A soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure and a construction method thereof, and relates to the technical field of slope protection, which comprises a protection frame, a protection panel, a soil nail part, a movable reinforcing rod and a water absorbing and guiding part. The protection frame divides the slope surface into vegetation planting areas and water storage areas alternately from top to bottom. The protection panel has a root system guiding structure for guiding the root system of the vegetation cultivated in the vegetation planting area and extending into the slope soil layer. The second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod are in sliding cooperation. When the plants grow in the seeding cavity, the stems or root systems can push the movable reinforcing rod to move outward. The lower movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope soil layer, and the upper movable reinforcing rod extends into the protection frame, forming an anchoring structure of the protection frame-movable reinforcing rod-second soil nail. The structure is dynamically reinforced with the growth of the vegetation. The more vigorous the vegetation is, the greater the thrust is, and the deeper the movable reinforcing rod is inserted into the connecting hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of slope protection technology, and in particular to a soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of slope engineering, slope protection structures are a key component in ensuring the safety of infrastructure such as roads and water conservancy. Traditional slope protection technologies are mainly divided into two categories: rigid support and flexible ecological slope protection. However, both types of technologies have obvious limitations in practical applications: Rigid support (such as masonry retaining walls and concrete spraying anchors) can quickly provide strong anti-sliding and anti-erosion capabilities, but its strong structural enclosure cannot provide conditions for vegetation growth, which can easily lead to ecological damage in the slope area. Moreover, it is prone to cracks due to temperature changes and soil settlement during long-term use, resulting in high maintenance costs. Flexible ecological slope protection (such as turf planting and hydroseeding) can achieve ecological restoration, but its initial soil stabilization capacity is weak. It relies on the root system of vegetation to gradually play a role in slope stabilization. In scenarios such as heavy rain, strong runoff, or poor slope soil stability, it is prone to slope erosion, soil loss, and even slope slip risk, making it difficult to meet the slope protection requirements with high stability requirements.

[0003] With increasing demands for the synergy between ecological protection and structural safety, existing combined slope protection technologies (such as soil nailing combined with vegetation) still have some problems: On the one hand, soil nails, as a single mechanical anchoring component, lack active synergy with the vegetation root system, and the vegetation growth process cannot dynamically strengthen the anchoring effect, resulting in slope stability improvement being limited to the fixation strength in the early stage of construction; on the other hand, the slope water management system is imperfect, and the water storage and water guiding structures are disconnected from the needs of vegetation growth, often resulting in low vegetation survival rates due to untimely water replenishment. Based on this, a combined soil nailing and vegetation slope protection structure and its construction method are proposed here. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, the present invention provides a soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure and its construction method. The second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod form a sliding fit. When the plants grow in the seeding chamber, the stems or roots can push the movable reinforcing rod outward, forming a synergistic anchoring structure of the slope protection frame, the movable reinforcing rod and the second soil nail.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a combined soil nailing and vegetation slope protection structure, including a slope protection frame that divides the slope surface into alternating vegetation planting areas and water retention areas from top to bottom, and further comprising:

[0006] The slope protection panel is fixedly installed in the vegetation planting area, and the slope protection panel has a root guiding structure for guiding the roots of the vegetation cultivated in the vegetation planting area to extend into the soil layer of the slope.

[0007] Soil nails penetrate the slope protection panel and are anchored to the interior of the slope soil layer. The soil nails include at least a second soil nail, which has an axially hollow structure and its internal hollow area forms a sowing cavity for accommodating plant seeds.

[0008] The movable reinforcing rod is slidably connected to the second soil nail, and one end of the movable reinforcing rod extends into the sowing chamber. During the growth of plant seeds in the sowing chamber, the plant stems or roots can push the movable reinforcing rod to move away from the sowing chamber, so that the extended end of the movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope soil layer and water storage area.

[0009] A water-absorbing and water-guiding component is provided at the water storage area. When the movable reinforcing rod moves outward and extends into the water storage area under the action of plant growth, the movable reinforcing rod can simultaneously squeeze the water-absorbing and water-guiding component to release water.

[0010] Preferably, the slope protection panel is a three-layer composite structure, including an anchoring layer, a root guide layer, and a planting layer that are fixedly connected in sequence along the direction away from the slope soil layer. The planting layer adopts a fine mesh structure, and the mesh of the planting layer is filled with planting soil for cultivating vegetation.

[0011] Preferably, the root guide layer is provided with a plurality of conical holes, the diameter of which gradually increases from 10mm to 30mm from the side near the planting layer to the side near the anchoring layer, and the anchoring layer is provided with a plurality of root passage holes corresponding to and communicating with the conical holes.

[0012] Preferably, the second soil nail includes an integrally formed nail rod and a conical anchoring part. The sidewalls of the nail rod and the conical anchoring part are provided with a plurality of first extension holes communicating with the sowing chamber. The first extension holes are used to allow the roots of the plants in the sowing chamber to penetrate out and extend into the slope soil layer.

[0013] Preferably, the movable reinforcing rod has an axial cavity, and the outer wall of the movable reinforcing rod has a plurality of second extension holes communicating with the axial cavity.

[0014] Preferably, a radially penetrating guide hole is also provided on the side wall of the nail rod, the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod penetrates the guide hole and forms a sliding fit structure with the guide hole, and the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod is provided with a pushing slope.

[0015] Preferably, the transverse support strips of the slope protection frame have connecting holes corresponding to the positions of the movable reinforcing rods. The outer end of the movable reinforcing rod can be squeezed into the connecting hole under the thrust of plant growth, forming a cooperative anchoring structure between the frame and the movable reinforcing rod.

[0016] Preferably, the soil nail further includes a first soil nail, which penetrates the slope protection panel and is inserted into the slope soil layer.

[0017] Preferably, the water-absorbing and water-conducting component includes a water-absorbing pad fixedly installed in the lower middle part of the water storage area. A water-retaining fiber strip is connected to the side of the water-absorbing pad facing the slope soil layer. The end of the water-retaining fiber strip away from the water-absorbing pad extends into the interior of the slope soil layer to realize the conduction of water to the soil layer.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention provides a construction method applied to the above-described soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1. Use manual or mechanical methods to trim the slope surface, remove loose soil, gravel, weeds and other debris to make the slope surface flat and the slope meet the design requirements.

[0020] S2. Before installing the slope protection frame, install the water absorption and drainage components and excavate the holes in the slope soil layer for the water-retaining fiber strips to extend into. Then install and fill the slope protection frame and calibrate the position so that the slope surface forms alternating vegetation planting areas and water storage areas.

[0021] S3. Lay slope protection panels in the vegetation planting area, and at the same time, place the movable reinforcement rods and the second soil nails in place. After installation, fill the planting layer with planting soil and fill the seeding chamber of the second soil nail with seeds and nutrient soil.

[0022] S4. Water and maintain the vegetation planting area, regularly water, fertilize and weed, monitor the vegetation growth, regularly inspect the slope protection structure, and repair any damage in a timely manner.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this invention may include the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. In this invention, the second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod form a sliding fit. When the plant grows in the sowing chamber, the stem or root system can push the movable reinforcing rod outward. The lower movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope soil layer, and the upper movable reinforcing rod extends into the slope protection frame, forming a synergistic anchoring structure of slope protection frame-movable reinforcing rod-second soil nail. Moreover, this structure is dynamically strengthened with the growth of vegetation. The more vigorous the vegetation, the greater the thrust. The deeper the movable reinforcing rod is inserted into the connecting hole, the stronger the synergistic anchoring effect, effectively resisting the risk of slope slippage.

[0025] 2. In this invention, the root-guiding structure of the slope protection panel guides the vegetation roots to extend into the slope soil layer. The plant roots in the sowing chamber penetrate through the first extension hole of the second soil nail and the second extension hole of the movable reinforcing rod and wrap around it, eventually extending into the soil layer. The roots and soil nails form a tight mechanical interlock, constructing a biological and mechanical composite anchor. The roots provide additional tensile strength, and the soil nails provide protection and a framework for the deep roots. The root network extending into the slope body and the deep soil nail anchoring zone work together to improve the overall anti-sliding stability of the slope and inhibit landslides.

[0026] 3. In this invention, the water-absorbing pad in the water storage area can store natural rainfall or artificial irrigation water, and the water-retaining fiber strips conduct water to the slope soil layer. When the movable reinforcement rod moves outward and extends into the water storage area, it can squeeze the water-absorbing pad to promote water release. Moreover, the more vigorous the vegetation growth, the higher the demand for water, and the greater the squeezing force of the movable reinforcement rod, the more water is released, ensuring timely water replenishment and meeting the water needs of vegetation and slope soil layer at different growth stages.

[0027] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same parts in the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention with some slope protection panels removed;

[0031] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 A structural diagram from another angle;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention installed on a slope;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod combined in this invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second soil nail and the movable reinforcing rod in their disassembled state according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the slope protection frame and water-absorbing and guiding component of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8This is a structural schematic diagram of the slope protection panel of the present invention in a disassembled state;

[0037] Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 8 A structural diagram from another angle;

[0038] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram.

[0039] The correspondence between the labels and component names in the attached figures is as follows:

[0040] 1. Slope protection frame; 101. Vegetation planting area; 102. Water retention area;

[0041] 2. Slope protection panel; 21. Planting layer; 22. Root guide layer; 221. Conical holes; 23. Anchoring layer;

[0042] 3. Water-absorbing and water-guiding components; 31. Water-absorbing pad; 32. Water-retaining fiber strips;

[0043] 4. First soil nail;

[0044] 5. Second soil nail; 51. Nail rod; 52. Conical anchoring part; 53. Seeding chamber; 54. First extension hole; 55. Guide hole;

[0045] 6. Movable reinforcing rod; 61. Second extension hole; 62. Shaft cavity; 63. Pushing inclined surface;

[0046] 7. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Example 1:

[0050] See Figures 1-10As shown, this invention proposes a combined soil nailing and vegetation slope protection structure, including a slope protection frame 1. Figure 4 In this diagram, 'a' represents the slope body. The slope protection frame 1 can be prefabricated with reinforced concrete to ensure sufficient flexural and shear strength. For ease of installation, it can be prefabricated into independent segments for later assembly. The slope protection frame 1 divides the slope surface from top to bottom into alternating vegetation planting areas 101 and water storage areas 102. The water storage area 102 is elongated, and the width ratio between the two can be flexibly adjusted according to local rainfall and vegetation water requirements. Generally, the width of the vegetation planting area 101 is 1.5- The water storage area 102 is 0.2-0.8m wide, ensuring sufficient growth space for vegetation. It also collects rainwater. The area includes a slope protection panel 2, soil nails, and movable reinforcing rods 6. The slope protection panel 2 is fixedly installed in the vegetation planting area 101 and has a root guiding structure. This structure guides the roots of the vegetation cultivated in the planting area 101 to extend into the slope soil layer. The soil nails include a first soil nail 4 and a second soil nail 5. Both the first soil nail 4 and the second soil nail 5 can be made of threaded steel. Both the first soil nail 4 and the second soil nail 5 penetrate the slope protection panel 2 and are inserted into the slope soil layer. The diameter of the first soil nail 4 is smaller than that of the second soil nail 5. Together, they achieve the stable installation of the slope protection panel 2. The second soil nail 5 has an axially hollow structure. Its internal hollow area forms a sowing cavity 53 for accommodating plant seeds. The movable reinforcing rod 6 can be made of high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy material. The movable reinforcing rod 6 is slidably connected to the second soil nail 5. The movable reinforcing rod 6 and the second soil nail 5 are set at an angle of 30°-90°. One end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 extends into the sowing cavity 53. During the growth of plant seeds in the sowing cavity 53, the plant stems or roots can push the movable reinforcing rod 6 to move away from the sowing cavity 53. The movable reinforcing rod 6 has upper and lower layers. The extended end of the upper movable reinforcing rod 6 can extend into the water storage area 102, and the extended end of the lower movable reinforcing rod 6 can further extend into the slope soil layer.

[0051] Among them, see Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the slope protection panel 2 is a three-layer composite structure, including an anchoring layer 23, a root guide layer 22, and a planting layer 21, which are sequentially fixed and connected along the direction away from the slope soil layer. The planting layer 21 adopts a fine mesh structure, which effectively restrains the planting layer 21 and reduces soil erosion even under rainfall or slope runoff. The mesh of the planting layer 21 is filled with planting soil for cultivating vegetation. This planting soil can be made of humus, perlite, vermiculite, and organic fertilizer mixed in a specific ratio. The mesh size is controlled at 3-8mm to ensure the planting soil layer... The stable filling prevents soil erosion due to excessively large mesh size, while providing ample space for seedling emergence, inducing a large number of fine fibrous roots, and quickly forming an erosion-resistant layer. Simultaneously, it effectively blocks external debris (such as stones and dead branches) from entering the planting layer 21 and affecting vegetation growth. The root-guiding layer 22 is made of composite materials with high strength, anti-aging, and corrosion-resistant properties, capable of withstanding the pressure of the slope soil and external environmental erosion (such as ultraviolet radiation and rainwater) for a long time, preventing structural failure due to material damage. The overall structure is a porous plate-like structure. The root layer 22 has multiple conical holes 221, with the diameter of the conical holes 221 gradually increasing from the side near the planting layer 21 (10mm diameter) to the side near the anchoring layer 23 (30mm diameter), forming a funnel-shaped channel that is narrow in and wide out. Utilizing the plants' geotropism and hydrotropism, this naturally guides the roots to deeper and more stable soil. The anchoring layer 23 is made of reinforced concrete or high-strength fiber-reinforced composite material. The anchoring layer 23 is the inner structure of the slope protection panel 2 close to the slope soil layer, anchoring the entire slope protection layer. Panel 2 is fixed on the slope and mainly serves the dual functions of fixing the panel, connecting the slope soil layer, and providing the final growth channel for the roots. Multiple root passage holes corresponding to and connected to the conical holes 221 are provided on the anchoring layer 23. The diameter of the root passage holes is consistent with the diameter of the conical holes 221 on the side close to the anchoring layer 23 (30mm) to ensure that the two are connected to form a complete root channel. The distribution density of the root passage holes matches that of the conical holes 221, usually 15-20 holes per square meter, which can meet the needs of uniform distribution of vegetation roots and sufficient soil fixation.

[0052] See Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the second soil nail 5 includes an integrally formed nail rod 51 and a conical anchoring part 52. Multiple first extension holes 54 communicating with the sowing chamber 53 are provided on the side walls of both the nail rod 51 and the conical anchoring part 52. The roots of the plants in the sowing chamber 53 can pass through these holes and gradually extend into the slope soil layer, ultimately forming a root network and a mechanical interlocking structure with the soil nail. The first extension holes 54 are used to allow the roots of the plants in the sowing chamber 53 to pass through and extend into the slope soil layer. A shaft cavity 62 is provided axially on the movable reinforcing rod 6, and multiple second extension holes 61 communicating with the shaft cavity 62 are provided on the outer wall of the movable reinforcing rod 6. When the plant roots in the sowing chamber 53 pass through the first extension holes 54, some roots further pass through the second extension holes 61 and enter the shaft cavity 62, causing the roots to grow coiled within the shaft cavity 62, ultimately forming a tightly wrapped structure with the movable reinforcing rod 6, increasing the gripping force between the roots and the reinforcing rod, and preventing root slippage.

[0053] A radially penetrating guide hole 55 is also provided on the side wall of the nail rod 51. The diameter of the guide hole 55 is larger than the diameter of the movable reinforcing rod 6, providing space for the downward insertion and anchoring of the movable reinforcing rod 6. The inner end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 passes through the guide hole 55 and forms a sliding fit structure with the guide hole 55. The inner end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 is provided with a pushing slope 63.

[0054] See Figure 3 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 10 As shown, the transverse support strip of the slope protection frame 1 has a connecting hole 7 corresponding to the position of the movable reinforcing rod 6. The outer end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 can be squeezed into the connecting hole 7 under the thrust of plant growth, forming a cooperative anchoring structure between the frame and the movable reinforcing rod 6.

[0055] Through the above, during the growth and elongation of the vegetation seeds sown in the sowing chamber 53, and during the growth of the plant stems or roots, the movable reinforcing rod 6 of the sliding connecting nail rod part 51 can be pushed. This thrust acts on the pushing slope 63 of the movable reinforcing rod 6, pushing the movable reinforcing rod 6 to move outward along the guide hole 55, allowing the lower movable reinforcing rod 6 to extend further into the slope soil layer, and further into the connecting hole 7 of the slope protection frame 1, forming a synergistic anchoring structure of slope protection frame 1, movable reinforcing rod 6, and second soil nail 5. Moreover, this structure is not fixed, but dynamically strengthens with vegetation growth. The more vigorous the vegetation growth, the greater the thrust, the deeper the movable reinforcing rod 6 is inserted into the connecting hole 7, and the stronger the synergistic anchoring effect of the three, thereby achieving a dynamic improvement in the stability of slope protection.

[0056] Secondly, during the vegetation elongation process, the plant roots guided down from the planting layer 21 will penetrate the root guide layer 22 and the anchoring layer 23, and extend into the slope soil layer. The plant roots in the seeding chamber 53 will penetrate through the first extension hole 54 and the second extension hole 61 and entwine, finally extending into the slope soil layer. This greatly enhances the gripping force between the roots and the soil nails when the roots are under tension, avoiding simple slippage and forming a biological and mechanical composite anchor. The roots provide additional tensile resistance, while the soil nails provide protection and a framework for the deep roots. The root network extending into the slope body works together with the deep soil nail anchoring zone to effectively suppress the occurrence of landslides.

[0057] During the installation of the slope protection panel 2, the movable reinforcing rod 6 is installed simultaneously, and the second soil nail 5 is first inserted through the slope protection panel 2, with the upper movable reinforcing rod 6 located in the pre-set slot of the planting layer 21.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] See Figures 1-2 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment is an extension based on embodiment one: the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3 of the soil nail and vegetation combined slope protection structure is set at the water storage area 102. It can store water through natural precipitation, artificial irrigation, etc., to provide water supply for the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3. When the movable reinforcing rod 6 moves outward and extends into the water storage area 102 under the action of plant growth, the movable reinforcing rod 6 can simultaneously squeeze the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3, causing the water-absorbing and water-conducting component 3 to release the stored water to meet the needs of vegetation growth and slope soil moisture retention.

[0060] The water-absorbing and guiding component 3 includes a water-absorbing pad 31. The water-absorbing pad 31 is made of highly absorbent resin composite sponge material, possessing extremely strong water absorption and retention capabilities. It is securely installed in the lower middle part of the water storage area 102, enabling it to fully contact and absorb the accumulated water at the bottom of the water storage area 102, while preventing water from being lost due to gravity. A hydrophilic water-retaining fiber strip 32 is connected to the side of the water-absorbing pad 31 facing the slope soil layer. The water-retaining fiber strip 32 is made of modified polypropylene fiber, with a surface covered with micron-level hydrophilic pores, which can quickly absorb the water released by the water-absorbing pad 31 and achieve long-term water transfer through capillary action. The water-retaining fiber strip 32 is located away from the water-absorbing pad 31. Extending into the soil layer of the slope at one end, these water-retaining fiber strips 32 facilitate the transfer of water to the soil layer. Specifically, these strips extend from the surface to the deep layer, forming a micro-humidity gradient in the soil. The surface soil has relatively low humidity due to faster water evaporation, while the deep soil is continuously replenished by the water-retaining fiber strips 32. This humidity difference induces water attraction in the vegetation roots, prompting them to actively grow towards the deeper areas where the soil nails are anchored with higher humidity and stability. As the roots continue to penetrate and entwine around the soil nails, they not only enhance the vegetation's own resistance to lodging but also, through the "bio-binding" effect of the roots, tightly bind the surrounding soil to the soil nails, thereby improving the overall anti-sliding stability of the slope.

[0061] As described above, when the movable reinforcing rod 6 is pushed and moved by the extension of the vegetation, the outer end of the movable reinforcing rod 6 extends into the connecting hole 7 and can also squeeze the water-absorbing pad 31, causing water to be squeezed out and realizing dynamic water replenishment. That is, the more vigorous the vegetation growth, the higher the demand for water, the greater the squeezing force of the movable reinforcing rod 6, and the more water the water-absorbing and guiding component 3 releases. This adapts to the water demand of vegetation and slope soil layers at different growth stages, which not only avoids the waste of water resources in traditional artificial irrigation, but also ensures the timeliness of water replenishment.

[0062] This invention also proposes a construction method for the above-mentioned soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1. Use manual or mechanical methods to trim the slope surface, remove loose soil, gravel, weeds and other debris to make the slope surface flat and the slope meet the design requirements.

[0064] S2. Before installing the slope protection frame 1, first install the water absorption and water guiding component 3, and excavate the hole in the slope soil layer for the water-retaining fiber strip 32 to extend into. Then install and fill the slope protection frame 1, and calibrate the position so that the slope surface forms alternating vegetation planting area 101 and water storage area 102.

[0065] S3. Lay slope protection panels 2 in the vegetation planting area 101, and at the same time, place the movable reinforcement rods 6 and the second soil nails 5 in place. After installation, fill the planting layer 21 with planting soil and fill the seeding chamber 53 of the second soil nails 5 with seeds and nutrient soil.

[0066] S4. Water and maintain the vegetation planting area 101 and the sowing chamber 53 regularly, water, fertilize and weed regularly, monitor the vegetation growth, regularly inspect the slope protection structure, and repair any damage in a timely manner.

[0067] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis; for parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the actions and modules involved in the specification are not necessarily essential to the present invention. Furthermore, it is understood that the steps in the method of the embodiments of the present invention can be adjusted, combined, and deleted according to actual needs, and the structure in the device of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined, divided, and deleted according to actual needs.

[0068] The various embodiments of the present invention have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combined soil nailing and vegetation slope protection structure, comprising a slope protection frame (1), characterized in that, The slope protection frame (1) divides the slope surface into alternating vegetation planting areas (101) and water storage areas (102) from top to bottom, and also includes: The slope protection panel (2) is fixedly installed in the vegetation planting area (101), and the slope protection panel (2) has a root guiding structure for guiding the vegetation roots cultivated in the vegetation planting area (101) to extend into the slope soil layer. Soil nails penetrate the slope protection panel (2) and are anchored to the interior of the slope soil layer. The soil nails include at least a second soil nail (5). The second soil nail (5) has an axially hollow structure, and its internal hollow area forms a sowing cavity (53) for accommodating plant seeds. The movable reinforcing rod (6) is slidably connected to the second soil nail (5), and one end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) extends into the sowing cavity (53). During the growth of plant seeds in the sowing cavity (53), the plant stem or root system can push the movable reinforcing rod (6) to move away from the sowing cavity (53) so that the extended end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) extends into the slope soil layer and water storage area (102). The water-absorbing and water-guiding component (3) is located in the water storage area (102). When the movable reinforcing rod (6) moves outward and extends into the water storage area (102) under the action of plant growth, the movable reinforcing rod (6) can simultaneously squeeze the water-absorbing and water-guiding component (3) to release water. The slope protection panel (2) is a three-layer composite structure, including an anchoring layer (23), a root guide layer (22) and a planting layer (21) that are fixedly connected in sequence along the direction away from the slope soil layer. The planting layer (21) adopts a fine mesh structure, and the mesh of the planting layer (21) is filled with planting soil for cultivating vegetation. The water-absorbing and water-conducting component (3) includes a water-absorbing pad (31) fixedly installed in the lower middle part of the water storage area (102), and a water-retaining fiber strip (32) is connected to the side of the water-absorbing pad (31) facing the slope soil layer.

2. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The root guide layer (22) is provided with a plurality of conical holes (221). The diameter of the conical holes (221) gradually increases from 10 mm to 30 mm from the side near the planting layer (21) to the side near the anchoring layer (23). The anchoring layer (23) is provided with a plurality of root passage holes corresponding to and communicating with the conical holes (221).

3. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second soil nail (5) includes an integrally formed nail rod (51) and a conical anchoring part (52). The nail rod (51) and the conical anchoring part (52) are provided with multiple first extension holes (54) that communicate with the sowing chamber (53). The first extension holes (54) are used to allow the roots of the plants in the sowing chamber (53) to penetrate out and extend into the slope soil layer.

4. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable reinforcing rod (6) has an axial cavity (62), and the outer wall of the movable reinforcing rod (6) has a plurality of second extension holes (61) communicating with the cavity (62).

5. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side wall of the nail rod (51) is also provided with a radially penetrating guide hole (55), the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) penetrates the guide hole (55) and forms a sliding fit structure with the guide hole (55), and the inner end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) is provided with a pushing slope (63).

6. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope protection frame (1) has a connecting hole (7) on its transverse support bar that corresponds to the position of the movable reinforcing rod (6). The outer end of the movable reinforcing rod (6) can be squeezed into the connecting hole (7) under the thrust of plant growth.

7. The soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil nail also includes a first soil nail (4), which penetrates the slope protection panel (2) and is inserted into the slope soil layer.

8. A construction method applied to the soil nailing and vegetation combined slope protection structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use manual or mechanical methods to trim the slope surface, remove loose soil, gravel, weeds and debris, so that the slope surface is flat and the slope meets the design requirements. S2. Before installing the slope protection frame (1), first install the water absorption and water guide (3), and excavate the hole in the slope soil layer for the water-retaining fiber strip (32) to extend into. Then install the filling slope protection frame (1) and calibrate the position so that the slope surface forms alternating vegetation planting area (101) and water storage area (102). S3. Lay slope protection panels (2) in the vegetation planting area (101), and at the same time, place the movable reinforcement rod (6) and the second soil nail (5) in place. After installation, fill the planting layer (21) with planting soil and fill the seeding cavity (53) of the second soil nail (5) with seeds and nutrient soil. S4. Water and maintain the vegetation planting area (101), water, fertilize and weed regularly, monitor the vegetation growth, regularly check the slope protection structure, and repair any damage in a timely manner.

Images