Gateway device, terminal, and wireless communication method

Abstract

A gateway device controls a connection with a terminal that performs wireless communication via a first cell that is a cell via a terrestrial network or a second cell that is a cell via a non-terrestrial network, and the gateway device performs wireless communication with the terminal in a state in which the terminal maintains a connection in a radio resource control layer with the first cell. Broadcast information related to access to a second cell is transmitted to a first cell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a gateway apparatus supporting a non-terrestrial network, a terminal, and a wireless communication method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP: Registered Trademark) has standardized a fifth-generation mobile communication system (also referred to as 5G, New Radio (NR), or Next Generation (NG)), and also has standardized a next generation called Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G.

[0003] Further, in order to realize provision of various services to areas that have not been covered by a mobile communication network (PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network) mainly through a terrestrial network (TN) so far, cooperation with a non-terrestrial network (NTN) is envisaged.

[0004] For example, a multi-layer network using a geostationary orbit satellite (GEO), a low earth orbit satellite (LEO), and a high-altitude pseudo-satellite (HAPS) is being studied (Non-Patent Literature 1).

[0005] In such a wireless communication system in which NTN and PLMN (TN) cooperate, a terminal (User Equipment, UE) is able to seamlessly connect with a TN via a GEO, a LEO, or a HAPS.

[0006] In addition, in the case of an NTN, for example, in a feeder link (FL) between a HAPS and a ground station, since a higher frequency band (millimeter wave or the like) is used than a service link (SL) between the HAPS and a terminal, rain attenuation or the like of the FL becomes a problem. Therefore, a technology of performing simultaneous transmission and reception of signals using a plurality of FLs or switching of FLs is proposed (Patent Literature 1).

[0007] PRIOR ART DOCUMENTS

[0008] NON-PATENT LITERATURE

[0009] Non-patent document 1: "A Survey of Wireless Networks for Future Aerial Communications (FACOM)", IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS&TUTORIALS, VOL.23, NO.4, FOURTH QUARTER 2021

[0010] Patent documents

[0011] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2019-121909 Summary of the Invention

[0012] In the aforementioned NTN and TN cooperative wireless communication system, it is desirable to switch the FL from via HAPS to via LEO while maintaining the SL state (specifically, while maintaining the connection of the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer).

[0013] When a FL is set via LEO or GEO, the terminal (UE) needs to perform synchronization establishment, taking into account the increased latency. However, even if the FL is switched while maintaining the SL as described above, there is still a problem that it cannot operate normally.

[0014] Therefore, the following disclosure is made in view of the following situation, and its purpose is to provide a gateway device, terminal and wireless communication method that can realize site diversity based on feeder link switching in a wireless communication system cooperating with NTN and TN, while maintaining the service link.

[0015] One aspect of the present invention is a gateway device (gateway device 100) comprising: a control unit (control unit 130) that controls a connection between a terminal performing wireless communication via a first cell or a second cell, wherein the first cell is a cell via a terrestrial network and the second cell is a cell via a non-terrestrial network; and a transmission unit (broadcast information processing unit 120) that, while the terminal maintains a connection with the radio resource control layer of the first cell, transmits broadcast information relating to access to the second cell to the first cell. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wireless communication system 10.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a functional block structure diagram of the gateway device 100.

[0018] Figure 3 This is the function block structure diagram of UE300.

[0019] Figure 4 This shows the formation of a TN cell C via HAPS200. TN The diagram shows the state of the feeder link experiencing rainfall attenuation under certain conditions.

[0020] Figure 5 This shows the formation of a TN cell C via HAPS200. TN The diagram shows how to switch FL to the state via LEO160 in this case.

[0021] Figure 6 This is an example illustrating the communication sequence between gateway device 100, HAPS200, and UE300 related to site diversity in a feeder link (from TN cell C). TN To NTN cell C NTN (The changes) diagram.

[0022] Figure 7 This is an example illustrating the communication sequence between gateway device 100, HAPS200, and UE300 related to site diversity in a feeder link (from NTN cell C). NTN To TN cell C TN (The changes) diagram.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of the gateway device 100 and the UE 300.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing a structural example of vehicle 2001. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals are used to denote the same functions and structures, and their descriptions are omitted where appropriate.

[0026] (1) Overall general structure of wireless communication system

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the wireless communication system 10 according to this embodiment. Figure 1 As shown, the wireless communication system 10 consists of a terrestrial network (TN) and a non-terrestrial network (NTN).

[0028] In this embodiment, the TN may include specifications for a fifth-generation mobile communication system (also known as 5G, New Radio (NR), or Next Generation (NG)) that comply with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP: registered trademark), or a mobile communication network (PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network) that complies with next-generation specifications known as Beyond 5G, 5G Evolution, or 6G. The PLMN may include a 5GC30, a data network 40, and terrestrial gNBs 170 (Gerrestrial gNBs), etc. Additionally, the PLMN may include radio access networks (NG-RAN), etc., not shown.

[0029] 5GC30 is a 5G core network (CN). 5GC30 can connect to data network 40. Data network 40 is a communication network that relays data (user data) sent and received by terminal 300 (UE 300, User Equipment), and may also include the Internet. Hereinafter, the various networks mentioned above will be collectively referred to as "networks" for simplicity and appropriate reference.

[0030] NTN can include geostationary orbit satellites (GEO: Geostationary Orbit satellite, GEO150), low Earth orbit satellites (LEO: Low Earth Orbit satellite, LEO160), and high-altitude platform stations (HAPS: High-Altitude Platform Station, HAPS200). GEO150 can be a satellite in a geostationary orbit at an altitude of approximately 36,000 km. LEO160 can also be a satellite orbiting at an altitude of 500–2,000 km with a period of 88–127 minutes. HAPS200 can also be a spacecraft orbiting at an altitude of 8–50 km.

[0031] GEO150, LEO160, and HAPS200 can be connected to gateway device 100 via wireless links. The wireless link between gateway device 100 and GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200 can also be referred to as a feeder link (FL). Additionally, the wireless link between GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200 and UE300 can also be referred to as a serving link (SL).

[0032] Furthermore, as with GEO150, LEO160, and HAPS200 (relay station devices), either transparent or regenerative types can be used (refer to 3GPP TR 38.821V16.0.0), but in this embodiment, the regenerative type is used. The regenerative type can also be called a regenerative relay type or a base station type, where the functionality of the wireless base station (or a portion thereof) is carried on a satellite (GEO150, LEO160, HAPS200). The regenerative type can also be called a repeater type or a non-regenerative relay type, where the functionality of the wireless base station is not carried on a satellite.

[0033] In the wireless communication system 10, a multi-layer network (NTN) based on GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200 is formed in cooperation with the TN (PLMN). The UE300 can be seamlessly connected to the TN (PLMN) via GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200.

[0034] In the wireless communication system 10, which includes both TN and NTN, two types of cells can be formed. Specifically, TN cells C can be formed. TN and NTN community C NTN .

[0035] The network (operator) can pre-determine whether to use a TN cell or a C cell. TN To run or as NTN cell C NTN Based on this operation, a gNB (or gateway device) is constructed. This is as long as there is no NTN cell C from the network. NTN The notification indicates that UE300 can be considered as a TN cell C. TN And the action.

[0036] In other words, even in the case of cells formed via GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200, it can be used as a TN cell C. TN When running, UE300 can be used as an access TN cell C TN The UE performs the operation. In this case, special implementation is required in cells with large latency via the radio interval, such as GEO150 and LEO160. In cells via HAPS200, even as a normal TN gNB, communication can be achieved up to a certain cell radius. As mentioned above, in a multi-layer network such as wireless communication system 10, TN cell C TN and NTN community C NTN They can coexist. As mentioned above, cells via GEO150 and LEO160 can serve as NTN cells C. NTNCells operating via gNB170 (Terrestrial gNB) and HAPS200 can function as TN cells. TN run.

[0037] On the other hand, as NTN cell C NTN In operation, even in GEO150 and LEO160 cells with significant latency across the radio band, communication can still be performed according to the NR NTN specifications defined by 3GPP. Furthermore, while communication can also be performed according to the NR NTN specifications in HAPS200 cells, the latency difference compared to GEO150 and LEO160 cells via HAPS200 cells is relatively small, resulting in some overspecification in aspects such as synchronization establishment steps. Therefore, HAPS200 cells can typically be used as TN cells. TN To run. Furthermore, from this perspective, HAPS200 can also be interpreted as not being a component of NTN.

[0038] In the NTN cell C NTN In operation, the UE300 identifies the cell as an NTN cell by receiving broadcast information from the network, specifically System Information Block (SIB) 1. NTN UE300 connects to this cell when the terminal is an NTN-capable UE. In other words, only NTN-capable UEs can connect to NTN cell C. NTN connect.

[0039] In addition, after receiving SIB1, UE300 receives additional broadcast information from the network, specifically SIB19, which contains information required for broadcasting NTN access, and is able to perform NTN-specific synchronization establishment processing based on SIB19.

[0040] (2) Functional block structure of wireless communication system

[0041] Next, the functional block structure of the wireless communication system 10 will be described. Specifically, the functional block structures of the gateway device 100 and the UE 300 will be described.

[0042] (2.1) Gateway device 100

[0043] Figure 2 This is a functional block structure diagram of the gateway device 100. (Example) Figure 2As shown, the gateway device 100 includes a wireless communication unit 110, a broadcast information processing unit 120, and a control unit 130.

[0044] The wireless communication unit 110 performs wireless communication with GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200 via a wireless link (feeder link). The frequency band used by the feeder link (FL) may differ for each GEO150, LEO160, or HAPS200, but it may also be the same or a similar frequency band. The frequency band of the FL facing the HAPS200 may be higher than the frequency band of the FL facing the GEO150 or LEO160. For example, the millimeter wave (38 GHz) band may be used as the frequency band for the FL facing the HAPS200.

[0045] The broadcast information processing unit 120 performs processing related to broadcast information, specifically SIBs. The broadcast information processing unit 120 is capable of broadcasting various SIBs, including the MIB (Master Information Block) and SIB1, as specified in 3GPP TS38.331 (Rel-17), within the cell.

[0046] In particular, in this embodiment, the broadcast information processing unit 120 is capable of performing processing related to SIB1 and SIB19. SIB1 can be broadcast periodically throughout the cell. SIB1 can provide the information required by UE300 to perform Initial Random Access (RA). SIB1 can be provided by sending PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel) scheduled at predetermined intervals (e.g., 160 milliseconds).

[0047] SIB19 can provide the information required for UE300 to perform NTN access. Specifically, SIB19 may include satellite-aided information for NTN access. For example, SIB19 may include fields representing the distance to the serving cell reference location (distanceThresh), as well as Ephemeris data (satellite location data), TA (Timing Advance) parameters, UL synchronization information validity period, and other parameters required for UE300 to access 5G (NR) via NTN access.

[0048] Broadcast Information Processing Unit 120 can maintain communication with TN cell C in UE300. TN In the state of connection in the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer of (Cell 1), broadcast information such as SIB19 is sent. Specifically, the broadcast information processing unit 120 can send broadcast information to the cell (TN cell C) while the UE300 and the cell are in the state of RRC_CONNECTED. TN Broadcast SIB19.

[0049] The RRC_CONNECTED state can be interpreted as the UE300 completing its connection with the cell and operating the cell as its serving cell. Alternatively, the RRC_CONNECTED state can also be interpreted as not being in the RRC_IDLE or RRC_INACTIVE state. Furthermore, RRC_INACTIVE can be interpreted as, like RRC_IDLE, a state where some RRC settings are maintained instead of all released. Additionally, the RRC_CONNECTED state can also be described as maintaining the serving link (SL) state.

[0050] Broadcast Information Processing Unit 120 can maintain communication with TN cell C in this way UE300 TN In the state of connection in RRC, in other words, while UE300 maintains connectivity via TN cell C TN In the state of the radio link (SL), to the TN cell C TN Sending and sending to NTN cell C NTN Broadcast information related to access to (Cell 2). In this embodiment, the broadcast information processing unit 120 may be configured as a transmitting unit. Specifically, the broadcast information processing unit 120 may transmit broadcast information to the TN cell C. TN Sending and sending to NTN cell C NTN The SIB19 is related to access.

[0051] Conversely, the broadcast information processing unit 120 can also maintain communication with the NTN cell C in the UE300. NTN In the connection (SL) state of the RRC, to the NTN cell C NTN Sending and sending to TN cell C TN Broadcast information related to access.

[0052] The control unit 130 controls the functional blocks constituting the gateway device 100. Specifically, the control unit 130 controls the communication between the gateway device 100 and the TN cell C via the terrestrial network (TN). TN Or via NTN cell C (non-terrestrial network). NTN Control the connection of the UE300 that performs wireless communication.

[0053] Specifically, the control unit 130 is capable of performing control related to inter-cell handover (HO) with UE300. The control unit 130 is capable of forwarding or processing HO requests sent from HAPS200 (or GEO150, LEO160). Furthermore, the control unit 130 is capable of forwarding or sending an approval (HO ack) for the HO request to HAPS200 (or GEO150, LEO160).

[0054] (2.2)UE300

[0055] Figure 3 This is the function block structure diagram of UE300. (Example) Figure 3 As shown, the UE300 includes a wireless communication unit 310, a broadcast information acquisition unit 320, a handover execution unit 330, and a control unit 340.

[0056] The wireless communication unit 310 transmits or receives wireless signals conforming to 5G (or 6G, etc.). Specifically, the wireless communication unit 310 transmits uplink signals (UL signals) conforming to 5G and receives downlink signals (DL signals) conforming to 5G.

[0057] Wireless communication unit 310 can be transmitted via TN cell C TN or NTN cell C NTN Wireless communication is performed. In this embodiment, the wireless communication unit 310 may be configured as a communication unit.

[0058] The broadcast information acquisition unit 320 performs processing related to acquiring broadcast information from the network broadcast. Specifically, the broadcast information acquisition unit 320 is capable of receiving SIB1 and SIB19, etc. As mentioned above, SIB19 is related to the acquisition of broadcast information from the NTN cell C. NTN The broadcast information is related to access. In this embodiment, the broadcast information acquisition unit 320 may be configured as a receiving unit to receive the broadcast information.

[0059] The handover execution unit 330 performs the handover of UE 300. Specifically, the handover execution unit 330 performs the handover from the source cell to the target cell. In particular, in this embodiment, the handover execution unit 330 can also perform the handover from TN cell C. TN To NTN cell C NTN The handover, or from NTN cell C NTN To TN cell C TN Switching.

[0060] In addition, TN cell C TN It can also be changed to NTN cell C by switching the feeder link (FL). NTN Similarly, NTN cell C NTN It can also be changed to TN cell C by switching the feeder link (FL). TN In this case, relay station devices such as HAPS200 can also perform handover. The change in satellite (path) caused by such FL handover can also be referred to as site diversity in FL.

[0061] The control unit 340 controls the functional blocks constituting the UE 300. In particular, in this embodiment, the control unit 340 can maintain communication with the TN cell C...TN In the connection (SL) state of the RRC, after performing network-side transfer from TN cell C TN To NTN cell C NTN In the event of changes, specific processing is performed based on the received broadcast information (SIB1, SIB19). The network side, from TN cell C... TN To NTN cell C NTN The change could refer to, for example, the feeder link (FL) being switched from the TN cell C via LEO160 (the site diversity of the FL). TN It was changed to be NTN cell C NTN The operation.

[0062] Specific processing may refer to the accompanying change to NTN cell C. NTN It is an NTN-specific sync process. However, it may not necessarily be a sync process; it could also be a TA reset, etc.

[0063] Control unit 340 can also be interpreted as: maintaining communication with TN cell C TN In the RRC connection (SL) state, this specific processing is performed in the event of a failure in the wireless link (feeder link) between the gateway device 100 and the HAPS200 (relay station device). Examples of feeder link failures include, but are not limited to, attenuation caused by rainfall.

[0064] (3) Operation of wireless communication system

[0065] Next, the operation of the wireless communication system 10 will be explained. Specifically, examples of the operation of the gateway device 100 and UE300, etc., related to site diversity of the feeder link (FL), will be explained.

[0066] (3.1) Prerequisites and topics

[0067] As described above, the frequency band for the FL (Flexible Interchange) targeting HAPS200 is envisioned to utilize the millimeter wave (38 GHz) band. That is, the frequency band for the FL targeting HAPS200 becomes a higher frequency band than that of other FLs and the Serving Link (SL).

[0068] The 38GHz band suffers from significant degradation in communication quality due to rainfall attenuation. When used as a backhaul line for a PLMN (TN), the impact of rainfall affects the overall quality of communication services in the area, thus becoming a problem.

[0069] Figure 4 This shows the formation of a TN cell C via HAPS200. TNIn this case, the feeder link experienced rainfall attenuation. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the FL in the 38GHz band is more susceptible to rainfall attenuation compared to other FLs and SLs. Therefore, in the TN cell C... TN In the UE300 (and CPE (Customer Premises Equipment)) performing wireless communication, although SL is normal, the communication quality is degraded.

[0070] Therefore, considering that SL remains unchanged (i.e., maintains the RRC_CONNECTED state), the FL is switched from TN cell C. TN Switch to NTN cell C NTN .

[0071] Figure 5 This shows the formation of a TN cell C via HAPS200. TN In this case, the FL will be switched to a state via LEO160. Thus, in a multi-layer network utilizing GEO150, LEO160, and HAPS200, site diversity in the FL as described above can be performed, but while maintaining connectivity with TN cell C... TN In the connection (SL) state of the RRC, when switching from TN cell C via FL TN Switch to NTN cell C NTN At that time, a notification for UE300 is required.

[0072] If it is a regenerative relay type payload, then the TN cell C can be flexibly changed simply by switching the FL. TN or NTN cell C NTN This increases the options for site diversity. (By...) Figure 4 The path shown (refer to the thick line) has been changed to Figure 5 The path shown (refer to the thick line) can construct NTN cell C. NTN .

[0073] (3.2) Example of an action

[0074] The following is an explanation and... Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 Examples of actions associated with the execution of site diversity in a feeder link as shown.

[0075] Figure 6 This illustrates an example of a communication sequence between gateway device 100, HAPS200, and UE300 related to site diversity in a feeder link (from TN cell C). TN To NTN cell C NTN (Changes).

[0076] likeFigure 6 As shown, UE300 can send data to TN cell C TN In the initial connection process, UE capability information (UE Capability information) containing information indicating whether UE300 supports NTN access (NTN capable: NTN supported) is sent to HAPS200 in advance (step 1).

[0077] Source side (TN cell C) TN The gateway device 100 and HAPS200 (on the side) confirm the communication status of the feeder link (FL). If the communication quality is determined to be degraded, HAPS200 can decide to send a message to the NTN cell C. NTN The handover process (steps 2 and 3) is then implemented. Furthermore, the method for confirming the communication status of the FL can be specified separately from the 3GPP specifications. When measuring the communication quality of the FL, in the case of a regenerable relay payload, RRC reconfiguration with the UE300 is not required.

[0078] HAPS200 towards the target side (NTN cell C) NTN The gateway device 100 on the target side sends a handover request (HO request) (step 4). The gateway device 100 on the target side relays the approval (HO ack) for the handover request to HAPS200 and the broadcast information (SIB1, SIB19, etc.) required for NTN access by UE300 (step 5). The broadcast information is the information required for handover to NTN access on the target side (handover destination), specifically, information such as distanceThresh contained in SIB19.

[0079] HAPS200 broadcasts this information to TN cell C to which UE300 is connected. TN (Step 6). Based on this broadcast information, UE300, while maintaining the connection (SL) in RRC, establishes a connection from TN cell C. TN To the modified NTN cell C NTN The connection (step 7). Thus, from the UE300's perspective, the SL path remains unchanged, while the FL path changes, from TN cell C... TN Switch to NTN cell C NTN As mentioned above, UE300 can perform NTN-specific synchronization establishment processes, etc.

[0080] UE300 and HAPS200 report to the network side, such as gateway device 100, and to NTN cell C. NTN The connection-related processing has been completed (step 8).

[0081] Figure 7 An example of a communication sequence between gateway device 100, HAPS200, and UE300 related to site diversity in a feeder link is shown (from NTN cell C). NTN To TN cell C TN (Changes).

[0082] If we consider that feeder links are easily affected by factors such as rainfall attenuation, then it is also considered that from TN cell C TN To NTN cell C NTN The change (handover) is a reality, but it can also be performed from NTN cell C using the same method. NTN To TN cell C TN Changes, such as... Figure 7 As shown, UE300 can establish a connection from NTN cell C based on this broadcast information while maintaining the connection (SL) in RRC. NTN To the changed TN cell C TN The connection (step 7).

[0083] (3.3) Deformation

[0084] The following describes variations of the above implementation method. In addition to GEO / LEO / HAPS, overhead nodes may also include medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites or drones, and any combination thereof may be used. At least one regenerative relay node (relay station device) needs to be installed between UE300 and the network.

[0085] In NTN cell C NTN In the case of broadcast information, the content broadcast via SIB19 can be appropriately modified to perform NTN-specific synchronization, etc. For example, in the cases of GEO and LEO, the synchronization parameters are required, but in the case of HAPS, these parameters can be omitted. For TN cell C TN and NTN cell C NTN Public broadcast information can also be broadcast through broadcast information other than MIB and SIB1.

[0086] In FL, site diversity is not necessarily triggered by actual rainfall attenuation; it can also be based on rainfall prediction algorithms, partial link congestion, or overall network optimization algorithms.

[0087] Furthermore, the site diversity method and path only need to be maintained in TN cell C while maintaining the RRC_CONNECTED state. TN With NTN cell C NTNThe switching between them can be done by any method and / or path. For example, other ground station devices (gateway devices, etc.) in the FL can be selected, or multi-hop between overhead nodes or simultaneous connection of more than two sites can be applied (carrier aggregation or dual connection, etc., TN cell C). TN and NTN community C NTN (They can coexist) etc.

[0088] (4) Functions and effects

[0089] According to the above implementation method, the following effects can be obtained. Specifically, according to the wireless communication system 10, when the UE300 maintains communication with the TN cell C... TN In the connected state of the RRC, broadcast information such as SIB19 can be transmitted. Therefore, in the wireless communication system 10 cooperating between NTN and TN, the serving link (SL) can be maintained, and site diversity based on feeder link (FL) handover can be achieved. In particular, the TN cell C can be flexibly changed simply by handover of the FL. TN or NTN cell C NTN This allows for an increase in the options for site-specific distribution.

[0090] Therefore, site diversity can be achieved by maintaining the RRC_CONNECTED state between regenerative relay nodes such as HAPS200 and UE300, which can help improve network efficiency.

[0091] Furthermore, this FL switching can also be applied to situations where communication quality deteriorates for FLs targeting the HAPS200, such as due to rainfall attenuation. Therefore, stable communication quality can be maintained even when using the millimeter-wave band, which is susceptible to rainfall.

[0092] (5) Other implementation methods

[0093] The above describes the implementation method, but it is not limited to the description of this implementation method. It will be self-evident to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made.

[0094] For example, in the above implementation, SIB19 was mainly used as the broadcast information (system information). However, broadcast information other than SIB19 can also be used as long as it can broadcast the information required for NTN access of UE300. Furthermore, the information required for NTN access does not necessarily have to be broadcast like SIB, and can also be sent to UE300 via unicast.

[0095] In addition, the gateway device (ground station device) may also have some or all of the functions of the gNB.

[0096] Furthermore, in the above description, the terms configure, activate, update, indicate, enable, specify, and select can be interchanged. Similarly, the terms link, associate, correspond, and map can be interchanged, as can allocate, assign, monitor, and map.

[0097] Furthermore, specific, dedicated, UE specific, and UE dedicated can be used interchangeably. Similarly, common, shared, group-common, UE common, and UE shared can also be used interchangeably.

[0098] The block structure diagram used in the description of the above embodiments ( Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagram illustrates blocks organized by function. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method of each functional block. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. Functional blocks can be implemented by combining software with one or more of the aforementioned devices.

[0099] The functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, consideration, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, the functional block (structural part) that enables sending is called the transmitting unit or transmitter. In short, as mentioned above, there are no particular limitations on the implementation method.

[0100] Furthermore, the aforementioned gateway device 100 and UE300 (the device) can function as computers for processing wireless communication methods according to the present disclosure.Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of the device. (As shown...) Figure 8 As shown, the device can also be configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, and a bus 1007.

[0101] Additionally, in the following description, the term "device" can be replaced with "circuit," "device," "unit," etc. The hardware structure of this device can be configured as either a device comprising one or more of the illustrated components, or a device without any components.

[0102] The functional blocks of the device (refer to) Figure 2 , Figure 3 This can be achieved through any hardware element or combination of hardware elements in the computer device.

[0103] Furthermore, the functions of the device are implemented by reading predetermined software (programs) into hardware such as processor 1001 and memory 1002, so that processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication of communication device 1004 or controls at least one of reading and writing data in memory 1002 and storage device 1003.

[0104] The processor 1001 controls the computer as a whole by instructing the operating system to operate. The processor 1001 may also be a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic units, registers, etc.

[0105] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one direction of memory 1002 in the storage device 1003 and the communication device 1004, and performs various processes accordingly. The program is used to cause the computer to perform at least a portion of the actions described in the above embodiments. Moreover, the various processes described above can be executed by one processor 1001, or by two or more processors 1001 simultaneously or sequentially. The processor 1001 can also be implemented using more than one chip. Additionally, the program can be transmitted from a network via a telecommunications line.

[0106] The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of the following: read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and random access memory (RAM). The memory 1002 may be referred to as a register, cache memory, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 may store programs (program code), software modules, etc., capable of executing the methods involved in one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0107] Storage device 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, and may be composed of at least one of the following: optical discs such as CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), hard disk drives, floppy disks, magneto-optical discs (e.g., compact discs, digital multipurpose discs, Blu-ray discs), smart cards, flash memory (e.g., cards, sticks, key drives), floppy disks, magnetic stripes, etc. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device. The aforementioned recording medium may, for example, be a database, server, or other suitable media that includes at least one of memory 1002 and storage device 1003.

[0108] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transceiver) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. For example, it may also be called a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc.

[0109] The communication device 1004 may also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc., to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD).

[0110] Input device 1005 is an input device that accepts input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, LED, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be integrated (e.g., a touch panel).

[0111] Furthermore, devices such as processor 1001 and memory 1002 are connected via bus 1007 for communicating information. Bus 1007 can be a single bus or can be composed of different buses between devices.

[0112] Furthermore, the device can be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), which can be used to implement some or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0113] Furthermore, the notification of information is not limited to the forms / implementations described in this disclosure, and other methods may also be used. For example, the notification of information may be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB))), other signals, or combinations thereof. In addition, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, for example, it may be an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, etc.

[0114] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to systems utilizing Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Super 3, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG) (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal), Future Radio Access (FRA), New Radio (NR), W-CDMA (registered trademark), GSM (registered trademark), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), other suitable systems, and next-generation systems based on these systems and extended thereon. In addition, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of at least one of LTE and LTE-A with 5G).

[0115] The processing steps, timing, and processes described in this disclosure can be rearranged in order without contradiction. For example, the illustrated order is used to indicate the elements of each step in the methods described in this disclosure, but the order is not limited to the specific order indicated.

[0116] In this disclosure, certain actions performed by the base station are sometimes also performed by its upper node, depending on the circumstances. In a network consisting of one or more network nodes having a base station, it is obvious that various actions performed to communicate with a terminal can be performed by at least one of the base station and other network nodes besides the base station (e.g., considering an MME or S-GW, but not limited to these). The above illustration depicts a case where there is only one other network node besides the base station, but it can also be a combination of multiple other network nodes (e.g., an MME and an S-GW).

[0117] Information and signals (such as data) can be output from a higher (or lower) layer to a lower (or higher) layer. They can also be input or output through multiple network nodes.

[0118] Input or output information can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using a management table. Input and output information can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information can also be deleted. Input information can also be sent to other devices.

[0119] The determination can be made by the value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), by a Boolean value (Boolean: true or false), or by comparing numerical values ​​(e.g., comparing with a predetermined value).

[0120] The various forms / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually or in combination, and can be switched depending on the execution. Furthermore, the notification of predetermined information is not limited to explicit notification (e.g., a "Yes X" notification) but can also be implicit notification (e.g., not notifying the predetermined information).

[0121] Software, whether called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or by other names, should be broadly interpreted as referring to commands, command sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subroutines, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0122] In addition, software, commands, and information can also be sent and received via transmission media. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of transmission media.

[0123] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, the data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., that may be involved in the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination of these.

[0124] Furthermore, the terms used in this disclosure and those necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, at least one of the channel and symbol may also be a signal (signaling). Additionally, a signal may also be a message. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as carrier frequency, cell, frequency carrier, etc.

[0125] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are used interchangeably.

[0126] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure may be represented using absolute values, relative values ​​to predetermined values, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may also be indicated using indexes.

[0127] The names used for the above parameters are non-limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the formulas, etc., using these parameters may sometimes differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (e.g., PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any appropriate name, and therefore the various names assigned to these channels and information elements are non-limiting in any respect.

[0128] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)," "wireless base station," "fixed station," "NodeB," "eNodeB (eNB)," "gNodeB (gNB)," "access point," "transmission point," "reception point," "transmission / reception point," "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," and "component carrier" are used interchangeably. Sometimes, terms such as macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are also used to refer to base stations.

[0129] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells (also called sectors). When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also provide communication services through the base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head: RRH)).

[0130] Terms such as “cell” or “sector” refer to a portion or the entire coverage area of ​​at least one of the base stations and base station subsystems that provide communication services within that coverage area.

[0131] In this disclosure, the base station sending information to the terminal can also be replaced by the base station instructing the terminal on information-based control / actions.

[0132] In this disclosure, the terms "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" are used interchangeably.

[0133] For mobile stations, those skilled in the art sometimes also use the following terms: subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, handheld device, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other appropriate terms.

[0134] At least one of the base station and mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, receiving device, communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and mobile station can also be a device mounted on a mobile body, the mobile body itself, etc. This mobile body can be a vehicle (e.g., a car, an airplane, etc.), a mobile body moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Furthermore, at least one of the base station and mobile station also includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication. For example, at least one of the base station and mobile station can be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0135] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be replaced by a mobile station (user terminal, hereinafter the same). For example, various forms / implementations of this disclosure can also be applied to structures that replace communication between the base station and the mobile station with communication between multiple mobile stations (e.g., also referred to as D2D (Device-to-Device), V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the mobile station has the functions of the base station. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can also be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "side"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc. can be replaced with side channel (or side link).

[0136] Similarly, the mobile station in this disclosure can be replaced by a base station. In this case, the base station can also be configured to have the functions of a mobile station.

[0137] A radio frame can consist of one or more frames in the time domain. Each frame in the time domain is called a subframe. A subframe can also consist of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can have a fixed duration (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0138] A parameter set can be communication parameters applied to at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, a parameter set can represent at least one of the following: Subcarrier Spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, Transmission Time Interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transceiver in the time domain.

[0139] In the time domain, a time slot can be composed of one or more symbols (OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) symbols, SC-FDMA (Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access) symbols, etc.). A time slot can be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0140] A time slot can contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (or PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0141] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can each be referred to by other corresponding names.

[0142] For example, a single subframe can be called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a single time slot or a single mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe or TTI can be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. Furthermore, the unit representing TTI can also be called a time slot, mini-time slot, etc., instead of a subframe.

[0143] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules the allocation of radio resources (bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in units of TTI. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0144] The Time Interval (TTI) can be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., or it can be a processing unit such as scheduling or link adaptation. Furthermore, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) that the transmission block, code block, codeword, etc., are mapped to can be shorter than that TTI.

[0145] Furthermore, when a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can become the minimum time unit for scheduling. In addition, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting this minimum time unit for scheduling can also be controlled.

[0146] A TTI with a duration of 1ms is also called a normal TTI (in LTE Rel.8-12), a long TTI, a normal subframe, a long subframe, or a time slot. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be called a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial or fractional TTI, a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, or a time slot.

[0147] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., a typical TTI, a subframe, etc.) can be understood as a TTI with a duration of more than 1ms, and a short TTI (e.g., a shortened TTI, etc.) can be understood as a TTI with a duration of less than a long TTI but more than 1ms.

[0148] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers contained in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0149] Furthermore, the temporal domain of an RB can include one or more symbols, or it can be the length of a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0150] In addition, one or more RBs can also be called Physical Resource Block (PRB), Sub-Carrier Group (SCG), Resource Element Group (REG), PRB pair, RB pair, etc.

[0151] Furthermore, a resource block can consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, one RE can be a radio resource area consisting of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0152] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also known as partial bandwidth, etc.) represents a subset of contiguous common resource blocks (RBs) used for a specific parameter set on a given carrier. Here, common RBs can be determined by indexing RBs based on a common reference point of that carrier. PRBs can be defined and numbered within a BWP.

[0153] A BWP can include a UL BWP and a DL BWP. One or more BWPs can be set for a UE within a single carrier.

[0154] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and it is not assumed that the UE will transmit or receive predetermined signals / channels outside of an active BWP. Furthermore, the terms "cell," "carrier," etc., used in this disclosure can be replaced with "BWP."

[0155] The structures of radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols described above are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, etc., can be varied in many ways.

[0156] The terms “connected,” “coupled,” or any variations thereof are intended to indicate any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more elements, including cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between the two elements that are “connected” or “coupled.” The combination or connection between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination of these. For example, “access” can be used instead of “connected.” In the context of this disclosure, it can be understood that two elements are “connected” or “coupled” to each other using at least one of one or more wires, cables, and printed electrical connections, and, as some non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, using electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, and light (including both visible and invisible regions) to “connect” or “couple” to each other.

[0157] The reference signal can be simply called the Reference Signal (RS), or, depending on the standard applied, the pilot signal.

[0158] As used in this disclosure, the word "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise expressly stated. In other words, the word "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least" both.

[0159] Alternatively, the "unit" in the structure of the above devices can be replaced with "section", "circuit", "equipment", etc.

[0160] Any reference to elements using the designations “first,” “second,” etc., as used in this disclosure does not necessarily limit the number or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not imply that only two elements can be used there, or that the first element must precede the second element in some form.

[0161] When the terms "include," "including," and their variations are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," imply inclusion. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not refer to XOR.

[0162] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as in English (a, an, and the), this disclosure also includes cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0163] The terms "determining" and "determining" as used in this disclosure sometimes encompass a variety of actions. For example, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, searching (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining. Furthermore, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, and accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory). Additionally, "determining" or "determining" may include actions such as resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, and comparing. That is, "judgment" and "decision" can include situations where certain actions are regarded as having been "judged" or "decided". In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be replaced by "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

[0164] In this disclosure, the phrase "A and B are different" can mean "A and B are different from each other." Additionally, this phrase can also mean "A and B are each different from C." Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different."

[0165] Figure 9 An example of the structure of vehicle 2001 is shown. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the vehicle 2001 includes a drive unit 2002, a steering unit 2003, an accelerator pedal 2004, a brake pedal 2005, a gear shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, an axle 2009, an electronic control unit 2010, various sensors 2021 to 2029, an information service unit 2012, and a communication module 2013.

[0166] The drive unit 2002 may be composed of, for example, an engine, a motor, or a hybrid powertrain of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 2003 includes at least a steering wheel (also called a steering wheel), configured to steer at least one of the front and rear wheels based on user-operated steering wheel movements. The electronic control unit 2010 consists of a microprocessor 2031, a memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and a communication port (I / O port) 2033. Signals from various sensors 2021 to 2027 present in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 2010. The electronic control unit 2010 may also be referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0167] The signals from various sensors 2021 to 2028 include current signals from current sensor 2021 that senses the current of the motor, speed signals of the front and rear wheels obtained by speed sensor 2022, air pressure signals of the front and rear wheels obtained by air pressure sensor 2023, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 2024, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 2025, accelerator pedal input signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 2029, brake pedal input signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 2026, gear lever operation signals obtained by gear lever sensor 2027, and detection signals for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by object detection sensor 2028.

[0168] The Information Service Unit 2012 consists of various devices such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, television, and radio, which provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The Information Service Unit 2012 uses information obtained from external devices via communication modules 2013, etc., to provide various multimedia information and multimedia services to the occupants of vehicle 1.

[0169] The Information Services Department 2012 may include input devices (such as keyboards, mice, microphones, switches, buttons, sensors, touch panels, etc.) that accept input from external sources, and may also include output devices (such as monitors, speakers, LEDs, touch panels, etc.) that implement output to external sources.

[0170] The Driver Assistance System 2030 comprises various devices used to prevent accidents or reduce driver workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., GNSS), map information (e.g., high-definition (HD) maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps), gyroscope systems (e.g., IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit), INS (Inertial Navigation System)), AI (Artificial Intelligence) chips, and AI processors, as well as one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the Driver Assistance System 2030 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 2013 to achieve driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0171] The communication module 2013 can communicate with the microprocessor 2031 and the components of the vehicle 1 via the communication port. For example, the communication module 2013 can send and receive data with the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear shift lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axle 2009, microprocessor 2031 in the electronic control unit 2010, memory (ROM, RAM) 2032, and sensors 2021 to 2028 in the vehicle 2001 via the communication port 2033.

[0172] The communication module 2013, controlled by the microprocessor 2031 of the electronic control unit 2010, is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information with external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 2013 can be located inside or outside the electronic control unit 2010. External devices can be, for example, base stations, mobile stations, etc.

[0173] The communication module 2013 can also wirelessly transmit at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 2010 from the various sensors 2021-2028, the information obtained based on those signals, and the information obtained via the information service unit 2012 based on input from an external source (user) to an external device. The electronic control unit 2010, the various sensors 2021-2028, and the information service unit 2012 can also be referred to as input units that receive input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 2013 may include information based on the aforementioned inputs.

[0174] The communication module 2013 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it on the information service unit 2012 of the vehicle. The information service unit 2012 can also be referred to as an output unit for outputting information (for example, outputting information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 2013 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH). In addition, the communication module 2013 stores the various information received from external devices in a memory 2032 available to the microprocessor 2031. The microprocessor 2031 can also control the drive unit 2002, steering unit 2003, accelerator pedal 2004, brake pedal 2005, gear lever 2006, left and right front wheels 2007, left and right rear wheels 2008, axles 2009, sensors 2021 to 2028, etc., of the vehicle 2001 based on the information stored in the memory 2032.

[0175] The present disclosure has been described in detail above, but it will be clear to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described herein. The present disclosure can be implemented in modified and altered ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the claims. Therefore, the description in this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way.

[0176] (Postscript)

[0177] The above disclosure can also be expressed as follows. A first feature is a gateway device comprising: a control unit that controls a connection with a terminal performing wireless communication via a first cell or a second cell, the first cell being a cell via a terrestrial network and the second cell being a cell via a non-terrestrial network; and a transmission unit that, while the terminal maintains a connection with the radio resource control layer of the first cell, transmits broadcast information related to access to the second cell to the first cell.

[0178] The second feature is that, in the first feature, the transmitting unit sends broadcast information related to access to the first cell to the second cell while the terminal maintains a connection with the radio resource control layer of the second cell.

[0179] The third feature is that, in the first or second feature, the transmitting unit transmits the broadcast information while the terminal maintains a wireless link via the first cell.

[0180] The fourth feature is a terminal, wherein the terminal comprises: a communication unit that performs wireless communication via a first cell or a second cell, the first cell being a cell via a terrestrial network and the second cell being a cell via a non-terrestrial network; a receiving unit that receives broadcast information related to access to the second cell; and a control unit that, while maintaining a connection to the radio resource control layer, performs specific processing based on the broadcast information when a change from the first cell to the second cell is performed on the network side.

[0181] The fifth feature is that, in the fourth feature, when the control unit performs the specific processing in the event of a failure of the wireless link between the gateway device and the relay station device while maintaining the connection of the wireless resource control layer, the control unit performs the specific processing.

[0182] Label Explanation

[0183] 10 Wireless Communication Systems

[0184] 30 5GC

[0185] 40 Data Network

[0186] 100 Gateway Device

[0187] 110 Wireless Communications Department

[0188] 120 Broadcast Information Processing Department

[0189] 130 Control Department

[0190] 150GEO

[0191] 160LEO

[0192] 170gNB

[0193] 200HAPS

[0194] 300UE

[0195] 310 Wireless Communications Department

[0196] 320 Broadcast Information Acquisition Department

[0197] 330 Switching Execution Unit

[0198] 340 Control Department

[0199] 1001 processor

[0200] 1002 Memory

[0201] 1003 Storage device

[0202] 1004 Communication device

[0203] 1005 Input Device

[0204] 1006 Output Device

[0205] 1007 bus

[0206] Vehicle 2001

[0207] 2002 Drive Unit

[0208] 2003 Steering Unit

[0209] 2004 Accelerator Pedal

[0210] 2005 Brake Pedal

[0211] 2006 gearshift lever

[0212] Front wheels around 2007

[0213] 2008 rear wheels (left and right)

[0214] 2009 axle

[0215] 2010 Electronic Control Department

[0216] 2012 Information Service Department

[0217] 2013 Communication Module

[0218] 2021 Current Sensor

[0219] 2022 Speed ​​Sensor

[0220] 2023 Barometric Pressure Sensor

[0221] 2024 vehicle speed sensor

[0222] 2025 Accelerometer

[0223] 2026 Brake Pedal Sensor

[0224] 2027 Gearshift sensor

[0225] 2028 Object Detection Sensor

[0226] 2029 Accelerator Pedal Sensor

[0227] 2030 Driver Assistance Systems Department

[0228] 2031 microprocessor

[0229] 2032 Memory (ROM, RAM)

[0230] 2033 Communication Port

Claims

1. A gateway device, wherein, The gateway device has: The control unit controls the connection between itself and a terminal that performs wireless communication via a first cell or a second cell, wherein the first cell is a cell via a terrestrial network and the second cell is a cell via a non-terrestrial network. as well as The transmitting unit, while the terminal maintains a connection with the radio resource control layer of the first cell, transmits broadcast information related to access to the second cell to the first cell.

2. The gateway device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmitting unit sends broadcast information related to access to the first cell to the second cell while the terminal maintains a connection with the radio resource control layer of the second cell.

3. The gateway device according to claim 1, wherein, The transmitting unit transmits the broadcast information while the terminal maintains the wireless link via the first cell.

4. A terminal, wherein, The terminal has: The communications department performs wireless communication via a first cell or a second cell, wherein the first cell is a cell via a terrestrial network and the second cell is a cell via a non-terrestrial network; The receiving unit receives broadcast information related to access to the second cell; as well as The control unit, while maintaining the connection of the radio resource control layer, performs specific processing based on the broadcast information when a change from the first cell to the second cell is executed on the network side.

5. The terminal according to claim 4, wherein, If a wireless link failure occurs between the gateway device and the relay station device while the connection of the wireless resource control layer is maintained, the control unit performs the specific processing.

6. A wireless communication method, wherein, The wireless communication method includes the following steps: The gateway device controls the connection between a terminal that performs wireless communication via a first cell or a second cell, wherein the first cell is a cell via a terrestrial network and the second cell is a cell via a non-terrestrial network; as well as When the terminal maintains a connection with the radio resource control layer of the first cell, the gateway device sends broadcast information related to access to the second cell to the first cell.

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