A seedling transplanting ditching device used in forestry engineering

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of seedling transplanting equipment, and discloses a seedling transplanting ditching device used in forestry engineering, which comprises a connecting machine box, a traction connecting seat and a universal coupling for being connected with a traction device are respectively arranged on one end of the connecting machine box, a driving machine box is arranged on the side of the connecting machine box away from the traction connecting seat, and a surface layer ditching mechanism is arranged on the front side of the driving machine box and used for removing the plant root system of the surface layer of the desertification soil to be ditched and processing the shallow ditch. By increasing and arranging the surface layer ditching mechanism, before the seedling transplanting ditching treatment is performed on the forestry improvement area, the mechanism can directly shovel off the weeds on the surface layer of the desertification soil through the front shovel plate, and the triangular soil cutting seat is used to cut off the residual plant root system of the bottom layer of the soil, so that the weeds are prevented from winding the equipment components in the subsequent ditching process or competing with the seedlings for water and nutrients after the seedlings are planted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seedling transplanting equipment technology, specifically a seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Desertified soils are widely distributed in arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest my country, as well as along river alluvial zones. These soils, long influenced by arid climate, wind erosion, and hydrological conditions, have developed unique physical characteristics that hinder ecological restoration: a loose overall structure, lack of natural cohesion, extremely weak inter-particle binding, and high porosity, making it difficult for the soil to maintain a stable form and effectively retain water and nutrients. In promoting ecological improvement and forestry development in this region, transplanting seedlings has become a core implementation method to rapidly increase green coverage and build basic ecological barriers. This involves artificially planting seedlings to gradually construct a vegetation system to improve the ecological foundation of desertified land, representing a current primary approach that balances efficiency and effectiveness.

[0003] Trenching is an essential step in seedling transplantation, aiming to provide suitable planting space for the seedling roots and ensure a foundation for subsequent growth. However, the characteristics of sandy soil pose significant challenges to this step, directly hindering transplantation success. Firstly, the stability of trenches in sandy soil is extremely poor: due to insufficient soil particle binding capacity, the trench walls are prone to collapse under gravity. This not only disrupts the intended trench depth and width, preventing seedlings from being planted at the standard depth, but also further disrupts the soil structure in the work area, increasing rework frequency and severely slowing down the transplanting progress. On the other hand, the water and fertilizer retention capacity of the sandy soil after trenching is almost nonexistent: the already high porosity of the soil weakens its water retention capacity, and the increased contact area between the soil and air after trenching significantly accelerates the rate of water evaporation. Simultaneously, the loose soil structure cannot absorb and retain nutrients, and even small amounts of rainfall or irrigation water directly carry nutrients away through rapid infiltration, making it difficult for the roots of transplanted seedlings to obtain a continuous supply of water and nutrients. This ultimately results in a low survival rate of seedlings, greatly impacting the overall effectiveness of ecological improvement and forestry development in sandy areas. Therefore, those skilled in the art have proposed a seedling transplanting trenching device for use in forestry engineering to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a seedling transplanting trenching device for use in forestry engineering, which solves the problem of sandy soil easily collapsing during the seedling transplanting trenching process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering, comprising,

[0006] The connecting housing has a traction connection seat and a universal coupling for connecting to the traction equipment in the middle part of one end of the connecting housing;

[0007] A drive housing is located on the bottom side of the connecting housing away from the traction connecting seat, and a running warning light is located in the middle of the top of the connecting housing.

[0008] The surface trenching mechanism, located at the front of the drive unit, is used to remove the root system of surface plants in the sandy soil to be trenched and to perform shallow trenching operations.

[0009] The rotary soil trenching mechanism is mounted on the drive unit and is used to perform deep trenching on the sandy soil after the surface trenching mechanism has been treated and the location after the shallow trenching has been treated.

[0010] The trench wall support mechanism is located at the rear of the drive unit and is used to support the trench walls of the sandy soil deep trench after the rotary soil trenching mechanism has opened the trench.

[0011] The water-retaining and fertilization mechanism, located at the rear of the drive unit, is used to retain moisture and increase fertility at the bottom of the sandy soil deep trench after the rotary soil trenching mechanism has been used.

[0012] Preferably, the surface trenching mechanism includes a front end box, which is fixedly connected to the top of the front end of the drive housing. A front shovel plate for removing weeds from the surface of the sandy soil is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end box. Multiple triangular soil-opening seats for breaking up soil clumps and residual plant roots on the surface of the sandy soil are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the front shovel plate.

[0013] Preferably, the surface trenching mechanism further includes a set of walking wheels. The set of walking wheels is provided in the front middle part of the front end box. A rotating roller is rotatably connected to the front middle inner side of the front end box. Both ends of the rotating roller pass through the front end box and are connected to the middle of the set of walking wheels. Multiple sets of separating rods are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating roller. An inclined toothed plate for separating plant roots or weeds on the separating rods is fixedly connected to the middle of one side of the inner wall of the front end box. An opening is provided in the middle of the front end of the front end box. Inclined baffles are fixedly connected to the middle of both sides of the front end of the front end box. A shallow trenching base is fixedly connected to the rear middle bottom of the front end box.

[0014] Preferably, the rotary trenching mechanism includes a turntable base, and the turntable base is provided at the front center of the drive housing. The center of the turntable base is connected to the power output end of the drive housing through a drive connecting seat. The turntable base has a plurality of arc-shaped trenching seats arranged in a circular array on the front side. Each arc-shaped trenching seat has a cutting edge on the end away from the drive connecting seat.

[0015] Preferably, the rotary soil trenching mechanism further includes a soil leveling seat. Both sides of the top of the drive housing are provided with soil leveling seats, and the top of the soil leveling seats is connected to the corresponding position of the bottom of the connecting housing. The bottom of the soil leveling seats is provided with a leveling part, and the bottom of the connecting housing is provided with two soil-retaining rubber sheets.

[0016] Preferably, the trench wall support mechanism includes mounting plates, and mounting plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the rear end of the drive housing. A take-up roller is rotatably connected to the adjacent side of the mounting plate near the drive housing. A PLA nonwoven fabric roll is provided on the take-up roller. A discharge guide groove is opened in the middle of the mounting plate.

[0017] Preferably, the trench wall support mechanism further includes biodegradable ring seats. Multiple sets of biodegradable ring seats are equidistantly arranged on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll. A center seat is provided in the middle of each biodegradable ring seat. Multiple connecting ribs connect the inner wall of the biodegradable ring seat to the outer wall of the corresponding center seat.

[0018] Preferably, the trench wall support mechanism further includes a secondary pressure roller. The secondary pressure roller is rotatably connected to the center of the side of the mounting plate away from the drive housing. Multiple sets of protruding columns are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the secondary pressure roller, and the distance between adjacent protruding columns corresponds to the distance between adjacent center seats.

[0019] Preferably, the water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism includes a rear end box, which is located at the bottom rear side of the drive housing. An organic fertilizer chamber is provided inside the rear end box on the side near the drive housing. A feeding door is provided in the middle of one side of the rear end box, and two sets of walking wheels are provided in the middle of both sides of the rear end box.

[0020] Preferably, the water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism further includes inclined discharge chambers. Two inclined discharge chambers are provided on the side of the rear end box away from the drive housing. A synchronous discharge roller is provided in the middle of the organic fertilizer chamber. Both ends of the synchronous discharge roller pass through the rear end box and are connected to the middle of the second walking wheel set. Multiple discharge grooves are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the synchronous discharge roller. A trapezoidal soil inlet chamber is provided in the lower middle part of the front side of the flat soil seat. The ends of the two trapezoidal soil inlet chambers are connected to the interior of the corresponding inclined discharge chamber through connecting pipes.

[0021] This invention provides a seedling transplanting trenching device for use in forestry engineering. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This invention, by adding and setting a surface trenching mechanism, allows the mechanism to directly remove weeds from the surface of sandy soil before trenching for seedling transplantation in forestry improvement areas. The front shovel plate then cuts off residual plant roots in the bottom layer of soil, preventing weed roots from entangled in equipment components during subsequent trenching or competing with seedlings for water and nutrients after planting. Secondly, the shallow trenching base can pre-dig shallow trenches in the treated soil, guiding the deep trenching excavation of the rotary trenching mechanism and reducing trench wall collapse caused by loose sand during deep excavation. Simultaneously, the soil generated from shallow trench excavation is directed to both sides for piling, preventing soil accumulation from hindering equipment movement and ensuring the continuity of trenching operations.

[0023] 2. By adding and setting a rotary soil-digging mechanism, this invention enables the precise excavation of deep trenches that meet the planting needs of seedlings when digging trenches for seedling transplantation in forestry improvement areas. This mechanism not only uses a turntable to drive the arc-shaped soil-digging seat to rotate, but also combines the cutting action of the cutting edge on the sandy soil to effectively overcome the loose characteristics of sandy soil and ensure the stability of the depth and width of the deep trenches. Moreover, during the excavation process, the soil-retaining film can block the loose soil thrown out by the arc-shaped soil-digging seat to both sides of the trench, preventing the loose soil from falling directly back to the bottom of the trench and damaging the trench. Then, the leveling part of the soil-leveling seat compacts the loose soil on both sides, preventing the loose soil from flowing back into the trench due to wind or slight vibration, thus providing a clean and stable trench environment for subsequent trench wall support and water retention and fertilization operations.

[0024] 3. By adding and setting up a trench wall support mechanism, this invention, when performing trenching for seedling transplantation in forestry improvement areas, has two main functions. First, after deep trench excavation, the mechanism releases PLA non-woven fabric to cover the trench wall via a winding roller. Simultaneously, the rotating pressure roller compacts the trench wall, reducing soil shedding and ensuring the non-woven fabric adheres tightly to the trench wall to form a basic support, mitigating the risk of collapse caused by weak cohesion in sandy soil. Second, the protruding columns on the pressure roller squeeze the biodegradable ring seat on the non-woven fabric, causing the cage-like structure formed by the central seat and connecting ribs to insert into the trench wall soil, firmly fixing the non-woven fabric to the trench wall. This forms a dual support of "surface coverage + point anchoring," and the biodegradable material degrades naturally after the seedlings recover, without placing an additional burden on the sandy soil ecosystem.

[0025] 4. By adding and setting up a water-retaining and fertilizing mechanism, this invention can not only collect excess loose soil from both sides of the deep trench during the trenching process for seedling transplantation in forestry improvement areas through a trapezoidal soil inlet chamber, but also transport it to the bottom of the trench through an inclined discharge chamber, realizing the secondary utilization of loose soil and avoiding the waste of sandy soil resources. At the same time, organic fertilizer is mixed with loose soil and laid at the bottom of the trench to provide the nutrients needed for the initial growth of seedling roots, solving the problem of insufficient fertility in sandy soil. Moreover, the upper inclined discharge chamber will cover the surface of the fertilizer and loose soil mixture with loose soil, forming a protective layer, reducing the contact area between the wet soil at the bottom of the trench and the air, reducing the rate of water evaporation, and ensuring sufficient soil moisture around the roots when the seedlings are planted, laying the foundation for the survival of the seedlings. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the front box of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the front box of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the turntable base of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the flat earth support of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the mounting plate of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the PLA nonwoven fabric roll of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the rear end box of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a partial structural diagram of the synchronous discharge roller of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the shallow trench and deep trench structures of the present invention.

[0037] The components include: 1. Drive housing; 2. Turntable base; 3. Arc-shaped cutting base; 4. Cutting edge; 5. Triangular cutting base; 6. Front shovel plate; 7. Traveling wheel set one; 8. Inclined baffle; 9. Soil-retaining rubber sheet; 10. Inclined toothed plate; 11. Running warning light; 12. Front end box; 13. Traction connection seat; 14. Universal coupling; 15. Connecting housing; 16. Flat base; 17. Mounting plate; 18. Rewinding roller; 19. Discharge guide slot; 20. 21. Compact roller; 22. Walking wheel set 2; 23. Inclined discharge chamber; 24. Rear end box; 25. PLA nonwoven fabric roll; 26. Protruding column; 27. Opening; 28. Rotating roller; 29. ​​Separating rod; 30. Drive connecting seat; 31. Leveling part; 32. Trapezoidal soil inlet chamber; 33. Biodegradable ring seat; 34. Connecting rib; 35. Center seat; 36. Organic fertilizer chamber; 37. Synchronous discharge roller; 38. Discharge trough; 39. Shallow trench opening seat. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 2 This invention provides a seedling transplanting trenching device for use in forestry engineering, including a connecting housing 15. A traction connecting seat 13 and a universal coupling 14 for connecting to a traction device are respectively provided in the middle of one end of the connecting housing 15. A drive housing 1 is provided on the bottom side of the connecting housing 15 away from the traction connecting seat 13. An operation warning light 11 is provided in the middle of the top of the connecting housing 15.

[0040] For sandy and saline-alkali soils, the core characteristics are a loose overall structure, lack of natural aggregation, and weak inter-particle cohesion, making them prone to collapse after trenching. Therefore, when dealing with this type of soil, the traction device must be perpendicular to the main unit. This traction method allows the unit to simultaneously create multiple protective structures of shallow and deep trenches during operation. Through layered reinforcement, it effectively avoids problems such as sidewall collapse and trench deformation caused by the loose structure of sandy and saline-alkali soils, ensuring sufficient space for subsequent seedling transplanting.

[0041] In areas with normal or high soil fertility, the soil structure is relatively compact and cohesive, exhibiting strong resistance to collapse. In this case, the traction device and the main unit can be kept in a straight line, allowing the traction equipment to directly drive the unit in trenching and planting operations. Thanks to the inherent stability of the soil, this direct traction trenching method prevents trench collapse and improves operational efficiency.

[0042] It is worth noting that this device connects to the traction end of tractors and other traction equipment via a dedicated connecting mechanism such as a coupling. During the traction connection process, operators can precisely set and adjust the trenching angle of the device. Regardless of whether vertical or linear traction mode is used, the device maintains stable operation throughout the entire operation without tilting or shifting, which could affect the quality of the work.

[0043] Please see the appendix Figure 3 - Appendix Figure 4 The surface trenching mechanism is located at the front of the drive housing 1 and is used to remove the surface plant roots of the sandy soil to be trenched and to treat the shallow trench.

[0044] The surface trenching mechanism includes a front box 12. The front box 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the front end of the drive housing 1. A front shovel plate 6 for removing weeds from the surface of the sandy soil is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front side of the front box 12. Multiple triangular soil-opening seats 5 for breaking up soil clumps and residual plant roots on the surface of the sandy soil are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the front shovel plate 6.

[0045] When the surface trenching mechanism is started, as the equipment is pulled by the traction device, the plants and weeds on the surface of the sandy soil are first removed by the front shovel plate 6 on the front box 12. The removed plants and weeds are diverted and guided to the two sides of the front box 12 by the inclined baffle 8 on the front box 12. At the same time as the front shovel plate 6 moves, the triangular soil-opening seat 5 at its bottom also moves. While moving, the triangular soil-opening seat 5 cuts off the remaining plant roots at the bottom of the surface of the sandy soil and simultaneously breaks up the clumps of soil on the surface of the sandy soil.

[0046] The surface trenching mechanism also includes a set of walking wheels 7. The front part of the front box 12 is provided with the set of walking wheels 7. The front part of the inner side of the front box 12 is rotatably connected to a rotating roller 27. Both ends of the rotating roller 27 pass through the front box 12 and are connected to the middle of the set of walking wheels 7. Multiple sets of separating rods 28 are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating roller 27. An inclined toothed plate 10 for separating plant roots or weeds on the separating rods 28 is fixedly connected to the middle of one side of the inner wall of the front box 12. An opening 26 is opened in the middle of the front end of the front box 12. Inclined baffles 8 are fixedly connected to the middle of both sides of the front end of the front box 12. A shallow trenching seat 38 is fixedly connected to the middle and rear of the bottom of the front box 12.

[0047] While the front box 12 is moved by the overall equipment, the walking wheel sets 7 on both sides of the front box 12 also rotate synchronously due to the friction of the sandy soil surface. As the walking wheel sets 7 rotate, they simultaneously drive the rotating roller 27 and the separating rod 28 inside the front box 12 to rotate synchronously. As the separating rod 28 rotates, it picks up and separates the plant roots remaining at the bottom of the broken sandy soil surface. When the separated plant roots rotate to the position of the inclined tooth plate 10, the inclined tooth plate 10 separates the plant roots picked up and separated by the separating rod 28. Then the separated plant roots are discharged through the opening 26 on the front box 12. Furthermore, the obstruction and guidance on both sides of the front of the inclined baffle 8 can prevent the plant removed and separated by the front shovel 6 from entering the front box 12 and mixing with the plant roots picked up and separated by the separating rod 28, thus preventing the front box 12 from becoming blocked.

[0048] At the same time, as the front box 12 moves, under the influence of its front triangular soil-opening base 5, the shallow trench soil-opening base 38 at the bottom of the front box 12 opens a shallow trench on the surface of the sandy soil after the surface has been broken up. At the same time, the soil opened from the trench is guided to the sides of the shallow trench for piling through the two inclined surfaces on the shallow trench soil-opening base 38. This avoids problems such as trench wall collapse caused by excavating a deep trench at once later. In this way, the trenching of the surface shallow trench of the sandy soil and the treatment of surface soil plants and roots are completed.

[0049] Please see the appendix Figure 5 - Appendix Figure 6 The rotary soil trenching mechanism is mounted on the drive housing 1 and is used to perform deep trenching on the sandy soil after the surface trenching mechanism has been treated and the location after the shallow trenching has been treated.

[0050] The rotary trenching mechanism includes a turntable base 2. The turntable base 2 is located at the front center of the drive housing 1. The center of the turntable base 2 is connected to the power output end of the drive housing 1 through the drive connecting seat 29. The front circumferential array of the turntable base 2 has multiple arc-shaped trenching seats 3. Each arc-shaped trenching seat 3 has a cutting edge 4 on the end away from the drive connecting seat 29.

[0051] When the rotary soil trenching mechanism is started, after the surface trenching mechanism digs a shallow trench on the surface of the sandy soil, as the traction equipment drives the entire equipment to move continuously, the drive equipment in the drive housing 1 drives the drive connecting seat 29 and the turntable seat 2 on it to rotate synchronously. While the turntable seat 2 is rotating, it drives the arc-shaped soil-digging seat 3 on it to rotate synchronously. While rotating, the cutting edge 4 on the arc-shaped soil-digging seat 3 continues to dig deeper at the original shallow trench position, thereby forming a deep trench for seedling transplanting.

[0052] The rotary soil trenching mechanism also includes a soil leveling seat 16. Both sides of the top of the drive housing 1 are provided with soil leveling seats 16, and the top of the soil leveling seats 16 is connected to the corresponding position of the bottom of the connecting housing 15. The bottom of the soil leveling seats 16 is provided with a leveling part 30, and the bottom of the connecting housing 15 is provided with two soil retaining films 9.

[0053] While the ditch is being excavated by rotating the soil using the arc-shaped soil-opening base 3, the entire equipment is moved synchronously by the traction device. During the rotation of the arc-shaped soil-opening base 3, the loose soil generated during the deep trench excavation is thrown out and blocked by the soil-retaining rubber plate 9 at the bottom of the connecting machine box 15, causing the loose soil to pile up on both sides of the trench. Then, as the entire equipment continues to move, the loose soil piled up on both sides of the trench is leveled and compacted by the leveling part 30 at the bottom of the leveling base 16, thereby preventing the loose soil on both sides of the trench from flowing to the bottom of the trench and causing an impact, thus completing the trenching treatment of the deep trench.

[0054] Please see the appendix Figure 7 - Appendix Figure 8 The trench wall support mechanism is located on the rear side of the drive housing 1 and is used to support the trench wall of the sandy soil deep trench after the ditching treatment by the rotary soil ditching mechanism.

[0055] The trench wall support mechanism includes a mounting plate 17. Mounting plates 17 are fixedly connected to both sides of the rear end of the drive housing 1. A take-up roller 18 is rotatably connected to the adjacent side of the mounting plate 17 near the drive housing 1. PLA nonwoven fabric rolls 24 are provided on the take-up rollers 18. A discharge guide groove 19 is opened in the middle of the mounting plate 17.

[0056] When the trench wall support mechanism is started, after the rotary trenching mechanism excavates the deep trench and treats the loose soil on both sides of the trench, as the overall equipment moves continuously, the PLA non-woven fabric roll 24 on the take-up roller 18 is also discharged synchronously through the discharge guide slot 19 on the mounting plate 17. At the same time as the overall equipment moves, the pressure roller 20 on the mounting plate 17 also rotates against the trench wall. While rotating, the pressure roller 20 can compact the loose soil and loose soil on the trench wall.

[0057] The trench wall support mechanism also includes biodegradable ring seats 32. Multiple sets of biodegradable ring seats 32 are equidistantly arranged on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24. A center seat 34 is provided in the middle of each biodegradable ring seat 32. Multiple connecting ribs 33 connect the inner wall of the biodegradable ring seat 32 to the outer wall of the corresponding center seat 34. The trench wall support mechanism also includes a secondary pressure roller 20. A secondary pressure roller 20 is rotatably connected to the middle of the side of the mounting plate 17 away from the drive housing 1. Multiple sets of protruding columns 25 are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the secondary pressure roller 20, and the spacing between adjacent protruding columns 25 corresponds to the spacing between adjacent center seats 34.

[0058] On the other hand, during the rotation of the pressure roller 20, the protruding column 25 on it squeezes the center seat 34 on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24, thereby causing the center seat 34 on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24 to insert into the interior of the trench wall soil. At the same time as the center seat 34 is inserted into the interior of the trench wall soil, it simultaneously drives the connecting ribs 33 on it to deform. Thus, the cage-like structure formed by the deformed connecting ribs 33 and the center seat 34 is inserted into the interior of the trench wall soil, fixing the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24 covering the trench wall. This forms a double support and fixation on the trench wall of the deep trench, thereby preventing the trench wall from collapsing before subsequent use, thus completing the double support and fixation treatment of the trench wall.

[0059] Please see the appendix Figure 9 - Appendix Figure 10 The water-retaining and fertilization mechanism is located at the rear of the drive housing 1 and is used to retain moisture and increase fertility at the bottom of the sandy soil deep trench after the rotary soil trenching mechanism has been processed.

[0060] The water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism includes a rear end box 23. The rear end box 23 is located at the bottom rear side of the drive housing 1. An organic fertilizer chamber 35 is opened inside the rear end box 23 on the side near the drive housing 1. A feeding door is located in the middle of one side of the rear end box 23. Two sets of walking wheels 21 are located in the middle of both sides of the rear end box 23.

[0061] When the water-retaining and fertilizing mechanism is started, as the overall equipment is moved by the traction equipment, the leveling base 16 also moves synchronously and levels and compacts the loose soil on both sides of the deep trench. At the same time, the excess loose soil on both sides of the deep trench is guided into the interior of the leveling base 16 through the front inclined surface and the trapezoidal soil inlet cavity 31. Then, the loose soil that enters the trapezoidal soil inlet cavity 31 is transported into the two inclined discharge cavities 22 of the rear box 23 through the connecting pipe.

[0062] The water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism also includes an inclined discharge chamber 22. Two inclined discharge chambers 22 are provided on the side of the rear end box 23 away from the drive box 1. A synchronous discharge roller 36 is provided in the middle of the organic fertilizer chamber 35. Both ends of the synchronous discharge roller 36 pass through the rear end box 23 and are connected to the middle of the second walking wheel set 21. Multiple discharge grooves 37 are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the synchronous discharge roller 36. A trapezoidal soil inlet chamber 31 is provided in the lower middle part of the front side of the flat soil seat 16. The ends of the two trapezoidal soil inlet chambers 31 are connected to the interior of the corresponding inclined discharge chamber 22 through connecting pipes.

[0063] Simultaneously, as the rear end box 23 is pulled and moves, the second set of walking wheels 21 on both sides of the rear end box 23 rubs against the soil at the bottom of the deep ditch, causing it to rotate synchronously. As the second set of walking wheels 21 rotates, it drives the synchronous discharge roller 36 in the organic fertilizer chamber 35 to rotate synchronously. As the synchronous discharge roller 36 rotates, it causes the discharge trough 37, which was originally located in the organic fertilizer chamber 35 and filled with organic fertilizer, to rotate into the lower inclined discharge chamber 22. As it continues to rotate, the organic fertilizer in the discharge trough 37 is evenly mixed with the loose soil in the lower inclined discharge chamber 22 and then discharged to the bottom of the deep ditch, thereby initially covering and fertilizing the wet soil that has just been excavated at the bottom of the deep ditch.

[0064] Meanwhile, the loose soil in another trapezoidal soil inlet 31 is transported through a connecting pipe into the upper inclined discharge 22. After entering the inclined discharge 22, the loose soil is dispersed by the diffusion effect of the cavity. The dispersed loose soil then covers the surface of the loose soil and organic fertilizer mixture discharged into the lower inclined discharge 22, thereby covering the bottom of the deep trench again, preventing the loss of moisture in the wet soil at the bottom of the trench, and ensuring sufficient moisture in the soil around the seedling roots. This completes the covering, water retention and fertilization treatment of the deep trench for seedling transplanting.

[0065] Please see the appendix Figure 11 In the trenching work for transplanting seedlings in sandy soil, the primary advantage of first digging shallow trenches and then digging deeper trenches based on those shallow trenches is that it significantly improves the stability of the trench body and avoids the collapse problem caused by the loose structure of sandy soil. Sandy soil particles have weak cohesion; if a deep trench is dug directly all at once, the sand on the trench wall is prone to rapid detachment under gravity. This not only makes it difficult to form a regular trench body that meets the needs of seedling planting, but also further disrupts the soil structure and increases rework costs.

[0066] By first creating a shallow trench using the shallow trenching base 38, the surface sand can be "pre-shaped". The trench walls can provide initial support for subsequent deep trench excavation, reducing the pressure of sand squeezing into the trench during deep excavation. At the same time, during the shallow trench excavation process, the front shovel plate 6 removes surface weeds and the triangular trenching base 5 cuts off residual roots, which can prevent weed roots from entangled in subsequent deep trench excavation components or forming "weak points" in the deep trench walls, further ensuring the integrity of the trench body after deep trench excavation.

[0067] On the other hand, the method of first creating shallow trenches and then deep trenches can also facilitate subsequent processes and create better conditions for seedling planting. The shallow trenches can serve as a "guiding benchmark" for deep trench excavation, allowing the arc-shaped soil-digging seat 3 of the rotary soil-digging mechanism to accurately dig along the shallow trench trajectory, ensuring that the depth and width of the deep trenches are uniform and consistent, avoiding trench deviation caused by the lack of a fixed reference in sandy soil. Moreover, when the shallow trenches are excavated, the surface sand will be directed to both sides for piling. The loose soil generated during the subsequent deep trench excavation can be combined with the sand on both sides of the shallow trenches, and then uniformly leveled and compacted by the leveling seat 16, reducing the impact of random soil piling on the trench environment.

[0068] In addition, the regular transition from shallow to deep trenches allows the PLA non-woven fabric of the trench wall support structure to fit the trench wall more closely, and also facilitates the precise delivery of fertilizer and loose soil to the bottom of the trench by the water retention and fertilization mechanism. This avoids uneven water retention and fertilization caused by irregular trench shape, provides a stable water and nutrient environment for the seedling roots, and helps the seedlings survive after transplanting.

[0069] Working principle: When carrying out forestry ecological improvement and development work in desertified soil areas, the staff first prepares for trenching. The staff first determines the area and location where the seedlings need to be transplanted. Then, the staff moves the equipment to the location where trenching is needed using a traction device. After that, the staff manually digs the trench at the location. The position and height of the trenching device on the traction device are adjusted according to the seedling transplantation situation. After the trenching depth is determined, the staff passes the end part of the PLA non-woven fabric roll 24 on the take-up roller 18 through the discharge guide slot 19 on the mounting plate 17 and pulls it to the starting position of the trench wall. The end part of the PLA non-woven fabric roll 24 is fixed by burying soil. Then, the staff adds organic fertilizer into the organic fertilizer chamber 35 in the rear box 23 through the feeding door, thus completing the preparation work before trenching.After preparation, the traction equipment connects to the equipment via the traction connecting seat 13 and universal coupling 14 on the drive housing 1. The traction equipment then moves synchronously with the equipment. During this movement, the surface ditching mechanism is activated. As the equipment is pulled by the traction equipment, the front shovel 6 on the front housing 12 removes vegetation and weeds from the surface of the sandy soil. The removed vegetation and weeds are then diverted and guided to the front housing 12 by the inclined baffle 8. At both sides, and simultaneously with the movement of the front shovel 6, the triangular soil-opening base 5 at its bottom also moves synchronously. While moving, the triangular soil-opening base 5 cuts off the remaining plant roots at the bottom of the sandy soil surface and simultaneously breaks up the clumps of soil on the surface of the sandy soil. As the front box 12 moves under the traction of the entire equipment, the traveling wheel sets 7 on both sides of the front box 12 also rotate synchronously due to friction with the sandy soil surface. Simultaneously, the rotating wheel sets 7 drive the rotating roller 27 inside the front box 12 and the separating rod 28 on it to rotate synchronously. As the separating rod 28 rotates, it picks up and separates the remaining plant roots at the bottom of the broken sandy soil surface. When the separated plant roots rotate to the position of the inclined toothed plate 10, the inclined toothed plate 10 separates the plant roots picked up by the separating rod 28 from the soil. The separated plant roots are then discharged through the opening 26 on the front box 12. Furthermore, the obstruction and guidance on both sides of the front end of the inclined baffle 8 prevent the plant roots removed by the front shovel 6 from entering the front box 12 and interacting with the separated roots picked up by the separating rod 28. The plant roots that have been separated are mixed and used to block the inside of the front box 12. At the same time, as the front box 12 moves, it is affected by the triangular soil-opening seat 5 at the front end. The shallow trench soil-opening seat 38 at the bottom of the front box 12 opens a shallow trench on the surface of the sandy soil after the surface has been broken up. At the same time, the soil that has been opened up is guided to the sides of the shallow trench through the two inclined surfaces on the shallow trench soil-opening seat 38 and piled up. This avoids problems such as trench wall collapse caused by excavating a deep trench at once. This completes the trenching of the surface shallow trench of the sandy soil and the treatment of surface soil plants and roots.Then the rotary soil-digging mechanism is activated. After the surface ditching mechanism creates a shallow trench on the surface of the sandy soil, the traction device drives the entire equipment to move continuously. The drive unit inside the drive housing 1 drives the drive connecting seat 29 and the turntable seat 2 on it to rotate synchronously. As the turntable seat 2 rotates, it drives the arc-shaped soil-digging seat 3 on it to rotate synchronously. The cutting edge 4 on the arc-shaped soil-digging seat 3 continues to dig deeper in the original shallow trench position, thus forming a deep trench for seedling transplanting. While the rotary soil-digging is being carried out by the arc-shaped soil-digging seat 3, the entire equipment... Driven synchronously by a traction device, the arc-shaped soil-opening base 3 rotates, throwing out the loose soil generated during deep trench excavation. The soil is then blocked by the retaining plate 9 at the bottom of the connecting housing 15, causing the loose soil to accumulate on both sides of the trench. As the entire equipment moves, the loose soil accumulated on both sides of the trench is leveled and compacted by the leveling part 30 at the bottom of the leveling base 16, thus preventing the loose soil on both sides of the trench from flowing to the bottom and causing problems. This completes the trenching process. Simultaneously, the trench wall support mechanism is activated, and the rotary soil-opening mechanism excavates the deep trench. After the loose soil on both sides of the ditch is treated, as the overall equipment moves, the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24 on the take-up roller 18 is also discharged synchronously through the discharge guide slot 19 on the mounting plate 17. Simultaneously with the movement of the overall equipment, the pressure roller 20 on the mounting plate 17 also rotates against the ditch wall. While rotating, the pressure roller 20 compacts the loose soil on the ditch wall, and at the same time, the protruding columns 25 on the pressure roller 20 press the center seat 34 on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24. This allows the center seat 34 on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24 to be inserted into the soil of the trench wall. Simultaneously, the center seat 34 causes the connecting ribs 33 on it to deform, thereby forming a cage-like structure composed of the deformed connecting ribs 33 and the center seat 34. This fixes the PLA nonwoven fabric roll 24 covering the trench wall, forming a double support and fixation on the trench wall of the deep trench, thus preventing the trench wall from collapsing before subsequent use. This completes the double support and fixation treatment of the trench wall.Afterwards, the water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism is activated. As the entire equipment is moved by the traction equipment, the leveling base 16 also moves synchronously, leveling and compacting the loose soil on both sides of the deep trench. Simultaneously, excess loose soil on both sides of the deep trench is guided into the interior of the leveling base 16 through the front inclined surface and the trapezoidal inlet cavity 31. The loose soil inside the trapezoidal inlet cavity 31 is then conveyed through the connecting pipe into the two inclined discharge cavities 22 of the rear end box 23. Simultaneously, as the rear end box 23 is moved by traction, the second set of traveling wheels 21 on both sides of the rear end box 23 rubs against the soil at the bottom of the deep trench, causing it to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the second set of traveling wheels 21 drives the synchronous discharge roller 36 in the organic fertilizer cavity 35 to rotate synchronously. As the synchronous discharge roller 36 rotates, the discharge trough 37, originally located in the organic fertilizer cavity 35 and filled with organic fertilizer, rotates to the lower inclined discharge cavity 22. With its continuous rotation, the organic fertilizer in the discharge trough 37... After the fertilizer is evenly mixed with loose soil in the lower inclined discharge chamber 22, it is discharged to the bottom of the deep trench, thus initially covering and fertilizing the freshly excavated wet soil at the bottom of the trench. Simultaneously, loose soil in another trapezoidal soil inlet chamber 31 is transported through a connecting pipe into the upper inclined discharge chamber 22. After entering the inclined discharge chamber 22, the loose soil is dispersed by the diffusion effect of the chamber, and then covers the surface of the loose soil and organic fertilizer mixture discharged from the lower inclined discharge chamber 22, thus covering the bottom of the deep trench again to prevent the loss of moisture from the wet soil at the bottom of the trench and ensure sufficient moisture in the soil around the seedling roots. This completes the covering, water retention, and fertilization treatment of the deep trench for seedling transplanting. After the trench is dug, the workers can move the seedlings to be transplanted, and then place the roots of the transplanted seedlings in the deep trench using mechanical equipment or other auxiliary equipment. Finally, the loose soil on both sides of the trench is backfilled and covered.

[0070] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering, characterized in that, include, A connecting housing (15) is provided at one end of the middle part of the connecting housing (15) for connecting with the traction equipment, and a traction connecting seat (13) and a universal coupling (14). A drive housing (1) is provided on the side of the bottom of the connecting housing (15) away from the traction connecting seat (13), and a running warning light (11) is provided in the middle of the top of the connecting housing (15). The surface trenching mechanism is located on the front side of the drive housing (1) and is used to remove the surface plant roots of the sandy soil to be trenched and to perform shallow trenching operations. Rotary soil trenching mechanism, which is set on the drive housing (1), is used to perform deep trenching on the sandy soil after the surface trenching mechanism and the location after the shallow trenching. The trench wall support mechanism is located on the rear side of the drive housing (1) and is used to support the trench wall of the sandy soil deep trench after the ditching treatment by the rotary soil ditching mechanism. The trench wall support mechanism includes a mounting plate (17). Mounting plates (17) are fixedly connected to both sides of the rear end of the drive housing (1). A take-up roller (18) is rotatably connected to the adjacent side of the mounting plate (17) near the drive housing (1). A PLA nonwoven fabric roll (24) is provided on the take-up roller (18). A discharge guide slot (19) is opened in the middle of the mounting plate (17). The trench wall support mechanism also includes a biodegradable ring seat (32). Multiple sets of biodegradable ring seats (32) are equidistantly arranged on the PLA nonwoven fabric roll (24). A center seat (34) is provided in the middle of each biodegradable ring seat (32). Multiple connecting ribs (33) connect the inner wall of the biodegradable ring seat (32) to the outer wall of the corresponding center seat (34). The trench wall support mechanism also includes a secondary pressure roller (20). The mounting plate (17) is rotatably connected to the middle of the side away from the drive housing (1). Multiple sets of protruding columns (25) are equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the secondary pressure roller (20), and the distance between adjacent protruding columns (25) corresponds to the distance between adjacent center seats (34). The water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism is located on the rear side of the drive housing (1) and is used to retain moisture and enhance fertilizer at the bottom of the sandy soil deep trench after the rotary soil trenching mechanism has been processed.

2. The seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface trenching mechanism includes a front end box (12), which is fixedly connected to the top of the front end of the drive housing (1). A front shovel plate (6) for removing weeds from the surface of the sandy soil is fixedly connected to the bottom of the front end box (12). Multiple triangular soil-opening seats (5) for breaking up soil clumps and residual plant roots on the surface of the sandy soil are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the front shovel plate (6).

3. A seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface trenching mechanism also includes a first set of walking wheels (7). The first set of walking wheels (7) is provided in the middle front part of the front end box (12). A rotating roller (27) is rotatably connected to the middle front part of the inner side of the front end box (12). Both ends of the rotating roller (27) pass through the front end box (12) and are connected to the middle part of the first set of walking wheels (7). Multiple sets of separating rods (28) are fixedly connected at equal intervals on the outer wall of the rotating roller (27). An inclined toothed plate (10) for separating plant roots or weeds on the separating rods (28) is fixedly connected to the middle part of one side of the inner wall of the front end box (12). An opening (26) is opened in the middle part of the front end of the front end box (12). Inclined baffles (8) are fixedly connected to the middle parts of both sides of the front end of the front end box (12). A shallow trenching base (38) is fixedly connected to the middle rear part of the bottom of the front end box (12).

4. A seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary soil trenching mechanism includes a turntable seat (2). The turntable seat (2) is provided at the front center of the drive housing (1). The middle part of the turntable seat (2) is connected to the power output end of the drive housing (1) through the drive connecting seat (29). The turntable seat (2) has a plurality of arc-shaped soil-opening seats (3) arranged in a circular array on the front side. Each arc-shaped soil-opening seat (3) is provided with a cutting edge (4) at the end away from the drive connecting seat (29).

5. A seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotary soil trenching mechanism also includes a leveling seat (16). The top of both sides of the drive housing (1) is provided with a leveling seat (16), and the top of the leveling seat (16) is connected to the bottom of the connecting housing (15) at the corresponding position. The bottom of the leveling seat (16) is provided with a leveling part (30), and the bottom of the connecting housing (15) is provided with two soil retaining films (9).

6. A seedling transplanting trenching device used in forestry engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism includes a rear end box (23). The rear end box (23) is provided at the bottom of the rear side of the drive housing (1). An organic fertilizer chamber (35) is opened on the side of the rear end box (23) near the drive housing (1). A feeding door is provided in the middle of one side of the rear end box (23). Two sets of walking wheels (21) are provided in the middle of both sides of the rear end box (23).

7. A seedling transplanting trenching device for forestry engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water-retaining and fertilizer-enhancing mechanism also includes an inclined discharge chamber (22). Two inclined discharge chambers (22) are provided on the side of the rear end box (23) away from the drive box (1). A synchronous discharge roller (36) is provided in the middle of the organic fertilizer chamber (35). The two ends of the synchronous discharge roller (36) pass through the rear end box (23) and are connected to the middle of the second walking wheel group (21). Multiple discharge grooves (37) are arranged in a circular array on the outer wall of the synchronous discharge roller (36). A trapezoidal soil inlet chamber (31) is provided in the lower middle part of the front side of the flat soil seat (16). The ends of the two trapezoidal soil inlet chambers (31) are connected to the interior of the corresponding inclined discharge chamber (22) through connecting pipes.

Images