A highly efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of lane optimization, and more particularly to an efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system and method, which comprises a server, a lane Internet of Things gateway, a toll card collection and processing device, a vehicle detection device and a lane display, an electric barrier is arranged in the middle of the lane, a manual toll booth is arranged on the safety island corresponding to the manual lane, a vehicle identifier is installed on the safety island corresponding to the switchable lane through a mobile device, and the vehicle identifier is used for identifying the license plate or ETC of the vehicle entering the lane. The method based on the above system is also disclosed, which optimizes the lane according to the actual toll station vehicle condition, can not only adjust the lane of the station, but also switch the ETC lane to a mixed lane, realizes the flexible and convenient switching of the ETC special lane as needed under special circumstances, solves the instantaneous non-ETC passing demand, and achieves the intelligent expansion without increasing additional lanes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lane optimization technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system and method. Background Technology

[0002] As a key business node and service window on highways, toll stations not only handle toll collection but also bear the crucial function of safety management. Especially with the increasing prevalence of smart toll stations with fewer staff, the demand for corresponding station safety management will inevitably become more prominent. This includes addressing the potential risks posed by the need for smooth vehicle traffic flow in lanes to ensure the safety of on-site traffic assistants; and preventing incidents of non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians trespassing onto the road under reduced staffing conditions. The stable operation of these road sections and the safety of public life and property are paramount.

[0003] Traffic volume increases significantly during peak tourist seasons such as holidays and summer vacations. Although ETC vehicles have high passage efficiency, there are cases where the utilization rate of ETC lanes is insufficient. How to increase the operational flexibility of this type of lane through effective means and realize intelligent expansion in special circumstances is also one of the problems that some road sections have to face. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system and method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system, including a server and a lane Internet of Things gateway communicating with the server. The toll station includes a rain shelter and safety islands arranged side by side under the rain shelter. Adjacent safety islands form several lanes. An electric barrier is installed in the middle of the lane. Vehicle detection devices and lane displays for detecting vehicle conditions on both sides of the toll station are installed on both sides of the rain shelter. Toll card collection and processing devices are installed on both sides of the toll station. The lanes include manual lanes and switchable lanes. A manual toll booth is installed on the safety island corresponding to the manual lane. A vehicle identifier is installed on the safety island corresponding to the switchable lane via a mobile device. The vehicle identifier is used to identify the license plate or ETC of the vehicle entering the lane.

[0006] The system includes a toll card collection and processing device, a vehicle detection device, a lane display, a manual toll booth, and a vehicle recognition device, all connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) for lane-to-lane communication.

[0007] Preferably, the vehicle detection device for detecting vehicle conditions on both sides of the toll station includes a vehicle condition image acquisition unit and a vehicle condition image analyzer. The vehicle condition image acquisition unit is connected to the vehicle condition image analyzer. The vehicle condition image acquisition unit is used to acquire vehicle condition images on both sides of the toll station. The vehicle condition image analyzer preprocesses the acquired vehicle condition images and identifies the number of vehicles in each lane. The vehicle condition image analyzer communicates with the lane Internet of Things (IoT) system.

[0008] Preferably, the access card collection and processing device includes a card reader and a conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes at least one horizontal conveyor and several vertical telescopic conveyors. The vertical telescopic conveyors are arranged opposite to the safety island. The fixed end of the vertical telescopic conveyor is arranged opposite to the horizontal conveyor. The discharge end of the horizontal conveyor is arranged opposite to the card reader. Diffuse reflection sensors are installed on both sides of the vertical telescopic conveyor to detect whether an access card has fallen.

[0009] Preferably, the mobile device includes a mobile module installed on the safety island, the mobile module being provided with a mounting column, and the mounting column being provided with a vehicle detection sensor.

[0010] Preferably, the vehicle recognition device includes a mounting plate, the bottom of which is mounted on the top of the mounting column via a rotary motor. The mounting plate is equipped with a license plate recognition camera, an ETC reader, and an ETC processing terminal. The license plate recognition camera, ETC reader, mobile module, and vehicle detection sensor are all electrically connected to the ETC processing terminal.

[0011] When the ETC reader experiences a toll deduction anomaly, the ETC processing terminal sends a control command to activate the mobile module, which moves the ETC reader to the front of the vehicle and then returns to its initial position for another ETC recognition attempt. If the recognition is successful, the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass. If the recognition fails again, the ETC processing terminal queries the vehicle's entry information based on the license plate data, calculates the toll, and displays the payment code on the ETC processing terminal. After the driver pays the toll, the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass.

[0012] Preferably, safety passage devices are installed on both sides of the safety island. The safety passage devices include a lane image acquisition device, a lane image analyzer, and an alarm. The alarm and the lane image acquisition device are both connected to the lane image analyzer. The lane image acquisition device is used to acquire the current lane image. After receiving the current lane image, the lane image analyzer performs preprocessing to analyze whether there are pedestrians or non-motorized vehicles. When there are pedestrians or non-motorized vehicles, the alarm is triggered. The lane image analyzer communicates with the lane Internet of Things (IoT) and the alarm data is sent to the terminal of the station management personnel through the server.

[0013] Preferably, a mobile height restriction device is installed on the lane. The mobile height restriction device includes a guide rail and a mobile base installed on the guide rail. Two lifting columns are installed on the two mobile bases. The two lifting columns are connected by a telescopic tube. The mobile bases communicate with the lane Internet of Things.

[0014] Based on the above-mentioned method for a high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system, the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] Step S1: Detect the vehicle condition on both sides of the toll station using a vehicle detection device;

[0016] Step S2: Obtain lane optimization strategies based on the traffic conditions on both sides of the toll station;

[0017] Step S3: Switch between entry and exit lanes and switch between lane types according to the lane optimization strategy.

[0018] Preferably, step S1 is as follows:

[0019] Step S11: The vehicle condition image acquisition device acquires vehicle condition images on both sides of the toll station;

[0020] Step S12: The vehicle condition image analyzer preprocesses the acquired vehicle condition images, including noise reduction, deblurring, and color correction.

[0021] Step S13: Identify vehicle targets in the image using a target detection algorithm and mark the positions of the vehicle targets. Calculate the proportion of the vehicle projection area corresponding to each lane to the total road area, and calculate the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the inbound side and the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the outbound side.

[0022] In step S2, the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient is calculated by comparing the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the inbound side with the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the outbound side. The formula for calculating the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient is as follows:

[0023] α=η·|φ 进 -φ 出 |

[0024] Where α is the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient, η is the conversion coefficient, and φ 进 and φ 出 These represent the total vehicle lane occupancy rate on the inbound side and the total vehicle lane occupancy rate on the outbound side, respectively.

[0025] The number of lane switching operations for entering and exiting the station is calculated based on the in-and-out imbalance coefficient, using the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] Where n1 is the number of lane changes for entering and exiting, and c1 is the first fixed coefficient;

[0028] The number of lane type switching requirements is calculated based on the proportion of the vehicle's projected area to the total road area for each lane. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] Where n2 is the number of lane type switches, c2 is the second fixed coefficient, and φ 人工 and φ ETCThe road ratios are the total proportion of manual lanes and the total proportion of switchable lanes, respectively. The road ratios of each switchable lane are sorted from smallest to largest, and the first n2 switchable lanes are switched from ETC lanes to mixed lanes.

[0031] Lane optimization strategies include the number of lane changes for entry and exit, the number of lane type changes, and the location of lane type changes.

[0032] Preferably, in step S3, the lane switching process is as follows:

[0033] The corresponding lane's rotary motor rotates 180°, switching the orientation of the license plate recognition camera, ETC reader, and ETC processing terminal, and the lane display shows the corresponding switching direction.

[0034] The lane type switching process is as follows:

[0035] The lane display switches the lane type accordingly, changing from an ETC lane to a mixed lane. The vertical telescopic conveyor of the corresponding lane extends, and the driver places the communication card on the vertical telescopic conveyor. The vertical telescopic conveyor and the horizontal conveyor start, transporting the communication card to the card reader for reading driving data and calculating fees. When the vehicle passes through the license plate recognition camera, the license plate is recognized, and the ETC processing terminal displays the payment code. After the driver pays the fee, the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass. For vehicles with ETC, the ETC reader recognizes and deducts the fee when passing through the ETC reader, and the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass after the fee is deducted.

[0036] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system and method, which has the following beneficial effects: lane optimization is performed according to the actual vehicle conditions of the toll station. It can not only adjust the lanes for entering and exiting the station, but also switch the ETC lane to a mixed lane. This enables the ETC lane to be flexibly and conveniently switched on demand in special circumstances, solves the instantaneous non-ETC passage demand, and achieves intelligent expansion without adding extra lanes.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the safety island arrangement structure in a high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the toll station structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the safety island structure corresponding to the switchable lanes of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the vehicle identifier structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0043] Figure Labels

[0044] 1. Rain shelter; 2. Safety island; 3. Electric barrier; 4. Vehicle detection device; 5. Lane display; 6. Toll card collection and processing device; 61. Card reader; 62. Horizontal conveyor; 63. Vertical telescopic conveyor; 7. Manual toll booth; 8. Mobile device; 81. Mobile module; 82. Mounting column; 83. Vehicle detection sensor; 9. Vehicle recognizer; 91. Mounting plate; 92. Rotary motor; 93. License plate recognition camera; 94. ETC recognizer; 95. ETC processing terminal; 10. Server; 11. Lane IoT gateway; 12. Safe passage device; 121. Lane image acquisition device; 122. Lane image analyzer; 123. Alarm; 13. Mobile height restriction device; 131. Guide rail; 132. Mobile base; 133. Lifting column; 134. Telescopic tube. Detailed Implementation

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0047] like Figures 1-2As shown, a high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system includes a server 10 and a lane IoT gateway 11 communicating with the server 10. The toll station includes a rain shelter 1 and safety islands 2 arranged side-by-side below the rain shelter 1. Adjacent safety islands 2 form several lanes, and electric barriers 3 are installed in the middle of each lane. Vehicle detection devices 4 and lane displays 5 are installed on both sides of the rain shelter 1 to detect vehicle conditions on both sides of the toll station. The lane displays 5 show the lane type (ETC, manual, or mixed) and whether passage is permitted (indicated by √ and ×). A manual toll booth 7 (equipped with toll collection equipment, license plate recognition equipment, and displays, etc.) is installed on the safety island 2 corresponding to the manual lanes. Figure 3 As shown, a vehicle identifier 9 is installed on the safety island 2 corresponding to the switchable lane via a mobile device 8. The vehicle identifier 9 is used to identify the license plate or ETC of the vehicle entering the lane. The vehicle detection device 4, lane display 5, manual toll booth 7, and vehicle identifier 9 are connected in a unified lane Internet of Things (IoT) gateway 11.

[0048] The vehicle detection device 4 is used to detect the vehicle conditions on both sides of the toll station to facilitate subsequent lane optimization. The vehicle detection device 4 includes a vehicle condition image acquisition unit and a vehicle condition image analyzer. The vehicle condition image acquisition unit is connected to the vehicle condition image analyzer. The vehicle condition image acquisition unit is used to collect vehicle condition images on both sides of the toll station. The vehicle condition image analyzer preprocesses the collected vehicle condition images and identifies the number of vehicles in each lane. The vehicle condition image analyzer communicates with the lane Internet of Things gateway 11.

[0049] The lanes include manual lanes and switchable lanes (which can be switched from ETC to mixed lanes). To enable the ETC lanes to receive communication cards and perform payment operations after switching, toll card collection and processing devices 6 are installed on both sides of the toll station. Each toll card collection and processing device 6 includes a card reader 61 and a conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes a horizontal conveyor 62 and a vertical telescopic conveyor 63. The number and position of the horizontal conveyors 62 are determined according to the layout of the toll station and the card reader 61. In this embodiment, two symmetrically arranged horizontal conveyors 62 are used, and multiple vertical telescopic conveyors 63 are arranged opposite to the safety island 2. The fixed ends of the vertical telescopic conveyors 63 are connected to the horizontal conveyors. The horizontal conveyor 62 is positioned opposite to the card reader 61. Diffuse reflection sensors are installed on both sides of the vertical telescopic conveyor 63 to detect whether a toll card has fallen. When a toll card is placed on the corresponding vertical telescopic conveyor 63, the corresponding vertical telescopic conveyor 63 starts, and at the same time, the horizontal conveyor 62 opposite to the vertical telescopic conveyor 63 starts, conveying the toll card to the card reader 61 for reading. This eliminates the need to equip each TEC lane with a card reader, greatly reducing system costs. At the same time, multiple toll cards can be received in the same lane. After entering the toll station, payment can be made after recognizing the license plate, greatly improving traffic efficiency.

[0050] In ETC lanes, ETC recognition failures or toll deductions are prone to occur. Therefore, the vehicle reader 9 is designed to be movable. The movable device 8 includes a movable module 81 (using a motor screw or chain mechanism, etc., an existing movable module) installed on the safety island 2. A mounting post 82 is installed on the movable module 81, and a vehicle detection sensor 83 is installed on the mounting post 82. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the vehicle recognition device 9 includes a mounting plate 91. The bottom of the mounting plate 91 is mounted on the top of the mounting column 82 via a rotary motor 92. A license plate recognition camera 93, an ETC reader 94, and an ETC processing terminal 95 are mounted on the mounting plate 91. The license plate recognition camera 93, the ETC reader 94, the mobile module 81, and the vehicle detection sensor 83 are all electrically connected to the ETC processing terminal 95.

[0051] When the ETC reader 94 experiences a toll deduction anomaly, the ETC processing terminal 95 sends a control command to activate the mobile module 81, which moves the ETC reader 94 to the front of the vehicle and then back to its initial position. The ETC reader then performs another ETC recognition (the number of re-recognition attempts can be set according to actual needs). If the recognition is successful, the electric barrier 3 is opened to allow the vehicle to pass. If the recognition fails again, the ETC processing terminal 95 queries the vehicle's entry information based on the license plate data and calculates the toll. The terminal then displays the payment code, and after the driver pays the toll, the electric barrier 3 is opened to allow the vehicle to pass.

[0052] To ensure safety at the toll station, safety island 2 is equipped with safety passage devices 12 on both sides. The safety passage device 12 includes a lane image collector 121, a lane image analyzer 122, and an alarm 123. The alarm 123 and the lane image collector 121 are both connected to the lane image analyzer 122. The lane image collector 121 is used to collect the current lane image. After receiving the current lane image, the lane image analyzer 122 performs preprocessing to analyze whether there are pedestrians or non-motorized vehicles. When there are pedestrians or non-motorized vehicles, the alarm 123 will sound an alarm. The lane image analyzer 122 communicates with the lane Internet of Things gateway 11. The alarm data is sent to the terminal of the station management personnel through the server 10.

[0053] A movable height restriction device 13 is installed on the lane. The movable height restriction device 13 includes a guide rail 131 and a movable base 132 installed on the guide rail 131. Two movable bases 132 are equipped with lifting columns 133 (the height restriction can be adjusted according to the actual situation). The two lifting columns 133 are connected by a telescopic tube 134. The movable base 132 communicates with the lane Internet of Things gateway 11. The movable base 132 moves to the corresponding end according to the communication direction of the lane. The movable base 132 is equipped with a motor to drive the walking and lifting. The motor driving the walking and lifting is a conventional setting and will not be described in detail here.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the specific steps of the method based on the above-mentioned efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system are as follows:

[0055] Step S1: Use vehicle detection device 4 to detect the vehicle condition on both sides of the toll station.

[0056] The specific steps of step S1 are as follows:

[0057] Step S11: The vehicle condition image acquisition device acquires vehicle condition images on both sides of the toll station;

[0058] Step S12: The vehicle condition image analyzer preprocesses the acquired vehicle condition images, including noise reduction, deblurring, and color correction.

[0059] Step S13: Identify vehicle targets in the image using a target detection algorithm and mark the positions of the vehicle targets. Calculate the proportion of the vehicle projection area to the total road area for each lane, and calculate the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the inbound side and the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the outbound side.

[0060] Step S2: Obtain lane optimization strategies based on the traffic conditions on both sides of the toll station.

[0061] In step S2, the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient is calculated by comparing the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the inbound side with the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the outbound side. The formula for calculating the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient is as follows:

[0062] α=η·|φ 进 -φ 出 |

[0063] Where α is the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient, η is the conversion coefficient, and φ 进 and φ 出 These represent the total vehicle lane occupancy rate on the inbound side and the total vehicle lane occupancy rate on the outbound side, respectively.

[0064] The number of lane switching operations for entering and exiting the station is calculated based on the in-and-out imbalance coefficient, using the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] Where n1 is the number of lane changes for entering and exiting, and c1 is the first fixed coefficient;

[0067] The number of lane type switching requirements is calculated based on the proportion of the vehicle's projected area to the total road area for each lane. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] Where n2 is the number of lane type switches, c2 is the second fixed coefficient, and φ 人工 and φ ETCThe road ratios are the total proportion of manual lanes and the total proportion of switchable lanes, respectively. The road ratios of each switchable lane are sorted from smallest to largest, and the first n2 switchable lanes are switched from ETC lanes to mixed lanes.

[0070] Lane optimization strategies include the number of lane changes for entry and exit, the number of lane type changes, and the location of lane type changes.

[0071] Step S3: Perform lane switching and lane type switching according to the lane optimization strategy. In step S3, the lane switching process is as follows:

[0072] The corresponding lane's rotary motor 92 rotates 180°, switching the orientation of the license plate recognition camera 93, ETC reader 94, and ETC processing terminal 95, and the lane display 5 displays the corresponding switching direction.

[0073] The lane type switching process is as follows:

[0074] The lane display 5 switches the lane type from ETC lane to mixed lane. The vertical telescopic conveyor 63 of the corresponding lane extends. The driver places the communication card on the vertical telescopic conveyor 63. The vertical telescopic conveyor 63 and the horizontal conveyor 62 start, conveying the communication card to the card reader 61 for reading driving data and calculating fees. When the vehicle passes the license plate recognition camera 93, the license plate is recognized. The ETC processing terminal 95 displays the payment code. After the driver pays the fee, the electric barrier 3 opens to allow the vehicle to pass. Vehicles with ETC are identified and charged when passing through the ETC reader. After the fee is deducted, the electric barrier 3 opens to allow the vehicle to pass.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system, comprising a server and a lane IoT gateway communicating with the server, a toll station comprising a rain shelter and safety islands arranged side-by-side under the rain shelter, adjacent safety islands forming several lanes, and an electric barrier installed in the middle of the lane, characterized in that: Vehicle detection devices and lane displays are installed on both sides of the rain shelter to monitor the condition of vehicles on both sides of the toll station. Toll card collection and processing devices are installed on both sides of the toll station. The lanes include manual lanes and switchable lanes. Manual toll booths are installed on the safety islands corresponding to the manual lanes. Vehicle recognition devices are installed on the safety islands corresponding to the switchable lanes via mobile devices. The vehicle recognition devices are used to identify the license plates or ETC of vehicles entering the lane. The vehicle recognition device includes a mounting plate, which is mounted on the top of the mounting column via a rotating motor. The mounting plate is equipped with a license plate recognition camera, an ETC reader, and an ETC processing terminal. The system includes a toll card collection and processing device, a vehicle detection device, a lane display, a manual toll booth, and a vehicle recognition device, all connected to the Internet of Things (IoT) for unified lane communication. The vehicle detection device is used to detect the vehicle condition on both sides of the toll station. It includes a vehicle condition image acquisition unit and a vehicle condition image analyzer. The vehicle condition image acquisition unit is connected to the vehicle condition image analyzer. The vehicle condition image acquisition unit is used to collect vehicle condition images on both sides of the toll station. The vehicle condition image analyzer preprocesses the collected vehicle condition images and identifies the number of vehicles in each lane. The vehicle condition image analyzer communicates with the lane Internet of Things. The access card collection and processing device includes a card reader and a conveying mechanism. The conveying mechanism includes at least one horizontal conveyor and several vertical telescopic conveyors. The vertical telescopic conveyors are arranged opposite to the safety island. The fixed end of the vertical telescopic conveyor is arranged opposite to the horizontal conveyor. The discharge end of the horizontal conveyor is arranged opposite to the card reader. Diffuse reflection sensors are installed on both sides of the vertical telescopic conveyor to detect whether an access card has fallen.

2. The efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile device includes a mobile module installed on the safety island, with a mounting column on the mobile module and a vehicle detection sensor installed on the mounting column.

3. The efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The license plate recognition camera, ETC reader, mobile module, and vehicle detection sensor are all electrically connected to the ETC processing terminal. When the ETC reader experiences a toll deduction anomaly, the ETC processing terminal sends a control command to activate the mobile module, which moves the ETC reader to the front of the vehicle and then returns to its initial position for another ETC recognition attempt. If the recognition is successful, the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass. If the recognition fails again, the ETC processing terminal queries the vehicle's entry information based on the license plate data, calculates the toll, and displays the payment code on the ETC processing terminal. After the driver pays the toll, the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass.

4. The efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Safety islands are equipped with safety passage devices on both sides. These devices include lane image acquisition units, lane image analyzers, and alarms. Both the alarms and lane image acquisition units are connected to the lane image analyzers. The lane image acquisition units collect images of the current lane. The lane image analyzers receive the current lane images and perform preprocessing to analyze whether there are pedestrians or non-motorized vehicles. When pedestrians or non-motorized vehicles are present, the alarm is triggered. The lane image analyzers communicate with the lane Internet of Things (IoT) system, and the alarm data is sent to the terminal of the station management personnel via a server.

5. The efficient and safe dynamic lane optimization system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mobile height restriction device is installed on the lane. The mobile height restriction device includes a guide rail and a mobile base on the guide rail. Two lifting columns are installed on the two mobile bases. The two lifting columns are connected by a telescopic tube. The mobile base communicates with the lane Internet of Things.

6. A method for a high-efficiency and safe dynamic lane optimization system based on claim 5, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: Detect the vehicle condition on both sides of the toll station using a vehicle detection device; Step S2: Obtain lane optimization strategies based on the traffic conditions on both sides of the toll station; Step S3: Switch between entry and exit lanes and switch between lane types according to the lane optimization strategy.

7. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific steps of step S1 are as follows: Step S11: The vehicle condition image acquisition device acquires vehicle condition images on both sides of the toll station; Step S12: The vehicle condition image analyzer preprocesses the acquired vehicle condition images, including noise reduction, deblurring, and color correction. Step S13: Identify vehicle targets in the image using a target detection algorithm and mark the positions of the vehicle targets. Calculate the proportion of the vehicle projection area corresponding to each lane to the total road area, and calculate the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the inbound side and the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the outbound side. In step S2, the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient is calculated by comparing the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the inbound side with the total vehicle lane occupancy ratio on the outbound side. The formula for calculating the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient is as follows: in, This is the inbound / outbound imbalance coefficient. For conversion factors, and These represent the total vehicle lane occupancy rate on the inbound side and the total vehicle lane occupancy rate on the outbound side, respectively. The number of lane switching operations for entering and exiting the station is calculated based on the in-and-out imbalance coefficient, using the following formula: in, The number of lane changes for entering and exiting. This is the first fixed coefficient; The number of lane type switching requirements is calculated based on the proportion of the vehicle's projected area to the total road area for each lane. The calculation formula is as follows: in, Number of lane type switches As the second fixed coefficient, and The data includes the total proportion of manual lanes and the total proportion of switchable lanes, respectively. The switchable lanes are then sorted from smallest to largest proportion. One switchable lane can be switched from an ETC lane to a mixed lane; Lane optimization strategies include the number of lane changes for entry and exit, the number of lane type changes, and the location of lane type changes.

8. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S3, the lane switching process is as follows: The corresponding lane's rotary motor rotates 180°, switching the orientation of the license plate recognition camera, ETC reader, and ETC processing terminal, and the lane display shows the corresponding switching direction. The lane type switching process is as follows: The lane display switches the lane type accordingly, changing from an ETC lane to a mixed lane. The vertical telescopic conveyor of the corresponding lane extends, and the driver places the communication card on the vertical telescopic conveyor. The vertical telescopic conveyor and the horizontal conveyor start, transporting the communication card to the card reader for reading driving data and calculating fees. When the vehicle passes through the license plate recognition camera, the license plate is recognized, and the ETC processing terminal displays the payment code. After the driver pays the fee, the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass. For vehicles with ETC, the ETC reader recognizes and deducts the fee when passing through the ETC reader, and the electric barrier opens to allow the vehicle to pass after the fee is deducted.

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