Laser etching 3D printing engineering plastic and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention particularly relates to laser etching 3D printing engineering plastic and a preparation method thereof. The 3D printing engineering plastic comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of a basic material and 15-38 parts of a functional additive, the base material is at least one of polycarbonate and polyamide. According to the invention, polycarbonate and polyamide are compounded to form a base material, and the base material and the compatilizer, the reinforcing agent, the flame retardant, the modified nano cerium oxide and other raw materials have a synergistic effect, so that the laser etching 3D printing engineering plastic is prepared. The 3D printing engineering plastic has good mechanical properties, wear resistance and flame retardance, and is suitable for a laser etching processing technology; the preparation method is stable in process, convenient to operate and control and beneficial to industrial production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer materials and their molding and processing technology, specifically to a laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing technology, as a rapid prototyping technology, has been widely applied in various industries such as automotive manufacturing, electronics, medical devices, and aerospace. In the industrial application of 3D printing technology, printing consumables, as the raw material basis, have a significant impact on the mechanical properties, processing adaptability, and other functional characteristics of printed products. With technological advancements, the demand for 3D printing consumables is also increasing. Traditional 3D printing consumables are generally based on general-purpose plastics, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) and polylactic acid (PLA). While materials like ABS and PLA have their own advantages, they may not meet the requirements of certain specific applications, such as those requiring high precision, high strength, high wear resistance, or special visual effects.

[0003] Laser engraving is a technique that uses lasers to create patterns or text on the surface of materials. It boasts advantages such as high precision and durable results. Combining laser engraving with engineering plastics can produce 3D printing consumables with unique visual effects and high performance requirements. Therefore, providing a high-performance 3D engineering plastic printing consumable suitable for laser engraving processes to address the shortcomings of existing 3D printing consumables in specific application scenarios is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic and its preparation method. The 3D consumable possesses excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, and flame retardant properties, making it suitable for laser engraving processes. The preparation method is stable, easy to operate and control, and conducive to industrial production.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic with good mechanical properties, wear resistance, flame retardancy, and 3D printing performance, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of base material and 15-38 parts of functional additives; wherein the base material is at least one of polycarbonate and polyamide.

[0006] Furthermore, the base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 65-75:25-35.

[0007] Furthermore, the functional additive is at least one of a compatibilizer, a reinforcing agent, a flame retardant, and modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0008] Furthermore, the functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-10 parts compatibilizer, 4-10 parts reinforcing agent, 5-12 parts flame retardant, and 3-7 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0009] Furthermore, the compatibilizer is at least one of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, maleic anhydride-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polycarbonate, and styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.

[0010] This invention uses polycarbonate and polyamide as the base materials, which complement each other, giving the laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic good mechanical properties, while also taking into account heat resistance and processing fluidity. The compatibilizer can achieve good cooperation with polycarbonate and polyamide, improve the compatibility of each raw material, inhibit phase separation, and improve the overall performance of the product.

[0011] Furthermore, the reinforcing agent is at least one of nano-silica, glass fiber, and carbon fiber.

[0012] Furthermore, the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 40-50% nano-silica, 30-40% glass fiber, and 10-20% carbon fiber.

[0013] Furthermore, the flame retardant is at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, and zinc molybdate.

[0014] Furthermore, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50-60% ammonium polyphosphate, 20-30% aluminum hypophosphite, and 20-30% zinc molybdate.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified nano-cerium oxide includes the following steps:

[0016] A1. By weight, under a nitrogen atmosphere, take 5-8 parts of trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 4-7 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 2-5 parts of bisphenol A epoxy diacrylate and 0.1-0.3 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, add them to 18-22 parts of propyl acetate, stir at 70-80℃ for 7-9 hours, centrifuge and filter, and then freeze-dry under vacuum to obtain copolymer powder;

[0017] A2. Mix 8-11 parts of nano-cerium oxide and 20-25 parts of N,N-dimethylformyl, sonicate for 20-60 min, then add 2-5 parts of copolymer powder and 0.02-0.05 parts of catalyst, stir at 55-65℃ for 6-8 h to obtain solution A;

[0018] A3. Solution A was centrifuged, filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried to obtain modified nano-cerium oxide powder.

[0019] The 3D printing engineering plastic of this invention uses polycarbonate and polyamide as base materials, and combines them with compatibilizers, reinforcing agents, flame retardants, and modified nano-cerium oxide, etc. The synergistic effect of these materials endows the 3D printing engineering plastic with excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, flame retardancy, and 3D printing performance. The 3D printing engineering plastic of this invention is suitable for subsequent laser engraving processing, and the printed products exhibit excellent laser engraving effects.

[0020] This invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic, comprising the following steps:

[0021] (1) Take the formula amount of each raw material and mix them evenly to obtain the mixture;

[0022] (2) The obtained mixture is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, and after cooling, pelletizing and drying, 3D printing engineering plastic is obtained.

[0023] Further, in step (1), polycarbonate, polyamide, compatibilizer and flame retardant are added to a mixer and stirred at a speed of 500-1000 rpm for 5-10 min; then modified nano-cerium oxide is added and stirred for 2-10 min, then reinforcing agent is added and stirred at a speed of 300-800 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain a mixture.

[0024] Furthermore, in step (1), the reinforcing agent is modified with a silane coupling agent in advance. The modification method is as follows: the reinforcing agent and the silane coupling agent are mixed and treated in a solvent in advance, and then the solvent is removed. The mass ratio of the reinforcing agent, the silane coupling agent and the solvent is 10:2-5:20-40. The solvent is preferably, but not limited to, anhydrous ethanol.

[0025] Furthermore, in step (2), the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the heating temperatures of each zone of the extruder are: zone 1 190-200℃, zone 2 215-225℃, zone 3 230-240℃, and zone 4 240-250℃; the screw speed is 200-400 rpm.

[0026] This invention also provides an application of laser engraving 3D printing on engineering plastics, comprising the following steps:

[0027] S1. Using 3D printing equipment, laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic is printed into a 3D printed blank;

[0028] S2. The 3D printed blank is fed into a laser engraving machine for laser engraving.

[0029] S3. The laser-engraved 3D printed blank is post-processed, and after cutting, grinding and polishing, the laser-engraved 3D printed product is obtained.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention prepares a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic by compounding polycarbonate and polyamide into a base material, and then synergizing it with compatibilizers, reinforcing agents, flame retardants, and modified nano-cerium oxide. The 3D printing engineering plastic possesses excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, and flame retardant properties, making it suitable for laser engraving processes. Its preparation method is stable, easy to operate and control, and conducive to industrial production. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. The content mentioned in the embodiments is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of base material and 15-38 parts of functional additives.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, the base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 65-75:25-35.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-10 parts compatibilizer, 4-10 parts reinforcing agent, 5-12 parts flame retardant and 3-7 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compatibilizer is at least one selected from maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, maleic anhydride-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polycarbonate, and styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 40-50% nano-silica, 30-40% glass fiber, and 10-20% carbon fiber. The nano-silica has a particle size of 50-100 nm.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50-60% ammonium polyphosphate, 20-30% aluminum hypophosphite, and 20-30% zinc molybdate.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified nano-cerium oxide includes the following steps:

[0039] A1. By weight, under a nitrogen atmosphere, take 5-8 parts of trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 4-7 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 2-5 parts of bisphenol A epoxy diacrylate and 0.1-0.3 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, add them to 18-22 parts of propyl acetate, stir at 70-80℃ for 7-9 hours, centrifuge and filter, and then freeze-dry under vacuum to obtain copolymer powder;

[0040] A2. Mix 8-11 parts of nano-cerium oxide and 20-25 parts of N,N-dimethylformyl, sonicate for 20-60 min, then add 2-5 parts of copolymer powder and 0.02-0.05 parts of catalyst, stir at 55-65℃ for 6-8 h to obtain solution A;

[0041] A3. Solution A was centrifuged, filtered, washed with ethanol, and then freeze-dried under vacuum to obtain modified nano-cerium oxide powder.

[0042] Furthermore, in step A3, the catalyst is selected from at least one of potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and dicumyl peroxide.

[0043] The present invention, through the above-mentioned method for preparing modified nano-cerium oxide, enables nano-cerium oxide to be uniformly dispersed in 3D printed engineering plastics, and can effectively improve the laser engraving accuracy and wear resistance of laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastics.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing the above-mentioned laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic includes the following steps:

[0045] (1) Take the formula amount of each raw material and mix them evenly to obtain the mixture;

[0046] (2) The obtained mixture is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, and after water cooling, pelletizing and drying, 3D printing engineering plastic consumables are obtained.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), polycarbonate, polyamide, compatibilizer and flame retardant are added to a mixer and stirred at a speed of 500-1000 rpm for 5-10 min; then modified nano-cerium oxide is added and stirred for 2-10 min, then reinforcing agent is added and stirred at a speed of 300-800 rpm for 5-10 min to obtain a mixture.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (1), the reinforcing agent is pre-modified with a silane coupling agent. The modification method is as follows: the reinforcing agent and the silane coupling agent are pre-mixed in a solvent, and then the solvent is removed; the mass ratio of the reinforcing agent, the silane coupling agent, and the solvent is 10:2-5:20-40; the solvent is preferably, but not limited to, anhydrous ethanol. The silane coupling agent is at least one of silane coupling agent KH550 and silane coupling agent KH560.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the heating temperatures of each zone of the extruder are: zone 1 190-200℃, zone 2 215-225℃, zone 3 230-240℃, and zone 4 240-250℃; the screw speed is 200-400 rpm.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the application of laser-engraved 3D printing of engineering plastics includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Using 3D printing equipment, laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic is printed into a 3D printed blank;

[0052] S2. The 3D printed blank is fed into a laser engraving machine for laser engraving.

[0053] S3. The laser-engraved 3D printed blank is post-processed, and after cutting, grinding and polishing, the laser-engraved 3D printed product is obtained.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] In this embodiment, a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material and 30 parts of functional additives; the base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 70:30. The polycarbonate used is Chimei PC-110U. The polyamide used is PA6 Nycoa 2025 from the United States.

[0056] Furthermore, the functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts compatibilizer, 7 parts reinforcing agent, 9 parts flame retardant, and 6 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0057] Furthermore, the compatibilizer is composed of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer and styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer at a mass ratio of 2:1. The maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer is Dow Chemical GR 216. The styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer is Starbeda Chemical's styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer compatibilizer ST-SAG2030.

[0058] Furthermore, the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 45% nano-silica, 40% glass fiber, and 15% carbon fiber. The glass fiber used is TLD-GLASS T436S glass fiber from Taishan Glass Fiber Co., Ltd. The carbon fiber used is Toray T300 carbon fiber.

[0059] Furthermore, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50% ammonium polyphosphate, 25% aluminum hypophosphite, and 25% zinc molybdate. The ammonium polyphosphate used is Chengke Chemical CK-APP101 ammonium polyphosphate.

[0060] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified nano-cerium oxide includes the following steps:

[0061] A1. By weight, under a nitrogen atmosphere, take 6 parts of trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 5 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 3 parts of bisphenol A epoxy diacrylate and 0.2 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, add them to 20 parts of propyl acetate, stir at 75°C for 8 hours, centrifuge and filter, and then freeze dry under vacuum to obtain copolymer powder.

[0062] A2. Mix 9 parts of nano-cerium oxide and 22 parts of N,N-dimethylformyl, sonicate for 30 min, then add 4 parts of copolymer powder and 0.03 parts of catalyst, stir at 60℃ for 7 h to obtain solution A; the catalyst is ammonium persulfate.

[0063] A3. Solution A is centrifuged, filtered, washed with ethanol, and then freeze-dried under vacuum to obtain modified cerium oxide nanoparticles. In this embodiment, a method for preparing the above-mentioned laser-engraved 3D-printed engineering plastic includes the following steps:

[0064] (1) Take the formula amount of each raw material and mix them evenly to obtain the mixture;

[0065] (2) The obtained mixture is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, and after water cooling, pelletizing and drying, 3D printing engineering plastic consumables are obtained.

[0066] Furthermore, in step (1), polycarbonate, polyamide, compatibilizer and flame retardant are added to a mixer and stirred at 700 rpm for 5 min; then modified nano-cerium oxide is added and stirred for 5 min; then reinforcing agent is added and stirred at 400 rpm for 6 min to obtain a mixture.

[0067] Furthermore, in step (1), the reinforcing agent is modified with a silane coupling agent in advance. The modification method is as follows: the reinforcing agent and the silane coupling agent are mixed and treated in a solvent in advance, and then the solvent is removed. The mass ratio of the reinforcing agent, the silane coupling agent and the solvent is 10:3:30, and the solvent is anhydrous ethanol.

[0068] Furthermore, in step (2), the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the heating temperatures of each zone of the extruder are: zone 1 195℃, zone 2 220℃, zone 3 235℃, and zone 4 245℃, respectively; the screw speed is 300 rpm.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] In this embodiment, a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material and 30 parts of functional additives; the base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 70:30.

[0071] Furthermore, the functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts compatibilizer, 8 parts reinforcing agent, 7 parts flame retardant, and 5 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0072] Furthermore, the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 45% nano-silica, 40% glass fiber, and 15% carbon fiber.

[0073] Furthermore, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50% ammonium polyphosphate, 25% aluminum hypophosphite, and 25% zinc molybdate.

[0074] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified nano-cerium oxide includes the following steps:

[0075] A1. By weight, under a nitrogen atmosphere, take 6 parts of trifluoroethyl methacrylate, 5 parts of glycidyl methacrylate, 3 parts of bisphenol A epoxy diacrylate and 0.2 parts of azobisisobutyronitrile, add them to 20 parts of propyl acetate, stir at 70°C for 9 hours, centrifuge and filter, and then freeze dry under vacuum to obtain copolymer powder.

[0076] A2. Mix 10 parts of nano-cerium oxide and 22 parts of N,N-dimethylformyl, sonicate for 30 min, then add 3 parts of copolymer powder and 0.04 parts of catalyst, stir at 60℃ for 6 h to obtain solution A; the catalyst is potassium persulfate.

[0077] A3. Solution A was centrifuged, filtered, washed with ethanol, and dried at 65°C for 2.5 h to obtain modified nano-cerium oxide powder.

[0078] In this embodiment, a method for preparing the above-mentioned laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic includes the following steps:

[0079] (1) Take the formula amount of each raw material and mix them evenly to obtain the mixture;

[0080] (2) The obtained mixture is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, and after water cooling, pelletizing and drying, 3D printing engineering plastic consumables are obtained.

[0081] Furthermore, in step (2), the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the heating temperatures of each zone of the extruder are: zone 1 200℃, zone 2 225℃, zone 3 235℃, and zone 4 245℃; the screw speed is 350 rpm.

[0082] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] In this embodiment, a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of base material and 32 parts of functional additives; the base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 65:35.

[0085] Furthermore, the functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts compatibilizer, 8 parts reinforcing agent, 8 parts flame retardant, and 6 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0086] Furthermore, the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 40% nano-silica, 40% glass fiber, and 20% carbon fiber.

[0087] Furthermore, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 55% ammonium polyphosphate, 25% aluminum hypophosphite, and 20% zinc molybdate.

[0088] In this embodiment, a method for preparing the above-mentioned laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic includes the following steps:

[0089] (1) Take the formula amount of each raw material and mix them evenly to obtain the mixture;

[0090] (2) The obtained mixture is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, and after water cooling, pelletizing and drying, 3D printing engineering plastic consumables are obtained.

[0091] Furthermore, in step (1), polycarbonate, polyamide, compatibilizer and flame retardant are added to a mixer and stirred at 800 rpm for 10 min; then modified nano-cerium oxide is added and stirred for 6 min; then reinforcing agent is added and stirred at 400 rpm for 6 min to obtain a mixture.

[0092] Furthermore, in step (1), the reinforcing agent is modified with a silane coupling agent in advance. The modification method is as follows: the reinforcing agent and the silane coupling agent are mixed and treated in a solvent in advance, and then the solvent is removed; the mass ratio of the reinforcing agent, the silane coupling agent and the solvent is 10:3:30.

[0093] Furthermore, in step (2), the extruder is a twin-screw extruder, and the heating temperatures of each zone of the extruder are: zone 1 195℃, zone 2 215℃, zone 3 225℃, and zone 4 235℃; the screw speed is 300 rpm.

[0094] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0095] Example 4

[0096] In this embodiment, a laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of base material and 28 parts of functional additives; the base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 75:25.

[0097] Furthermore, the functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts compatibilizer, 8 parts reinforcing agent, 7 parts flame retardant, and 5 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

[0098] Furthermore, the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50% nano-silica, 40% glass fiber, and 10% carbon fiber.

[0099] Furthermore, the flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50% ammonium polyphosphate, 30% aluminum hypophosphite, and 20% zinc molybdate.

[0100] The rest of this embodiment is the same as that in Embodiment 1.

[0101] Example 5

[0102] This embodiment provides an application of laser engraving 3D printing for engineering plastics, including the following steps:

[0103] S1. The laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic obtained in Example 1 is printed into a 3D printing blank using a 3D printing equipment;

[0104] S2. The 3D printed blank is fed into a laser engraving machine for laser engraving to form a laser engraving layer on the surface of the 3D printed blank; the engraving wavelength is 1064nm, the power is 20W, and the scanning speed is 500mm / s.

[0105] S3. Perform post-processing such as cutting, grinding and polishing on the laser-engraved 3D printed blank to obtain laser-engraved 3D printed products.

[0106] Comparative Example 1

[0107] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic in this comparative example uses unmodified nano-cerium oxide, and the amount of unmodified nano-cerium oxide used is the same as the amount of nano-cerium oxide used in the modified nano-cerium oxide in Example 1.

[0108] Comparative Example 2

[0109] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic in this comparative example uses an equal amount of ammonium polyphosphate to replace the flame retardant in Example 1.

[0110] Comparative Example 3

[0111] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic in this comparative example does not contain compatibilizer, the total amount of basic materials and the amount of polyamide remain unchanged, and the amount of polycarbonate is increased.

[0112] The 3D printing engineering plastics prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were used for 3D printing. The 3D printed blanks were fed into a laser engraving machine for laser engraving to form 3D printed samples with a laser-engraved layer on the surface. The surface of the laser-engraved layer was free of cracks and bubbles. The performance of the samples prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 was tested, and the test data are shown in Table 1 below:

[0113] project Example 1 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Melt index (g / 10min) 11.5 11.3 10.9 11.9 Tensile strength (MPa) 74.1 67.2 72.2 63.7 <![CDATA[Notch impact strength (kJ / m 2 )]]> 55.9 51.3 53.5 47.3 Interlayer bonding strength (MPa) 33.4 31.5 28.8 27.2 Laser engraving contrast ΔL* 34.3 29.4 33.2 30.8 Abrasion resistance (mg / 1000 cycles) 33 36 37 40 Flame retardancy rating V-0 V-0 V-1 V-0

[0114] The melt flow index was tested according to GB / T 3682-2000 at 220℃ and 2.16 kg. Tensile strength was tested according to ISO 527 at a loading rate of 50 mm / min. The notched impact strength of the simply supported beam was tested according to ISO...

[0115] Tests were conducted according to 179-1:2010, eA. Flame retardancy testing followed UL94 standards, with a thickness of 1.6 mm. The interlayer bonding strength test method was as follows: 3D-printed engineering plastic samples were created with a layer thickness of 0.2 mm, nozzle temperature of 240℃, heated bed temperature of 90℃, printing speed of 40 mm / s, and infill rate of 100%. A-type dumbbell-shaped tensile specimens were cut according to ISO 527, and the tensile strength in the Z-axis direction was tested to determine the interlayer bonding strength. Abrasion resistance testing followed ASTM D1044, using a CS-10 grinding wheel with a 1 kg load to rub the sample surface 1000 times, calculating the mass loss. Laser engraving contrast ΔL* testing followed ISO 11664-4, using a white substrate. A larger ΔL* value generally indicates a stronger contrast in brightness between the laser-engraved area and the un-engraved substrate, resulting in a clearer laser engraving effect.

[0116] This invention prepares 3D printing engineering plastics by compounding polycarbonate and polyamide into a base material and then synergizing it with compatibilizers, flame retardants, and modified nano-cerium oxide. The resulting plastics possess excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, flame retardancy, and adaptability to laser engraving.

[0117] The specific embodiments described above are further illustrations of the technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, any obvious substitutions without departing from the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser-engraved 3D-printed engineering plastic, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 80-120 parts of base material and 15-38 parts of functional additives; the base material is at least one of polycarbonate and polyamide.

2. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base material is composed of polycarbonate and polyamide in a mass ratio of 65-75:25-35.

3. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-10 parts compatibilizer, 4-10 parts reinforcing agent, 5-12 parts flame retardant, and 3-7 parts modified nano-cerium oxide.

4. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 3, characterized in that: The compatibilizer is at least one of maleic anhydride-grafted polyolefin elastomer, maleic anhydride-grafted acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, glycidyl methacrylate-grafted polycarbonate, and styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate terpolymer.

5. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing agent is at least one of nano-silica, glass fiber, and carbon fiber.

6. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 40-50% nano-silica, 30-40% glass fiber, and 10-20% carbon fiber.

7. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flame retardant is at least one of ammonium polyphosphate, aluminum hypophosphite, and zinc molybdate.

8. The laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flame retardant comprises the following raw materials in weight percentages: 50-60% ammonium polyphosphate, 20-30% aluminum hypophosphite, and 20-30% zinc molybdate.

9. A method for preparing laser-engraved 3D printed engineering plastic as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: (1) Take the formula amount of each raw material and mix them evenly to obtain the mixture; (2) The obtained mixture is added to an extruder for melt extrusion, and after cooling, pelletizing and drying, 3D printing engineering plastic is obtained.

10. An application of laser-engraved 3D printing of engineering plastics as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Using 3D printing equipment, laser-engraved 3D printing engineering plastic is printed into a 3D printed blank; S2. The 3D printed blank is fed into a laser engraving machine for laser engraving. S3. Post-process the laser-engraved 3D printed blank to obtain the laser-engraved 3D printed product.