Divided-flow type sludge separation device for river channel desilting

Abstract

The invention discloses a split-flow type sludge separation device for river dredging, which relates to the technical field of sludge chemical precipitation treatment and comprises a sealing tank, a precipitation tank, a flow guide plate, a cover plate and a flow guide mechanism. A discharging groove is formed between the sealing tank and the settling tank, an independent drainage groove and an independent silt discharging groove are formed in the sealing tank and the settling tank, the flow guide mechanism is in transmission connection with the cover plate, when the cover plate is squeezed by a water layer and a silt layer in the settling tank, the water layer and the silt layer are passively guided to the drainage groove and the silt discharging groove, and the silt layer can be squeezed to drain water in the switching process. According to the device, split-flow discharge of a water layer and a sludge layer is achieved, and the practicability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to sludge chemical precipitation treatment technology, specifically a diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging. Background Technology

[0002] As is known, silt is formed by the deposition of sediment in still or slow-moving water environments through physical, chemical, and biochemical processes. It is an unconsolidated, soft, fine-grained or extremely fine-grained soil and is a relatively recent sediment. The long-term accumulation of silt in river channels can cause the riverbed to rise and the water storage capacity to decrease. It is necessary to clean up the silt in the river channels regularly. Some river silt cannot be used directly due to excessive levels of heavy metals, so it is necessary to remove heavy metals from the river silt.

[0003] The shortcomings of existing technologies are that the current treatment of heavy metals in sludge generally involves chemical leaching followed by sedimentation. However, current equipment uses pumps to extract the upper water layer after sedimentation, while the lower sludge layer is removed using other methods. It cannot directly separate the sludge and water layers for one-step discharge, making it impractical. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging, so as to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: comprising: a sealed container, wherein a sedimentation tank is disposed within the sealed container, and further comprising:

[0006] A guide plate is disposed at the top of the settling tank;

[0007] A cover plate, which is detachably installed on the top of the settling tank;

[0008] The flow guiding mechanism is connected to the cover plate by transmission. When the cover plate is squeezed by the water layer and sludge layer in the sedimentation tank, it passively guides the water layer and sludge layer to the drainage trough and sludge discharge trough respectively. At the same time, it squeezes and drains the sludge layer during the switching process.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: a sedimentation tank is provided at the bottom center of the sealed tank, and a discharge trough is provided between the sealed tank and the sedimentation tank. Two independent annular drainage troughs and sludge discharge troughs are formed in the discharge trough. The drainage troughs are attached to the outside of the sedimentation tank, and the sludge discharge troughs are attached to the inside of the sealed tank.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the guide plate is configured as a ring, and the top opening expands outward to form an isosceles trapezoid with arc-shaped sides on both sides.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the shape and size of the bottom of the cover plate are adapted to the guide plate.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the flow guiding mechanism includes a float plate disposed at the bottom of the cover plate, the top of the float plate is provided with a protruding rod, the protruding rod is movably inserted into a sliding groove opened in the cover plate, the sliding groove is opened in a cross shape, the middle position of the protruding rod protrudes outward to form a spherical protrusion, the two sides of the protruding rod slide against the bottom end of the top rod, the top end of the top rod is connected to the abutting ball, and the end of the protruding rod inserted into the cover plate is connected to the inner side wall of the sliding groove through an elastic ball.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: the contact ball abuts against the inner sidewall of the connecting guide plate, the initial position of the guide plate is that the opening expands outward and separates from the guide ring, the guide ring is set between the drainage trough and the sludge discharge trough, and the extreme position of the contact ball against the guide plate is that the opening of the guide ring is attached to the top of the guide ring.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution: the bottom of the sedimentation tank is slidably connected to a base plate via a hydraulic rod, and a sealing scraper with an arc-shaped installation and an outwardly expanding opening is provided on the outer periphery of the base plate. The tip of the sealing scraper slides and seals against the inner wall of the sedimentation tank.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the bottom of the cover plate is provided with multiple sets of conical nails.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution: the initial position of the cover plate is attached to the arc-shaped plate at the top of the sedimentation tank, and the extreme position of the cover plate under compression is when the surface of the cover plate is attached to the bottom of the baffle and restricted by the baffle. The baffle is snap-fitted to the top of the sealed tank.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution: the middle position of the base plate is raised upward and the periphery is recessed downward.

[0018] In the above technical solution, the diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. Achieving separate discharge of water and silt layers: Through its unique structural design, including a sealed tank, sedimentation tank, guide plate, cover plate, and flow guiding mechanism, the device achieves separate discharge of water and silt layers.

[0020] During the sedimentation process, the water layer and the sludge layer can be discharged independently through drainage channels and sludge discharge channels, respectively, which improves the treatment efficiency.

[0021] 2. Squeezing and draining the sludge layer during the switching process: The guide mechanism is connected to the cover plate via a drive mechanism. When the cover plate is squeezed by the water layer and sludge layer in the sedimentation tank, it can passively guide both to the drainage trough and sludge discharge trough respectively. At the same time, during the switching process, the cover plate and float plate will squeeze the sludge layer, removing excess water from the sludge and improving the sludge treatment quality.

[0022] 3. Facilitates drainage of silt layer surface: The bottom of the cover plate is equipped with multiple sets of conical nails. When the cover plate comes into contact with the silt layer, these conical nails can drill holes in the surface of the silt layer, which facilitates the discharge of water from the silt layer during the squeezing process, further improving the silt treatment efficiency.

[0023] 4. Improve sludge recycling rate: Through the design of diversion discharge and squeeze drainage, the device can more effectively separate water and harmful substances such as heavy metals from the sludge, and obtain sludge with qualified heavy metal content after treatment, which helps to improve the sludge recycling rate and realize the sustainable use of resources. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sedimentation tank provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge trough provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after separation between the sedimentation tank and the cover plate, provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure between the sedimentation tank and the cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge trajectory of the guide plate to the water layer when the base plate is in the initial position, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge trajectory of the guide plate on the silt layer after the bottom plate is lifted to an upward position, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0036] 1-Sealed tank; 2-Discharge chute; 3-Sedimentation tank; 4-Baffle; 5-Drainage chute; 6-Sludge discharge chute; 7-Guide plate; 8-Cover plate; 9-Conical nail; 10-Water layer; 11-Sludge layer; 12-Sealing scraper ring; 13-Hydraulic rod; 14-Bottom plate; 15-Guide ring; 16-Contact ball; 17-Slide chute; 18-Top rod; 19-Elastic ball; 20-Protruding rod; 21-Float plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-10 This invention provides a diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging, comprising: a sealed tank 1, a sedimentation tank 3 disposed within the sealed tank 1, and further comprising:

[0039] The guide plate 7 is located at the top of the settling tank 3;

[0040] Cover plate 8 is detachably installed on the top of sedimentation tank 3;

[0041] The flow guiding mechanism is connected to the cover plate 8 by transmission. When the cover plate 8 is squeezed by the water layer 10 and the sludge layer 11 in the sedimentation tank 3, it passively guides the water layer 10 and the sludge layer 11 to the drainage trough 5 and the sludge discharge trough 6 respectively. At the same time, the sludge layer 11 is squeezed and drained during the switching process.

[0042] When treating river silt, various types of garbage are present in the river, resulting in the presence of heavy metals in the silt. Therefore, after the silt is pumped out, it is necessary to chemically treat the heavy metals in the silt. Generally, an off-site rinsing method is used. After rinsing, the silt is transported to a sedimentation tank for static sedimentation. The sedimented silt is then subjected to heavy metal filtration and screening to obtain silt with qualified heavy metal content, which can then be utilized.

[0043] In another embodiment of the present invention, preferably, a sedimentation tank 3 is provided at the bottom center of the sealed tank 1, and a discharge trough 2 is provided between the sealed tank 1 and the sedimentation tank 3. Two independent annular drainage troughs 5 and sludge discharge troughs 6 are formed in the discharge trough 2. The drainage trough 5 is attached to the outside of the sedimentation tank 3, and the sludge discharge trough 6 is attached to the inside of the sealed tank 1.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present invention, the guide plate is configured as an annular shape, and the top opening expands outward to form an isosceles trapezoid with arc-shaped sides on both sides.

[0045] In another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom shape and size of the cover plate 8 are adapted to the guide plate.

[0046] In another embodiment of the present invention, the flow guiding mechanism includes a float plate 21 disposed at the bottom of the cover plate 8. A protruding rod 20 is disposed at the top of the float plate 21. The protruding rod 20 is movably inserted into a sliding groove 17 opened in the cover plate 8. The sliding groove 17 is opened in a cross shape. The middle part of the protruding rod 20 protrudes outward to form a spherical protrusion. The two sides of the protruding rod 20 slide against the bottom end of the top rod 18. The top end of the top rod 18 is connected to the abutment ball 16. One end of the protruding rod 20 inserted into the cover plate 8 is connected to the inner side wall of the sliding groove 17 through an elastic ball 19.

[0047] After chemical leaching of the sludge, during sedimentation, baffle 4 and cover 8 are opened sequentially, and the chemically leached sludge is transported to sedimentation tank 3 for settling. After a period of sedimentation, the sludge and heavy metals will settle at the bottom of sedimentation tank 3, while the water layer 10 will be above it. At this point, the water layer 10 and the sludge layer 11 in sedimentation tank 3 can be separated and discharged. The specific discharge process is as follows:

[0048] Start the hydraulic rod 13 to push the bottom plate 14 at the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3 upward inside the sedimentation tank 3, and push the sludge and water in the sedimentation tank 3 upward from the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3;

[0049] This process can be divided into two parts:

[0050] Part 1: This part describes the process of discharging water layer 10;

[0051] When the bottom plate 14 is lifted upward in the sedimentation tank 3 by the hydraulic rod 13, the sealing scraper ring 12, which is set on the outer periphery of the bottom plate 14 and is inclined upward to fit the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 3, scrapes from bottom to top on the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 3, thereby forming a sliding sealing structure between the sealing scraper ring 12 and the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 3, thereby lifting the sludge layer 11 and the water layer 10 settled on the bottom plate 14 upward. At this time, due to the buoyancy of the water layer 10, the float plate 21 and the cover plate 8 are lifted upward a certain distance, and the arc-shaped guide plate 7 set on the outer periphery of the cover plate 8 and the top edge of the sedimentation tank 3 discharges the upper water layer 10 into the drainage trough 5 along the guide plate 7.

[0052] During this process, as the hydraulic rod 13 rises slowly and uniformly, a small gap is formed between the cover plate 8 and the guide plate 7 at the top of the settling tank 3 to supply water layer 10 according to the attached... Figure 9 Discharged via path S1 in the middle;

[0053] The guide plate 7 is arc-shaped and the bottom periphery of the cover plate 8 is set to fit the shape of the guide plate 7 at the top of the sedimentation tank 3. Since the pressure of the water layer 10 on the float plate 21 is offset by the upward lifting height of the cover plate 8, and the cover plate 8 has not reached the limit position of upward lifting, the gap formed between the cover plate 8 and the guide plate 7 will discharge the water layer 10 from the top periphery of the sedimentation tank 3 into the drainage trough 5.

[0054] Part Two: This part describes the process of discharging silt layer 11;

[0055] After the bottom plate 14 continues to rise and drains all the water layers 10, the silt begins to contact the float plate 21 and the cover plate 8. As the bottom plate 14 continues to rise, the cover plate 8 and float plate 21 compress the silt layer 11, squeezing out and discharging the water. When the compression of the silt by the float plate 21 and cover plate 8 reaches its limit, the surface of the cover plate 8 contacts the bottom of the baffle 4. Due to the height limitation of the baffle 4, the silt layer 11 compresses the float plate 21, causing the float plate 21 to drive the protruding rod 20 into the cover plate 8. The protruding points on both sides of the middle of the protruding rod 20 push the top rod 18 towards both sides of the cover plate 8, squeezing the contact ball 16 outward from the cover plate 8. Since the cover plate 8 has reached its maximum height, the contact ball 16 pops outward and compresses the guide plate 7, causing the top of the deformable guide plate 7 to expand outward. At this point, the guide plate 7... Figure 9 The initial position change is attached Figure 10 At this position, the guide plate 7 seals the top of the drainage layer 10, and the bottom plate 14 continues to rise, thus passing the silt layer 11 on the surface of the bottom plate 14 through the attached... Figure 10 The silt is discharged into the drainage channel 6 via the central path S2.

[0056] In another embodiment of the present invention, the contact ball 16 abuts against the inner sidewall of the connecting guide plate 7. The initial position of the guide plate 7 is that the opening is expanding outward and separated from the guide ring 15. The guide ring 15 is disposed between the drainage trough 5 and the sludge discharge trough 6. The extreme position of the contact ball 16 abutting against the guide plate is that the opening of the guide ring 15 is attached to the top of the guide ring 15.

[0057] In another embodiment of the present invention, a bottom plate 14 is slidably connected to the bottom of the sedimentation tank 3 via a hydraulic rod 13. A sealing scraper with an arc-shaped installation and an outwardly expanding opening is provided on the outer periphery of the bottom plate 14. The opening of the tip of the sealing scraper is slidably sealed and adhered to the inner wall of the sedimentation tank 3.

[0058] In another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the cover plate 8 is provided with multiple sets of conical nails 9.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, the initial position of the cover plate 8 is attached to the arc-shaped plate at the top of the sedimentation tank 3, and the extreme position of the cover plate 8 under compression is when the surface of the cover plate 8 is attached to the bottom of the baffle 4 and restricted by the baffle 4. The baffle 4 is snapped to the top of the sealed tank 1.

[0060] In another embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the middle position of the base plate 14 is raised upward and the periphery is recessed downward.

[0061] It should be noted that when water layer 10 is discharged according to path S1, the buoyancy and resistance of water layer 10 on float plate 21 will be transmitted to cover plate 8, causing cover plate 8 to float. Even if the surface of cover plate 8 contacts baffle 4, it is restricted by baffle 4. Due to the slow upward lifting speed of bottom plate 14, the squeezing force of water layer 10 on float plate 21 and cover plate 8 is small. Combined with the outward discharge speed of water layer 10, the pressure of water layer 10 cannot insert float plate 21 into the groove 17 opened in cover plate 8. Furthermore, an elastic ball 19 with elastic deformation capability is provided at the connecting protrusion 20 in groove 17. The elastic potential energy of elastic ball 19 can also offset part of the pressure of water layer 10.

[0062] Since the silt layer 11 is stacked, it can exert greater pressure on the float plate 21 after the internal water is squeezed out. At this time, the surface of the cover plate 8 contacts the baffle 4 and fixes the position of the cover plate 8. The float plate 21 is subjected to greater pressure and will abut against the protruding rod 20. The protruding point at the middle end of the protruding rod 20 will squeeze the top rod 18 and squeeze the abutting ball 16 out from both sides of the cover plate 8 and use greater force to abut against the guide plate 7.

[0063] Multiple conical nails 9 are provided at the bottom of the cover plate 8, which facilitates drilling holes in the surface of the silt layer 11 when the cover plate 8 comes into contact with the silt layer 11, so that the water in the silt layer 11 can be discharged when the silt layer 11 is squeezed.

[0064] After the sludge is discharged, the float plate 21 loses the resistance of the sludge, the elastic ball 19 resets and pushes the protruding rod 20 outward, while the contact ball 16 loses the resistance at its end. The guide plate 7 resets due to its own elastic deformation ability and squeezes the contact ball 16 into the chute 17. The hydraulic rod 13 resets and slides the bottom plate 14 to the bottom, and then the baffle 4 and cover plate 8 are opened. The sludge after rinsing can then be added back into the sedimentation tank 3 for further sedimentation.

[0065] The guide plate 7, with its own deformable arc shape, forms a seal with the cover plate 8 in the initial state, preventing some gases in the sludge after rinsing from being completely dissolved in the water and being discharged outward through the cover plate 8. At the same time, the arc shape of the guide plate 7 can provide guidance during drainage, discharging the water layer 10 into the drainage trough 5. After deformation, the guide plate 7 can also play a guiding role, guiding the sludge layer 11 through the guide plate 7 into the sludge discharge trough 6 for discharge.

[0066] The water layer 10 and the silt layer 11 are discharged separately to better recycle and reuse the silt and water layer 10.

[0067] When discharging water layer 10 and sludge layer 11, cover plate 8 can not only provide a sealing effect inside sedimentation tank 3, but also guide the water layer 10 and sludge layer 11 to discharge in conjunction with guide plate. At the same time, cover plate 8 can also squeeze sludge layer 11 to discharge water from sludge layer 11.

[0068] Meanwhile, the sealing scraper ring 12 provided on the outer periphery of the bottom plate 14 forms a sliding seal structure between the bottom plate 14 and the sedimentation tank 3. This is the existing technology. It is only necessary to maintain a certain contact pressure between the sealing scraper ring 12 and the inner wall surface of the sedimentation tank 3 to ensure that the fluid cannot leak through the gap. This will not be elaborated on further.

[0069] The foregoing has only described certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention by way of illustration. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the foregoing drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging, comprising: A sealed container (1), wherein a sedimentation tank (3) is provided inside the sealed container (1), characterized in that it further comprises: A guide plate (7) is provided on the top of the settling tank (3); A cover plate (8) is detachably installed on top of the settling tank (3); The flow guiding mechanism is connected to the cover plate (8) by transmission. When the cover plate (8) is squeezed by the water layer (10) and sludge layer (11) in the sedimentation tank (3), it passively guides the water layer (10) and sludge layer (11) to the drainage trough (5) and sludge discharge trough (6) respectively, and squeezes and drains the sludge layer (11) during the switching process.

2. The diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sedimentation tank (3) is provided at the bottom center of the sealed tank (1). A discharge trough (2) is provided between the sealed tank (1) and the sedimentation tank (3). Two independent annular drainage troughs (5) and sludge discharge troughs (6) are formed in the discharge trough (2). The drainage trough (5) is attached to the outside of the sedimentation tank (3), and the sludge discharge trough (6) is attached to the inside of the sealed tank (1).

3. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate is arranged in a ring shape, and the top opening expands outward to form an isosceles trapezoid with arc-shaped sides on both sides.

4. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom shape and size of the cover plate (8) are adapted to the guide plate.

5. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding mechanism includes a float plate (21) set at the bottom of the cover plate (8). A protruding rod (20) is set at the top of the float plate (21). The protruding rod (20) is movably inserted into a sliding groove (17) opened in the cover plate (8). The sliding groove (17) is opened in a cross shape. The middle part of the protruding rod (20) protrudes outward to form a spherical protrusion. The two sides of the protruding rod (20) slide against the bottom end of the top rod (18). The top end of the top rod (18) is connected to the abutment ball (16). One end of the protruding rod (20) inserted into the cover plate (8) is connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove (17) through an elastic ball (19).

6. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact ball (16) abuts against the inner wall of the connecting guide plate (7). The initial position of the guide plate (7) is that the opening expands outward and is separated from the guide ring (15). The guide ring (15) is set between the drainage trough (5) and the sludge discharge trough (6). The extreme position of the contact ball (16) against the guide plate is that the opening of the guide ring (15) is attached to the top of the guide ring (15).

7. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the sedimentation tank (3) is slidably connected to a base plate (14) via a hydraulic rod (13). A sealing scraper with an arc-shaped installation and an outwardly expanding opening is provided on the outer periphery of the base plate (14). The opening of the tip of the sealing scraper is slidably sealed and adhered to the inner wall of the sedimentation tank (3).

8. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cover plate (8) is provided with multiple sets of conical nails (9).

9. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 8, characterized in that, The initial position of the cover plate (8) is attached to the arc plate at the top of the sedimentation tank (3). The limit position of the cover plate (8) under compression is when the surface of the cover plate (8) is attached to the bottom of the baffle (4) and restricted by the baffle (4). The baffle (4) is snapped to the top of the sealed tank (1).

10. A diversion-type sludge separation device for river dredging according to claim 7, characterized in that, The bottom plate (14) has an upward convexity at the middle position and a downward concave circumference.

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