Public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to a public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method, device and medium, and belongs to the technical field of carbon emission evaluation, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining public institution power consumption data, calculating carbon emission, collecting building related data to obtain building energy consumption, and determining energy structure, operation management and carbon offset conditions. Carbon emission, building energy consumption and the like are used as evaluation indexes to construct a system, scoring rules are made for the indexes, and scores are obtained. And analyzing the importance scores of the indexes and the public institutions to determine weights, and obtaining the score of the public institution carbon emission evaluation system by combining the index scores and the weights. According to the method, the actual carbon emission condition of the public institution can be reflected more comprehensively and accurately, and the development of energy conservation and emission reduction work is assisted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method, device and medium, belonging to the technical field of carbon emission evaluation. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change, carbon emission problems have been increasingly concerned. As an important part of society, the energy consumption and carbon emission of public institutions have a significant impact on the environment. Accurate assessment of the carbon emission of public institutions is of great significance for formulating energy-saving and emission-reducing strategies and achieving carbon neutralization goals. At present, the carbon emission evaluation of public institutions mainly focuses on single energy type or partial energy consumption data, and lacks a comprehensive evaluation system.

[0003] The prior art such as Chinese patent application with publication number CN119850391A discloses a substation carbon emission evaluation method and system, which comprises the following steps: in the design stage of the substation, the entire life cycle of the substation building is divided into several carbon emission stages according to the different states of electrical equipment; the carbon emission sources of each carbon emission stage and the corresponding carbon emission factors are determined, and the relevant information and influence factor data of each carbon emission source are collected; based on the relevant information, influence factor data and carbon emission factors, the carbon emission of each carbon emission source and the carbon emission of each carbon emission stage are estimated; the carbon emissions of each carbon emission stage are summarized to obtain the total carbon emission of the whole life cycle of the substation building, and the carbon emission of the substation is comprehensively evaluated. However, the above-mentioned patent evaluation system is relatively single, and lacks comprehensive consideration of important dimensions such as building energy consumption, energy structure, operation management and carbon offset. Moreover, although the above-mentioned patent estimates and comprehensively evaluates the carbon emission, it does not establish any scoring rules. This means that the above-mentioned patent can only give a qualitative evaluation result, and cannot quantitatively score the carbon emission performance of the substation. This defect of lacking quantitative evaluation seriously limits the operability and comparability of the above-mentioned patent in actual application. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present application proposes a public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method, device and medium.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: On the one hand, the present application provides a public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method, which comprises the following steps: Obtaining electricity data of a public institution, and obtaining carbon emission of the public institution based on the electricity data; Obtaining building-related data of the public institution, and obtaining building energy consumption of the public institution based on the building-related data; Determining the energy structure, operation management and carbon offset of the public institution; A carbon emission assessment system for public institutions will be constructed using carbon emissions, building energy consumption, energy structure, operation and management, and carbon offsetting as evaluation indicators. Develop scoring rules for each evaluation indicator, and obtain scores for each evaluation indicator of public institutions based on the scoring rules; Analyze the importance scores of each evaluation indicator to public institutions, and determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the importance scores; The score of the public institution carbon emission assessment system is obtained based on the scores of each evaluation indicator and the weights mentioned above; Develop corresponding carbon emission optimization strategies based on the scores from the public institution carbon emission assessment system.

[0006] Preferably, the acquisition of carbon emissions from public institutions based on electricity consumption data specifically includes: Determine the type of public institution and set corresponding electricity carbon emission factors and basic carbon emission offsets for different types; Carbon emissions of public institutions are calculated using the electricity carbon emission factor, the baseline carbon emission offset, and electricity consumption data.

[0007] Preferably, the specific steps for obtaining the building energy consumption of public institutions based on the building-related data are as follows: Set the heat transfer coefficient and heating system efficiency coefficient, and calculate the heating energy consumption using the heat transfer coefficient, heating system efficiency coefficient, number of heating days, and building area of ​​public institutions; Determine the cooling load, and calculate the air conditioning energy consumption using the cooling load, air conditioning energy consumption, air conditioning energy efficiency ratio, and air conditioning running time. Determine the lighting factor, and calculate lighting energy consumption using the lighting factor, lighting power density, lighting usage time, and the building area of ​​public institutions; Determine the efficiency coefficient of the hot water system, and calculate the domestic hot water energy consumption by using the hot water system efficiency coefficient, hot water flow rate, and the difference between supply and return water temperatures; Calculate equipment energy consumption using equipment power density, equipment operating time, and the building area of ​​public institutions. The building energy consumption of public institutions is calculated based on heating energy consumption, air conditioning energy consumption, lighting energy consumption, domestic hot water energy consumption, and equipment energy consumption.

[0008] Preferably, the step of analyzing the importance scores of each evaluation indicator to the public institution and determining the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the importance scores includes the following steps: The first is obtained by using an expert scoring algorithm. The evaluation index is for the first Impact rating of public institutions ; Based on the impact score constructing an influence degree sample set, each sample in the influence degree sample set comprising an influence score and an influence score a corresponding label, the label being used to store the influence score information of a corresponding evaluation index and a public institution category; constructing an importance analysis model, and training the importance analysis model using the influence degree sample set; obtaining, by the importance analysis model, an importance score of each evaluation index for each type of public institution determining a weight of each evaluation index for each type of public institution based on the importance score and the influence score

[0009] Preferably, the importance analysis model adopts an MLP model as a base, and a Softmax function is embedded after an output layer of the MLP model to normalize the output importance score.

[0010] Preferably, the carbon emission comprises unit building area carbon emission, per capita carbon emission, and unit building area carbon emission reduction rate; The unit building area carbon emission of the public institution is obtained by calculating a ratio of the carbon emission of the public institution to a building area of the public institution; The per capita carbon emission of the public institution is obtained by calculating a ratio of the carbon emission of the public institution to a number of people in the public institution; The unit building area carbon emission reduction rate of the public institution is obtained by calculating a ratio of a difference between the unit building area carbon emission of a current evaluation period and a unit building area carbon emission of a previous evaluation period to the unit building area carbon emission of the current evaluation period.

[0011] Preferably, the building energy consumption comprises unit building area energy consumption, per capita comprehensive energy consumption, and unit building area electricity consumption; The unit building area energy consumption of the public institution is obtained by calculating a ratio of the building energy consumption of the public institution to the building area of the public institution; The per capita comprehensive energy consumption of the public institution is obtained by calculating a ratio of the building energy consumption of the public institution to the number of people in the public institution; The unit building area electricity consumption of the public institution is obtained by calculating a ratio of electricity consumption data of the public institution to the building area of the public institution.

[0012] Preferably, the energy structure comprises renewable energy utilization rate and new energy vehicle usage rate.

[0013] ​​In still another aspect, the present application also provides an electronic device having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0014] In still another aspect, the present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing one or more programs which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method according to any one of the embodiments of the present application.

[0015] The present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present application constructs a comprehensive evaluation system covering carbon emissions, building energy consumption, energy structure, operation management, and carbon offset. This multi-dimensional evaluation method can more accurately reflect the carbon emission status of public institutions, avoiding the limitations of single index evaluation.

[0016] 2. The present application formulates detailed scoring rules for each evaluation index, which not only considers the data of the index, but also focuses on the relative change rate, such as the carbon emission reduction rate per unit building area. This scoring method ensures the objectivity and fairness of the evaluation results, and at the same time encourages public institutions to continuously improve to reduce carbon emissions.

[0017] 3. The present application can clearly understand the carbon emission status of public institutions, including the source, quantity and trend of carbon emissions. Based on this information, public institutions can develop more targeted energy saving and emission reduction strategies, such as optimizing energy structure, improving operation management, and improving energy utilization efficiency, thereby promoting the realization of carbon neutralization goal.

[0018] 4. The present application uses expert scoring algorithm and constructs importance analysis model to score the importance of each evaluation index such as carbon emission, building energy consumption, energy structure, operation management and carbon offset, and determines the weight of each evaluation index accordingly. This method avoids subjective speculation and makes the weight distribution more scientific and reasonable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present application is a public institution carbon emission evaluation system architecture diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0021] It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are only for the convenience of description and are not limited to the execution sequence of the steps.

[0022] It should be understood that the terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and the appended claims of the present application, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0023] The terms "comprise" and "include" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude one or more additional features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0024] The term "and / or" means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations thereof, and includes these combinations.

[0025] Embodiment one: The present embodiment provides a method for constructing a public institution carbon emission evaluation system, comprising the following steps: Obtaining electricity data of the public institution (including power consumption, which can be collected by a smart meter or a power monitoring system), and obtaining carbon emissions of the public institution based on the electricity data; Obtaining building-related data of the public institution (including building area, air conditioner energy efficiency ratio, and equipment operation time), and obtaining building energy consumption of the public institution based on the building-related data; Determining the energy structure, operation management, and carbon offset of the public institution; Constructing a public institution carbon emission evaluation system by taking carbon emissions, building energy consumption, energy structure, operation management, and carbon offset as evaluation indexes; Formulating scoring rules for each evaluation index, and obtaining scores of each evaluation index of the public institution based on the scoring rules; Analyzing the importance scores of each evaluation index for the public institution, and determining the weights corresponding to each evaluation index based on the importance scores; Obtaining a public institution carbon emission evaluation system score based on the scores of each evaluation index and the weights; Formulating a corresponding carbon emission optimization strategy according to the public institution carbon emission evaluation system score.

[0026] Carbon emissions: directly reflect the amount of greenhouse gas emissions generated by energy consumption of the public institution, and are the core index for evaluating carbon emission conditions.

[0027] Building Energy Consumption: By calculating the heating energy consumption, air conditioning energy consumption, lighting energy consumption, hot water energy consumption, and equipment energy consumption, etc., it comprehensively reflects the energy consumption of public institutions in the building operation process, providing indirect but important data support for carbon emissions.

[0028] Energy Structure: Including renewable energy utilization rate and new energy vehicle usage rate, reflecting the environmental protection and sustainability of public institutions in energy selection, having a direct impact on carbon emissions.

[0029] Operation Management: Covering energy metering, management system, operation optimization, building electrification rate, and energy cost, etc., reflecting the efficiency and level of public institutions in energy management, playing an important role in controlling carbon emissions.

[0030] Carbon Offsetting: By purchasing carbon credit or carbon sink to offset part of carbon emissions, reflecting the positive attitude and actual action of public institutions in addressing climate change. The above multiple indicators are comprehensively evaluated to reflect the carbon emission status of public institutions more comprehensively, avoiding the limitations of single indicator evaluation.

[0031] In one embodiment, the method further comprises data cleaning of the electricity consumption data and building-related data of the public institution, specifically: removing outliers and filling in missing values and removed outliers; The identification of outliers includes setting a data value range, and marking data outside the data value range as outliers. The filling method includes mean filling and interpolation method.

[0032] To predict the carbon emissions of public institutions, a linear regression model based on electricity consumption is used. The model sets the electricity carbon emission factor and the basic carbon emission offset by staff experience to make the carbon emissions and electricity data form a linear relationship.

[0033] Preferably, the electricity data is used to obtain the carbon emissions of the public institution, specifically: Determine the type of public institution, and set the corresponding electricity carbon emission factor and basic carbon emission offset for different types; Calculate the carbon emissions of the public institution by the electricity carbon emission factor, the basic carbon emission offset, and the electricity data, which can be expressed by the formula: ; In the formula, represents the carbon emissions of the public institution, represents the electricity data, represents the electricity carbon emission factor, represents the basic carbon emission offset, which is used to correct non-electric direct emissions (such as emergency diesel generators, gas boilers, etc. fixed emission sources).

[0034] In an embodiment, the types of public institutions include community service type institutions, education type institutions, health care type institutions, and venue type institutions; The electricity consumption characteristics of community service type institutions are stable office energy consumption, air conditioning and lighting, no high energy consumption equipment, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.6-0.7 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 500; Education type institutions include universities / research institutions and primary and secondary schools; The electricity consumption characteristics of universities / research institutions are intensive laboratory high energy consumption equipment, high data center energy consumption, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.75-0.8 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 2000; The electricity consumption characteristics of primary and secondary schools are mainly classroom lighting and air conditioning, and energy consumption is concentrated during the day, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.65-0.7 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 300; Health care type institutions include general hospitals and community hospitals; The electricity consumption characteristics of general hospitals are 24-hour operation, high energy consumption of MRI / CT medical equipment and sterilization facilities, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.85-0.9 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 3000; The electricity consumption characteristics of community hospitals are basic medical equipment, low energy intensity, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.7-0.75 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 100; Venue type institutions include sports venues and museums / libraries; The electricity consumption characteristics of sports venues are high instantaneous load of air conditioning / lighting during events, and idle during weekdays, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.72-0.78 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 1500; The electricity consumption characteristics of museums / libraries are constant temperature and humidity system continuous operation, and medium energy consumption of cultural equipment, and the electricity carbon emission factor The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 0.68-0.75 The basic carbon emission offset amount can be set to 800.

[0035] Preferably, the building energy consumption of the public institution is obtained based on the building-related data, and the specific steps are: The heat transfer coefficient and the heating system efficiency coefficient are set, the heating energy consumption is calculated through the heat transfer coefficient, the heating system efficiency coefficient, the number of heating days and the building area of the public institution, and is expressed by a formula as follows: ; In the formula, represents the heating energy consumption, represents the number of heating days, represents the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor of the public institution, represents the heat transfer coefficient, represents the building area of the public institution, represents the heating system efficiency coefficient.

[0036] In an embodiment, the heat transfer characteristic of the community service type institution is a regular office building, the insulation is medium, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 1-1.2, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.75-0.85; The heat transfer characteristic of the university / research institution is a laboratory building with high insulation requirement, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 0.8-1, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.6-0.75; The heat transfer characteristic of the primary and secondary school is a classroom building, the insulation standard, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 1-1.2, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.75-0.85; The heat transfer characteristic of the general hospital is 24-hour operation, which needs strict temperature control, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 0.7-0.9, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.85-0.95; The heat transfer characteristic of the community hospital is a small building with general insulation, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 1-1.3, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.6-0.75; The heat transfer characteristic of the stadium is a large space structure with poor insulation performance, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 1.5-2, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.85-0.95; The heat transfer characteristic of the museum / library is constant temperature and humidity with high requirement, the heat transfer coefficient may be set to 0.6-0.8, and the heating system efficiency coefficient may be set to 0.85-0.95.

[0037] The cooling load is determined, and the air conditioning energy consumption is calculated by the cooling load, the air conditioning energy consumption, the air conditioning energy efficiency ratio, and the air conditioning operation time, which is expressed by the following formula: ; In the formula, represents the air conditioning energy consumption, represents the cooling load, represents the air conditioning operation time, represents the air conditioning energy efficiency ratio; The cooling load refers to the heat that must be taken away from the room by the air conditioning system at a certain moment in order to maintain the set temperature in the room. It is a core parameter in building energy consumption calculation and directly determines the refrigeration demand of the air conditioning system. The cooling load includes sensible heat (conduction load) and latent heat (solar load), wherein the sensible heat load is related to temperature change, and the latent heat load is related to humidity change.

[0038] The cooling load is expressed by the following formula: ; In the formula, represents the conduction load, represents the solar load; ; In the formula, represents the heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure, that is, the heat transfer capacity of the envelope structure, which is related to the thermal conductivity and thickness of the material, represents the area of the envelope structure; ; In the formula, represents the area of the window, represents the shading coefficient of the window, that is, the shading ability of the window to solar radiation, and the smaller the value, the better the shading effect, represents the solar heat gain factor, that is, the solar radiation heat received by unit area of the window.

[0039] In one embodiment, the heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure of a general hospital, a community hospital, a museum / library is set to 0.8-1; The heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure of a community service agency, a university / research institution, and a primary and secondary school is set to 1.2-1.5; The heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure of a sports venue is set to 1.8-2.5; The shading coefficient of the window of a museum / library, a community service agency, a university / research institution, and a primary and secondary school is set to 0.4-0.6, characterized by low light transmission glass + shading curtain; ​​​​Shading coefficient of general hospital, community hospital Set to 0.3-0.5, characterized by coated glass Shading coefficient of stadium Set to 0.7-0.9, characterized by transparent glass

[0040] Solar heat gain coefficient Set according to climate, solar heat gain coefficient in cold area Set to 200-300, solar heat gain coefficient in hot area Set to 100-180

[0041] In an embodiment, set per unit area to square meters

[0042] Determine lighting coefficient, calculate lighting energy consumption by lighting coefficient, lighting power density, lighting use time and building area of public institution, expressed in formula as: ; In the formula, represents lighting energy consumption, represents lighting power density, represents lighting use time, represents use coefficient, i.e. the ratio of actual power running at the same time in a group of lighting devices to its rated total power in a specified time.

[0043] In an embodiment, use coefficient of general hospital Set to 0.85-0.95, characterized by 24-hour place Use coefficient of community hospital, museum / library, community service institution, university / research institution, primary and secondary school Set to 0.75-0.85, characterized by regular office (9-to-5) Use coefficient of stadium Set to 0.3-0.5, characterized by intermittent use

[0044] Determine hot water system efficiency coefficient, calculate domestic hot water energy consumption by hot water system efficiency coefficient, hot water flow and difference between supply water temperature and return water temperature, expressed in formula as: ; In the formula, represents domestic hot water energy consumption, represents hot water flow, represents specific heat capacity of water, represents hot water system efficiency coefficient, represents difference between supply water temperature and return water temperature

[0045] In an embodiment, the coefficient of performance of a hot water system of a public institution using an air source heat pump water heater is set to 0.75-0.85; The coefficient of performance of a hot water system using a gas boiler is set to 0.8-0.9; The coefficient of performance of a hot water system using an electric water heater is set to 0.9-0.95.

[0046] The device energy consumption is calculated by the device power density, the device operation time, and the building area of the public institution, and is expressed in a formula as follows: ; In the formula, represents the device energy consumption, represents the device type index, represents the device power density of the first type, represents the device operation time of the first type.

[0047] In an embodiment, the device types include refrigeration devices, air conditioning systems, office and retail devices, and motors and fans.

[0048] The building energy consumption of the public institution is calculated based on the heating energy consumption, the air conditioning energy consumption, the lighting energy consumption, the domestic hot water energy consumption, and the device energy consumption, and is expressed in a formula as follows: ; In the formula, represents the building energy consumption of the public institution.

[0049] The structure of the public institution carbon emission evaluation system is shown in Figure 1 .

[0050] Preferably, the importance score of each evaluation index to the public institution is analyzed, and the weight corresponding to each evaluation index is determined based on the importance score, and the specific steps are as follows: The influence score of the first evaluation index to the first type of public institution is obtained by using an expert scoring algorithm ; if the number of experts is greater than 1, the influence score of the first evaluation index to the first type of public institution given by the first expert is obtained ; An influence degree sample set is constructed based on the influence scores Each sample in the influence degree sample set includes an influence score and an influence score A corresponding label, the label is used to store the impact score A corresponding evaluation index and public institution category information, the information includes the impact score Which evaluation index, which type of public institution; Build an importance analysis model, train the importance analysis model using the impact sample set; Obtain the importance score of each evaluation index for each type of public institution through the importance analysis model ; Based on the importance score And the impact score Determine the weight of each evaluation index and each type of public institution, expressed in the formula as follows: ; ; In the formula, Indicates the weight of the first Evaluation index on the first Type of public institution.

[0051] Preferably, the importance analysis model uses MLP model as the base, and embeds Softmax function after the output layer of the MLP model to normalize the output importance score, and the importance analysis model is expressed in the formula as follows: ; ; In the formula, Indicates the hidden layer weight matrix, Indicates the hidden layer bias vector, Indicates the hidden layer function of the importance analysis model, Indicates the sample of the first Evaluation index given by the first Expert in the impact sample set for the first Type of public institution, including an impact score And a corresponding label, Indicates the output layer function of the importance analysis model, and can also be regarded as the unnormalized importance score of the first Evaluation index on the first Type of public institution, Indicates the output layer weight matrix, Indicates the output layer bias vector; The normalization is expressed in the formula as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates the first Evaluation index on the first The importance score of the public institution.

[0052] In an embodiment, the number of experts of the expert scoring algorithm is 20, i.e. = 20.

[0053] In an embodiment, the feature extraction is performed on the electricity consumption data and the building-related data of the public institution to obtain institution features, and the institution features are embedded into a hidden layer of the importance analysis model, which is expressed by a formula as follows: ; In the formula, represents the institution features of the public institution of the thclass, represents the splicing operation; The use of the hidden layer of the improved importance analysis model improves the accuracy of the importance score.

[0054] The calculation method of the score of the public institution carbon emission evaluation system is expressed by a formula as follows: ; In the formula, represents the score of the public institution carbon emission evaluation system of the public institution of the thclass, represents the score of the thevaluation index of the public institution of the thclass, represents the score of the thevaluation index of the public institution of the

[0055] thclass. The carbon emission preferably includes the carbon emission per unit building area, the carbon emission per capita, and the carbon emission per unit building area reduction rate. In the formula, represents the carbon emission per unit building area of the public institution. The carbon emission per capita of the public institution is obtained by calculating the ratio of the carbon emission of the public institution to the number of people in the public institution, which is expressed by a formula as follows: ; In the formula, represents the carbon emission per capita of the public institution, represents the number of people in the public institution. The carbon emission per unit building area reduction rate of the public institution is obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference between the carbon emission per unit building area of the current evaluation period and the carbon emission per unit building area of the last evaluation period to the carbon emission per unit building area of the current evaluation period, which is expressed by a formula as follows: ​​​ ; In the formula, represents the unit building area carbon emission reduction rate of the public institution, represents the unit building area carbon emission of the current evaluation period, represents the unit building area carbon emission of the last evaluation period, represents the evaluation period index.

[0056] Preferably, the building energy consumption includes unit building area energy consumption, per capita comprehensive energy consumption, and unit building area power consumption. The unit building area energy consumption of the public institution is obtained by calculating the ratio of the building energy consumption of the public institution to the building area of the public institution, and is expressed in the formula as: ; In the formula, represents the unit building area energy consumption of the public institution. The per capita comprehensive energy consumption of the public institution is obtained by calculating the ratio of the building energy consumption of the public institution to the number of people in the public institution, and is expressed in the formula as: ; In the formula, represents the per capita comprehensive energy consumption of the public institution. The unit building area power consumption of the public institution is obtained by calculating the ratio of the power consumption data of the public institution to the building area of the public institution, and is expressed in the formula as: ; In the formula, represents the unit building area power consumption of the public institution.

[0057] Preferably, the energy structure includes renewable energy utilization rate and new energy vehicle utilization rate.

[0058] Renewable energy utilization includes the use of roofs, roofs, and other conditions, self-construction or contract energy management mode to build photovoltaic power generation, wind power generation, solar heat collection, ground source heat pump, air source heat pump, and other renewable energy utilization facilities.

[0059] Preferably, the carbon offset includes carbon offset rate.

[0060] The carbon offset rate is the carbon credit or carbon sink purchased by the public institution for carbon offset divided by the carbon emissions within its accounting boundary and range.

[0061] The offset method of purchasing carbon credits or carbon sinks includes: 1. Purchase of “Certified Voluntary Emission Reductions (CCER)” generated by national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction projects; 2. Purchase of green electricity or green certificates.

[0062] The operation management preferably includes energy metering, management system, operation optimization, building electrification rate, and energy cost.

[0063] The energy cost indicator is the ratio of building energy consumption cost to total energy consumption. The building electrification rate is the ratio of total building electricity consumption to total energy consumption. The operation optimization is to encourage public institutions to reduce building operation stage carbon emissions by implementing energy efficiency improvement technical measures and improving operation mode.

[0064] Taking Fujian Province as the implementation scenario, the constraint value, benchmark value and guide value of the carbon emission per unit building area and per capita carbon emission indicators are formulated to provide the basis for the scoring rules. See Table 1 for details.

[0065] Table 1 Constraint Value Rule Table

[0066] With the scoring basis of Table 1, the scoring standard of the scoring rules is shown in Table 2.

[0067] Table 2 Scoring Rule Table

[0068] The metering system is the basic condition for realizing operation energy saving and optimizing system settings. This item requires public institutions to set up a complete metering management system covering building electricity, gas and heat consumption, and to establish an energy data quality management program to record consumption metering raw data accurately and establish and maintain a storage program for files and records. The energy consumption monitoring system is an important part of building sustainable operation management. Through energy consumption monitoring, building energy consumption can be visible and controllable, the energy consumption of each part of the building can be grasped at any time, unreasonable functions can be identified and corrected, and equipment and facilities or operation status with energy saving potential can be improved and optimized to achieve the purpose of optimizing operation and reducing energy consumption. Therefore, it is set as the highest level of evaluation requirement.

[0069] According to Table 2, the final public institution carbon emission evaluation system score can be obtained. Public institutions with a public institution carbon emission evaluation system score of 45-69 are marked as one-star public institutions (medium carbon emission public institutions), public institutions with a public institution carbon emission evaluation system score of 70-84 are marked as two-star public institutions (low carbon emission public institutions), public institutions with a public institution carbon emission evaluation system score of 85-94 are marked as three-star public institutions (near zero carbon emission public institutions), public institutions with a public institution carbon emission evaluation system score greater than or equal to 95 are marked as four-star public institutions (zero carbon emission public institutions), and public institutions with a public institution carbon emission evaluation system score less than 45 are marked as zero-star public institutions (high carbon emission public institutions).

[0070] Optimization strategy for high carbon emission institutions: 1. Replace high energy-consuming equipment (such as old air conditioning, lighting system), and preferentially use first-level energy efficiency equipment.

[0071] 2. Insulate the building envelope (such as external wall insulation material, double glazing), reduce the heat transfer coefficient to the lower limit of industry standard.

[0072] 3. Install energy metering system (water, electricity, heat), achieve full coverage of first and second level metering (GB 17167 standard).

[0073] Optimization strategy for medium carbon emission institutions: 1. Implement intelligent control of air conditioning system, shorten air conditioning operation time by 10%.

[0074] 2. Develop lighting zoning control strategy, use inductive switch in public areas (reduce lighting energy consumption by 20%).

[0075] 3. Install roof photovoltaic system, renewable energy utilization rate increased to more than 10%.

[0076] Optimization strategy for low carbon emission institutions: 1. Heating system is fully electrified (heat pump replaces gas boiler), building electrification rate increased to more than 90%.

[0077] 2. Parking lot is equipped with charging piles, new energy vehicle usage rate is more than 50%.

[0078] Optimization strategy for near-zero carbon emission institutions: 1. Building facade integrates photovoltaic glass (BIPV), achieving more than 40% of energy self-sufficiency rate.

[0079] 2. Ground source heat pump system coupled with ice storage technology, reducing air conditioning peak load by 30%.

[0080] Zero carbon emission institutions do not need to be optimized and adjusted.

[0081] Example two: The embodiment provides an electronic device, which has a computer program stored thereon, and the computer program is executed by a processor to realize the public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method according to any embodiment of the present application.

[0082] Example three: The embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the public institution carbon emission evaluation system construction method according to any embodiment of the present application.

[0083] In the embodiments of the present application, “at least one” means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more. “And / or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. Wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character “ / ” generally represents an “or” relationship between the front and rear associated objects. “At least one of the following” and the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, wherein a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0084] Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the units and algorithm steps described in the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized by electronic hardware, computer software and combination of electronic hardware and computer software. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software mode depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0085] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described system, device and unit can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0086] In several embodiments provided in the present application, any function realized in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the parts that make contributions to the prior art or parts of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a plurality of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory; hereinafter referred to as: ROM), a random access memory (Random Access Memory; hereinafter referred to as: RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0087] The above only describes the embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent flow transformation made by using the contents of the specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain electricity consumption data from public institutions, and then use that data to determine their carbon emissions. Obtain building-related data of public institutions, and obtain the building energy consumption of public institutions based on the building-related data; Determine the energy structure, operation and management, and carbon offsetting of public institutions; A carbon emission assessment system for public institutions will be constructed using carbon emissions, building energy consumption, energy structure, operation and management, and carbon offsetting as evaluation indicators. Develop scoring rules for each evaluation indicator, and obtain scores for each evaluation indicator of public institutions based on the scoring rules; Analyze the importance scores of each evaluation indicator to public institutions, and determine the weight of each evaluation indicator based on the importance scores; The score of the public institution carbon emission assessment system is obtained based on the scores of each evaluation indicator and the weights mentioned above; Develop corresponding carbon emission optimization strategies based on the scores from the public institution carbon emission assessment system.

2. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of carbon emissions from public institutions based on electricity consumption data specifically includes: Determine the type of public institution and set corresponding electricity carbon emission factors and basic carbon emission offsets for different types; Carbon emissions of public institutions are calculated using the electricity carbon emission factor, the baseline carbon emission offset, and electricity consumption data.

3. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for obtaining the building energy consumption of public institutions based on the building-related data are as follows: Set the heat transfer coefficient and heating system efficiency coefficient, and calculate the heating energy consumption using the heat transfer coefficient, heating system efficiency coefficient, number of heating days, and building area of ​​public institutions; Determine the cooling load, and calculate the air conditioning energy consumption using the cooling load, air conditioning energy consumption, air conditioning energy efficiency ratio, and air conditioning running time. Determine the lighting factor, and calculate lighting energy consumption using the lighting factor, lighting power density, lighting usage time, and the building area of ​​public institutions; Determine the efficiency coefficient of the hot water system, and calculate the domestic hot water energy consumption by using the hot water system efficiency coefficient, hot water flow rate, and the difference between supply and return water temperatures; Calculate equipment energy consumption using equipment power density, equipment operating time, and the building area of ​​public institutions. The building energy consumption of public institutions is calculated based on heating energy consumption, air conditioning energy consumption, lighting energy consumption, domestic hot water energy consumption, and equipment energy consumption.

4. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis assesses the importance of each evaluation indicator to the public institution, and determines the weight of each indicator based on the importance score. The specific steps are as follows: The first is obtained by using an expert scoring algorithm. The evaluation index is for the first Impact rating of public institutions ; Based on the impact score Construct an influence score sample set, wherein each sample in the influence score sample set includes an influence score. And an impact rating The corresponding tags, which are used to store the impact ratings. Information on corresponding evaluation indicators and public institution categories; Construct an importance analysis model and train it using an impact sample set; Importance analysis models were used to obtain importance scores for each evaluation indicator for different types of public institutions. ; Based on the aforementioned importance score and impact rating Determine the weight of each evaluation indicator for each type of public institution.

5. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 4, characterized in that, The importance analysis model uses an MLP model as its base, and embeds a Softmax function after the output layer of the MLP model to normalize the importance score of the output.

6. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon emissions include carbon emissions per unit building area, per capita carbon emissions, and the rate of decrease in carbon emissions per unit building area. Carbon emissions per unit building area of ​​public institutions are obtained by calculating the ratio of carbon emissions of public institutions to their building area. Carbon emissions per capita for public institutions are obtained by calculating the ratio of carbon emissions to the number of employees in the public institution. The carbon emission reduction rate per unit building area of ​​public institutions is obtained by calculating the ratio of the difference between the carbon emission per unit building area in the current evaluation period and the carbon emission per unit building area in the previous evaluation period to the carbon emission per unit building area in the current evaluation period.

7. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building energy consumption includes energy consumption per unit building area, per capita comprehensive energy consumption, and electricity consumption per unit building area. The energy consumption per unit building area of ​​public institutions is obtained by calculating the ratio of the building energy consumption to the building area of ​​the public institution. The per capita comprehensive energy consumption of public institutions is obtained by calculating the ratio of the building energy consumption of the public institution to the number of people in the public institution; The electricity consumption per unit building area of ​​public institutions is obtained by calculating the ratio of the electricity consumption data of public institutions to the building area of ​​public institutions.

8. The method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy structure includes the utilization rate of renewable energy and the usage rate of new energy vehicles.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When executed by the processor, the program implements the method for constructing a carbon emission assessment system for public institutions as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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