A tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of medical informatics, and provides a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system, comprising: an arc-shaped base body; a plurality of arc-shaped base body vibration sensors embedded in the arc-shaped base body, each arc-shaped base body vibration sensor corresponding to one of two sides of a predetermined implant implantation position of a user and being adjacent to a tooth, for real-time sensing of an external mechanical vibration signal acting on the arc-shaped base body and the two sides of the tooth; a bone conduction vibration sensor for sensing a bone conduction vibration signal conducted to the predetermined implant screw base through the jaw bone of the user; and a signal processing module for receiving the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively, performing frequency domain conversion, calculating the similarity of first and second frequency spectrum characteristics, and outputting a same frequency judgment result. The present application improves the real-time detection accuracy of implant nail and tooth root collision, and improves the implant success rate and safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical informatics technology, and in particular to a system for detecting abnormal vibration signals in teeth. Background Technology

[0002] There are many risks involved in the orthodontic micro-implant placement process, such as loosening and falling out after placement, root damage, postoperative pain and discomfort, etc. Most of these are caused by the implant angle deviation, which leads to a strong collision between the implant and the root.

[0003] Currently, the most common clinical method is to locate the tooth root in the alveolar bone using preoperative X-rays. However, this method cannot provide real-time guidance during the procedure and relies on the doctor's experience. In addition, although the implant handpiece is equipped with a sensor that can detect force and torque in real time, the special handpiece is expensive and can only detect the torque to prevent excessive torque from causing the implant to break or the bone to be damaged. However, it cannot provide warnings when touching adjacent teeth to avoid more serious damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] This invention provides a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system, comprising:

[0006] An arc-shaped base that adapts to the user's upper and lower jaws and covers multiple teeth;

[0007] A curved matrix vibration sensor is provided, and multiple curved matrix vibration sensors are provided. The curved matrix vibration sensors are embedded in the curved matrix. Each curved matrix vibration sensor corresponds one-to-one with the adjacent teeth on both sides of the user's predetermined implantation position. The curved matrix vibration sensor is configured to sense external mechanical vibration signals acting on the curved matrix and the adjacent teeth on both sides in real time.

[0008] A bone conduction vibration sensor is fixedly installed on the surface of the user's predetermined implant screw base to sense bone conduction vibration signals transmitted through the user's jawbone to the predetermined implant screw base.

[0009] The signal processing module is electrically connected to the arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor and the bone conduction vibration sensor. The signal processing module is used to receive the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively and perform frequency domain conversion to obtain a first spectral feature and a second spectral feature; calculate the similarity between the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, and output the same frequency judgment result of the first spectrum and the second spectrum according to the similarity.

[0010] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system is connected to the implant handle.

[0011] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system is provided, wherein the signal processing module includes:

[0012] Receiving unit: used to receive the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively;

[0013] Frequency domain conversion unit: used to perform frequency domain conversion on the received external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal to obtain the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, respectively;

[0014] Similarity calculation unit: used to calculate the similarity between the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, and output the same frequency judgment result of the first spectrum and the second spectrum according to the first preset condition and the similarity;

[0015] Early warning unit: used to output a collision alarm command based on the same frequency judgment result.

[0016] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system includes the following first preset conditions:

[0017] When the similarity is greater than 0.9, the same frequency determination result is same frequency;

[0018] When the similarity is less than or equal to 0.9, the same frequency determination result is different frequency.

[0019] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system is provided, wherein the early warning unit is configured as follows:

[0020] When the same frequency determination result is the same frequency, a collision alarm command is issued;

[0021] After issuing a collision alarm command, if the real-time received results of the same frequency determination of the first spectrum and the second spectrum are different frequencies, an alarm cancellation command is issued.

[0022] A tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system according to the present invention further includes:

[0023] Alarm device;

[0024] The alarm device is electrically connected to the signal processing module. When the same frequency determination result output by the signal processing module is the same frequency, the alarm device responds to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module and issues an alarm.

[0025] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system is provided, wherein two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors are provided, and the two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors respectively sense the left external mechanical vibration signal of the left tooth and the right external mechanical vibration signal of the right tooth corresponding to the predetermined implant, thereby generating a first left spectrum and a first right spectrum.

[0026] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system is provided, wherein when two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors are provided, the signal processing module is configured as follows:

[0027] The left-side frequency co-frequency determination results of the first left-side spectrum and the second spectrum are independently output, and the right-side frequency co-frequency determination results of the first right-side spectrum and the second spectrum are independently output.

[0028] When either the left-side or right-side frequency matching result is determined to be the same frequency, the signal processing module issues a collision alarm command.

[0029] A tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system according to the present invention further includes:

[0030] Display device;

[0031] When the left-side same-frequency determination result is the same frequency, the display device responds to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module and issues a prompt message, prompting the operation of the implant handle to rotate the predetermined implant in a direction away from the left tooth of the predetermined implant.

[0032] When the right-side frequency determination result is the same frequency, the display device responds to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module and issues a prompt message, prompting the operation of the implant handle to rotate the predetermined implant in a direction away from the right tooth of the predetermined implant.

[0033] According to the present invention, a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system is provided, wherein the arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor and the bone conduction vibration sensor are implemented based on a MEMS accelerometer chip.

[0034] The present invention provides a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system, which significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of root collision detection during implantation, enabling doctors to obtain more comprehensive and realistic vibration information feedback during the implantation process.

[0035] Overall, the detection system provided by this invention not only improves the convenience of operation, but also eliminates the interference that wired connections may cause to the surgical operation, ensuring the cleanliness of the surgical environment and the flexibility of operation, thereby comprehensively improving the safety, accuracy and success rate of orthodontic implant surgery. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the signal processing module in a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an implementation of a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting abnormal vibration signals in teeth provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure descriptions: 100, Arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor; 200, Bone conduction vibration sensor; 300, Signal processing module; 400, Alarm device; 500, Display device;

[0042] 310. Receiving unit; 320. Frequency domain conversion unit; 330. Similarity calculation unit; 340. Early warning unit. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of this invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terminology used is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the figures.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system, comprising:

[0046] An arc-shaped base that adapts to the user's upper and lower jaws and covers multiple teeth.

[0047] Specifically, the arc-shaped base of the orthodontic device is a pre-customized ultra-thin brace made of biocompatible silicone. The ultra-thin brace adopts an arc-shaped design to fit the user's upper and lower jaw contours and can closely fit and cover the surface of multiple teeth.

[0048] A plurality of arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors 100 are provided and embedded in the arc-shaped matrix. Each arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor 100 corresponds one-to-one with the adjacent teeth on both sides of the user's predetermined implantation position. The arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor 100 is configured to sense external mechanical vibration signals acting on the arc-shaped matrix and the adjacent teeth on both sides in real time. A bone conduction vibration sensor 200 is fixedly installed on the surface of the user's predetermined implant screw base and is used to sense bone conduction vibration signals transmitted through the user's jawbone to the predetermined implant screw base.

[0049] Furthermore, the arc-shaped substrate vibration sensor serves as the core for sensing the vibration signal of the receiver, employing MEMS accelerometer chip technology. In one specific embodiment, its dimensions are 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.8 mm. 3 Embedded within the curved substrate, each sensor's position corresponds one-to-one with the adjacent teeth on either side of the user's predetermined implant placement location. The bone conduction vibration sensor, the core of the main vibration signal sensing, is fixedly mounted on the surface of the implant screw base and transmits vibration signals to the implantation handle via electromagnetic induction technology.

[0050] Specifically, the bone conduction vibration sensor is implemented using a MEMS accelerometer chip attached to the surface of the implant screw base. This chip has a silicon-based structure and measures 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.8 mm. 3When the implant is inserted through a dedicated handle, the implant base fits tightly into the handle's groove, and both rotate together during insertion. The MEMS accelerometer chip contains a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) structure with a movable mass and fixed electrode plates. When the implant vibrates, the mass displaces under inertial force, changing the capacitance between the electrode plates. The change in capacitance is proportional to the vibration acceleration. The chip's built-in analog-to-digital converter converts the capacitance change into a digital signal, with a sampling frequency of 1000Hz and a sampling precision of 16 bits. The sensor signal from the implant is transmitted to the implant handle via electromagnetic induction. The handle contains an induction coil. When the transmitting coil on the implant base generates a changing magnetic field, the receiving coil in the handle generates an induced current. The change in the intensity of this induced current corresponds to the change in the amplitude of the vibration signal. The signal processing circuit within the handle amplifies and filters the induced current, with a filtering frequency range set between 10Hz and 500Hz to remove high-frequency noise and low-frequency drift. The processed signal is transmitted to the data processing device in the form of data packets via the Bluetooth module inside the handle. The data packet format includes timestamps, vibration amplitude, frequency information and signal quality indicators. The transmission frequency is 100 times per second, forming a continuous main body vibration data stream.

[0051] Specifically, based on MEMS chips, the arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor of the present invention is configured to include two MEMS accelerometer chips embedded in a biocompatible silicone dental crown, specifically including a first MEMS accelerometer chip and a second MEMS accelerometer chip respectively disposed on the surface of the crown adjacent to the tooth position on both sides of the predetermined implantation position.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the receptor vibration signal is acquired using two MEMS accelerometer chips embedded in a biocompatible silicone dental crown, corresponding to the positions of the left and right adjacent teeth, respectively. The biocompatible silicone dental crown is fabricated using a lamination process, with a thickness controlled to within 0.5 mm to ensure a close fit to the tooth crown surface. The first MEMS accelerometer chip is positioned on the crown surface of the tooth immediately adjacent to the predetermined implant placement location on the left, and the second MEMS accelerometer chip is positioned on the crown surface of the tooth immediately adjacent to the right. Each sensor chip is connected to an independent signal conditioning circuit, including a preamplifier, a bandpass filter, and an analog-to-digital converter. The preamplifier gain is set to 40 dB, the bandpass filter has a passband range of 20 Hz-400 Hz, and the analog-to-digital converter has a sampling rate of 800 Hz and a resolution of 14 bits.

[0053] Vibration data from the left and right receptors are transmitted independently via their respective Bluetooth modules to avoid signal crosstalk. Bluetooth transmission uses a low-power protocol with a data transmission rate of 115200bps. The data packet structure includes sensor identifiers, timestamps, triaxial acceleration values, and battery voltage monitoring values. The receiving end categorizes the data into left and right receptor vibration data based on the sensor identifiers and establishes independent data buffers for storage.

[0054] The signal processing module 300 is electrically connected to the arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor 100 and the bone conduction vibration sensor 200. The signal processing module 300 is used to receive the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively and perform frequency domain conversion to obtain a first spectral feature and a second spectral feature; calculate the similarity between the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, and output the same frequency judgment result of the first spectrum and the second spectrum according to the similarity.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the signal processing module 300 includes: a receiving unit 310 for receiving the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively; a frequency domain conversion unit 320 for performing frequency domain conversion on the received external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal to obtain a first spectral feature and a second spectral feature respectively; a similarity calculation unit 330 for calculating the similarity between the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, and outputting a same-frequency judgment result of the first spectrum and the second spectrum according to a first preset condition and the similarity; and an early warning unit 340 for outputting a collision alarm command according to the same-frequency judgment result.

[0056] Furthermore, the signal processing module first acts as a signal input interface, responsible for simultaneously receiving raw vibration signals from the arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor and the bone conduction vibration sensor. In a specific embodiment, the signal is wirelessly transmitted via Bluetooth. After receiving the signal, the vibration wave frequency is amplified by 10 times, and the time-domain signal is converted into a frequency-domain signal to obtain the first spectral feature (corresponding to the fundamental frequency of the crown surface sensor) and the second spectral feature (corresponding to the main frequency of the implant sensor). Then, the harmonic distribution generated by the main frequency and fundamental frequency of the vibration is calculated. By comparing the similarity of the two spectral features, it is determined whether a co-frequency phenomenon has occurred. Finally, a collision alarm command is output based on the calculation results. When a collision between the implant and the tooth root is detected, the system will automatically trigger the warning mechanism.

[0057] The first preset condition includes: when the similarity is greater than 0.9, the same frequency determination result is same frequency; when the similarity is less than or equal to 0.9, the same frequency determination result is different frequency.

[0058] Furthermore, the 0.9 threshold set in this invention can effectively distinguish between mechanical vibrations during normal implantation and abnormal vibrations generated when the implant collides with the tooth root. When the similarity is greater than 0.9, it indicates that contact has occurred; when the similarity is less than or equal to 0.9, it is determined to be a state of different frequencies, indicating that the implant maintains a safe distance from the surrounding tooth root and no physical contact has occurred. The similarity is calculated using a spectral correlation analysis method, which assesses the similarity between two signals by comparing their characteristic distributions in the frequency domain. In addition, during detection, changes in similarity are continuously monitored. Once the preset threshold is exceeded, the subsequent alarm process is immediately triggered, ensuring the consistency and reliability of the system response, avoiding errors that may be caused by subjective judgment, and providing objective and accurate technical support for clinical operation.

[0059] Furthermore, a tiered early warning mechanism can be set up. For example, when the confidence level is in the range of 0-30%, a low-level early warning instruction is generated, and the warning signal is a single short tone; when the confidence level is in the range of 30%-70%, a medium-level early warning instruction is generated, and the warning signal is two short tones; when the confidence level is in the range of 70%-100%, a high-level early warning instruction is generated, and the warning signal is a continuous long tone.

[0060] The early warning unit 340 is configured to: issue a collision alarm command when the same frequency determination result is the same frequency; and issue an alarm cancellation command after issuing the collision alarm command when the same frequency determination results of the first spectrum and the second spectrum received in real time are different frequencies.

[0061] Furthermore, when the frequency similarity determination result is the same, the system immediately issues a collision alarm command. In another specific implementation, a tiered warning concept can be set; the more reliable the collision prediction, the higher the warning level. The alarm command is issued instantaneously, ensuring that the doctor can receive collision warning information in a timely manner and avoid further damage. In addition, the system has dynamic monitoring and automatic alarm cancellation functions. When the real-time monitored spectral similarity drops below the threshold again, the system will automatically issue an alarm cancellation command. That is, when the implant detaches from the root surface, the same-frequency signal disappears, and the warning disappears. The automatic alarm cancellation function avoids continuous false alarm interference, allowing the doctor to focus on adjusting the implantation angle and position. The real-time response characteristics of this invention ensure continuous monitoring throughout the implantation process, providing the doctor with immediate feedback information, which helps improve the accuracy and safety of the surgery and reduces the reliance on the doctor's experience judgment.

[0062] It also includes an alarm device 400; the alarm device 400 is electrically connected to the signal processing module 300, and when the same frequency determination result output by the signal processing module 300 is the same frequency, the alarm device 400 issues an alarm in response to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module 300.

[0063] Furthermore, the alarm device, as one of the output terminals of the system of this invention, is responsible for conveying the detection results to the operating physician in a perceptible manner. When the signal processing module detects a synchronous state and outputs a collision alarm command, the alarm device will immediately respond and issue a corresponding alarm signal. The alarm device adopts a low-latency signal transmission and processing mechanism to ensure real-time performance. The form of the alarm signal can be selected according to the needs of the clinical environment, ensuring that it can be detected by the physician in a timely manner under various surgical conditions. The integrated alarm design of this invention simplifies equipment operation, reduces the learning cost for physicians, and improves the acceptance and efficiency of the system in the clinical environment, providing important technical guarantees for the safe implantation of orthodontic micro-implants.

[0064] In one specific implementation, the alarm device may be a visual alarm, including but not limited to devices that alert users through visual signals, such as lighting devices like light bulbs that alert users through flashing lights. The alarm device may also be an auditory alarm, such as a buzzer or siren that alerts users through sound. In another specific implementation, the alarm device may also be a tactile alarm that alerts users through touch (e.g., vibration). Accordingly, in some implementations, the alarm signal may be a visual alarm signal, an auditory alarm signal, or a tactile alarm signal.

[0065] Two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors 100 are provided. The two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors 100 respectively sense the left external mechanical vibration signal of the left tooth of the predetermined implant and the right external mechanical vibration signal of the right tooth, generating a first left spectrum and a first right spectrum.

[0066] Furthermore, the configuration of two arc-shaped substrate vibration sensors ensures the precise positioning capability and spatial perception function of the system of the present invention. The left and right sensors independently monitor the vibration signals of the corresponding teeth, that is, each of the left and right teeth adjacent to the implant has its own receptor sensor. The left sensor specifically senses the external mechanical vibration signal from the left tooth of the intended implant, generating a first left spectrum; the right sensor specifically senses the vibration signal from the right tooth, generating a first right spectrum. This lateral monitoring can accurately identify the specific location of the collision, providing the doctor with precise directional guidance.

[0067] The signal processing of the two sensors is independent, avoiding signal interference and confusion, and improving detection accuracy. Each sensor is equipped with an independent signal processing channel, ensuring that vibration on both sides can be monitored simultaneously. The dual-sensor configuration of this invention is particularly suitable for clinical situations where implants are located between two teeth, enabling simultaneous monitoring of the contact status with the two adjacent teeth, providing doctors with comprehensive positional information, and effectively avoiding the collision risks that may be missed by unilateral monitoring.

[0068] When two arc-shaped base vibration sensors are provided, the signal processing module 300 is configured to: independently output the left-side same-frequency determination result of the first left-side spectrum and the second spectrum, and independently output the right-side same-frequency determination result of the first right-side spectrum and the second spectrum; when either the left-side same-frequency determination result or the right-side same-frequency determination result is determined to be the same frequency, the signal processing module 300 issues a collision alarm command.

[0069] Furthermore, this invention sets the signal processing module to have an independent output function, aiming to achieve precise directional early warning. Specifically, it can independently calculate and output the left-side and right-side same-frequency determination results, corresponding to the spectral similarity analysis between the left-side sensor and the bone conduction sensor, and the spectral similarity analysis between the right-side sensor and the bone conduction sensor, respectively. When the same-frequency determination result on either side is determined to be the same frequency, the system will issue a collision alarm command, ensuring that no potential collision risk is missed, thus improving system safety. It is better to generate a conservative warning than to miss a real collision event. In addition, the independent signal processing channel allows the system to monitor the state changes of multiple locations simultaneously, providing comprehensive monitoring coverage for complex implantation environments. This ensures both comprehensive monitoring and the independence of each channel's processing, avoiding mutual interference between signals from different locations, and providing a technical foundation for accurate collision detection and localization.

[0070] The system also includes: a display device 500; when the left-side frequency determination result is the same frequency, the display device 500 responds to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module 300 and issues a prompt message, prompting the operator to operate the implant handle to rotate the predetermined implant in a direction away from the left side of the predetermined implant tooth; when the right-side frequency determination result is the same frequency, the display device 500 responds to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module 300 and issues a prompt message, prompting the operator to operate the implant handle to rotate the predetermined implant in a direction away from the right side of the predetermined implant tooth.

[0071] Furthermore, when the left side is determined to be in sync with the left tooth, the display device will respond to the collision alarm command and issue specific operation prompts, guiding the doctor to operate the implant handle to rotate the intended implant away from the left tooth. That is, when the left side emits a sync signal, the doctor is prompted to slowly rotate the implant handle in the opposite direction. Similarly, when a collision is detected on the right side, the system will prompt the doctor to adjust the implant away from the right tooth.

[0072] This invention transforms abstract spectrum analysis results into specific operational suggestions through the directional guidance function provided by the display device, reducing the judgment burden on doctors. The display device can adopt various forms such as graphical interface, text prompts or arrow indicators to ensure that the guidance information is clear and easy to understand. This not only improves the accuracy of operation, but also shortens the doctor's reaction time, reduces the additional damage that may be caused by judgment delay, and helps to improve clinical acceptance and operational efficiency.

[0073] The arc-shaped substrate vibration sensor 100 and the bone conduction vibration sensor 200 are both implemented based on MEMS accelerometer chips.

[0074] Furthermore, the MEMS accelerometer chip of the present invention is configured to be 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.8 mm. 3 Its small size, high precision, and fast response make it ideal for precise vibration detection in the confined environment of the oral cavity. The application of MEMS technology enables the sensor to detect extremely minute vibration changes. The accelerometer chip senses vibration by measuring changes in the acceleration of an object in three spatial dimensions. This omnidirectional detection capability ensures that the invention can accurately capture collision signals from various directions. The chip's high sensitivity allows the system to issue an early warning as soon as the implant begins to contact the tooth root, without waiting for a strong impact. Furthermore, the low power consumption of the MEMS chip ensures that the system can operate continuously without interruption due to battery depletion, providing a hardware foundation for accurate spectral comparison analysis.

[0075] like Figure 3 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of an implementation of a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system according to the present invention. Figure 3 The mid-arc base serves as a dental crown, covering the patient's dental arch structure. Vibration sensors are embedded within the crown. A represents the tooth to be implanted, i.e., the predetermined implantation location. There is a sensor on each of the adjacent teeth on both sides of the predetermined implantation location to detect external mechanical vibration signals acting on the adjacent teeth. The other side is the structure of the orthodontic micro-implant. A bone conduction vibration sensor is fixed to the surface of the implant screw base at the base. This sensor senses vibration signals through jawbone conduction. Multiple sensors transmit signals to the signal processing device at the bottom via a signal transmission path. In practical applications, the signals are transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth or other methods. The signal processing device is responsible for receiving and analyzing the vibration signals and outputting warning information.

[0076] To better understand the present invention, as Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides a method for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth, implemented based on any of the above-described abnormal vibration signal detection systems for teeth, comprising:

[0077] S1: Collect the main body vibration signal during the implantation of the implant nail to obtain the main body vibration data.

[0078] Furthermore, the main body vibration data is collected by a bone conduction matrix vibration sensor. The main body is an implant. When the implant vibrates, it will be displaced under the action of inertial force, changing the capacitance value between the electrode plates of the detection chip. The amount of capacitance change is proportional to the vibration acceleration. The analog-to-digital converter converts the capacitance change into a digital signal, and then the corresponding data is transmitted in the form of data packets. Finally, the terminal collects and obtains a data packet format containing timestamp, vibration amplitude, frequency information and signal quality indicators, forming a continuous main body vibration data stream.

[0079] S2: Collect receptor vibration signals from the surface of the adjacent tooth crown to obtain receptor vibration data.

[0080] The receptor vibration data in step S2 includes: left receptor vibration data corresponding to the position of the left adjacent tooth and right receptor vibration data corresponding to the position of the right adjacent tooth.

[0081] Furthermore, the receptor vibration signal is acquired by an arc-shaped substrate vibration sensor. This receptor vibration signal originates from two MEMS accelerometer chips embedded in the biocompatible silicone braces, corresponding to the positions of the left and right adjacent teeth, respectively. Each sensor chip is connected to an independent signal conditioning circuit. When displacement occurs in the left and right adjacent teeth, the receptor vibration data is independently transmitted to the terminal via their respective Bluetooth transmission modules. Finally, the terminal obtains a data packet structure containing sensor identifiers, timestamps, and triaxial acceleration values.

[0082] S3: Perform frequency domain conversion on the vibration data of the host and the vibration data of the receiver to obtain spectral characteristics.

[0083] Step S3 further includes:

[0084] S31: By using a signal amplification algorithm, the vibration data of the main body and the vibration data of the receiver are enhanced to obtain vibration frequency data.

[0085] Furthermore, this invention employs an adaptive gain control method, dynamically adjusting the amplification factor based on the amplitude of the input signal to amplify the signal. First, the root mean square (RMS) value of the input signal is calculated. Based on the RMS value, the amplification factor is set to 10. Subsequently, each sampling point of the original vibration data is multiplied by the corresponding amplification factor to obtain the amplified value. Additionally, this invention uses an anti-aliasing filter to process the amplified data. The cutoff frequency is set to half the sampling frequency. This filtering process eliminates high-frequency noise and aliasing interference introduced during amplification, ultimately yielding the vibration wave frequency data.

[0086] S32: The vibration wave frequency data is decomposed in the frequency domain using the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm to obtain the spectral characteristics including the main frequency component and the fundamental frequency component.

[0087] Furthermore, in step S32, the vibration wave frequency data is first preprocessed, including zero-filling and window function processing. The preprocessed data is then input into the FFT algorithm. The algorithm completes the frequency domain transformation through butterfly operation. The FFT algorithm outputs a complex spectrum containing real and imaginary parts. Subsequently, the amplitude spectrum is obtained by calculating the modulus, and the phase spectrum is obtained by calculating the phase.

[0088] Specifically, the identification of the dominant frequency component is achieved through a peak detection algorithm, which involves scanning the amplitude spectrum to find the frequency point with the largest amplitude as the dominant frequency, and the amplitude corresponding to the dominant frequency as the dominant frequency amplitude. The identification of the fundamental frequency component is achieved through a harmonic analysis algorithm, which involves searching for peaks at integer multiples of the dominant frequency and finding the harmonic component with the second largest amplitude as the fundamental frequency. The final obtained spectral features include parameters such as dominant frequency, dominant frequency amplitude, fundamental frequency, fundamental frequency amplitude, spectral centroid, and spectral bandwidth.

[0089] S4: Calculate the spectral similarity between the subject and the receptor based on the spectral features to obtain the detection results.

[0090] Step S4 further includes:

[0091] S41: Calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient between the dominant frequency component and the fundamental frequency component in the spectral features to obtain the spectral similarity value.

[0092] Furthermore, this invention quantifies the degree of linear correlation between two spectral features using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Specifically, first, the dominant frequency component sequences of the subject vibration data and the receiver vibration data are extracted; then, the mean and standard deviation of the two sequences are calculated; and finally, the Pearson correlation coefficient is calculated using the following formula: Where r is the calculated Pearson correlation coefficient, Cov(X,Y) is the covariance, and σx and σy are the standard deviations. The Pearson correlation coefficient for the fundamental frequency component is then calculated using the same method. The final spectral similarity value is obtained by weighted averaging of the dominant frequency and the fundamental frequency.

[0093] S42: Based on the spectral similarity value, determine whether the subject and the receptor are of the same frequency to obtain the detection result.

[0094] The detection results in step S42 include: the same frequency determination result and the collision warning command.

[0095] The same-frequency determination result includes: when the spectral similarity value is greater than 0.9, the same-frequency determination result is same-frequency; when the spectral similarity value is less than or equal to 0.9, the same-frequency determination result is different-frequency.

[0096] Furthermore, in step S42, the spectral similarity value is compared with the threshold. As mentioned above, when the similarity value > 0.9, the determination result is a same frequency state, indicating that the implant and the tooth root have collided; when the similarity value ≤ 0.9, the determination result is a different frequency state, indicating that the implant and the tooth root have not collided. In addition, the same frequency determination result can also include confidence calculation. When the confidence is positive, the larger the value, the more reliable the collision determination.

[0097] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to a method and system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth.

[0098] The arc-shaped substrate vibration sensor is a MEMS accelerometer chip, silicon-based, measuring 1.5 × 1.5 × 0.8 mm. 3 First, two MEMS sensors are embedded in a pre-made, ultra-thin dental crown made of biocompatible silicone. The sensor positions correspond to the crown surfaces of the teeth adjacent to the intended implant placement locations. The pre-made dental crown is also connected to a Bluetooth module and a battery module to ensure the transmission of sensor vibration data and power supply, respectively.

[0099] The bone conduction vibration sensor is a MEMS accelerometer chip attached to the surface of the micro-implant screw base. The implant is inserted using a dedicated handle; during insertion, the implant base engages with the handle's groove, and both rotate together when the handle is in operation. The sensor signal on the implant is further transmitted to the implant handle via electromagnetic induction. The handle is equipped with a Bluetooth receiver and a battery, enabling it to receive and transmit vibration signals.

[0100] Both the vibration signals from the implant and the receiving device are transmitted to a computer for data processing. The data processing procedure is as follows: First, the vibration frequency is amplified (by a factor of 10), and the dominant frequency (received signal from the implant sensor) and fundamental frequency (received signal from the crown surface sensor) are calculated, generating a harmonic distribution. For example, when not in contact, object A has a dominant frequency of 120Hz, and object B has a dominant frequency of 85Hz; after contact, both approach 100Hz. If the spectral similarity r between the two signals is greater than 0.9 (close to 1), they are considered to be at the same frequency, indicating a collision between the implant and the tooth root. The degree of similarity is classified according to the r value; the more reliable the collision prediction, the higher the warning level.

[0101] Each tooth adjacent to the implant has its own receptor sensor, independent of the main sensor's frequency signal. Upon receiving a frequency signal, the receiving computer issues a beeping warning. The two receptor sensors on the left and right sides correspond to different warnings. If the left side emits a frequency signal, it instructs the dentist to slowly rotate the implant handle in the opposite direction, thus slightly removing the implant. When the implant detaches from the root surface, the frequency signal disappears, the warning disappears, and the device completes the detection and processing of abnormal vibration signals generated during implant placement. For the next placement, the implant needs to be moved closer to the tooth on the side without a warning, and the distance to be moved is determined based on the frequency correlation level.

[0102] The following describes a tooth abnormal vibration signal detection system provided by the present invention in conjunction with specific application scenarios.

[0103] In preparing patients for orthodontic micro-implant placement, a pre-made biocompatible silicone brace is first placed in the patient's mouth. This brace is 0.5mm thick and contains two 1.5×1.5×0.8mm implants. 3 The MEMS accelerometer chips are located on the corresponding positions on the crown surfaces of the adjacent teeth on both sides of the predetermined implant location. The Bluetooth module connected to the braces automatically establishes a connection with the signal processing equipment in the operating room, with the transmission rate set to 115200bps.

[0104] On the surface of the implant screw base, the doctor confirmed that a bone conduction vibration sensor (also a MEMS chip) had been fixedly installed. When the implant screw is fitted with the special handle, the transmitting coil on the base and the receiving coil in the handle form an electromagnetic induction transmission channel. The Bluetooth module in the handle begins to transmit data packets containing timestamps, vibration amplitude, and frequency information to the processing device at a frequency of 100 times per second.

[0105] After the surgery begins, the surgeon slowly rotates the implant to insert it. At this time, the signal processing module simultaneously receives data from three sensors: the left adjacent tooth sensor 100, the right adjacent tooth sensor 100', and the implant sensor 200. The system amplifies the received vibration signal by 10 times, and then converts the time-domain signal into a frequency-domain signal through a fast Fourier transform, obtaining the first spectral feature (adjacent tooth sensor signal) and the second spectral feature (implant sensor signal).

[0106] For example, when the implant is inserted to a depth of about 3mm, the main frequency of the vibration signal detected by the sensor 100 of the left adjacent tooth suddenly changes from the original 85Hz to 100Hz, which is highly consistent with the main frequency (100Hz) of the implant sensor 200. The system immediately calculates the Pearson correlation coefficient of the two spectra, and the result shows that the similarity is 0.94, which exceeds the preset threshold of 0.9.

[0107] The signal processing module immediately outputs the "left side same frequency" judgment result, the early warning unit issues a collision alarm command, the alarm device responds and emits a continuous buzzer, and at the same time the display device shows a red warning light and text prompt: "Left side collision detected, please adjust the implant nail to the right and slightly unscrew it."

[0108] Upon receiving the warning message, the physician immediately stopped the implantation and, following the system prompts, slowly rotated the implant handle in the opposite direction by about 1 / 4 turn to slightly extend the implant and adjust the angle to the right. During the adjustment, the system continuously monitored the changes in spectral similarity. When the similarity dropped to 0.7, the system determined it to be in a "different frequency" state, automatically issued an alarm cancellation command, the beeping stopped, and the warning light turned green.

[0109] Following system guidance, the dentist readjusted the implantation angle, avoiding the adjacent teeth on the left side. Throughout the implantation process, three sensors continuously monitored in real-time at a sampling frequency of 800-1000Hz, with the spectral similarity remaining within the safe range of 0.3-0.6. Ultimately, the implant was successfully placed to the predetermined depth without any collision alarms, and the surgery was completed smoothly. The data transmission delay throughout the entire process was less than 50 milliseconds, ensuring real-time alerts and surgical safety.

[0110] This invention avoids the misjudgments and missed detections that are prone to occur in traditional single detection methods by precisely arranging MEMS accelerometer chips and employing a dual-signal-source acquisition strategy. Simultaneously, the application of amplification algorithms amplifies weak vibration signals, greatly enhancing the system's ability to perceive subtle vibration changes. This allows even slight root contact to be detected promptly, providing early warning in the early stages of damage and effectively preventing severe root damage and postoperative complications caused by insufficient detection sensitivity. Furthermore, this invention achieves efficient conversion from the time domain to the frequency domain through the use of a fast Fourier transform algorithm. Precise analysis of the dominant and fundamental frequency components accurately identifies the frequency characteristics of the vibration signal. This provides a reliable data foundation for subsequent similarity calculations, avoiding the difficulties in judgment caused by noise interference and signal overlap in time-domain analysis. Furthermore, by employing the Pearson correlation coefficient algorithm, it quantifies the spectral similarity of the vibration signals of the subject and receiver, transforming complex vibration pattern recognition into precise numerical calculations. The calculation results are intuitive and reliable, providing clinicians with a scientific basis for judgment. Compared to traditional experience-based judgment methods, it eliminates the interference of subjective factors, ensuring the objectivity and consistency of detection results. While maintaining detection sensitivity, it effectively reduces the false alarm rate, making the same-frequency determination results more accurate and reliable. This avoids the frequent false alarms caused by oversensitivity affecting the surgical process, and also avoids the risk of missed detection due to insufficient sensitivity.

[0111] This invention enables real-time and accurate detection of implant collision with tooth root, significantly reducing surgical risks and postoperative complication rates. Furthermore, the quantified spectral similarity eliminates the subjectivity and uncertainty of traditional experience-based judgments, ensuring detection sensitivity while effectively reducing false alarm rates. The independent detection on both sides and the graded early warning mechanism provide doctors with precise directional guidance, shortening surgical time and improving implantation success rate and clinical operation safety.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals in teeth, characterized in that, include: An arc-shaped base that adapts to the user's upper and lower jaws and covers multiple teeth; A curved matrix vibration sensor is provided, and multiple curved matrix vibration sensors are provided. The curved matrix vibration sensors are embedded in the curved matrix. Each curved matrix vibration sensor corresponds one-to-one with the adjacent teeth on both sides of the user's predetermined implantation position. The curved matrix vibration sensor is configured to sense external mechanical vibration signals acting on the curved matrix and the adjacent teeth on both sides in real time. A bone conduction vibration sensor is fixedly installed on the surface of the user's predetermined implant screw base to sense bone conduction vibration signals transmitted through the user's jawbone to the predetermined implant screw base. The signal processing module is electrically connected to the arc-shaped matrix vibration sensor and the bone conduction vibration sensor. The signal processing module is used to receive the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively and perform frequency domain conversion to obtain a first spectral feature and a second spectral feature; calculate the similarity between the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, and output the same frequency judgment result of the first spectrum and the second spectrum according to the similarity.

2. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abnormal vibration signal detection system for teeth is connected to the implant handle.

3. The system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 1, wherein, The signal processing module includes: Receiving unit: used to receive the external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal respectively; Frequency domain conversion unit: used to perform frequency domain conversion on the received external mechanical vibration signal and the bone conduction vibration signal to obtain the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, respectively; Similarity calculation unit: used to calculate the similarity between the first spectral feature and the second spectral feature, and output the same frequency judgment result of the first spectrum and the second spectrum according to the first preset condition and the similarity; Early warning unit: used to output a collision alarm command based on the same frequency judgment result.

4. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first preset conditions include: When the similarity is greater than 0.9, the same frequency determination result is same frequency; When the similarity is less than or equal to 0.9, the same frequency determination result is different frequency.

5. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 4, characterized in that, The early warning unit is configured as follows: When the same frequency determination result is the same frequency, a collision alarm command is issued; After issuing a collision alarm command, if the real-time received results of the same frequency determination of the first spectrum and the second spectrum are different frequencies, an alarm cancellation command is issued.

6. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 5, wherein, Also includes: Alarm device; The alarm device is electrically connected to the signal processing module. When the same frequency determination result output by the signal processing module is the same frequency, the alarm device responds to the collision alarm command from the signal processing module and issues an alarm.

7. The system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 1, wherein, Two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors are provided. The two arc-shaped matrix vibration sensors respectively sense the left external mechanical vibration signal of the left tooth of the predetermined implant and the right external mechanical vibration signal of the right tooth, generating a first left spectrum and a first right spectrum.

8. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 7, characterized in that, When two of the arc-shaped substrate vibration sensors are provided, the signal processing module is configured as follows: The left-side frequency co-frequency determination results of the first left-side spectrum and the second spectrum are independently output, and the right-side frequency co-frequency determination results of the first right-side spectrum and the second spectrum are independently output. When any one of the left same frequency determination result and the right same frequency determination result is determined as same frequency, the signal processing module sends a collision alarm instruction.

9. A system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also include: Display device; When the left same frequency determination result is same frequency, the display device sends a prompt information in response to the collision alarm instruction from the signal processing module, prompting the operation of the implant handle to rotate the predetermined implant body away from the left tooth of the predetermined implant body; When the right same frequency determination result is same frequency, the display device sends a prompt information in response to the collision alarm instruction from the signal processing module, prompting the operation of the implant handle to rotate the predetermined implant body away from the right tooth of the predetermined implant body.

10. The system for detecting abnormal vibration signals of teeth according to claim 1, wherein, The arc-shaped base vibration sensor and the bone conduction vibration sensor are realized based on a MEMS accelerometer chip.

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