High-speed numerical control drilling and milling composite machine tool

Abstract

The high-speed numerical control drilling and milling composite machine tool comprises a workbench and further comprises a supporting frame, a moving frame, a mounting block, an air cylinder and a drilling and milling mechanism, the supporting frame is fixedly connected to the top of the workbench, the moving frame is slidably connected to the top of the supporting frame, the mounting block is slidably connected to the top of the moving frame, and the air cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting block; the drilling and milling mechanism is arranged at the output end of the cylinder; through the design of the sliding blocks, a plurality of cutters can be installed on the rotating disc, and through the design of the path grooves, the cutters can move towards the circle center of the rotating disc when not used and are stored in the housing, so that the use space of the machine tool is reduced; in addition, due to the design of the transmission shaft, the sleeve, the spline groove, the spline block and other structures, all the cutters can be driven by only one drilling and milling motor when needing to be used, and therefore the equipment cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of drilling and milling machine tools, in particular to a high-speed numerical control drilling and milling combined machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The drilling and milling combined machine tool is a device integrating drilling and milling two core functions, and the traditional workpiece processing needs to drill holes on the drilling machine first and then transfer to the milling machine to mill the shape. Each time re-clamping will produce a small positioning error, which will accumulate and affect the accuracy of the final product. Through the drilling and milling combined machine tool processing, the workpiece only needs to be clamped once, and all drilling and milling processes are completed by one machine tool, eliminating the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping.

[0003] Through retrieval, a plate drilling and milling integrated machine is disclosed in a Chinese patent with publication number CN105881026B, belonging to the technical field of machinery. It solves the problem that the existing technology cannot more conveniently realize drilling and milling of the plate. The plate drilling and milling integrated machine includes a support and a mounting frame, the mounting frame is provided with a drill and a milling cutter, the support includes a bottom plate, a support plate one and a support plate two, the mounting frame includes a horizontal plate one, a horizontal plate two and a vertical plate, the horizontal plate one and the horizontal plate two are provided with a lifting plate one and a lifting plate two, the horizontal plate one and the horizontal plate two are fixed with a motor two, the motor two is fixed with a connecting plate one, the connecting plate one is fixed with a connecting plate two and a connecting plate three, the connecting plate two is fixed with a motor three, the milling cutter is fixed on the motor three, the connecting plate three is fixed with a motor four, and the drill is fixed on the motor four. The base is provided with an adjusting plate, the adjusting plate is provided with a base, and the upper surface of the base is provided with a clamp.

[0004] In the above-mentioned technology, the motor three drives the milling cutter to rotate, the motor four drives the drill to rotate, and the motor two drives the connecting plate one to rotate, so as to realize the replacement of the drill and the milling cutter. However, the above-mentioned device needs to be driven by a motor when replacing the tool, and each rotation of the tool needs to be driven by a separate motor. When many tools need to be installed on the device, the corresponding number of motors need to be provided. This not only increases the cost of the device, but also occupies a large amount of machine tool space, thereby affecting the installation of other parts and the flexibility of subsequent processing. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high-speed numerical control drilling and milling combined machine tool to solve the problem of inconvenient tool replacement of the existing drilling and milling machine tool.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a high-speed numerical control drilling and milling combined machine tool, including a workbench, further comprising: a support frame fixedly connected to the top of the workbench; a moving frame slidingly connected to the top of the support frame; The mounting block is slidingly connected to the top of the moving frame; The cylinder is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting block; The drilling and milling mechanism is arranged at the output end of the cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the drilling and milling mechanism comprises a housing, a rotating disc and a sliding block, one end of the inner wall of the housing is rotatably connected with the rotating disc, one side of the rotating disc is slidingly connected with four sliding blocks, one end of the sliding block is fixedly connected with a protruding block, one end of the protruding block is rotatably connected with a sleeve, the end of the sleeve away from the center of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with a cutter, one end of the inner wall of the housing is provided with a path groove, one end of the protruding block is fixedly connected with a sliding pin, and the sliding pin is slidingly connected with the path groove.

[0008] Preferably, the side wall of the housing is provided with a through groove inside the path groove, one end of the through groove is slidingly connected with a moving block, one end of the moving block inside the housing is fixedly connected with a drilling and milling motor, the output end of the drilling and milling motor is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is slidingly connected with the sleeve, the side wall of the transmission shaft is provided with a plurality of spline grooves, the inner wall of the sleeve is fixedly connected with a plurality of spline blocks matched with the spline grooves, the bottom of the spline groove is provided with a trumpet-shaped opening, and the top of the spline block is fixedly connected with a conical head.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the housing is fixedly connected with a first spring telescopic rod above the through groove, the bottom of the first spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the moving block, the two ends of the moving block are respectively fixedly connected with connecting arms, the top of the connecting arm is fixedly connected with a first rack, the outer wall of the housing is rotatably connected with two transmission gears between the two first racks, the two transmission gears are respectively meshingly connected with the two first racks, one end of the bottom of the mounting block is fixedly connected with a second spring telescopic rod, the bottom of the second spring telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting frame, the bottom of the connecting frame is fixedly connected with second racks matched with the transmission gears at both ends, and the two second racks are located between the two transmission gears.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the rotating disc is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected with the housing, one end of the housing extends to the outside of the housing, and a driven gear is rotatably connected with the housing, one end of the bottom of the mounting block is fixedly connected with a supporting arm, and the bottom of the supporting arm is fixedly connected with a third rack matched with the driven gear.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first ratchet at one end of the driven gear, the side wall of the driven gear is rotatably connected with a first pawl at one end, the first pawl is meshingly connected with the first ratchet, a first tension spring is installed at one end of the first pawl, and the other end of the first tension spring is installed at one end of the driven gear.

[0012] Preferably, a second ratchet is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft away from the first ratchet. The second ratchet is located outside the cover, and the direction of the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet is consistent with the direction of the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet. A second pawl is rotatably connected to one end of the outer wall of the cover. The second pawl is engaged with the second ratchet. A second tension spring is installed at one end of the second pawl, and the other end of the second tension spring is installed at one end of the cover.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the cover is fixedly connected to fixed blocks at both ends of the rotating shaft, one end of the fixed block is slidably connected to a slide rod, the slide rod is fixedly connected to a limit block at one end of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is provided with four limit grooves that are adapted to the limit blocks between the first ratchet and the second ratchet.

[0014] Preferably, a return spring is sleeved on one end of the slide rod at the limiting block. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the fixing block. A U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod away from the limiting block. A roller is rotatably connected to one end of the U-shaped frame. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block directly above the U-shaped frame. The roller is rotatably connected to the guide plate. An inclined part is provided at one end of the bottom of the guide plate, and the inclined part is located below the third rack.

[0015] Preferably, a first motor is fixedly connected to each of the two ends of the top of the support frame, a first lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, the first lead screw is threadedly connected to the movable frame, and the end of the first lead screw away from the first motor is rotatably connected to the support frame. Two second motors are fixedly connected to one end of the top of the movable frame, and a second lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor. The two second lead screws are located at the two ends of the cylinder, and the second lead screw is threadedly connected to the mounting block. The end of the second lead screw away from the second motor is rotatably connected to the movable frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention allows multiple tools to be mounted on the turntable through the design of the slider, and the tool path design allows the tools to move towards the center of the turntable and be stored in the housing when not in use, thereby reducing the machine tool's usable space. In addition, the design of the drive shaft, sleeve, spline groove and spline block and other structures allows all tools to be driven by only one drilling and milling motor when needed, thereby reducing equipment costs. The present invention uses the design of the first rack, the second rack and the transmission gear to enable the cylinder to drive the transmission gear to rotate when the drive housing, turntable, cutting tool and drilling and milling motor move upward, thereby further accelerating the upward movement speed of the first rack, connecting arm, moving block, drilling and milling motor and transmission shaft. After the upward movement speed of the transmission shaft increases, it will gradually move out of the sleeve until it is completely moved above the sleeve, so as to facilitate the subsequent replacement of the cutting tool. This invention, through the design of a third rack, a first ratchet, and a first pawl, allows the housing and driven gear to rotate during upward movement, thereby causing the first pawl to revolve. Under the push of the first pawl, the first ratchet, the rotating shaft, and the turntable can rotate, thus realizing the replacement of the tool. Through the design of the second ratchet and the second pawl, the rotation generated by the driven gear during downward movement is not transmitted to the rotating shaft and the tool, thus ensuring that the position of the replaced tool remains unchanged. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting block and the drilling and milling mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Another perspective structural diagram; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling and milling mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the turntable and the slider in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the sliding pin and the path groove in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the drive shaft and the sleeve in this invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spline groove and spline block structure in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the driven gear in this invention; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the diagram.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Worktable; 2. Support frame; 3. Moving frame; 4. Mounting block; 5. Cylinder; 6. Drilling and milling mechanism; 601. Cover; 602. Turntable; 603. Slider; 604. Protrusion; 605. Sleeve; 606. Tool; 607. Path groove; 608. Sliding pin; 609. Through groove; 610. Moving block; 611. Drilling and milling motor; 612. Drive shaft; 613. Spline groove; 614. Spline block; 615. Trumpet-shaped opening; 616. Conical head; 617. First spring telescopic rod; 618. Connecting arm; 619. First rack; 620. Transmission gear; 621. Rotary... 622. Shaft; Driven gear; 623. First ratchet; 624. First pawl; 625. First tension spring; 626. Second ratchet; 627. Second pawl; 628. Second tension spring; 629. Fixing block; 630. Slide rod; 631. Limiting block; 632. Limiting groove; 633. Return spring; 634. U-shaped frame; 635. Roller; 7. Second spring telescopic rod; 8. Connecting frame; 9. Second rack; 10. Support arm; 11. Third rack; 12. Guide plate; 1201. Inclined part; 13. First motor; 14. First lead screw; 15. Second motor; 16. Second lead screw. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a technical solution: a high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool, including a worktable 1, a support frame 2, a movable frame 3, a mounting block 4, a cylinder 5, and a drilling and milling mechanism 6. The support frame 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the worktable 1, the movable frame 3 is slidably connected to the top of the support frame 2, the mounting block 4 is slidably connected to the top of the movable frame 3, the cylinder 5 is fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting block 4, and the drilling and milling mechanism 6 is located at the output end of the cylinder 5. A first motor 13 is fixedly connected to both ends of the top of the support frame 2, and a first lead screw 14 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 13. The first lead screw 14 is threadedly connected to the movable frame 3, and the end of the first lead screw 14 away from the first motor 13 is rotatably connected to the support frame 2. Two second motors 15 are fixedly connected to one end of the top of the movable frame 3, and a second lead screw 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 15. The two second lead screws 16 are located at both ends of the cylinder 5, and the second lead screws 16 are threadedly connected to the mounting block 4. The end of the second lead screw 16 away from the second motor 15 is rotatably connected to the movable frame 3.

[0021] Specifically, when performing drilling and milling on a workpiece, the workpiece is first placed on the worktable 1 and fixed in place. During processing, two first motors 13 drive two first lead screws 14 to rotate, thereby moving the moving frame 3, mounting block 4, cylinder 5, and drilling and milling mechanism 6 along the length of the worktable 1. In addition, two second motors 15 drive two second lead screws 16 to rotate, thereby moving the mounting block 4, cylinder 5, and drilling and milling mechanism 6 along the width of the worktable 1. Furthermore, the drilling and milling mechanism 6 can be moved up and down by the cylinder 5. With the combined action of the first motors 13, second motors 15, and cylinder 5, the drilling and milling mechanism 6 can flexibly adjust its position to perform drilling and milling on the workpiece.

[0022] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the drilling and milling mechanism 6 includes a cover 601, a turntable 602, and a slider 603. The cover 601 is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder 5. The turntable 602 is rotatably connected to one end of the inner wall of the cover 601. Four sliders 603 are slidably connected to one side of the turntable 602. A protrusion 604 is fixedly connected to one end of the slider 603. A sleeve 605 is rotatably connected to one end of the protrusion 604. A tool 606 is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve 605 away from the center of the turntable 602. A path groove 607 is provided at one end of the inner wall of the cover 601. A sliding pin 608 is fixedly connected to one end of the protrusion 604. The sliding pin 608 is slidably connected to the path groove 607. Specifically, the upper half of the path groove 607 is semi-circular and concentric with the turntable 602, while the lower half is conical. When the tool 606 needs to be changed, the turntable 602 must first be driven to rotate. As the turntable 602 rotates, it drives the four sliders 603 to rotate. During this process, the sliding pin 608 at one end of each slider 603 moves with the path groove 607. As the sliding pin 608 gradually moves towards the conical part of the path groove 607, it drives the slider 603 to rotate... The slider 603 and the cutter 606 slide on the turntable 602, gradually moving away from the center of the turntable 602. When the sliding pin 608 moves to the bottom of the conical part of the path groove 607, the cutter 606 is in a vertical downward position and extends completely out of the cover 601. When the sliding pin 608 moves from the conical part of the path groove 607 to the semi-circular part, the slider 603 and the cutter 606 will gradually move towards the circle of the turntable 602, so that the cutter 606 can be stored inside the cover 601.

[0023] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the side wall of the cover 601 has a through groove 609 inside the path groove 607. A moving block 610 is slidably connected to one end of the through groove 609. A drilling and milling motor 611 is fixedly connected to one end of the moving block 610 inside the cover 601. A drive shaft 612 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drilling and milling motor 611. The drive shaft 612 is slidably connected to the sleeve 605. The side wall of the drive shaft 612 has multiple spline grooves 613. Multiple spline blocks 614 that are adapted to the spline grooves 613 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 605. The bottom of the spline groove 613 has a flared opening 615. A conical head 616 is fixedly connected to the top of the spline block 614. A first spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cover 601 above the through groove 609. The telescopic rod 617 has its bottom fixedly connected to the moving block 610. The moving block 610 has connecting arms 618 fixedly connected to both ends. The connecting arms 618 have first racks 619 fixedly connected to their tops. The outer wall of the cover 601 is rotatably connected to two transmission gears 620 between the two first racks 619. The two transmission gears 620 are respectively meshed with the two first racks 619. The bottom end of the mounting block 4 is fixedly connected to a second spring telescopic rod 7. The bottom of the second spring telescopic rod 7 is fixedly connected to a connecting frame 8. The bottom ends of the connecting frame 8 are respectively fixedly connected to second racks 9 that are adapted to the transmission gears 620. The two second racks 9 are both located between the two transmission gears 620.

[0024] Specifically, during the machining process, the drive shaft 612 is inserted inside the sleeve 605. The design of the spline groove 613 and spline block 614 allows the drive shaft 612 to drive the sleeve 605 to rotate, thereby driving the tool 606 to rotate. When it is necessary to change the tool 606, the drive shaft 612 must first be separated from the sleeve 605. At this time, the cylinder 5 drives the cover 601 to move upward, thereby driving the first spring telescopic rod 617, the drilling and milling motor 611, the connecting arm 618, the first rack 619, and the transmission gear 620 to move upward together. During its upward movement, the first rack 619 will contact and mesh with the second rack 9. Under the continuous drive of the cylinder 5, the transmission gear 620 will rotate during this upward movement, further accelerating the upward movement of the first rack 619, connecting arm 618, moving block 610, drilling and milling motor 611, and transmission shaft 612. At this time, the first spring telescopic rod 617 will gradually retract. The spring constant of the second spring telescopic rod 7 is much greater than that of the spring in the first spring telescopic rod 617; that is, during the retraction of the first spring telescopic rod 617, the second spring telescopic rod 617 will extend and retract. The shape of lever 7 remains unchanged. As the upward speed of moving block 610 increases, it gradually moves from the bottom to the top of through slot 609. Similarly, as the upward speed of drive shaft 612 increases, it gradually moves out of sleeve 605 until it is completely above sleeve 605. At this point, the turntable 602 can be driven to rotate, thus changing the tool 606. When the tool 606 is changed, drive shaft 612 needs to be reinserted into sleeve 605. This requires cylinder 5 to drive cover 601 downward, thereby driving the first... The spring telescopic rod 617, the drilling and milling motor 611, the connecting arm 618, the first rack 619, and the transmission gear 620 move downward together. Under the action of the transmission gear 620, the first rack 619, the connecting arm 618, the moving block 610, the drilling and milling motor 611, and the transmission shaft 612 move downward faster than the cover 601, the turntable 602, and the sleeve 605, so that the transmission shaft 612 can be reinserted into the sleeve 605. The design of the trumpet-shaped opening 615 and the conical head 616 allows the spline groove 613 and the spline block 614 to be automatically positioned and fitted together.

[0025] like Figure 3 Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a rotating shaft 621 is fixedly connected to one end of a turntable 602. The rotating shaft 621 is rotatably connected to a cover 601. One end of the cover 601 extends to the outside of the cover 601 and is rotatably connected to a driven gear 622. A support arm 10 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the mounting block 4. A third rack 11 adapted to the driven gear 622 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support arm 10. A first ratchet 623 is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft 621 at the driven gear 622. A first pawl 624 is rotatably connected to one end of the side wall of the driven gear 622. The first pawl 624 meshes with the first ratchet 623. A first tension spring 625 is installed at one end of 624, and the other end of the first tension spring 625 is installed at one end of the driven gear 622; a second ratchet 626 is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft 621 away from the first ratchet 623. The second ratchet 626 is located outside the cover 601, and the direction of the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet 626 is consistent with the direction of the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 623. A second pawl 627 is rotatably connected to one end of the outer wall of the cover 601. The second pawl 627 is engaged with the second ratchet 626. A second tension spring 628 is installed at one end of the second pawl 627, and the other end of the second tension spring 628 is installed at one end of the cover 601.

[0026] Specifically, as the cylinder 5 drives the housing 601 to move upward, the transmission gear 620 meshes with the second rack 9, causing the transmission gear 620 to rotate. This further accelerates the upward movement of the first rack 619, connecting arm 618, moving block 610, drilling and milling motor 611, and transmission shaft 612. At this time, the first spring telescopic rod 617 gradually retracts, while the second spring telescopic rod 7 remains unchanged. When the first spring telescopic rod 617 is fully retracted, the cylinder 5 continues to drive the housing 601 to move upward. Under the action of the first spring telescopic rod 617, the second spring telescopic rod 7 will gradually retract. As the cover 601 continues to move upward, it will drive the driven gear 622 to contact and mesh with the third rack 11. When the second spring telescopic rod 7 is in its natural state, the height of the second rack 9 is lower than that of the third rack 11. Only when the first spring telescopic rod 617 is fully retracted, that is, after the drive shaft 612 moves out of the sleeve 605, will the driven gear 622 contact the third rack 11. Under the meshing action of the third rack 11, the driven gear 622... 2. When moving upwards, it rotates clockwise, causing the first pawl 624 to revolve clockwise around the axis of the rotating shaft 621. Under the push of the first pawl 624, the first ratchet 623 rotates clockwise, which in turn drives the rotating shaft 621, the second ratchet 626, and the turntable 602 to rotate clockwise. During this process, the second pawl 627 does not obstruct the rotation of the second ratchet 626, thus allowing the turntable 602 to rotate smoothly, thereby realizing the replacement of the tool 606. When the cylinder 5 drives the cover 601 and the driven... When gear 622 moves downward, driven gear 622 will rotate counterclockwise. However, the second ratchet 626 cannot rotate counterclockwise due to the limiting effect of the second pawl 627. Therefore, the second ratchet 626, shaft 621, turntable 602 and first ratchet 623 remain stationary during this process. When the first pawl 624 rotates counterclockwise around the axis of shaft 621, it will not engage with the first ratchet 623. Therefore, even if the first ratchet 623 remains stationary, it will not affect the rotation of the first pawl 624.

[0027] like Figure 9As shown, the outer wall of the cover 601 is fixedly connected to two ends of the rotating shaft 621 with fixing blocks 629 respectively. A slide rod 630 is slidably connected to one end of each fixing block 629. A limit block 631 is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod 630 at the rotating shaft 621. Four limiting grooves 632, adapted to the limit blocks 631, are provided on the rotating shaft 621 between the first ratchet 623 and the second ratchet 626. A return spring 633 is sleeved on one end of the slide rod 630 at the limit block 631. One end of the return spring 633 is connected to... The limiting block 631 is fixedly connected, and the other end of the reset spring 633 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 629. The end of the slide rod 630 away from the limiting block 631 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped frame 634. One end of the U-shaped frame 634 is rotatably connected to a roller 635. The bottom of the mounting block 4 is fixedly connected to a guide plate 12 directly above the U-shaped frame 634. The roller 635 is rotatably connected to the guide plate 12. One end of the bottom of the guide plate 12 is provided with an inclined part 1201, which is located below the third rack 11.

[0028] Specifically, in the initial state, the limiting block 631 is locked inside the limiting groove 632, preventing the rotating shaft 621 and the turntable 602 from rotating, thus ensuring the stability of the tool 606 during drilling and milling. When the tool 606 needs to be replaced, the cylinder 5 drives the cover 601 to move upward, thereby causing the slide rod 630, U-shaped frame 634 and roller 635 to move upward together. Before the driven gear 622 meshes with the third rack 11, the roller 635 will contact the guide plate 12. When the roller 635 rolls to the inclined part 1201 of the guide plate 12, the distance between the two rollers 635 will gradually increase, thereby driving the slide rod. The movement of 630 and limit block 631 allows limit block 631 to disengage from the limit groove 632, facilitating the smooth rotation of the subsequent rotating shaft 621 and turntable 602. During this process, the return spring 633 retracts. When the tool 606 is replaced, the cylinder 5 drives the cover 601, slide bar 630, limit block 631, and roller 635 to move downwards. When the roller 635 rolls back to the inclined part 1201, the return spring 633 gradually rebounds and pushes the limit block 631 to move, allowing the limit block 631 to re-engage in the limit groove 632, thereby fixing the rotating shaft 621 and turntable 602.

[0029] Working principle: During use, when the tool 606 needs to be changed, the cylinder 5 drives the cover 601 to move upward, thereby driving the first spring telescopic rod 617, the drilling and milling motor 611, the connecting arm 618, the first rack 619, and the transmission gear 620 to move upward together. During the upward movement of the transmission gear 620, it contacts and meshes with the second rack 9. Under the continuous drive of the cylinder 5, the transmission gear 620 rotates during its upward movement, further accelerating the movement of the first rack 619 and the connecting arm 618. As the arm 618, moving block 610, drilling and milling motor 611, and drive shaft 612 move upward, the first spring telescopic rod 617 will gradually retract. During this process, the shape of the second spring telescopic rod 7 remains unchanged. After the moving block 610 moves upward at an accelerated speed, it will gradually move from the bottom of the through groove 609 to the top of the through groove 609. In addition, after the drive shaft 612 moves upward at an accelerated speed, it will gradually move out of the sleeve 605 until it is completely moved above the sleeve 605, so as to facilitate the subsequent replacement of the tool 606.

[0030] As the housing 601 moves upward, it drives the slide rod 630, U-shaped frame 634, and roller 635 to move upward together. During this process, the roller 635 contacts the guide plate 12. When the roller 635 rolls to the inclined part 1201 of the guide plate 12, the distance between the two rollers 635 gradually increases, thereby driving the slide rod 630 and the limiting block 631 to move, allowing the limiting block 631 to disengage from the limiting groove 632, so that the subsequent rotating shaft 621 and turntable 602 can rotate smoothly. During this process, the return spring 633 will retract. In addition, when the first spring extension rod 617 is fully retracted, under the action of the cylinder 5 continuously driving the housing 601 to move upward, the second spring extension rod 635 will retract. The second spring telescopic rod 7 will gradually retract. As the cover 601 continues to move upward, it will drive the driven gear 622 to contact and mesh with the third rack 11. Under the meshing action of the third rack 11, the driven gear 622 will rotate clockwise as it moves upward, thereby driving the first pawl 624 to revolve clockwise around the axis of the rotating shaft 621. Under the push of the first pawl 624, the first ratchet 623 will rotate clockwise, thereby driving the rotating shaft 621, the second ratchet 626 and the turntable 602 to rotate clockwise. During this process, the second pawl 627 will not obstruct the rotation of the second ratchet 626, thus allowing the turntable 602 to rotate smoothly.

[0031] When the turntable 602 rotates, it drives the four sliders 603 to rotate. During this process, the sliding pin 608 at one end of the slider 603 moves with the path groove 607. The upper half of the path groove 607 is semi-circular and concentric with the turntable 602, while the lower half is conical. As the sliding pin 608 gradually moves towards the conical part of the path groove 607, it drives the slider 603 to slide on the turntable 602, causing the slider 603 and the tool 606 to gradually move away from the turntable. At the center of circle 602, when the sliding pin 608 moves to the bottom of the conical part of the path groove 607, the tool 606 is in a vertically downward state and extends completely out of the cover 601. When the sliding pin 608 gradually moves from the conical part of the path groove 607 to the semi-circular part, the slider 603 and the tool 606 will gradually move towards the circle of the turntable 602, so that the tool 606 can be stored inside the cover 601. The tool 606 can be easily replaced by driving the turntable 602 to rotate.

[0032] When the tool 606 is replaced, the cylinder 5 drives the housing 601 and driven gear 622 to move downwards. At this time, the driven gear 622 will rotate counterclockwise. However, the second ratchet 626 cannot rotate counterclockwise due to the limiting effect of the second pawl 627. Therefore, the second ratchet 626, the shaft 621, the turntable 602, and the first ratchet 623 remain stationary during this process. The first pawl 624 will not engage with the first ratchet 623 when it rotates counterclockwise around the axis of the shaft 621. Therefore, even if the first ratchet 623 remains stationary, it will not affect the rotation of the first pawl 624. In addition, during the process of the cylinder 5 driving the housing 601 to move downwards, the first spring telescopic rod 617, the drilling and milling motor 611, the connecting arm 618, the first rack 619, and the transmission gear 620 will also move downwards together. Under the action of the transmission gear 620, the first rack 619, connecting arm 618, moving block 610, drilling and milling motor 611, and transmission shaft 612 move downward faster than the cover 601, turntable 602, and sleeve 605. This allows the transmission shaft 612 to re-insert into the sleeve 605, so that the drilling and milling motor 611 can smoothly drive the tool 606 to rotate. In addition, when the cover 601 moves downward, it will drive the slide rod 630, limit block 631, and roller 635 to move downward. When the roller 635 rolls to the inclined part 1201 again, the return spring 633 will gradually rebound and push the limit block 631 to move, so that the limit block 631 can re-lock into the limit groove 632, thereby fixing the rotating shaft 621 and the turntable 602 to ensure the stability of the tool 606 during the machining process.

[0033] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool, comprising a worktable (1), a support frame (2) fixedly connected to the top of the worktable (1), a movable frame (3) slidably connected to the top of the support frame (2), a mounting block (4) slidably connected to the top of the movable frame (3), a cylinder (5) fixedly connected to the middle of the mounting block (4), and a drilling and milling mechanism (6) disposed at the output end of the cylinder (5); characterized in that, Also includes: The drilling and milling mechanism (6) includes a cover (601), a turntable (602), and a slider (603). The cover (601) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (5). The turntable (602) is rotatably connected to one end of the inner wall of the cover (601). Four sliders (603) are slidably connected to one side of the turntable (602). A protrusion (604) is fixedly connected to one end of the slider (603). A sleeve (605) is rotatably connected to one end of the protrusion (604). A tool (606) is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve (605) away from the center of the turntable (602). A path groove (607) is provided at one end of the inner wall of the cover (601). A sliding pin (608) is fixedly connected to one end of the protrusion (604). The sliding pin (608) is slidably connected to the path groove (607).

2. The high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the cover (601) is provided with a through groove (609) inside the path groove (607). A moving block (610) is slidably connected to one end of the through groove (609). A drilling and milling motor (611) is fixedly connected to one end of the moving block (610) inside the cover (601). A drive shaft (612) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drilling and milling motor (611). The drive shaft (612) is slidably connected to the sleeve (605). The side wall of the drive shaft (612) is provided with multiple spline grooves (613). Multiple spline blocks (614) that are adapted to the spline grooves (613) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (605).

3. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spline groove (613) has a flared opening (615) at the bottom, and a conical head (616) is fixedly connected to the top of the spline block (614).

4. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cover (601) is fixedly connected to a first spring telescopic rod (617) above the through groove (609). The bottom of the first spring telescopic rod (617) is fixedly connected to the moving block (610). The two ends of the moving block (610) are respectively fixedly connected to connecting arms (618). The top of the connecting arm (618) is fixedly connected to a first rack (619). The outer wall of the cover (601) is rotatably connected to two transmission gears (620) between the two first racks (619). The two transmission gears (620) are respectively meshed with the two first racks (619). The bottom end of the mounting block (4) is fixedly connected to a second spring telescopic rod (7). The bottom of the second spring telescopic rod (7) is fixedly connected to a connecting frame (8). The bottom ends of the connecting frame (8) are respectively fixedly connected to second racks (9) that are adapted to the transmission gears (620). The two second racks (9) are both located between the two transmission gears (620).

5. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the turntable (602) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (621), the rotating shaft (621) is rotatably connected to the cover (601), one end of the cover (601) extends to the outside of the cover (601) and is rotatably connected to a driven gear (622), one end of the mounting block (4) is fixedly connected to a support arm (10), and the bottom of the support arm (10) is fixedly connected to a third rack (11) that is compatible with the driven gear (622).

6. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (621) is fixedly connected to one end of the driven gear (622) with a first ratchet (623). One end of the side wall of the driven gear (622) is rotatably connected to a first pawl (624). The first pawl (624) is meshed with the first ratchet (623). One end of the first pawl (624) is equipped with a first tension spring (625), and the other end of the first tension spring (625) is installed at one end of the driven gear (622).

7. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (621) is fixedly connected to a second ratchet (626) at the end away from the first ratchet (623). The second ratchet (626) is located outside the cover (601). The direction of the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet (626) is consistent with the direction of the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet (623). A second pawl (627) is rotatably connected to one end of the outer wall of the cover (601). The second pawl (627) is engaged with the second ratchet (626). A second tension spring (628) is installed at one end of the second pawl (627), and the other end of the second tension spring (628) is installed at one end of the cover (601).

8. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cover (601) is fixedly connected to two ends of the rotating shaft (621) with fixing blocks (629). One end of the fixing block (629) is slidably connected to a slide rod (630). The slide rod (630) is fixedly connected to a limit block (631) at one end of the rotating shaft (621). The rotating shaft (621) is provided with four limit grooves (632) that are adapted to the limit block (631) between the first ratchet (623) and the second ratchet (626).

9. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slide rod (630) is fitted with a return spring (633) at one end of the limiting block (631). One end of the return spring (633) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (631), and the other end of the return spring (633) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (629). A U-shaped frame (634) is fixedly connected to the end of the slide rod (630) away from the limiting block (631). A roller (635) is rotatably connected to one end of the U-shaped frame (634). A guide plate (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block (4) directly above the U-shaped frame (634). The roller (635) is rotatably connected to the guide plate (12). An inclined part (1201) is provided at one end of the bottom of the guide plate (12). The inclined part (1201) is located below the third rack (11).

10. A high-speed CNC drilling and milling composite machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The support frame (2) has a first motor (13) fixedly connected to both ends of the top. The output end of the first motor (13) is fixedly connected to a first lead screw (14). The first lead screw (14) is threadedly connected to the movable frame (3). The end of the first lead screw (14) away from the first motor (13) is rotatably connected to the support frame (2). The top end of the movable frame (3) has two second motors (15) fixedly connected to one end. The output end of the second motor (15) is fixedly connected to a second lead screw (16). The two second lead screws (16) are located at both ends of the cylinder (5). The second lead screw (16) is threadedly connected to the mounting block (4). The end of the second lead screw (16) away from the second motor (15) is rotatably connected to the movable frame (3).

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