Damp-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum and preparation method of damp-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material

Abstract

The invention discloses a damp-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum and a preparation method of the damp-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material, and belongs to the technical field of plastic plates. The gypsum waste and the ceramic defective products are fully utilized, the raw material cost is greatly reduced, meanwhile, accumulation of industrial solid waste and environmental pollution are reduced, and the gypsum and the ceramic powder serve as high-strength and low-cost rigid inorganic filler, so that the compressive strength and the dimensional stability of the board can be enhanced. Meanwhile, the product weight and the production cost are effectively controlled by utilizing the lightweight characteristic of the gypsum-based material and the cost advantage of the two wastes, and the flame retardant property can be synergistically improved by virtue of the high-temperature-resistant characteristic of the gypsum and the ceramic, so that high-valued regeneration of waste resources is realized; the gypsum ceramic powder is pretreated, so that the moisture resistance and compression resistance of the material can be remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plastic plate, in particular to a moisture-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the construction, packaging and other industries, there is an increasing demand for lightweight, high-strength and environmentally friendly building materials. Hollow plate, as a kind of lightweight and high-strength composite material, is widely used in building partition walls, decorative plates, logistics packaging and other fields due to its excellent mechanical properties and designability. However, traditional hollow plate materials (such as pure polypropylene hollow plate) have problems such as insufficient mechanical strength, easy deformation, poor flame retardancy, etc. Although gypsum-based plate materials have the advantages of low cost and good fire resistance, they have defects such as high brittleness and poor water resistance, which seriously limit their application range.

[0003] Ceramics and gypsum are common materials in industrial production, and a large amount of waste and defective products are generated every year. Ceramic waste has high hardness and good chemical stability, but it is difficult to degrade naturally. Gypsum waste can be partially recycled, but the value of recycling is low. At present, these wastes are mostly treated by landfill, which not only occupies land resources, but also may cause environmental pollution. How to realize the high-value utilization of these solid wastes has become an important issue in the fields of environmental protection and resource recycling.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN112358681A discloses a preparation method of low-cost high-strength PP hollow plate, which uses firebrick recycling material as a filler and adds a small amount of nano-silicon nitride as a strength regulator. Although this method realizes the utilization of waste refractory materials, the compatibility of waste refractory materials with the plastic matrix is poor, which easily leads to weak interfacial bonding, and the fillers used are limited to refractory materials, without involving ceramic-gypsum composite systems.

[0005] However, when waste ceramics and gypsum are used as fillers in hollow plate technology, gypsum as a hydrophilic material will allow water to penetrate into the interior of the hollow plate in a humid environment, forming uneven stress inside the plate, which easily causes problems such as warping and delamination, affecting the structural integrity of the hollow plate. Therefore, it is of great technical innovation value and practical application significance to develop a hollow plate material that can simultaneously utilize ceramic and gypsum waste while having excellent moisture-proof performance and compression strength. SUMMARY

[0006] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a moisture-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a preparation method of a moisture-proof and compression-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum, comprising the following steps: S1, collect the gypsum waste, ceramic defective mixed after grinding to get gypsum ceramic powder; S2, the gypsum ceramic powder is pretreated to obtain pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S3, the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, polypropylene resin, borax, dispersant, plasticizer is mixed uniformly to obtain a mixture; S4, the mixture is heated to a molten state, then extruded by an extruder, cooled, pulled and cut to obtain a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of the gypsum waste and the ceramic defective in step S1 is 1:1-2.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, polypropylene resin, borax, dispersant and plasticizer in step S2 is 30-40:80-100:10-20:1-5:1-5.

[0010] Preferably, the specific steps of step S2 are as follows: (1) disperse the gypsum ceramic powder in an ethanol aqueous solution, add 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, stir and react, filter and collect the solid, wash and dry to obtain mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder; (2) disperse the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder in N,N-dimethylformamide, add p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde and a photoinitiator, react under ultraviolet irradiation, collect the solid product, wash and dry to obtain hydrophobic-modified gypsum ceramic powder; (3) add the hydrophobic-modified gypsum ceramic powder to dimethyl sulfoxide, add amine-terminated butyl nitrile rubber, heat and react, filter and collect the solid, wash and dry to obtain pretreated gypsum ceramic powder.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the gypsum ceramic powder and 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane in step (1) is 20-30:3-5; the stirring and reaction temperature is 30-50℃, and the reaction time is 3-5h.

[0012] In this step, the surface of the gypsum ceramic powder is treated by 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, which can introduce mercapto groups on the surface of the gypsum ceramic powder, which is conducive to the subsequent reaction, and can also improve the compatibility between the gypsum ceramic powder and the resin matrix.

[0013] Preferably, the mass ratio of the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder, p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde and the photoinitiator in step (2) is 30:4-7:0.1-0.3; the photoinitiator is at least one of benzoin dimethyl ether, 2-methyl-1-(4-methylthio phenyl)-2-morpholine-1-propanone, 2-isopropylthioxanthone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, methyl benzoylformate, alkyl sulfonium salt, alkyl iodonium salt, aryl iodonium salt and aryl sulfonium salt.

[0014] The thiol group of the thiolated gypsum ceramic powder and the carbon-carbon double bond on the p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde react in the thiol-ene click reaction in this step, and then the p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde is introduced into the gypsum ceramic powder, and the hydrophobic fluorocarbon chain and the aldehyde group are introduced.

[0015] Preferably, the mass ratio of the hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder and the terminal amine group butyl nitrile rubber in the step (3) is 10:2.5-3.5; the heating reaction temperature is 40-60℃, and the reaction time is 4-8h.

[0016] The aldehyde group on the hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder reacts with the terminal amine group butyl nitrile rubber in this step, and the terminal amine group butyl nitrile rubber is introduced into the gypsum ceramic powder to obtain a pretreated gypsum ceramic powder.

[0017] Preferably, the dispersant in the step S3 is at least one of ethylene bis-stearamide, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, and paraffin wax.

[0018] Preferably, the plasticizer in the step S3 is at least one of tributyl citrate, epoxy soybean oil, dioctyl sebacate, trimethylolpropane ester, and glyceryl triacetate.

[0019] Preferably, the heating temperature in the step S4 is 190-210℃.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: (1) The present application provides a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum and a preparation method thereof. The present application makes full use of gypsum waste and ceramic rejects, greatly reduces the raw material cost, and reduces the accumulation and environmental pollution of industrial solid waste. Gypsum and ceramic powder can enhance the compressive strength and dimensional stability of the board material as high-strength and low-cost rigid inorganic fillers. At the same time, the light weight of the gypsum-based material and the cost advantage of the two waste materials effectively control the product weight and production cost, and the high temperature resistance of gypsum and ceramic can also synergistically improve the flame retardant performance, realizing the high-value regeneration of waste resources; (2) The gypsum ceramic powder is pretreated, the moisture resistance and mechanical properties of the material can be significantly improved, firstly, the fluorocarbon chain and aldehyde group are grafted, the fluorocarbon chain has very low surface energy, when it is arranged on the material surface, a super-hydrophobic interface can be formed, water-repellent performance similar to 'lotus effect' is produced, the hydrophobicity of the material is improved, secondly, the flexible amine-terminated butyronitrile rubber molecular chain is introduced, a 'flexible buffer layer' is constructed between the rigid inorganic powder and the polypropylene matrix, the buffer layer not only greatly improves the interfacial bonding force between the two, but also effectively absorbs and dissipates impact energy when the material is stressed, the compressive strength and impact toughness of the composite material are significantly improved, the brittle problem caused by traditional filling materials is overcome, at the same time, the rubber molecular chain itself has good hydrophobicity, it can fill and cover the small hydrophilic defects existing on the surface of the inorganic powder, and a rigid-flexible composite waterproof barrier is constructed together with the fluorocarbon chain, so that the material can still maintain excellent dimensional stability and mechanical properties in a long-term humid environment; (3) The moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum has high strength, excellent moisture-proof performance and significant cost advantage, and can be widely applied to building partition walls, decorative substrates and packaging and transportation fields with low bearing requirement, as an economic and environment-friendly alternative scheme of part of traditional plates, the technology provides a new idea for efficient regeneration of waste ceramic and gypsum, and has significant environmental protection benefits and economic value. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] For the sake of brevity, the articles used in the following examples are all commercially available products unless otherwise specified, and the methods used are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

[0022] Part of the raw materials used in the application are as follows: The polypropylene resin is GP-1000FC of LG Chemical, Korea, purchased from Suzhou Boyihui Plastic Co., Ltd. Example 1

[0023] A preparation method of a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum comprises the following steps: S1, 100g of gypsum waste and 150g of ceramic defective products are mixed and ground, and then sieved through a 100-mesh screen to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2, 50g of the gypsum ceramic powder is dispersed in 300mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 8.2g of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane is added, and stirring reaction is carried out at 40℃ for 4h, then the solid is collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain mercapto gypsum ceramic powder; S3, 30g of the mercapto gypsum ceramic powder is dispersed in 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 5.6g of p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde and 0.2g of benzoin dimethyl ether are added, and stirring reaction is carried out at 95μW / cm 2hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder; S4, 20g of the hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder was added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, 6g of the amine-terminated butyl nitrile rubber was added, and the mixture was heated to react for 6h at 50°C. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S5, 35.8g of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, 90g of polypropylene resin, 16.2g of borax, 2.4g of polypropylene wax, and 2.5g of tributyl citrate were uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; S6, the mixture was heated to a molten state at 200°C, then extruded through an extruder, cooled, pulled, and cut to obtain the moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum. Example 2

[0024] A method for preparing a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum, comprising the following steps: S1, 100g of gypsum waste and 100g of ceramic rejects were mixed and ground, and then sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2, 50g of the gypsum ceramic powder was dispersed in 300mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 7.5g of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane was added, and the mixture was stirred to react for 5h at 30°C. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder; S3, 30g of the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder was dispersed in 200mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 4g of p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde and 0.1g of benzoin dimethyl ether were added, and the mixture was irradiated under ultraviolet light with an intensity of 95μW / cm 2 to react for 2h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder; S4, 20g of the hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder was added to 200mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, 6g of the amine-terminated butyl nitrile rubber was added, and the mixture was heated to react for 8h at 40°C. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed and dried to obtain pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S5, 30g of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, 80g of polypropylene resin, 10g of borax, 1g of polypropylene wax, and 1g of epoxy soybean oil were uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; S6, the mixture was heated to a molten state at 190°C, then extruded through an extruder, cooled, pulled, and cut to obtain the moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum. Example 3

[0025] A method for preparing a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum, comprising the following steps: S1, 100g of gypsum waste and 200g of ceramic rejects were mixed and ground, and then sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2, 50 g of the gypsum ceramic powder was dispersed in 300 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 8.3 g of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane was added, and the reaction was stirred at 50°C for 3 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder; S3, 30 g of the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder was dispersed in 200 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 7 g of p-trifluoromethylcinnamaldehyde and 0.3 g of benzoin dimethyl ether were added, and the reaction was carried out under irradiation of ultraviolet light with an intensity of 95 μW / cm 2 for 2 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder; S4, 20 g of the hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder was added to 200 mL of dimethyl sulfoxide, 5 g of amine-terminated butyronitrile rubber was added, and the reaction was heated at 60°C for 4 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S5, 40 g of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, 100 g of polypropylene resin, 20 g of borax, 5 g of polypropylene wax, and 5 g of epoxy soybean oil were uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; S6, the mixture was heated to a molten state at 210°C, and then extruded through an extruder, cooled, pulled, and cut to obtain the moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum. Comparative Example 1

[0026] A method for preparing a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum, which is similar to Example 1, except that no amine-terminated butyronitrile rubber is added in the preparation process of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, and specifically comprising the following steps: S1, 100 g of gypsum waste and 150 g of ceramic rejects were mixed and ground, and then sieved through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2, 50 g of the gypsum ceramic powder was dispersed in 300 mL of 50 wt% ethanol aqueous solution, 8.2 g of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane was added, and the reaction was stirred at 40°C for 4 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder; S3, 30 g of the mercapto-modified gypsum ceramic powder was dispersed in 200 mL of N,N-dimethylformamide, 5.6 g of p-trifluoromethylcinnamaldehyde and 0.2 g of benzoin dimethyl ether were added, and the reaction was carried out under irradiation of ultraviolet light with an intensity of 95 μW / cm 2 for 2 h. The solid product was collected by filtration, washed, and dried to obtain the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S4, 35.8 g of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, 90 g of polypropylene resin, 16.2 g of borax, 2.4 g of polypropylene wax, and 2.5 g of tributyl citrate were uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; S5, the mixture was heated to a molten state at 200°C, and then extruded through an extruder, cooled, pulled, and cut to obtain the moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste ceramic gypsum. Comparative Example 2

[0027] A preparation method of a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste and old ceramic gypsum, similar to Example 1, the difference is that the preparation process of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder is physically mixed with 3-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde, including the following steps: S1, collect 100g of gypsum waste and 150g of ceramic rejects, mix and grind, and pass through a 100 mesh sieve to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2, disperse 50g of gypsum ceramic powder in 300mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 8.2g of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, stir and react at 40℃ for 4h, filter and collect the solid, wash and dry to obtain mercapto gypsum ceramic powder; S3, mix 30g of mercapto gypsum ceramic powder and 5.6g of p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde uniformly to obtain pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S4, mix 35.8g of pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, 90g of polypropylene resin, 16.2g of borax, 2.4g of polypropylene wax, and 2.5g of tributyl citrate uniformly to obtain a mixture; S5, heat the mixture to a molten state at 200℃, then extrude through an extruder, cool, pull, and cut to obtain a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste and old ceramic gypsum. Comparative Example 3

[0028] A preparation method of a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste and old ceramic gypsum, similar to Example 1, the difference is that the preparation process of the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder does not add p-trifluoromethyl cinnamaldehyde and amine-terminated butyl nitrile rubber, including the following steps: S1, collect 100g of gypsum waste and 150g of ceramic rejects, mix and grind, and pass through a 100 mesh sieve to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2, disperse 50g of gypsum ceramic powder in 300mL of 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution, add 8.2g of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane, stir and react at 40℃ for 4h, filter and collect the solid, wash and dry to obtain pretreated gypsum ceramic powder; S5, mix 35.8g of pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, 90g of polypropylene resin, 16.2g of borax, 2.4g of polypropylene wax, and 2.5g of tributyl citrate uniformly to obtain a mixture; S6, heat the mixture to a molten state at 200℃, then extrude through an extruder, cool, pull, and cut to obtain a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste and old ceramic gypsum.

[0029] Performance test The test object is the moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow plate material containing waste and old ceramic gypsum prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, and the test content is as follows: Water absorption thickness expansion rate: determined according to GB / T 17657-2022 "Standard for Testing Methods of Physicochemical Properties of Wood-based Panels and Veneered Wood-based Panels"; Compression resistance: the sample to be tested was placed vertically on a compression testing machine after being placed at room temperature for 24 h, and a pressure was applied at a speed of 100 mm / min. The pressure at which the load curve first rose to the maximum value was taken as the compression value of the sample to be tested. Five test results were averaged to obtain the final result. Tensile properties: dumbbell-shaped test samples of type 1A were prepared according to the standard GB / T 1040.2-2022 "Determination of the tensile properties of plastics - Part 2: test conditions for moulded and extruded plastics", and the tensile strength was tested according to the standard GB / T 1040.1-2018 "Determination of the tensile properties of plastics - Part 1: general principles". The test speed was 1 mm / min, and five test results were averaged to obtain the final result. The test results are shown in Table 1:

[0030] Table 1 Performance test results of moisture-proof and compression-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum

[0031] As can be seen from the experimental results in Table 1, the moisture-proof and compression-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum obtained by the present application has good moisture-proof and compression-resistant properties.

[0032] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Collect gypsum waste and substandard ceramic products, mix them, and then grind them to obtain gypsum ceramic powder; S2. Pre-treat the gypsum ceramic powder to obtain pre-treated gypsum ceramic powder; S3. Mix the pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, polypropylene resin, borax, dispersant, and plasticizer evenly to obtain a mixture; S4. The mixture is heated to a molten state and then extruded, cooled, drawn, and cut to obtain a moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass ratio of gypsum waste to defective ceramic products is 1:1-2.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the mass ratio of pretreated gypsum ceramic powder, polypropylene resin, borax, dispersant, and plasticizer is 30-40:80-100:10-20:1-5:1-5.

4. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S2 are as follows: (1) Disperse gypsum ceramic powder in an ethanol aqueous solution, add 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, stir to react, filter to collect the solid, wash and dry to obtain mercapto-based gypsum ceramic powder; (2) Disperse mercapto-based gypsum ceramic powder in N,N-dimethylformamide, add p-trifluoromethylcinnamaldehyde and photoinitiator, react under ultraviolet irradiation, collect the solid product, wash and dry to obtain hydrophobic modified gypsum ceramic powder; (3) Add hydrophobically modified gypsum ceramic powder to dimethyl sulfoxide, add terminal amino-terminated nitrile rubber, heat to react, filter to collect solids, wash and dry to obtain pretreated gypsum ceramic powder.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of gypsum ceramic powder to 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane is 20-30:3-5.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the mass ratio of mercapto-paraffin ceramic powder, p-trifluoromethylcinnamaldehyde, and photoinitiator is 30:4-7:0.1-0.

3.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (3), the mass ratio of hydrophobic modified gypsum ceramic powder to amine-terminated nitrile rubber is 10:2.5-3.

5.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant in step S3 is at least one of ethylene bis-stearamide, polyethylene wax, polypropylene wax, and paraffin wax.

9. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the plasticizer is at least one of the following: tributyl citrate, epoxidized soybean oil, dioctyl sebacate, trimethylolpropane, and triacetin.

10. A moisture-proof and pressure-resistant hollow board material containing waste ceramic gypsum, characterized in that: It is prepared by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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