Substation engineering carbon emission accounting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer substation engineering carbon emission accounting method comprising the following steps: determining an accounting boundary of transformer substation engineering carbon emission, the accounting boundary comprising a plurality of stages, the plurality of stages comprising a purchase stage, a construction stage and an operation stage; acquiring carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation project, wherein the carbon emission activity data is used for representing production or consumption activity causing carbon emission; constructing a transformer substation project carbon emission accounting model based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the transformer substation project and the corresponding carbon emission factor value; and calculating the carbon emission of each stage of the transformer substation project by using the transformer substation project carbon emission accounting model, and calculating the total carbon emission of the transformer substation project based on the carbon emission of each stage of the transformer substation project. According to the invention, accurate and efficient carbon emission accounting can be carried out for each stage of the transformer substation project, so that the carbon emission of each stage of the transformer substation project is reduced, and the carbon emission reduction effect is promoted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power grid, and particularly relates to a substation engineering carbon emission accounting method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the power grid engineering, the substation engineering construction link mainly includes a procurement link and a construction and construction link. Since the building materials are used immediately, the two links are carried out in parallel in a long term and are carried out in sequence in a short term. The procurement link includes a raw material ordering link and a raw material transportation link. The construction and construction link includes a civil engineering link and an electrical equipment installation link. The civil engineering link includes building construction and structure construction. The electrical equipment installation link covers installation of primary equipment and secondary equipment and subsequent test and debugging work. In addition, these links can be further refined. Therefore, the multiple links of the substation engineering construction exist in parallel relationship and nested relationship.

[0003] The procurement link is the primary link of the substation engineering construction, including a raw material ordering link and a transportation link, and plays a decisive role in subsequent engineering links. Specifically, the procurement link includes demand identification and analysis, product screening, supplier evaluation, bidding and contract management, quality and environment monitoring, and continuous improvement and feedback. According to the power grid equipment and material procurement standard issued by the State Grid Corporation, the specification technical requirements are implemented in the raw material ordering link, which provides a solid foundation for improving the quality of equipment and materials and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the project. Under the background of low-carbon planning of the whole process of substation engineering construction, the carbon emission of the procurement link belongs to indirect carbon emission, which can be reduced by selecting low-carbon products and planning the transportation process to realize efficient use of resources and minimization of environmental impact.

[0004] The substation engineering materials are related to civil engineering, electrical installation engineering and various equipment. The types and models of building materials and equipment can be up to thousands. Due to the diversification of materials, the procurement link needs to consider the demand of construction and operation stage and needs to measure the low-carbon nature, economy, reliability and transportation requirements of materials, compare and select materials and develop procurement strategies.

[0005] The construction and construction link of the substation engineering includes a civil engineering link and an electrical equipment installation link. The civil engineering link mainly includes construction of buildings and structures. This link can reduce carbon emissions through low-carbon technology. The electrical equipment installation link mainly includes equipment installation and test and debugging. The operation of this link is relatively fixed, and the space for carbon emission reduction is small.

[0006] The operation link of the substation project is a key link in the life cycle of the substation project, is a test of the implementation effect of the previous link, and especially reflects the quality of the construction link. In the construction stage of the substation project, the energy consumption of the substation project can be reduced by optimizing the materials and structures, the energy demand of the operation link is reduced, the energy efficiency is improved, so as to realize lower carbon emissions.

[0007] However, there is a lack of carbon emission accounting model for substation projects in the prior art, and accurate and efficient carbon emission accounting for each stage of the substation project cannot be performed.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for a substation project carbon emission accounting method to solve the problems in the above solutions. SUMMARY

[0009] To this end, the present application provides a substation project carbon emission accounting method to solve or at least alleviate the above problems.

[0010] According to one aspect of the present application, a substation project carbon emission accounting method is provided, which is executed in a computing device, comprising: determining an accounting boundary of carbon emission of a substation project, the accounting boundary comprising a plurality of stages, the plurality of stages comprising a procurement stage, a construction stage, and an operation stage; obtaining carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation project, the carbon emission activity data being used to represent the amount of production or consumption activities that cause carbon emission; constructing a substation project carbon emission accounting model based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation project and corresponding carbon emission factor values; calculating the carbon emission amount of each stage of the substation project by using the substation project carbon emission accounting model, and calculating the total carbon emission amount of the substation project based on the carbon emission amount of each stage of the substation project.

[0011] Optionally, in the substation project carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, the substation project carbon emission accounting model comprises a procurement stage carbon emission accounting model, a construction stage carbon emission accounting model, and an operation stage carbon emission accounting model; the carbon emission amount of each stage of the substation project is calculated by using the substation project carbon emission accounting model, comprising: the carbon emission amount of the procurement stage, the carbon emission amount of the construction stage, and the carbon emission amount of the operation stage are calculated by using the procurement stage carbon emission accounting model, the construction stage carbon emission accounting model, and the operation stage carbon emission accounting model, respectively.

[0012] Optionally, in the substation project carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, the total carbon emission amount of the substation project is calculated based on the carbon emission amount of each stage of the substation project, comprising: the carbon emission amount of the procurement stage, the carbon emission amount of the construction stage, and the carbon emission amount of the operation stage are added to obtain the total carbon emission amount of the substation project.

[0013] Optionally, in the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, based on the carbon emission activity data and the corresponding carbon emission factor value of each stage of the substation engineering, a substation engineering carbon emission accounting model is constructed, including: based on the material consumption of each type of material in the production link of the materials and equipment in the substation engineering and the corresponding material production carbon emission factor value, a production link carbon emission accounting model is constructed, the production link carbon emission accounting model is used to calculate the carbon emission of the production link; based on the transportation distance, transportation weight, and average carbon emission factor value corresponding to the unit energy consumption of the transportation tool of each type of material and equipment in the transportation link of the substation engineering, a transportation link carbon emission accounting model is constructed, the transportation link carbon emission accounting model is used to calculate the carbon emission of the transportation link; based on the production link carbon emission accounting model and the transportation link carbon emission accounting model, a procurement stage carbon emission accounting model is obtained; the carbon emission of the procurement stage includes the carbon emission of the production link and the carbon emission of the transportation link.

[0014] Optionally, in the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, the construction stage includes a civil engineering link and an installation link; based on the carbon emission activity data and the corresponding carbon emission factor value of each stage of the substation engineering, a substation engineering carbon emission accounting model is constructed, including: based on the shift quantity of each type of construction machinery used in the civil engineering link and the installation link of the substation engineering, the energy consumption of each type of construction machinery per shift, and the corresponding energy carbon emission factor value, and the temporary building area in the civil engineering link and the installation link, the unit area carbon emission factor value of the temporary building in the construction process, the unit area carbon emission factor value of the temporary building in the demolition process, the unit area electric energy consumption of the temporary building in the operation process, and the electric energy carbon emission factor value, a construction stage carbon emission accounting model is constructed.

[0015] Optionally, in the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, based on the carbon emission activity data and the corresponding carbon emission factor value of each stage of the substation engineering, a substation engineering carbon emission accounting model is constructed, including: based on the unit time electric energy consumption of the heating equipment in the substation engineering, the daily operation time of the heating equipment, the unit time electric energy consumption of the air conditioning equipment, the daily operation time of the air conditioning equipment, the daily electric energy consumption of the lighting equipment, the daily operation time of the lighting equipment, the total number of days in the operation stage, and the electric energy carbon emission factor value, an operation stage carbon emission accounting model is constructed; the carbon emission of the operation stage includes the carbon emission of the heating equipment, the carbon emission of the air conditioning equipment, and the carbon emission of the lighting equipment in the operation stage.

[0016] Optionally, in the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, the carbon emission activity data of the substation engineering is obtained, including: obtaining engineering data of the substation engineering, and decomposing the engineering data into component, part, and process data with a credible emission factor to obtain the carbon emission activity data.

[0017] Optionally, in the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method according to the present application, the carbon emission activity data of the substation engineering is obtained, including: obtaining a device carbon footprint report of the substation engineering, and extracting carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering from the device carbon footprint report through parameter matching, the carbon emission activity data including material consumption and energy consumption.

[0018] According to an aspect of the present application, a substation engineering carbon emission accounting device is provided, deployed in a computing device, including: a determination module adapted to determine an accounting boundary of substation engineering carbon emission, the accounting boundary including multiple stages, the multiple stages including a procurement stage, a construction stage, and an operation stage; an obtaining module adapted to obtain carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering, the carbon emission activity data used to represent production or consumption activity that causes carbon emission; a construction module adapted to construct a substation engineering carbon emission accounting model based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering and corresponding carbon emission factor values; and a calculation module adapted to calculate carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering by using the substation engineering carbon emission accounting model, and calculate total carbon emission of the substation engineering based on the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering.

[0019] According to an aspect of the present application, a computing device is provided, including: at least one processor; a memory storing program instructions, wherein the program instructions are configured to be executed by the at least one processor, and the program instructions include instructions for executing the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method as described above.

[0020] According to an aspect of the present application, a computer program product is provided, including computer program / instructions, wherein the computer program / instructions are executed by a processor to implement the method as described above.

[0021] According to an aspect of the present application, a readable storage medium storing program instructions is provided, when the program instructions are read and executed by a computing device, the computing device is caused to execute the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method as described above.

[0022] According to the technical scheme of the present application, a substation engineering carbon emission accounting method is provided, the accounting boundary of the substation engineering carbon emission is determined, the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering is obtained, the carbon emission accounting model of the substation engineering is constructed based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering and the corresponding carbon emission factor value, the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering can be accurately and efficiently accounted for, and then the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering is reduced, and the carbon emission reduction effect is promoted.

[0023] The above description is only a summary of the technical scheme of the present application, in order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, the content of the specification can be implemented, and in order to make the above and other purposes, characteristics and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following specific embodiments of the present application are described. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to achieve the above and related purposes, the present application describes certain illustrative aspects in combination with the following description and drawings, which indicate various ways in which the principles disclosed by the present application can be practiced, and all aspects and their equivalents are intended to fall within the scope of the claimed subject matter. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Throughout the disclosure, like reference numerals generally refer to like parts or elements.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a computing device 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 2 A flowchart of a substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of carbon emission under three measures list scenarios in some embodiments of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a substation engineering carbon emission accounting device 400 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0030] In view of the problem that the prior art lacks a carbon emission accounting model for substation engineering, and cannot accurately and efficiently account for carbon emissions of each stage of substation engineering, the embodiment of the present application provides a substation engineering carbon emission accounting method, which can accurately and efficiently account for carbon emissions of each stage of substation engineering by constructing a substation engineering carbon emission accounting model, thereby facilitating reduction of carbon emissions of each stage of substation engineering and promoting carbon emission reduction effect.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the computing device can be configured to perform the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200. The substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 of the present application will be described below.

[0032] A computing device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application is introduced below.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a computing device 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, Figure 1 in the basic configuration, the computing device 100 includes at least one processing unit 102 and system memory 104. According to one aspect, depending on the configuration and type of computing device, the processing unit 102 can be implemented as a processor. The system memory 104 includes, but is not limited to, volatile memory (e.g., random access memory), non-volatile memory (e.g., read-only memory), flash memory, or any combination of such memories. According to one aspect, the system memory 104 includes an operating system 105.

[0034] According to one aspect, the operating system 105 is suitable for controlling the operation of the computing device 100, for example. In addition, the example is practiced in conjunction with a graphics library, other operating systems, or any other application programs, and is not limited to any particular application or system. In Figure 1 the basic configuration is shown by those components within the dashed line. According to one aspect, the computing device 100 has additional features or functionality. For example, according to one aspect, the computing device 100 includes additional data storage devices (removable and / or non-removable) such as, for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, or tape. Such additional storage is illustrated in Figure 1 by removable storage 109 and non-removable storage 110.

[0035] As stated above, according to one aspect, program module 103 is stored in system memory 104. According to one aspect, program module 103 can include one or more applications that can be an operating system, device drivers, scientific programs, engineering programs, word processing programs, or other types of programs. According to one aspect, program module 103 can include one or more applications that can include: email and contact applications, word processing applications, spreadsheet applications, database applications, slide presentation applications, drawing or computer-aided applications, web browser applications, etc.

[0036] In embodiments according to the present application, the program module 103 includes a plurality of program instructions that perform the substation engineering carbon accounting method 100 of the present application.

[0037] According to one aspect, program module 103 can include a substation engineering carbon accounting apparatus 400 that can be configured to perform the substation engineering carbon accounting method 100 of the present application.

[0038] According to one aspect, examples can be practiced with circuitry including discrete electronic components or with an integrated circuit that can include logic gates, a microprocessor, or other components. According to one aspect, examples can be practiced using electronic circuitry incorporated in a personal computer, a portable computer, a server computer, or other computing devices. Figure 1 According to one aspect, each or many of the components illustrated in FIG. 1 can be integrated on a single integrated circuit as a system on a chip (SOC). According to one aspect, such an SOC device can include one or more processing units, graphics units, communications units, system virtualization units, and various application functionality all as integrated (or "fabricated") onto a chip substrate as a single integrated circuit. When operating via an SOC, the functionality described in the present application can be operated via application-specific logic integrated with other components of the computing device 100 as a single integrated circuit (chip). Embodiments of the application can also be practiced using other technologies that now exist or are later developed. In addition, embodiments of the application can be practiced within a general computer or in any other circuits or systems.

[0039] According to one aspect, the computing device 100 can also have one or more input device(s) 112 such as a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, a microphone, a touch input device, etc. One or more output device(s) 114 such as a display, speakers, a printer, etc. can also be included. The aforementioned devices are examples and other devices can be used. The computing device 100 can include one or more communication connections 116 allowing communications with other computing devices 118. Examples of suitable communication connections 116 include, but are not limited to: RF transmitter, receiver, and / or transceiver circuitry; universal serial bus (USB), parallel, and / or serial ports.

[0040] The term computer readable media as used herein includes computer storage media. Computer storage media can include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, or program modules. The system memory 104, the removable storage device 109, and the non-removable storage device 110 are all computer storage media examples (i.e., memory storage.) Computer storage media can include Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electronically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store information and which can be accessed by the computing device 100. According to an aspect, any such computer storage media can be part of the computing device 100. Computer storage media does not include a carrier wave or other propagated data signal.

[0041] According to an aspect, communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media. According to an aspect, the term "modulated data signal" describes a signal that has one or more characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, radio frequency (RF), infrared, and other wireless media.

[0042] In embodiments according to the present application, the computing device 100 is configured to perform the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200. The computing device 100 includes one or more processors, and one or more readable storage media storing program instructions which, when configured to be executed by the one or more processors, cause the computing device to perform the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 in embodiments of the present application.

[0043] In some embodiments, the computing device 100 performing the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 in embodiments of the present application can be a terminal or a server.

[0044] The substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 in embodiments of the present application is described in detail as follows.

[0045] Figure 2 A flowchart of a substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 according to embodiments of the present application is shown. As shown in FIG. 1, the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 includes the following steps. Figure 2As shown, the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200 includes the following steps 210-240.

[0046] Step 210, the computing device 100 can first determine the accounting boundary of the substation engineering carbon emission, the accounting boundary including a plurality of stages, the plurality of stages including a procurement stage, a construction stage, and an operation stage.

[0047] Step 220, the computing device 100 can obtain carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering based on the accounting boundary, the carbon emission activity data being used to represent the production or consumption activity that causes carbon emission. The carbon emission activity data includes material consumption and energy consumption.

[0048] In some embodiments, in step 220, the decomposition statistical method, the parameter fitting method, or the process tracing method can be used to obtain the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering. Specifically, for the decomposition statistical method, engineering data of the substation engineering can be obtained, and the engineering data can be decomposed into component, part, and process data with credible emission factors, and then the carbon emission activity data can be obtained. For the parameter fitting method, a device carbon footprint report of the substation engineering can be obtained, and the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering, including material consumption and energy consumption, can be extracted from the device carbon footprint report of the substation engineering by parameter matching. For the process tracing method, the carbon emission activity data of raw materials and process related to the production of building materials and equipment can be decomposed and traced, and then the carbon emission activity can be calculated step by step. In a preferred embodiment, the decomposition statistical method can be used to obtain the carbon emission activity data.

[0049] Step 230, the computing device 100 can construct a substation engineering carbon emission accounting model based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering and the corresponding carbon emission factor value.

[0050] In the embodiments of the present application, the substation engineering carbon emission accounting model includes a procurement stage carbon emission accounting model, a construction stage carbon emission accounting model, and an operation stage carbon emission accounting model. That is, in step 230, the computing device 100 can construct the procurement stage carbon emission accounting model, the construction stage carbon emission accounting model, and the operation stage carbon emission accounting model based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering and the corresponding carbon emission factor value.

[0051] Step 240, the computing device 100 can calculate the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering by using the substation engineering carbon emission accounting model, and can calculate the total carbon emission of the substation engineering based on the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering.

[0052] Specifically, the computing device 100 can calculate the carbon emission in the procurement stage, the carbon emission in the construction stage, and the carbon emission in the operation stage by using the procurement stage carbon emission accounting model, the construction stage carbon emission accounting model, and the operation stage carbon emission accounting model, respectively.

[0053] Further, the computing device 100 can obtain the total carbon emission of the substation project by adding the carbon emission in the procurement stage, the carbon emission in the construction stage, and the carbon emission in the operation stage. In other words, the total carbon emission of the substation project is the sum of the carbon emission in the procurement stage, the carbon emission in the construction stage, and the carbon emission in the operation stage.

[0054] According to the embodiments of the present application, when performing carbon emission accounting for the substation project, the procurement stage mainly considers the carbon emission of the raw material production link and the transportation link, and also includes the carbon emission caused by using construction machinery due to the removal of transportation obstacles. The construction stage mainly considers the carbon emission in each construction link such as the site leveling project, the foundation project, the building construction, the support installation, and the equipment installation and debugging. The operation stage mainly considers the carbon emission caused by heating, air conditioning, and lighting during the construction process.

[0055] It should be noted that the substation project construction involves the use of a large amount of construction materials (building materials). For the carbon emission accounting in the procurement stage, the carbon emission of the production link and the transportation link of each type of building material and equipment needs to be considered. The carbon emission of the transportation link is related to the transportation weight, the transportation distance, and the corresponding carbon emission factor value.

[0056] Based on this, in some embodiments, in step 230, the procurement stage carbon emission accounting model can be constructed in the following manner:

[0057] First, the types of building materials and the material consumption involved in the construction stage of the substation project can be counted based on the bill of quantities, and the average carbon emission factor value of each type of building material can be found based on the “Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard” as the material production carbon emission factor value corresponding to the building material.

[0058] Subsequently, based on the material consumption of each type of building material and equipment production link in the substation project and the corresponding material production carbon emission factor value, a production link carbon emission accounting model can be constructed. The production link carbon emission accounting model is used to calculate the carbon emission of the production link. The production link carbon emission accounting model is specifically as shown in the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, MP m,i is the material consumption of the i-th type of material in the production link of building materials and equipment; is the carbon emission factor value corresponding to the i-th type of material. In some embodiments, the material includes, for example, metal, concrete, masonry, cement, wood, etc.

[0061] Moreover, based on the average carbon emission factor values corresponding to the transportation distance, transportation weight, and unit energy consumption of transportation tools in the transportation links of various building materials and equipment in the substation project, a carbon emission accounting model for the transportation link can be constructed. The carbon emission accounting model for the transportation link is used to calculate the carbon emissions in the transportation link. The carbon emission accounting model for the transportation link is specifically shown as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, TD b,i and TD e,i are the transportation distances of the i-th type of building material and the i-th type of equipment respectively; TW b,i and TW e,i are the transportation weights of the i-th type of building material and the i-th type of equipment respectively; EF b,i and EF e,i are the average carbon emission factor values corresponding to the unit energy consumption of the transportation tools for the i-th type of building material and the i-th type of equipment respectively.

[0064] In some embodiments, the equipment in the substation project includes, for example, heavy-duty trucks, truck-mounted cranes, dump trucks, crawler single-bucket hydraulic excavators, crawler bulldozers, crawler cranes, wheeled loaders, mechanical vibratory rollers, motorized tipping cars, steel-wheel internal combustion rollers, distribution boxes, elevators, multi-connected air-conditioning central controllers, variable-frequency multi-connected central air-conditioning outdoor units, maintenance and repair equipment, explosion-proof axial fans, explosion-proof wall-mounted air-conditioning units, split floor-standing air-conditioners, fresh air unit indoor units, ceiling-embedded air-conditioning indoor units, computer room dedicated precision air-conditioning units, multi-connected air-conditioning central controllers, oil and SF6 treatment equipment, etc. The building materials in the substation project include, for example, neat cement slurry, cement mortar, mixed mortar, lime mortar, hemp mortar, cast-in-place concrete, quartz sand, iron parts and steel sections, round steel, h-shaped steel, aerated concrete blocks, standard bricks, etc.

[0065] Furthermore, based on the above carbon emission accounting model for the production link and the carbon emission accounting model for the transportation link, a carbon emission accounting model for the procurement stage can be obtained.

[0066] It should be understood that the carbon emissions in the procurement stage calculated using the carbon emission accounting model for the procurement stage include the carbon emissions in the production link and the carbon emissions in the transportation link.

[0067] In addition, considering the difficulty in data collection for accounting of carbon emissions in the building material transportation link, in some embodiments, the carbon emissions in building material transportation can be accounted for by using highway transportation and heavy gasoline trucks as the transportation tools based on the default transportation distance and mode set in the "Standard for Calculating Carbon Emissions of Buildings".

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present application, the construction and construction phase of the substation project includes the civil engineering link and the installation link (electrical equipment installation link), the civil engineering link includes building and structure construction, and the installation link includes electrical equipment installation, test and commissioning. In some embodiments, the buildings of the substation project are mainly divided into five categories: power generation buildings, substation buildings, power transmission buildings, auxiliary and supporting buildings, and special function buildings. Among them, the power generation buildings include thermal power stations, hydropower stations and new energy power station buildings. The structures include support and equipment foundation, firewall, emergency oil pool, cable channel, internal and external roads, fence and gate, retaining wall and slope protection, etc. In some embodiments, the civil engineering link mainly includes earthwork engineering, foundation treatment, support and equipment foundation construction, masonry engineering, reinforced concrete engineering, roofing engineering, decoration engineering, firewall engineering, and cable channel construction, totaling 9 links.

[0069] The carbon emissions in the construction and construction phase mainly come from the carbon emissions caused by the energy consumption of construction machinery used in the civil engineering link and the electrical equipment installation link of the substation project, as well as the energy consumption of the construction personnel's office and life. The energy consumption of the construction personnel's office and life mainly comes from the construction, operation and demolition process of the temporary buildings in the construction and construction phase (civil engineering link and installation link), among which electric energy is the main energy supply form.

[0070] Based on this, in step 230, the construction and construction phase carbon emission accounting model can be constructed by the following method: based on the number of shifts of various types of construction machinery used in the civil engineering link and the installation link of the substation project, the energy consumption per shift of various types of construction machinery, and the energy carbon emission factor value, as well as the area of temporary buildings in the civil engineering link and the installation link, the unit area carbon emission factor value of temporary buildings in the construction process, the unit area carbon emission factor value of temporary buildings in the demolition process, the unit area electric energy consumption (power consumption) of temporary buildings in the operation process, and the electric energy carbon emission factor value, to construct the construction and construction phase carbon emission accounting model.

[0071] The construction and construction phase carbon emission accounting model constructed according to the present application is used to calculate the carbon emissions in the construction and construction phase. The construction and construction phase carbon emission accounting model is specifically shown in the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] wherein CM i , CM j are the daily shift quantities of the i-th type of construction machinery used in the civil engineering stage and the j-th type of construction machinery used in the installation stage, respectively; d i , d j are the energy consumptions per daily shift of the i-th type of construction machinery and the j-th type of construction machinery, respectively; EF, EF j are the carbon emission factor values corresponding to the i-th type of construction machinery and the j-th type of construction machinery, respectively. S is the temporary building area, EF u is the carbon emission factor value per unit area of the temporary building in the construction process, EF R is the carbon emission factor value per unit area of the temporary building in the demolition process, P is the electric energy consumption per unit area in the operation process of the temporary building, and EF e is the carbon emission factor value of electric energy.

[0074] In some embodiments, the construction machinery can include diesel machinery and electric machinery, for example.

[0075] It should be understood that the carbon emissions of the construction stage calculated by the construction stage carbon emission accounting model include the carbon emissions caused by the energy consumption of various types of construction machinery used in the civil engineering stage and the installation stage, and the carbon emissions in the construction, demolition and operation processes of the temporary building.

[0076] In addition, considering the lack of original energy consumption data of the construction site of the substation engineering, in some embodiments, the carbon emissions can be calculated based on the bill of quantities and construction quota. Specifically, based on the “Electric Power Construction Engineering Budget Quota (2018 Edition)”, the types of construction machinery and the number of personnel shifts for each sub-item in the civil engineering and installation stages can be determined. Then, in combination with the “National Unified Construction Machinery Daily Shift Quota”, the types of energy and energy consumption per daily shift of various types of construction machinery can be determined.

[0077] In some embodiments, the carbon emissions of the operation stage of the substation engineering mainly come from the energy consumption in the aspects of heating, air conditioning and lighting. In step 230, the operation stage carbon emission accounting model can be constructed in the following manner: based on the electric energy consumption (power consumption) per unit time of the heating equipment in the substation engineering, the daily operation time of the heating equipment, the electric energy consumption per unit time of the air conditioning equipment, the daily operation time of the air conditioning equipment, the daily electric energy consumption of the lighting equipment, the daily operation time of the lighting equipment, the total number of days in the operation stage, and the carbon emission factor value of electric energy, the operation stage carbon emission accounting model is constructed.

[0078] The operation stage carbon emission accounting model constructed according to the present application is used to calculate the carbon emissions of the operation stage. The operation stage carbon emission accounting model is specifically shown in the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, CS represents the carbon emission in the operation stage, F h,i represents the unit time electric energy consumption of the heating equipment; F c,i represents the unit time electric energy consumption of the air conditioning equipment; F l,i represents the unit time electric energy consumption of the lighting equipment; t h represents the daily operation time of the heating equipment; t c represents the daily operation time of the air conditioning equipment; t l represents the daily operation time of the lighting equipment; EF e represents the carbon emission factor value of the electric energy; n represents the total number of days in the operation stage.

[0081] It should be understood that the carbon emission in the operation stage calculated by the operation stage carbon emission accounting model includes the carbon emission generated by the heating equipment, the air conditioning equipment and the lighting equipment in the operation stage.

[0082] In some embodiments, the substation project can select a new 800kV substation project of a certain ultra-high voltage project in Shanxi Province to carry out carbon emission accounting analysis. The substation occupies an area of about 15.79 hectares in the fence, and the buildings in the station area include the main control communication building, the relay small room, the main transformer room, the station power room, etc., which adopt the reinforced concrete frame structure, and the total building area of the whole station is about 6136m 2 , of which the main control communication building is 2500m 2 . The 1000kV structure support and equipment support adopt the steel pipe lattice structure, the main transformer structure, and the 500kV structure adopt the steel pipe column and lattice steel beam structure; the rest of the equipment support adopts the steel pipe structure. The present application adopts 7 sets of 1000kV single-phase oil-immersed no-excitation voltage regulation autotransformer, and the weight of a single device is 398t. The equipment is transported to the construction site in the mode of combination of waterway and highway, and the rest of the equipment and construction materials are transported in the conventional transportation mode.

[0083] In addition, the reference measure list can be used as the substation construction project implemented by using the current mainstream construction technology, scheme and measure, and the energy consumption demand in the operation stage is satisfied by being connected to the power grid. On this basis, according to the national standards such as “Green Construction Evaluation Standard for Building Engineering” (GB / T50640) and “Green Construction Specification for Building Engineering” (GB / T50905), 6 low-carbon technologies are adopted, the low-carbon measure list and the strong low-carbon measure list are set, and different technical popularization rates are set for different measure lists according to the actual situation of the ultra-high voltage substation construction, as shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1 Technical popularization rate setting

[0085]

[0086] As shown in Table 1, in the source carbon reduction technology selection, the replacement ratio of cement and traditional concrete in the low-carbon measure list reaches 50%, and the strong low-carbon measure list reaches 100%; in the construction material transportation, the low-carbon and strong low-carbon measure lists are uniformly replaced by electric power transportation machinery. Secondly, the construction carbon reduction measures mainly focus on the electrification of construction machinery, and the low-carbon and strong low-carbon measure lists uniformly replace oil-fired construction machinery with electric construction machinery. Finally, due to the characteristics of active and passive technologies and site selection environment, the low-carbon measure list can set the promotion rates of passive energy-saving (natural lighting and ventilation) and active energy-saving technology (photovoltaic integration) to 20% and 25% respectively, and the strong low-carbon measure list sets them to 30% and 50%.

[0087] The PKPM-CES Industry is used to simulate and calculate the 800kV substation of the ultra-high voltage project through the bill of quantities combined with carbon emission factors and other data in a year as a cycle, and the carbon emissions of each stage can be obtained.

[0088] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of carbon emissions under three measure list scenarios according to some embodiments of the application is shown. From the diagram, it can be seen that the differences of the nine types of carbon emissions in the three stages under the three measure list scenarios of the baseline measure scenario, the low-carbon measure scenario and the strong low-carbon measure scenario. Figure 3 As can be seen, the differences of the nine types of carbon emissions in the three stages under the three measure list scenarios of the baseline measure scenario, the low-carbon measure scenario and the strong low-carbon measure scenario. Specifically, the procurement stage (production and transportation link) includes materials such as metal, concrete, masonry, cement and wood, the construction stage covers electric machinery and diesel machinery, and the operation stage includes heating, air conditioning and lighting equipment energy consumption.

[0089] Overall, the total carbon emissions under the baseline measure list, the low-carbon measure list and the strong low-carbon measure list are 228663.99, 126423.31 and 52181.66tCO2 respectively. Obviously, the application of low-carbon technology can significantly reduce carbon emissions.

[0090] In terms of stages, the carbon emissions of the procurement stage under the baseline measure list, low-carbon measure list, and strong low-carbon measure list were 190315.88, 96343.15, and 22104.39 tCO2, accounting for 83.23%, 76.21%, and 42.36%, respectively. The carbon emissions under the baseline measure list and low-carbon measure list scenarios accounted for a higher proportion, mainly due to cement and concrete, as the main control building adopts a reinforced concrete form, and a high proportion of cement and concrete is used in the procurement of building materials. In addition, due to the high carbon emissions of these two types of building materials, the procurement stage has the highest carbon emissions. The carbon emissions of the construction stage under the baseline measure list, low-carbon measure list, and strong low-carbon measure list were 38336.61, 30073.25, and 30073.25 tCO2, accounting for 16.77%, 23.79%, and 57.63%, respectively. Due to the low mechanical bench quantity of the main control building construction and the existence of a certain proportion of electric machinery, the carbon emissions of the construction stage are at a medium level. The carbon emissions of the operation stage under the baseline measure list, low-carbon measure list, and strong low-carbon measure list were 11.50, 6.90, and 4.02 tCO2, accounting for 0.01% each. Due to the fact that this report only simulates the ten-year period and does not consider the power consumption of auxiliary systems, depreciation, and other factors, the main carbon emission source of the operation stage is household electricity, accounting for a low proportion.

[0091] To explore the carbon emission reduction effect brought about by the use of low-carbon technology, the carbon emissions of the low-carbon measure list and strong low-carbon measure list were plotted against the baseline measure list carbon emissions, as shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0092] Table 2 Carbon emission changes of low-carbon and strong low-carbon measure lists

[0093]

[0094] Table 3 Carbon emission change percentages of low-carbon and strong low-carbon measure lists

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Tables 2 and 3 show that, regarding the changes in carbon emissions caused by various materials, the most significant positive changes (carbon reduction) are seen in brick and stone, cement, timber, and diesel machinery. The former's changes are primarily due to the high demand for cement during construction and operation, and the significant reduction in unit carbon emissions after replacing it with kaolin cement. The latter's changes are due to the large number of shifts in diesel machinery and the significant difference in carbon emission factors between fuel oil and electricity. The least significant positive changes (carbon reduction) are seen in heating and air conditioning during operation. This is partly because total carbon emissions are low during operation, and partly because heating and air conditioning equipment are basic necessities, making it difficult to reduce usage. Furthermore, the replacement of some diesel machinery with electric machinery has resulted in a counter-trend increase in carbon emissions from electric machinery, i.e., a negative change (carbon increase).

[0098] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a substation engineering carbon emission accounting device 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The substation engineering carbon emission accounting device 400 can be deployed in the aforementioned computing device 100, and the substation engineering carbon emission accounting device 400 is configured to execute the semiconductor optoelectronic chip anomaly detection method 200 of the present invention.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the carbon emission accounting device 400 for substation engineering includes a determination module 410, an acquisition module 420, a construction module 430, and a calculation module 440 that are coupled in sequence.

[0100] The determination module 410 is used to determine the accounting boundary for carbon emissions of substation projects. The accounting boundary includes multiple stages, including the procurement stage, the construction stage, and the operation stage.

[0101] The acquisition module 420 is used to acquire carbon emission activity data at each stage of the substation project. The carbon emission activity data is used to characterize the amount of production or consumption activities that lead to carbon emissions.

[0102] Module 430 is used to construct a carbon emission accounting model for substation projects based on carbon emission activity data and corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​at each stage of the substation project.

[0103] The calculation module 440 can use the carbon emission accounting model of the substation project to calculate the carbon emissions of each stage of the substation project, and calculate the total carbon emissions of the substation project based on the carbon emissions of each stage of the substation project.

[0104] It should be noted that the determining module 410, the obtaining module 420, the constructing module 430, and the calculating module 440 are respectively used to execute the aforementioned steps 210 to 240. Here, the specific execution logic of each unit can be found in the description of steps 210 to 240 in method 200 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] In summary, according to the substation engineering carbon emission accounting method 200, by determining the accounting boundary of the substation engineering carbon emission, obtaining the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering, and based on the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation engineering and the corresponding carbon emission factor value, the substation engineering carbon emission accounting model is constructed, which can accurately and efficiently account for the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering, thereby facilitating the reduction of the carbon emission of each stage of the substation engineering and promoting the carbon emission reduction effect.

[0106] By way of example, and not limitation, readable media can include volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in a method or technology for storage and / or transmission of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes any information delivery media. Combinations of the any of the above are also included within the scope of readable media.

[0107] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been described in detail in order to not obscure the understanding of this description.

[0108] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the application can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been described in detail in order to not obscure the understanding of this description.

[0109] Similarly, it is to be understood that the above description is one example of inventive aspects of the application and that many variations of the examples described can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not to be construed as limited to the specific examples described above.

[0110] Those skilled in the art will understand that the modules, or units, or components of the devices in the examples disclosed herein can be arranged in a device as described in the examples, or alternatively can be located in one or more devices different from the devices in the examples. The modules in the foregoing examples can be combined as a module or further divided into multiple sub-modules.

[0111] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the use of a ordinal term, such as "first," "second," "third," etc., to describe a common object can be transcendent and merely indicate different instances of that object that is not necessarily in any given sequence, either time- wise, spatially, in ranking or in any other manner.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions from a substation project, executed in a computing device, comprising: Determine the accounting boundary for carbon emissions from substation projects. The accounting boundary includes multiple stages, including the procurement stage, the construction stage, and the operation stage. Acquire carbon emission activity data at each stage of the substation project, wherein the carbon emission activity data is used to characterize the amount of production or consumption activities that lead to carbon emissions; Based on the carbon emission activity data and corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​at each stage of the substation project, a carbon emission accounting model for the substation project is constructed. Using the carbon emission accounting model for the substation project, the carbon emissions at each stage of the substation project are calculated, and based on the carbon emissions at each stage of the substation project, the total carbon emissions of the substation project are calculated.

2. The method as described in claim 1, wherein, The carbon emission accounting model for the substation project includes a carbon emission accounting model for the procurement phase, a carbon emission accounting model for the construction phase, and a carbon emission accounting model for the operation phase. Using the aforementioned carbon emission accounting model for substation projects, the carbon emissions at each stage of the substation project are calculated, including: Carbon emission accounting models for the procurement phase, construction phase, and operation phase are used respectively to calculate the carbon emissions during the procurement phase, construction phase, and operation phase.

3. The method as described in claim 2, wherein, Based on the carbon emissions at each stage of the substation project, the total carbon emissions of the substation project are calculated, including: The total carbon emissions of the substation project are obtained by adding up the carbon emissions during the procurement phase, the construction phase, and the operation phase.

4. The method as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein, Based on the carbon emission activity data and corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​at each stage of the substation project, a carbon emission accounting model for the substation project is constructed, including: Based on the material consumption of various materials and the corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​of material production in the production process of building materials and equipment in substation projects, a carbon emission accounting model for the production process is constructed. The carbon emission accounting model for the production process is used to calculate the carbon emissions of the production process. Based on the average carbon emission factor value corresponding to the transportation distance, transportation weight, and unit energy consumption of various building materials and equipment in the substation project, a carbon emission accounting model for the transportation link is constructed. The carbon emission accounting model for the transportation link is used to calculate the carbon emissions of the transportation link. Based on the carbon emission accounting model for the production stage and the carbon emission accounting model for the transportation stage, a carbon emission accounting model for the procurement stage is obtained. The carbon emissions during the procurement phase include carbon emissions from the production process and carbon emissions from the transportation process.

5. The method as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein, The construction phase includes civil engineering and installation. Based on the carbon emission activity data and corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​for each stage of the substation project, a carbon emission accounting model for the substation project is constructed, including: A carbon emission accounting model for the construction phase is constructed based on the number of shifts of various construction machinery used in the civil engineering and installation phases of substation projects, the energy consumption per shift of various construction machinery and the corresponding energy carbon emission factor value, as well as the temporary building area in the civil engineering and installation phases, the carbon emission factor value per unit area of ​​temporary buildings during construction, the carbon emission factor value per unit area of ​​temporary buildings during demolition, and the electricity consumption per unit area and electricity carbon emission factor value of temporary buildings during operation.

6. The method as described in claim 2 or 3, wherein, Based on the carbon emission activity data and corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​at each stage of the substation project, a carbon emission accounting model for the substation project is constructed, including: A carbon emission accounting model for the operation phase is constructed based on the unit time electricity consumption and daily operating time of heating equipment, unit time electricity consumption and daily operating time of air conditioning equipment, daily electricity consumption and daily operating time of lighting equipment, the total number of days in the operation phase, and the value of the electricity carbon emission factor in substation projects. The carbon emissions during the operation phase include those generated by heating, air conditioning and lighting equipment during the operation phase.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, Obtain carbon emission activity data for substation projects, including: Acquire engineering data for substation projects and decompose the engineering data into component, component, and process data with credible emission factors to obtain carbon emission activity data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, Obtain carbon emission activity data for substation projects, including: Obtain the equipment carbon footprint report of the substation project, and extract the carbon emission activity data of each stage of the substation project from the equipment carbon footprint report through parameter matching. The carbon emission activity data includes material consumption and energy consumption.

9. A carbon emission accounting device for substation engineering, deployed in a computing device, comprising: The determination module is suitable for determining the accounting boundary of carbon emissions from substation projects. The accounting boundary includes multiple stages, including the procurement stage, the construction stage, and the operation stage. The acquisition module is adapted to acquire carbon emission activity data at each stage of a substation project, wherein the carbon emission activity data is used to characterize the amount of production or consumption activities that lead to carbon emissions. The module is suitable for constructing a carbon emission accounting model for the substation project based on the carbon emission activity data and corresponding carbon emission factor values ​​at each stage of the substation project. The calculation module is adapted to use the carbon emission accounting model of the substation project to calculate the carbon emissions of each stage of the substation project, and to calculate the total carbon emissions of the substation project based on the carbon emissions of each stage of the substation project.

10. A computing device, comprising: At least one processor; and A memory storing program instructions, wherein the program instructions are configured to be processed by the at least one processor, the program instructions including instructions for processing the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-8.

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