part of the "T" has an "I"-shaped stepped structure, and the front part that contacts the part is thinned and has a recessed window. During use, the hinge mechanism and spring movement achieve the clamping and releasing of the part. Hinge plate 7 Figure 8 As shown. It adopts a "U"-shaped structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. The threaded hole at the end connects to the handle 5, the cylindrical pin hole connects to the movable positioning block 2, and the U-shaped groove is used to install the pressure plate 6. When in use, operating the handle 5 causes the hinge plate 7 to rotate around the pin shaft, which drives the pressure plate 6 to press or release the parts.

[0049] 8-piece bracket Figure 9As shown. It adopts an "L"-shaped structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. The bottom flange edge is machined with locating pin holes and connecting through holes, which are used to connect it to the base plate 1 via cylindrical pins and screws. The support plate is machined with pin holes and threaded holes. In use, stepped screws are installed in the pin holes for guidance, and standard round-headed clamping screws are installed in the threaded holes to push the baffle 10 to move.

[0050] Support 9 Figure 10 As shown. It adopts a rectangular structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. Two through holes are used to connect it to the base plate with screws, and the threaded holes are used to install standard round-head clamping screws to push the movable positioning block 3 to move.

[0051] baffle 10 Figure 11 As shown. It adopts a rectangular structure and is made of quenched and tempered 45 steel. Two screw holes are used to install stepped screws. The baffle 10 is installed on the bracket 8 by the stepped screws. During positioning, the screws push the baffle 10 to move back and forth, achieving the positioning requirement of the blade tenon in the length direction.

[0052] The working process of this invention is as follows: The dovetail tenon blade tenon bottom marking floating positioning device consists of a base plate 1, positioning block 2, movable positioning block 3, guide plate 4, handle 5, pressure plate 6, hinge plate 7, bracket 8, support 9, baffle 10, and standard parts such as cylindrical pins, welded handles, screws, springs, washers, and stepped screws. Positioning block 2, guide plate 4, bracket 8, and support 9 are fixed to the base plate 1 by screws and cylindrical pins. The movable positioning block 3 moves left and right along the guide groove formed by the guide plate 4, driven by a round-headed clamping screw installed on the support 9. The handle 5 is installed on the hinge plate 7, with an extended lever arm for easy operation. The pressure plate 6 is installed on the movable positioning block 3, its bottom connected to the hinge plate 7. The handle 5 drives the hinge plate to rotate, thus tightening and loosening the pressure plate. The hinge plate 7 is installed on the movable positioning block 3 and connected to the handle 5 to drive the pressure plate 6. The bracket 8 is used to connect the baffle 10.

[0053] When using: 1. For first use, move the movable positioning block 3 to the right; 2. Drive the handle 5 downward to release the pressure plate 6; 3. Insert the marked part into the fixture along the "V" groove direction; 4. For first use, move the movable positioning block 3 to the left to position it together with the positioning block 2; 5. Drive the handle 5 upward to drive the pressure plate 6 to press the part; 6. For first use, adjust the position of the baffle 10 so that it fits tightly against the tenon end face.

[0054] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the tenon of a dovetail tenon blade, characterized in that, Includes a base plate (1); a positioning block (2) is provided on one side of the horizontal axis of the base plate (1), and a movable positioning block (3) is slidably provided on the other side of the horizontal axis; the movable positioning block (3) is provided with a horizontal driving device; a baffle (10) is movably provided on one side of the vertical axis of the base plate (1), and a vertical driving device is provided on the baffle (10); a pressure plate (6) is movably provided above the movable positioning block (3), and the pressure plate (6) is connected to a vertical driving device; the structure of the positioning profile formed by the positioning block (2) and the movable positioning block (3) is adapted to the structure of the bottom surface of the tenon to be marked; the distance between the top surface of the positioning block (2) and the movable positioning block (3) and the base plate (1) is the maximum size of the dovetail tenon blade to be processed plus a safety factor.

2. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (1) is provided with a connection hole for connecting to the marking and positioning workbench; the positioning block (2) is a Z-shaped structure, the bottom surface of the Z-shaped structure is fixedly connected to the base plate (1), and a recessed platform is provided on the positioning surface located on the top end face to avoid interference.

3. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable positioning block (3) is a Z-shaped structure composed of a bottom flange edge (34), a support plate (35), and a top flange edge (36); the support plate (36) is provided with a long groove; the bottom flange edge (34) is provided with a waist-shaped long groove (32) and a concave groove (33); the top flange edge (36) is provided with a top flange through hole (31). The bottom flange edge (34) is provided with guide plates (4) fixedly connected to the base plate (1) on both sides, and the movable positioning block (3) moves in the guide groove formed by the guide plates (4) on both sides; a positioning connector is movably provided in the waist-shaped long groove (32).

4. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral drive device includes a support (9) fixedly connected to the base plate (1), and a first round-headed clamping screw (11) is movably connected in the support (9). The free end of the first round-headed clamping screw (11) is disposed in the concave groove (33).

5. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 3, characterized in that, The longitudinal drive device includes a bracket (8) fixedly connected to the base plate (1), and a baffle (10) is movably connected to the bracket (8) by a stepped screw (18); a second round-headed clamping screw (17) is movably arranged on the bracket (8), and the free end of the second round-headed clamping screw (17) contacts the baffle (10).

6. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pressure plate (6) is a T-shaped structure composed of a top plate and a handle; the lower end of the handle is a U-shaped groove structure with concentric pin holes on both sides; the top plate is provided with a thinning structure and an interference groove; the handle is movably connected in the top flange through hole (31).

7. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical drive device includes a compression spring (13) and a small washer (12) sleeved on the handle; the U-shaped groove structure is movably connected to a hinge plate (7), which is movably disposed in a long groove provided on the support plate (36); a handle (5) is provided at the free end of the hinge plate (7).

8. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the dovetail tenon blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several welding handles (14) are provided on the base plate (1).

9. The tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the tenon of a dovetail tenon blade according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate (1), positioning block (2), movable positioning block (3), pressure plate (6) and baffle (10) are all made of quenched and tempered 45 steel.

10. A method of using the tooling for positioning the bottom surface of the tenon of a dovetail tenon blade according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, include: The movable positioning block (3) is moved away from the positioning block (2) on the base plate (1) using a lateral drive device; the pressure plate (6) is moved upward using a vertical drive device. Insert the bottom surface of the tenon to be marked into the tooling along the guide direction formed by the positioning surface of the positioning block (2) and the movable positioning block (3); The lateral drive device is used to move the movable positioning block (3) on the base plate (1) toward the positioning block (2) until the positioning surface of the movable positioning block (3) is tightly engaged with the tenon surface, and together with the positioning block (2) the positioning of the tenon in the width direction is achieved. The vertical drive device is used to move the pressure plate (6) downward, pressing and fixing the tenon to the positioning surface of the positioning block and the movable positioning block; The longitudinal drive device is used to push the baffle (10) toward the tenon direction until the end face of the baffle (10) is in close contact with the end face of the tenon, thereby achieving the positioning of the tenon in the length direction and completing the positioning and fixing of the blade for subsequent tenon bottom surface marking operations.

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