A high-impact hydraulic breaking hammer

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of hydraulic breaking hammer, especially to a high-impact hydraulic breaking hammer; the present application comprises a lower cylinder body, an upper cylinder body, a steel drill and a piston; the upper end of the upper cylinder body is connected with a valve seat, the two sides of the valve seat are respectively fixedly installed with an oil inlet valve assembly and an oil outlet valve assembly, and the center of the valve seat is fixedly installed with a reversing valve; the inside of the upper cylinder body is sequentially provided with a lower cylinder cavity, a middle cylinder cavity and an upper cylinder cavity along the direction close to the valve seat; the upper cylinder body is provided with a plurality of first oil channels communicated with the middle cylinder cavity, the valve seat is provided with a second oil channel communicated with the first oil channels; and the inside of the valve seat is provided with an oil outlet channel, the two ends of the oil outlet channel are respectively connected with the reversing valve and the oil outlet valve assembly; the present application increases a new hydraulic driving force to replace the nitrogen impact force on the basis of the hydraulic driving piston of the prior art breaking hammer, the driving force for the piston stroke is greater, the thrust is stable during the stroke process, the breaking effect of the breaking hammer is better, and the impact strength is stronger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic breakers, and more particularly to a high-impact hydraulic breaker. Background Technology

[0002] A hydraulic breaker is a device used for breaking rocks; its power source is pressurized oil supplied by the pump station of an excavator or loader, which enables it to more effectively clear loose rocks and soil from rock crevices during the excavation of building foundations.

[0003] The working principle of nitrogen-hydraulic combined hydraulic breakers on the market is as follows: hydraulic oil pushes the piston upward. When the piston moves upward, the high-pressure nitrogen at the top of the cylinder is pressurized and stored, and the high-pressure nitrogen exerts a downward force on the piston. At the same time, the reversing valve changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, and the piston moves rapidly downward under the push of nitrogen and hydraulic oil. However, since the piston is pushed downward by nitrogen medium, an appropriate amount of nitrogen needs to be charged into the cylinder before operation. Moreover, the nitrogen-assisted striking force is unstable, and the striking force gradually decreases with the piston rod stroke, resulting in an unsatisfactory crushing effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-impact hydraulic breaker. By replacing the nitrogen impact in existing technologies with hydraulic assisted impact, the impact force is stabilized, overcoming the unstable impact force of existing nitrogen-powered breakers, and thus solving the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention proposes a high-impact hydraulic breaker, comprising a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder, a steel chisel, and a piston; a valve seat is connected to the upper end of the upper cylinder, a rear seat is fixedly connected to the valve seat, and an oil inlet valve assembly and an oil outlet valve assembly are fixedly installed on both sides of the valve seat, and a reversing valve is fixedly installed at the center of the valve seat; the upper cylinder has a lower cylinder chamber, a middle cylinder chamber, and an upper cylinder chamber arranged sequentially along the direction close to the valve seat; the upper cylinder has multiple first oil passages communicating with the middle cylinder chamber, and the valve seat has a second oil passage communicating with the first oil passages, one end of the second oil passage being connected to the reversing valve; and the valve seat has an oil outlet passage inside, with both ends of the oil outlet passage being connected to the reversing valve and the oil outlet valve assembly, respectively.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil inlet valve assembly includes an oil inlet valve body, an oil inlet valve cavity is provided inside the oil inlet valve body, an oil inlet valve core with a hollow structure for sealing the oil inlet valve cavity is provided inside the oil inlet valve body, and an oil inlet port communicating with the oil inlet valve body is provided on the valve seat.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the oil inlet valve core is provided with a first through hole communicating with the oil inlet valve cavity, and a spring seat is fixedly connected to one end of the oil inlet valve body, and a first elastic element is fixedly connected between the spring seat and the oil inlet valve core.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve seat is provided with an oil inlet passage, the two ends of which are connected to the oil inlet valve assembly and the reversing valve, respectively, and the upper cylinder is provided with a return oil passage, one end of which is connected to the oil inlet passage and the other end of which is connected to the reversing valve.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the oil outlet valve assembly includes an oil outlet valve body, an oil outlet valve cavity is provided inside the oil outlet valve body, and an oil outlet valve core for sealing the oil outlet valve cavity is connected inside the oil outlet valve body; the valve seat is provided with a cavity inside, the cavity is connected to the oil outlet passage, and the oil outlet valve body is provided with a second through hole, the cavity is connected to the oil outlet valve cavity through the second through hole.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the valve seat is provided with an oil outlet hole, the oil outlet valve body is provided with a third through hole, and the oil outlet valve cavity is connected to the oil outlet hole through the third through hole.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing seat is fixedly connected to one end of the oil outlet valve body, and a second elastic element is fixedly connected between the oil outlet valve core and the sealing seat.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limiting sleeve and a guide sleeve that cooperate with a steel rod are fixedly connected to the lower cylinder body.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0014] 1. This invention adds a new hydraulic driving force to replace the nitrogen impact force on the existing hydraulic drive piston of the hydraulic breaker. Compared with nitrogen driving the piston stroke, this invention has a greater driving force on the piston stroke and the thrust is stable during the stroke, which makes the breaker more effective and stronger.

[0015] 2. The present invention, by providing a valve seat, an inlet valve assembly, an outlet valve assembly, and a reversing valve, can automatically control the flow direction of hydraulic oil; when the hydraulic oil pushes the piston, the outlet valve assembly is closed; when the piston returns, the reversing valve automatically changes the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, the outlet valve assembly automatically opens, and the hydraulic oil flows out from the outlet valve assembly, so that the piston returns smoothly. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic breaker of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hydraulic breaker of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point B.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the valve seat proposed in this invention.

[0021] The corresponding names of the reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1. Lower cylinder body; 2. Upper cylinder body; 21. Lower cylinder chamber; 22. Middle cylinder chamber; 23. Upper cylinder chamber; 24. First oil passage; 25. Return oil passage; 3. Valve seat; 31. Oil inlet; 32. Oil outlet; 33. Oil inlet passage; 34. Oil outlet passage; 35. Second oil passage; 36. Cavity; 4. Steel rod; 5. Rear seat; 6. Reversing valve; 7. Oil inlet valve assembly; 71. Oil inlet valve body; 72. Oil inlet valve core; 73. First through hole; 74. Oil inlet valve chamber; 75. Spring seat; 76. First elastic element; 8. Oil outlet valve assembly; 81. Oil outlet valve body; 82. Oil outlet valve core; 83. Second through hole; 84. Oil outlet valve chamber; 85. Sealing seat; 86. Second elastic element; 87. Third through hole; 9. Piston; 10. Guide sleeve; 11. Limit sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0023] Example 1: This example discloses a high-impact hydraulic breaker, such as... Figures 1-5As shown, the device includes a lower cylinder 1, an upper cylinder 2, a steel rod 4, and a piston 9. The steel rod 4 is connected to the lower cylinder 1, and the piston 9 is connected to the upper cylinder 2. In this embodiment, the driving force used for the stroke and return of the piston 9 is the same as that in the prior art, both achieved through the cooperation of external hydraulic oil and a commutator. The specific principle is not described in detail here. The difference between this embodiment and the prior art is that the nitrogen gas chamber is removed from the top of the upper cylinder 2, that is, the nitrogen-assisted piston stroke is eliminated. Instead, a valve seat 3 is connected to the upper end of the upper cylinder 2, and a rear seat 5 is fixedly connected to the valve seat 3. An oil inlet valve assembly 7 and an oil outlet valve assembly 8 are fixedly installed on both sides of the valve seat 3, and the center of the valve seat 3 is fixed. A directional control valve 6 is fixedly installed. In this embodiment, the structure and working principle of the directional control valve 6 are the same as those of the hydraulic oil directional control valve in the prior art, and the specific structure will not be described in detail. The difference between the upper cylinder body 2 and the prior art is that the upper cylinder body 2 has a lower cylinder chamber 21, a middle cylinder chamber 22 and an upper cylinder chamber 23 arranged sequentially along the direction close to the valve seat 3, while the prior art only has a lower cylinder chamber 21 and an upper cylinder chamber 23. The lower cylinder chamber 21 and the upper cylinder chamber 23 are connected to the external oil circuit to control the reciprocating motion of the piston. The upper cylinder body 2 has multiple first oil passages 24 that are connected to the middle cylinder chamber 22, and the valve seat 3 has a second oil passage 35 that is connected to the first oil passages 24. One end of the second oil passage 35 is connected to the directional control valve. 6. Connection; and the valve seat 3 is provided with an oil outlet passage 34 inside, with the two ends of the oil outlet passage 34 connected to the reversing valve 6 and the oil outlet valve assembly 8 respectively; hydraulic oil enters the reversing valve 6 through the oil inlet valve assembly 7, pushing the valve core of the reversing valve 6 to move, the hydraulic oil enters the first oil passage 24 through the second oil passage 35, and then enters the middle cylinder chamber 22, pushing the piston 9 to move downwards during the stroke, impacting the steel rod 4; when the piston 9 moves upwards during the return stroke, it squeezes the hydraulic oil inside the middle cylinder chamber 22, and the hydraulic oil returns to the reversing valve 6 through the first oil passage 24 and the second oil passage 35, pushing the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the second oil passage 35 and the oil outlet passage 34 can be connected, and the hydraulic oil flows through the oil outlet passage 8. Oil passage 34 enters the oil outlet valve assembly 8, opening the oil outlet valve assembly 8, and finally flows back from the oil outlet valve assembly 8 to the oil pump, forming a cycle, so that the piston 9 returns smoothly; the above actions are repeated, thereby realizing the continuous reciprocating motion of the piston 9; compared with the prior art, this embodiment eliminates the nitrogen-assisted piston pushing method, and instead adopts a structure such as valve seat 3, oil inlet valve assembly 7, oil outlet valve assembly 8 and reversing valve 6. On the basis of the existing hydraulic oil pushing piston 9, a second oil circuit control structure is added to assist in pushing piston movement. Compared with nitrogen-assisted pushing, this embodiment has a greater and more stable impact force on the piston, and a better crushing effect on rocks or road surfaces.

[0024] Preferably, a limiting sleeve 11 and a guide sleeve 10 that cooperate with the steel rod 4 are fixedly connected to the lower cylinder body 1. The limiting sleeve 11 controls the stroke of the steel rod 4, and the guide sleeve 10 plays a role in stabilizing the steel rod 4.

[0025] Example 2: Based on the structure of Example 1 above, such as Figure 3 As shown, the oil inlet valve assembly 7 includes an oil inlet valve body 71, which is fixedly connected to the valve seat 3. The oil inlet valve body 71 has an oil inlet valve cavity 74. The oil inlet valve body 71 also has a hollow oil inlet valve core 72 for sealing the oil inlet valve cavity 74. The upper end of the oil inlet valve core 72 is closed, and the lower end is open. When the oil inlet valve core 72 moves downwards, it can open the oil inlet valve cavity 74. The valve seat 3 has an oil inlet port 31 communicating with the oil inlet valve body 71, located at the upper end of the oil inlet valve body 71. The surface of the oil inlet valve core 72 has a first through hole 73 communicating with the oil inlet valve cavity 74. One end of the oil inlet valve body 71... A spring seat 75 is fixedly connected, and a first elastic element 76 is fixedly connected between the spring seat 75 and the oil inlet valve core 72. The first elastic element 76 is a compression spring. Hydraulic oil enters the oil inlet valve body 71 through the oil inlet port 31, pushing the oil inlet valve core 72 to move downward, opening the oil inlet valve chamber 74, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil inlet valve chamber 74. Then, it enters the oil inlet valve core 72 through the first through hole 73, and finally flows into the reversing valve 6 through the oil inlet passage 33. In this embodiment, the structure of the oil inlet valve assembly 7 has a backflow prevention function, so the hydraulic oil cannot flow back and can only flow in one direction, thus avoiding hydraulic oil backflow.

[0026] The valve seat 3 has an oil inlet passage 33 inside, and the two ends of the oil inlet passage 33 are connected to the oil inlet valve assembly 7 and the reversing valve 6 respectively. The upper cylinder 2 has a return oil passage 25 inside, one end of the return oil passage 25 is connected to the oil inlet passage 33 and the other end is connected to the reversing valve 6. The hydraulic oil is divided into two paths through the oil inlet passage 33, one path flows to the reversing valve 6 and the other path flows to the return oil passage 25, and finally flows back to the reversing valve 6.

[0027] Example 3: Based on the structure of Example 1 or Example 2 above, such as Figures 4-5As shown, the oil outlet valve assembly 8 in this embodiment includes an oil outlet valve body 81, which is fixedly connected to the valve seat 3. An oil outlet valve cavity 84 is provided inside the oil outlet valve body 81, and an oil outlet valve core 82 for sealing the oil outlet valve cavity 84 is connected inside the oil outlet valve body 81. The valve seat 3 has a cavity 36 inside, which communicates with the oil outlet passage 34. A second through hole 83 is provided on the oil outlet valve body 81, through which the cavity 36 communicates with the oil outlet valve cavity 84. A sealing seat 85 is fixedly connected to one end of the oil outlet valve body 81, and the oil outlet valve core 82 is fixedly connected to the sealing seat 85. There is a second elastic element 86, which is a compression spring. The valve seat 3 is provided with an oil outlet hole 32, and the oil outlet valve body 81 is provided with a third through hole 87. The oil outlet valve chamber 84 is connected to the oil outlet hole 32 through the third through hole 87. When oil is discharged, the hydraulic oil enters the cavity 36 through the oil outlet passage 34, and then enters the oil outlet valve chamber 84 through the second through hole 83. The hydraulic oil pushes the oil outlet valve core 82 down, opening the oil outlet valve chamber 84. The hydraulic oil flows downward through the oil outlet valve chamber 84, and then flows into the oil outlet hole 32 through the third through hole 87, and finally flows back to the oil pump.

[0028] The overall working principle of this invention is as follows: Hydraulic oil flows into the reversing valve 6 through the inlet valve assembly 7, pushing the valve core of the reversing valve 6 to move and connecting the second oil passage 35. At this time, the outlet oil passage 34 is closed with the second oil passage 35. The hydraulic oil enters the first oil passage 24 through the second oil passage 35, and then enters the middle cylinder chamber 22, pushing the piston 9 to move downwards and impact the steel rod 4. When the piston 9 moves upwards and returns, it squeezes the hydraulic oil inside the middle cylinder chamber 22. The hydraulic oil returns to the reversing valve 6 through the first oil passage 24 and the second oil passage 35, pushing the valve core to move in the opposite direction, so that the second oil passage 35 and the outlet oil passage 34 can be connected. The hydraulic oil in the reversing valve 6 enters the outlet valve assembly 8 through the outlet oil passage 34, opening the outlet valve assembly 8, and finally flows back to the oil pump from the outlet valve assembly 8, forming a cycle, so that the piston 9 returns smoothly. With the flow of hydraulic oil, the piston 9 is continuously pushed to reciprocate.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, this invention eliminates the nitrogen-assisted piston-driving method and instead adopts a structure including valve seat 3, oil inlet valve assembly 7, oil outlet valve assembly 8, and reversing valve 6. Based on the existing hydraulic oil-driven piston 9 reciprocating motion, a new hydraulic oil circuit control system is added to assist in driving the piston 9's stroke motion. Compared with the nitrogen-assisted driving method, this embodiment has a greater and more stable impact force on the piston 9, and a better crushing effect on rocks or road surfaces.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0031] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-impact hydraulic breaker, comprising a lower cylinder (1), an upper cylinder (2), a steel chisel (4), and a piston (9); characterized in that, The upper cylinder body (2) is connected to a valve seat (3), a rear seat (5) is fixedly connected to the valve seat (3), and an oil inlet valve assembly (7) and an oil outlet valve assembly (8) are fixedly installed on both sides of the valve seat (3), and a reversing valve (6) is fixedly installed in the center of the valve seat (3). The upper cylinder body (2) is provided with a lower cylinder chamber (21), a middle cylinder chamber (22) and an upper cylinder chamber (23) in sequence along the direction close to the valve seat (3); The upper cylinder body (2) is provided with a plurality of first oil passages (24) communicating with the middle cylinder cavity (22), and the valve seat (3) is provided with a second oil passage (35) communicating with the first oil passages (24), and one end of the second oil passage (35) is connected to the reversing valve (6); Furthermore, the valve seat (3) is provided with an oil outlet passage (34) inside, and the two ends of the oil outlet passage (34) are respectively connected to the reversing valve (6) and the oil outlet valve assembly (8); The oil inlet valve assembly (7) includes an oil inlet valve body (71), an oil inlet valve cavity (74) is provided inside the oil inlet valve body (71), an oil inlet valve core (72) with a hollow structure for sealing the oil inlet valve cavity (74) is provided inside the oil inlet valve body (71), and an oil inlet (31) communicating with the oil inlet valve body (71) is provided on the valve seat (3). The surface of the oil inlet valve core (72) is provided with a first through hole (73) communicating with the oil inlet valve cavity (74). One end of the oil inlet valve body (71) is fixedly connected to a spring seat (75), and a first elastic element (76) is fixedly connected between the spring seat (75) and the oil inlet valve core (72). The valve seat (3) is provided with an oil inlet passage (33) inside. The two ends of the oil inlet passage (33) are connected to the oil inlet valve assembly (7) and the reversing valve (6) respectively. The upper cylinder body (2) is provided with a return oil passage (25). One end of the return oil passage (25) is connected to the oil inlet passage (33) and the other end is connected to the reversing valve (6).

2. The high-impact hydraulic breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil outlet valve assembly (8) includes an oil outlet valve body (81), an oil outlet valve cavity (84) is provided inside the oil outlet valve body (81), and an oil outlet valve core (82) for sealing the oil outlet valve cavity (84) is connected inside the oil outlet valve body (81); the valve seat (3) is provided with a cavity (36) inside, the cavity (36) is connected to the oil outlet passage (34), and the oil outlet valve body (81) is provided with a second through hole (83), the cavity (36) is connected to the oil outlet valve cavity (84) through the second through hole (83).

3. A high-impact hydraulic breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that, The valve seat (3) is provided with an oil outlet hole (32), and the oil outlet valve body (81) is provided with a third through hole (87). The oil outlet valve cavity (84) is connected to the oil outlet hole (32) through the third through hole (87).

4. A high-impact hydraulic breaker according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the oil outlet valve body (81) is fixedly connected to a sealing seat (85), and a second elastic element (86) is fixedly connected between the oil outlet valve core (82) and the sealing seat (85).

5. A high-impact hydraulic breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower cylinder (1) is fixedly connected with a limiting sleeve (11) and a guide sleeve (10) that cooperate with the steel rod (4).

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