Hydrogen-powered decoupling type carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen-powered decoupling type carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system and method, and belongs to the field of carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction, and the method comprises the following steps: under the driving of renewable electric energy, a carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction reaction is carried out in a cathode region of an electrolysis system, and carbon dioxide is reduced under the action of a catalyst; carrying out gas-liquid separation and gas drying to obtain gas and liquid products; pCET electrochemical oxidation reaction of an organic matter electric coupling agent is carried out in the anode region; an organic matter electric coupling agent is introduced as a medium, H2 oxidation is separated from an electrochemical process, and meanwhile, energy released by H2 oxidation is utilized to promote a low-energy-consumption carbon dioxide electroreduction process; the oxidized organic matter electric coupling agent is circulated to an external buffer tank through a pump, and a buffer tank solution is circulated to the reduction reaction tower through a pump and reacts with hydrogen in the reduction reaction tower to be chemically reduced to achieve regeneration. The electrolysis energy consumption is reduced, the carbon utilization rate is increased, and the method plays an important role in low-carbon comprehensive utilization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide, and more particularly to a hydrogen-powered decoupled electrochemical reduction system and method for carbon dioxide. BACKGROUND

[0002] Global industrialization has led to a large consumption of fossil energy, and China's energy structure dominated by coal will not change fundamentally in the short term. The problem of carbon emissions (CO2) caused by the burning of fossil fuels is becoming increasingly serious. In order to meet future demand, coal-fired power plants need to use carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology to achieve low carbon emissions.

[0003] Low-temperature electrocatalytic CO2RR is one of the most promising methods for sustainable production of fuels and chemicals, however, high energy input and low energy efficiency are still the main obstacles to its large-scale application in real life. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provide a hydrogen-powered decoupled electrochemical reduction system and method for carbon dioxide, which can reduce the electrolysis energy consumption of the overall process and improve the carbon utilization rate, and can play a major role in the future in the low-carbon comprehensive utilization of traditional energy sources such as coal and oil.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following scheme: The application discloses a hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system, which is characterized by comprising an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, a renewable energy power generation device, a first liquid conveying pipe, a first liquid pumping device, a second liquid conveying pipe, a liquid storage tank, a third liquid conveying pipe, a second liquid pumping device, a fourth liquid conveying pipe, an H2 reaction kettle, a fifth liquid conveying pipe, a sixth liquid conveying pipe, an anode reaction zone, an anion exchange membrane, a cathode reaction zone, an anode plate and a cathode plate; the electrolytic cell is connected with the renewable energy power generation device for power supply through a wire; one side of the electrolytic cell is connected with the first liquid conveying pipe; the first liquid conveying pipe is connected with the anode reaction zone; one end of the first liquid conveying pipe is connected with the first liquid pumping device; the liquid outlet of the first liquid pumping device is connected with the second liquid conveying pipe; one end of the second liquid conveying pipe is connected with the liquid storage tank; the bottom end of the liquid storage tank is connected with the third liquid conveying pipe; one end of the third liquid conveying pipe is connected with the second liquid pumping device; the liquid outlet of the second liquid pumping device is connected with the fourth liquid conveying pipe; one end of the fourth liquid conveying pipe is connected with the H2 reaction kettle; the H2 reaction kettle is connected with the fifth liquid conveying pipe; one end of the fifth liquid conveying pipe is connected with the liquid storage tank; the liquid storage tank is connected with the sixth liquid conveying pipe; one end of the sixth liquid conveying pipe is connected with the anode reaction zone; the middle part of the electrolytic cell is provided with the anion exchange membrane; one side of the anion exchange membrane is provided with the anode reaction zone; the other side of the anion exchange membrane is provided with the cathode reaction zone; one side wall of the anode reaction zone is provided with the anode plate; and one side wall of the cathode reaction zone is provided with the cathode plate.

[0006] Further, the renewable energy power generation device is connected with the anode plate and the cathode plate through wires respectively.

[0007] Further, the first liquid conveying pipe is inserted into the inside of the anode reaction zone.

[0008] Further, the inside of the cathode reaction zone is filled with CO2 electrochemical reduction electrolyte; the types of the CO2 electrochemical reduction electrolyte include acid H2SO4 solution, weak alkaline KHCO3 solution and alkaline KOH solution. Further, the inside of the anode reaction zone is provided with a solution of dissolved organic matter electric coupling agent Q; the types of the organic matter electric coupling agent include AQDS, ADS, DHP, DSPZ, BQDS, [Fe (CN) 6] 3- / 4- , MDEA, Tiron, TironA and derivatives thereof, phenol and derivatives thereof, phenothiazine derivatives and ferrocene derivatives or organic matters with redox electrochemical reaction activity.

[0009] Further, the inside of the H2 reaction kettle is provided with a catalyst; the types of the catalyst include any one of platinum catalyst, foam nickel substrate catalyst, molybdenum disulfide catalyst electrode and catalyst capable of catalyzing HOR.

[0010] Further, the reduced organic matter electric coupling agent QH2 is dissolved in the electrolyte, and an oxidation reaction is carried out in the anode reaction area of the electrolytic cell to obtain the oxidized organic matter electric coupling agent Q,

[0011] The second liquid pumping pump is used to pass through the third infusion pipe and the fourth infusion pipe to enter the reaction kettle, and the oxidized organic matter electric coupling agent Q is subjected to a spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction with H2 under the action of the catalyst to generate QH2,

[0012] The obtained QH2 passes through the fifth infusion pipe and the sixth infusion pipe to enter the anode reaction area, so that the stable circulation of the organic matter electric coupling agent is completed.

[0013] Further, the cathode reaction area is subjected to a CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction under the catalysis of the catalyst.

[0014] Further, the catalyst includes any one of cobalt phthalocyanine, nickel phthalocyanine, a silver-based catalyst, a copper-based catalyst and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the CO2 electrochemical reduction; the cobalt phthalocyanine is selected as the catalyst for the cathode carbon dioxide reduction reaction, and the anode is subjected to the following reaction: ; The overall reaction formula of the system is: .

[0015] A hydrogen energy decoupling type carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, build the hydrogen energy decoupling type carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system as described above, the photovoltaic or wind power provides renewable electric energy, and the direct current is transmitted to the power supply through the rectifier, and under the driving of the renewable electric energy, the cathode area of the electrolysis system is subjected to a carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction reaction, and the carbon dioxide is reduced under the action of the catalyst; Step 2, carry out the gas-liquid separation and gas drying step to obtain gas and liquid products; at the same time, the anode area is subjected to an electrochemical oxidation reaction of the reduced organic matter electric coupling agent; the organic matter electric coupling agent is introduced as a medium to separate the H2 oxidation and the electrochemical process, and the energy released by the H2 oxidation is used to promote the low-energy carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction process; the oxidized organic matter electric coupling agent is circulated to the external buffer tank by a pump, and the buffer tank solution is circulated to the reduction reaction tower by a pump, and is chemically reduced by reacting with hydrogen in the reduction reaction tower to realize regeneration.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application include: (1) The hydrogen energy decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system can independently obtain renewable energy by using a solar photovoltaic unit, and can convert carbon dioxide gas which causes greenhouse effect into chemical raw materials with high added value by using hydrogen as a green energy carrier through electrochemical means, thereby playing a significant role in low-carbon comprehensive utilization of traditional energy such as coal and fuel oil in the future.

[0017] (2) The hydrogen energy decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system can realize electrochemical reduction of CO2 by using organic matter electrocoupling agent to compete with anode electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction, combining electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR) technology, and constructing a hydrogen energy decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system.

[0018] (3) The hydrogen energy decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system can replace O2 electrochemical oxidation reaction by using organic matter electrocoupling agent to perform electrochemical oxidation reaction through oxidation-reduction principle, and the organic matter electrocoupling agent can spontaneously perform chemical reduction under the action of a catalyst, so that H2 oxidation reaction and CO2 reduction reaction are separated in time scale and space scale, the high energy consumption problem caused by high overpotential of O2 oxidation reaction is avoided, and the carbon utilization rate is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the system of the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the embodiment of the present application. In the figure, 1 is an electrolytic cell, 2 is a renewable energy power generation device, 3 is a first liquid conveying pipe, 4 is a first liquid pumping pump, 5 is a second liquid conveying pipe, 6 is a liquid storage tank, 7 is a third liquid conveying pipe, 8 is a second liquid pumping pump, 9 is a fourth liquid conveying pipe, 10 is an H2 reaction kettle, 11 is a fifth liquid conveying pipe, 12 is a sixth liquid conveying pipe, 13 is an anode reaction zone, 14 is a cathode reaction zone, 15 is an anion exchange membrane, 16 is an anode plate, and 17 is a cathode plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] All features disclosed in this specification, and / or all methods or processes disclosed in this specification may be combined in any combination, and / or substituted, unless specific combinations or substitutions are not technically possible. Each combination and / or substitution is also expressly disclosed herein as an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] In view of the problems in the background, the inventors of the present application believe that combining CO2RR with HOR can solve the problems in the background while reducing energy input. Therefore, developing a hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction technology is an effective method to solve the application obstacles of CO2RR. H2 is a substance with reducing properties and contains abundant chemical energy. In addition, CO2 is a non-toxic, inexpensive, and abundant carbon source that can be reduced to high-value products such as methanol and methane. By utilizing the advantages of H2 and CO2, indirect H2 oxidation and CO2 electrochemical reduction are introduced into the electrolysis system, which realizes hydrogen-powered while converting CO2 into high-value-added products, which is an effective strategy to solve the above problems.

[0023] In the present application, an electrolysis system combined with proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) is involved. By introducing an organic electrocoupling agent as a medium, H2 oxidation (HOR) is separated from the electrochemical process, and the energy released by H2 oxidation is used to promote the low-energy carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction process (CO2RR), thereby constructing a hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system to achieve low-energy, high-efficiency, and stable carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction.

[0024] More specifically, the present application also proposes a hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction strategy, and designs a decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system. The system is driven by renewable energy to provide electrical energy, and uses an organic electrocoupling agent with PCET electrochemical reaction activity as a medium. According to the reaction principle of PCET, the CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction and the H2 oxidation reaction are separated in time and different spaces, so as to realize the function of low-energy carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction by hydrogen-powered.

[0025] In the specific embodiment, photovoltaic or wind power provides renewable electric energy, which is rectified by a UPS rectifier to deliver direct current to a power supply. Under the driving of the renewable electric energy, a carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2RR) occurs in a cathode region of an electrolysis system. Under the action of a catalyst, carbon dioxide (CO2) is reduced to high value-added products such as methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), methanol (CH3OH), formic acid (HCOOH), and the like. Further gas-liquid separation, gas drying and other steps are performed to obtain gas and liquid products. At the same time, an anode region performs a PCET electrochemical oxidation reaction of an organic matter electrocoupling agent. The oxidized organic matter electrocoupling agent is circulated to an external buffer tank by a pump, and the buffer tank solution is circulated to a reduction reaction tower by a pump to react with hydrogen (H2) in the reduction reaction tower to be chemically reduced to be regenerated. Taking the reduction of CO2 to CH4 as an example, the reaction formula is as follows: Cathode region: CO2+8H + +8e - →CH4+2H2O Anode region: QH2-2e - →Q+2H + Chemical reaction region: Q+H2→QH2 Overall reaction: CO2+2H2→CH4+2H2O The hydrogen energy supply decoupling type carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system can indirectly react the H2 oxidation reaction and the CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction in time and space through spatial decoupling, avoid the high overpotential of the O2 oxidation reaction, and the characteristics that no gas is produced in the anode also make CO2 not need to be separated again, which can efficiently improve the carbon utilization rate, does not need the additional consumption of the electrocoupling agent, is conducive to realizing lower cost and higher efficiency of CO2 reduction to prepare organic products, and is helpful for occupying an advantage in the future in the device field of clean utilization of fossil energy.

[0026] The present application has the following characteristics: (1) The present application innovatively combines a proton circulation driven decoupling system with carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction to construct a decoupling type carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction technology and system, uses an organic matter electrocoupling agent as a redox medium, couples the H2 oxidation reaction and the CO2 electrochemical reduction into one system, and realizes hydrogen energy supply carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction.

[0027] (2) The present application provides an electrochemical reduction process based on proton circulation driving, as follows: the electrocoupling agent is oxidized in an anode reaction region of an electrolysis cell, the oxidized electrocoupling agent is circulated to a reduction tower to spontaneously perform an oxidation-reduction reaction with H2 under the action of a catalyst, the reversible circulation of the electrocoupling agent is realized, and a CO2 reduction reaction occurs in a cathode reaction region of the electrolysis cell to produce CH4 under the action of a specific catalyst.

[0028] (3) The system of the present application is conducive to realizing lower cost, lower energy consumption, and higher carbon utilization rate for product production.

[0029] (4) The entire system of the present application can be designed as an integrated device, or as a hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system. Low-cost and environmentally friendly utilization of carbon dioxide to produce chemical raw materials.

[0030] In one embodiment, the present application specifically provides a hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system, comprising: an electrolytic cell 1 for electrolysis, further comprising a renewable energy power generation device 2, a first liquid conveying pipe 3, a first liquid pumping pump 4, a second liquid conveying pipe 5, a liquid storage tank 6, a third liquid conveying pipe 7, a second liquid pumping pump 8, a fourth liquid conveying pipe 9, an H2 reaction kettle 10, a fifth liquid conveying pipe 11, a sixth liquid conveying pipe 12, an anode reaction zone 13, an anion exchange membrane 15, a cathode reaction zone 14, an anode plate 16, and a cathode plate 17; the electrolytic cell 1 is connected to the renewable energy power generation device 2 for power supply through a wire, one side of the electrolytic cell 1 is connected to the first liquid conveying pipe 3, one end of the first liquid conveying pipe 3 is connected to the first liquid pumping pump 4, the liquid outlet of the first liquid pumping pump 4 is connected to the second liquid conveying pipe 5, one end of the second liquid conveying pipe 5 is connected to the liquid storage tank 6, the bottom end of the liquid storage tank 6 is connected to the third liquid conveying pipe 7, one end of the third liquid conveying pipe 7 is connected to the second liquid pumping pump 8, the liquid outlet of the second liquid pumping pump 8 is connected to the fourth liquid conveying pipe 9, one end of the fourth liquid conveying pipe 9 is connected to the H2 reaction kettle 10, the H2 reaction kettle 10 is connected to the fifth liquid conveying pipe 11, one end of the fifth liquid conveying pipe 11 is connected to the liquid storage tank 6, the liquid storage tank 6 is connected to the sixth liquid conveying pipe 12, and one end of the sixth liquid conveying pipe 12 is connected to the anode reaction zone 13; the middle part of the electrolytic cell 1 is provided with the anion exchange membrane 15, one side of the anion exchange membrane 15 is provided with the anode reaction zone 13, the other side of the anion exchange membrane 15 is provided with the cathode reaction zone 14, one side wall of the anode reaction zone 13 is installed with the anode plate 16, and one side wall of the cathode reaction zone 14 is installed with the cathode plate 17.

[0031] In other embodiments, the renewable energy power generation device 2 is connected to the anode plate 16 and the cathode plate 17 through wires, respectively.

[0032] In other embodiments, the first liquid conveying pipe 3 is inserted into the inside of the anode reaction zone 13.

[0033] In other embodiments, the inside of the cathode reaction zone 14 is filled with CO2 electrochemical reduction electrolyte. It should be noted that the types of CO2 electrochemical reduction electrolyte include but are not limited to acidic H2SO4 solution (typical concentration is 0.5 mol / L), weak alkaline KHCO3 solution (typical concentration is 0.1-0.5 mol / L), and alkaline KOH solution (typical concentration is 1 mol / L).

[0034] In other embodiments, the interior of the anode reaction zone 13 is provided with a solution of dissolved oxidized organic matter electric coupling agent Q. The types of organic matter electric coupling agents include AQDS, ADS, DHP, DSPZ, BQDS, [Fe(CN)6] 3- / 4- , MDEA, Tiron, TironA and its derivatives, phenol and its derivatives, phenothiazine derivatives and ferrocene derivatives or organic matter with redox electrochemical reaction activity.

[0035] In other embodiments, the interior of the H2 reaction kettle 10 is provided with a catalyst. The types of catalysts include any one of platinum-based catalysts, foam nickel-based catalysts, molybdenum disulfide-based catalyst electrodes, and catalysts capable of catalyzing HOR.

[0036] In other embodiments, the design of the organic matter electric coupling agent requires: a type of redox couple with high solubility that can undergo reversible oxidation and reduction, characterized by excellent redox cycling ability, strong stability in electrolyte, and a theoretical redox potential of 0 V vs. RHE slightly higher than the theoretical potential of the hydrogen oxidation reaction, but still lower than the actual potential of O2 generated on the electrode material. The electric coupling agent has good redox properties and is dissolved in the electrolyte. Meet the basic requirements of the electric coupling agent.

[0037] A redox couple is used as an EC-C type electric coupling agent to construct a decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system with self-reduction half-decoupling hydrogen energy. To achieve decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction. A pair of electric coupling agents is used as a carrier circulating between the anode tank and the separate reaction kettle.

[0038] The reduced state electric coupling agent QH2 is dissolved in the electrolyte and oxidized in the anode reaction zone 13 of the electrolytic cell to form the oxidized state organic matter electric coupling agent Q ; The resulting Q passes through the third infusion tube 7 and the fourth infusion tube 9 into the reaction kettle through the second liquid pumping pump 8, and the Q in the reaction kettle undergoes spontaneous redox reaction with H2 under the action of the catalyst, producing QH2.

[0039] ; The resulting QH2 enters the anode reaction zone through the fifth infusion tube 11 and the sixth infusion tube 12, thereby completing the stable circulation of the electric coupling agent.

[0040] In other embodiments, the cathode reaction zone 14 undergoes a CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction under the catalytic action of a specific catalyst. The design requirements of the catalyst are: the catalyst catalyzes the carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2RR) with high selectivity, good activity and stability.

[0041] Phthalocyanine cobalt is selected as a catalyst for cathode carbon dioxide reduction reaction, which meets the requirement of the catalyst for the above anode reaction, and the anode reaction is as follows: ; The overall reaction formula of the whole system is as follows: .

[0042] The above only describes the technical principles and preferred embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can understand that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein. Various obvious changes, adjustments and replacements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, although the present application has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and more other equivalent embodiments can be included without departing from the principles and concepts of the present application, and the scope of the present application is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system powered by hydrogen, characterized in that, The system includes an electrolytic cell (1) for electrolysis, a renewable energy power generation device (2), a first infusion pipe (3), a first pump (4), a second infusion pipe (5), a storage tank (6), a third infusion pipe (7), a second pump (8), a fourth infusion pipe (9), an H2 reactor (10), a fifth infusion pipe (11), a sixth infusion pipe (12), an anode reaction zone (13), an anion exchange membrane (15), a cathode reaction zone (14), an anode plate (16), and a cathode plate (17). The electrolytic cell (1) is connected to the renewable energy power generation device (2) for power supply via wires. The first infusion pipe (3) is connected to one side of the electrolytic cell (1). The first infusion pipe (3) is connected to the anode reaction zone 13. One end of the first infusion pipe (3) is connected to the first pump (4). The outlet of the first pump (4) is connected to the second infusion pipe (5). One end of the second infusion pipe (5) is connected to the storage tank. 6) The bottom end of the storage tank (6) is connected to the third infusion pipe (7), one end of the third infusion pipe (7) is connected to the second pump (8), the outlet of the second pump (8) is connected to the fourth infusion pipe (9), one end of the fourth infusion pipe (9) is connected to the H2 reactor (10), the H2 reactor (10) is connected to the fifth infusion pipe (11), one end of the fifth infusion pipe (11) is connected to the storage tank (6), the storage tank (6) is connected to the sixth infusion pipe (12), one end of the sixth infusion pipe (12) is connected to the anode reaction zone (13); an anion exchange membrane (15) is provided in the middle of the electrolytic cell (1), an anode reaction zone (13) is provided on one side of the anion exchange membrane (15), a cathode reaction zone (14) is provided on the other side of the anion exchange membrane (15), an anode plate (16) is installed on one side wall of the anode reaction zone (13), and a cathode plate (17) is installed on one side wall of the cathode reaction zone (14).

2. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The renewable energy power generation device (2) is connected to the anode plate (16) and the cathode plate (17) respectively by wires.

3. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first infusion tube (3) is inserted into the interior of the anode reaction zone (13).

4. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode reaction zone (14) is filled with CO2 electrochemical reduction electrolyte; The types of electrolytes for CO2 electrochemical reduction include acidic H2SO4 solution, weakly alkaline KHCO3 solution, and alkaline KOH solution.

5. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anolyte reaction zone (13) contains a solution of dissolved oxidized organic electrocoupling agent Q; the types of organic electrocoupling agents include AQDS, ADS, DHP, DSPZ, BQDS, and [Fe(CN)6]. 3- / 4- MDEA, Tiron, Tiron A and its derivatives, phenol and its derivatives, phenthiazide derivatives and ferrocene derivatives or organic compounds with redox electrochemical reactivity.

6. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The H2 reactor (10) is equipped with a catalyst inside; the catalyst type includes any one of platinum catalysts, nickel foam substrate catalysts, molybdenum disulfide catalyst electrodes, and catalysts that can catalyze HOR.

7. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reduced organic electrocoupling agent QH2 is dissolved in the electrolyte and undergoes an oxidation reaction in the anode reaction zone (13) of the electrolytic cell to become the oxidized organic electrocoupling agent Q. The obtained Q is pumped into the reactor via the second pump (8), the third infusion pipe (7), and the fourth infusion pipe (9). In the reactor, the oxidized mass-electric coupling agent Q undergoes a spontaneous redox reaction with H2 under the action of a catalyst to produce QH2. The resulting QH2 enters the anode reaction zone through the fifth infusion tube (11) and the sixth infusion tube (12), thereby completing the stable cycle of the organic electrocoupling agent.

8. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode reaction zone (14) undergoes an electrochemical reduction reaction of CO2 under the catalytic action of the catalyst.

9. The hydrogen-powered decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The catalyst includes any one of cobalt phthalocyanine, nickel phthalocyanine, silver-based catalysts, copper-based catalysts, and catalysts capable of catalyzing the electrochemical reduction of CO2; cobalt phthalocyanine is selected as the catalyst for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction at the cathode, and the following reaction occurs at the anode: ； The overall reaction of the entire system is as follows: 。 10. A decoupled electrochemical reduction method for carbon dioxide powered by hydrogen, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Construct the decoupled carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction system powered by hydrogen as described in claim 7. Photovoltaic or wind power provides renewable electrical energy, which is transmitted to the power source via a rectifier. Driven by the renewable electrical energy, the carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction reaction occurs in the cathode region of the electrolysis system. Under the action of a catalyst, carbon dioxide is reduced. Step two involves gas-liquid separation and gas drying to obtain gaseous and liquid products. Simultaneously, an electrochemical oxidation reaction of a reduced organic electrocoupler is carried out in the anode region. The organic electrocoupler is introduced as a medium to separate the H2 oxidation from the electrochemical process, while the energy released by H2 oxidation is used to promote the low-energy carbon dioxide electroreduction process. The oxidized organic electrocoupling agent is circulated to an external buffer tank via a pump. The buffer tank solution is then circulated to a reduction reaction tower via a pump, where it is chemically reduced by reacting with hydrogen gas to achieve regeneration.

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