Gravity hammer type pressing structure and tool equipment

Abstract

The gravity hammer type pressing structure comprises a pressing mechanism arranged on a tool plate, the pressing mechanism comprises a pressing arm movably connected to a support, the two ends of the pressing arm are the driving end and the pressure applying end respectively, the driving end is connected with a driving part, and the driving part can drive the pressing arm to swing; a to-be-machined part is positioned and mounted on the tool plate, and a to-be-pressed structural surface opposite to the pressure applying end is arranged on the to-be-machined part; an interference structural surface is arranged on one side of the to-be-pressed structural surface, and the swing track of the pressure applying end is adjacent to the interference structural surface; the lower part of the pressure applying end is movably connected with a pressure head, and the pressure head can rotate relative to the pressing arm; in the process that the pressing end swings to the to-be-pressed structural surface, the pressing head rotates under the action of gravity and keeps a plumb bob state, and the vertical projection of the pressing head falls into the vertical projection of the pressing arm, so that the pressing head can avoid the interference structural surface in the process that the pressing head swings along with the pressing end. The pressing mechanism is not prone to generating movement interference with the to-be-machined part.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of part pressing, in particular to a gravity hammer type pressing structure and tooling equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] When designing and manufacturing a four-axis machining center tooling of a large volume end cover type part, in view of the limited workbench space of the ordinary four-axis machining center, when considering to minimize the structure size of the tooling as much as possible, the movement track of the falling and lifting of the pressing arm of the lever type oil cylinder is ignored, causing the pressing mechanism of the tooling to interfere with the machined part during the machine adjustment process. The movement interference between the pressing mechanism and the machined part is shown in the accompanying drawings. Figure 2

[0003] The cost of re-designing and manufacturing the tooling is relatively high, and the delay of delivery period will also have a very bad impact on the reputation of the enterprise. Therefore, the first choice is to improve the existing tooling to avoid the movement track of the pressing arm from interfering with the machined part.

[0004] One way is to change the lever type oil cylinder to an angle type oil cylinder, and another way is to move the position of the existing lever type oil cylinder. However, the difficulty of the above two improvement methods is that the bottom plate of the hydraulic tooling is an oil way plate with two layers of vertically and horizontally intersecting deep oil way holes. No matter which method, the position of the oil inlet and outlet of the oil cylinder will change, and it is necessary to re-drill the mounting hole of the oil cylinder on the oil way plate, and to avoid the existing oil way to re-process the oil way hole. The cycle of modifying the drawing and improving the processing is equivalent to re-manufacturing the tooling, so other solutions need to be sought. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a gravity hammer type pressing structure and tooling equipment, which can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art. The pressing head is movably connected below the pressing arm, and the pressing head can rotate relative to the pressing arm and maintain the plumb state. During the process of the pressing arm pressing the machined part, the pressing head is not easy to interfere with the movement of the machined part.

[0006] ​Technical solution: To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, a gravity hammer type pressing structure of the present application comprises a pressing mechanism arranged on a tool plate, the pressing mechanism comprising a pressing arm movably connected to a support, both ends of the pressing arm being a driving end and a pressing end respectively, the driving end being connected to a driving member, the driving member being capable of driving the pressing arm to swing; the tool plate is positioned and mounted with a part to be processed, the part to be processed has a structure surface to be pressed opposite to the pressing end; one side of the structure surface to be pressed has an interference structure surface, the swing track of the pressing end is adjacent to the interference structure surface; a pressing head is movably connected below the pressing end, the pressing head is rotatable relative to the pressing arm; in the process of the pressing end swinging towards the structure surface to be pressed, the pressing head rotates under the action of gravity and keeps a plumb state, the vertical projection of the pressing head falls within the vertical projection of the pressing arm, so that the pressing head can avoid the interference structure surface in the process of swinging with the pressing end.

[0007] Further, the pressing arm is flexibly connected with the pressing head through a telescopic assembly, under the telescopic action of the telescopic assembly, the pressing arm and the pressing head can contact or separate from each other; the telescopic assembly has a repulsive structure member, under the repulsive force of the repulsive structure member, the pressing arm and the pressing head keep a state of being separated from each other; when the pressing arm and the pressing head are separated from each other, the pressing arm only transmits the downward pressing force to the pressing head through the telescopic assembly until the telescopic assembly restores to the natural elongation state; in the process of the pressing end swinging towards the structure surface to be pressed, when the bottom of the pressing head is supported, the pressing arm can continue to swing against the repulsive force of the repulsive structure member, so that the pressing end approaches to contact the pressing head, and the force transmission path between the pressing arm and the pressing head is changed.

[0008] Further, the telescopic assembly comprises an elastic telescopic body, the elastic telescopic body being the repulsive structure member; both ends of the elastic telescopic body are connected to the pressing arm and the pressing head respectively, at least one end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably connected to the pressing head or at least one end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably connected to the pressing arm.

[0009] Further, the pressing head comprises a handle part above and a hammer head part below; the pressing end is provided with a clamping groove, the clamping groove limits the handle part, so that the handle part is always located in the swing plane of the pressing arm.

[0010] Further, the lower end surface of the pressing end is opposite to the stepped surface on the hammer head part; when the pressing end presses the hammer head part on the structure surface to be pressed, the lower end surface of the pressing end and the stepped surface on the hammer head part are tightly attached to each other in the form of a horizontal plane.

[0011] Further, a rotating shaft is arranged in the clamping groove, one end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably connected to the handle part.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting handle is provided with a waist-shaped hole and a spring hole, and the rotating shaft passes through the waist-shaped hole and can move within the waist-shaped hole; a connecting shaft is provided at the top of the waist-shaped hole, and the elastic telescopic body is inserted from the spring hole at the top and located in the waist-shaped hole, with the upper end of the elastic telescopic body rotatingly engaged with the connecting shaft and the lower end of the elastic telescopic body rotatingly engaged with the rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic telescopic body is a tension spring, and a fixing ring is provided at both the upper and lower ends of the tension spring. The fixing ring at the upper end of the tension spring is rotatably engaged with the connecting shaft, and the fixing ring at the lower end of the tension spring is rotatably engaged with the rotating shaft.

[0014] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism also includes a hydraulic cylinder and a connecting plate. The tooling plate has an oil passage hole for supplying oil to the hydraulic cylinder. The driving component is the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the driving end of the clamping arm. The support is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder, and the lower end of the connecting plate is hinged to the support. The upper end of the connecting plate is rotatably connected to the middle part of the clamping arm.

[0015] Furthermore, a tooling device has a gravity hammer clamping structure on its tooling plate.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The gravity hammer type clamping structure and tooling equipment of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) A pressure head is movably connected below the pressure arm, and the pressure head can rotate relative to the pressure arm; during the process of the pressure arm pressing against the workpiece to be processed, the pressure head remains in a plumb state under the action of gravity, and the vertical projection of the pressure head falls within the vertical projection of the pressure arm, thereby avoiding motion interference between the pressure head and the workpiece to be processed.

[0018] 2) The pressure head and the clamping arm are flexibly connected by a tension spring, allowing the lower end face of the clamping arm and the stepped surface of the pressure head to move closer or further apart. When these two surfaces move away from each other, the pressure head can rotate relative to the clamping arm, thus keeping the pressure head in a plumb position. When these two surfaces are in contact with each other, they can transmit force, changing the force transmission path between the clamping arm and the pressure head, and preventing the pressure head from pressing on the workpiece in a tilted position, which would lead to clamping failure. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Appendix Figure 1 A top view of the existing tooling and equipment;

[0020] Appendix Figure 2 This is a front view of the existing tooling and equipment;

[0021] Appendix Figure 3 This is a top view of the improved tooling equipment;

[0022] Appendix Figure 4 This is a front view of the improved tooling equipment.

[0023] Appendix Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the pressure head pressing against the workpiece in a tilted position.

[0025] Appendix Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure head structure. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] As attached Figures 1 to 7 The gravity hammer type clamping structure and tooling equipment includes a clamping mechanism 2 set on the tooling plate 1. The clamping mechanism 2 includes a clamping arm 4 movably connected to the support 3. The two ends of the clamping arm 4 are a driving end 5 and a pressure end 6, respectively. The driving end 5 is connected to a driving component, which can drive the clamping arm 4 to swing.

[0028] The part 7 to be processed is positioned and mounted on the tooling plate 1, and the tooling plate 1 has a positioning mechanism for positioning the part to be processed. (See attached...) Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the tooling plate 1 has connecting plates at both ends that connect to the four-axis rotary table, and a positioning mechanism and a clamping mechanism 2 are located in the middle of the tooling plate 1. The positioning mechanism includes four cylindrical leveling blocks, a pin mounting plate with a positioning pin on its top surface, and a diamond pin mounting plate with a diamond pin on its top surface. The part 7 to be processed completes six-point positioning on the tooling by contacting the leveling blocks, the pins, and the diamond pins, thereby restricting the degrees of freedom of the part 7 to be processed.

[0029] The part to be processed 7 has a pressure-bearing structural surface 8 opposite to the pressure-applying end 6. One side of the pressure-bearing structural surface 8 has an interference structural surface 9, and the swing trajectory of the pressure-applying end 6 is adjacent to the interference structural surface 9. (See attached...) Figure 2 and 4 As shown in the diagram, the surface to be compressed, 8, is a horizontal plane, and the interference surface, 9, is a vertical plane. (See attached diagram.) Figure 2 In the middle, the pressure head 10 is fixedly connected to the pressure end 6. Therefore, during the rotation of the pressure arm 4, the pressure head 10 will cause motion interference with the interference structure surface 9, resulting in the pressure head 10 being unable to press down onto the structure surface 8 to be pressed.

[0030] In the appendix Figure 4The lower end of the pressing end 6 is movably connected with a pressure head 10, which can rotate relative to the pressing arm 4. The pressure head 10 is a heavy block. During the swinging of the pressing end 6 towards the structure surface 8 to be pressed, the pressure head 10 will rotate under the action of gravity, so that the pressure head 10 keeps a plumb state. In addition, the vertical projection of the pressure head 10 also falls within the vertical projection of the pressing arm 4. Since the interference structure surface 9 is a vertical surface, if the pressing arm 4 does not interfere with the interference structure surface 9 during the swinging, the pressure head 10 will not interfere with the interference structure surface 9 either. Therefore, the pressure head 10 can swing with the pressing end 6 and avoid the interference structure surface 9.

[0031] The pressing arm 4 is flexibly connected with the pressure head 10 through a telescopic assembly. The telescopic assembly can be telescoped to change the distance between the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10. Under the telescoping action of the telescopic assembly, the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10 can contact or separate from each other.

[0032] There is a repulsive structural member in the telescopic assembly, which can generate a repulsive force between the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10. Under the action of the repulsive force of the repulsive structural member, the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10 keep a state of mutual separation. When the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10 are separated from each other, since the pressing arm 4 is flexibly connected with the pressure head 10 through the telescopic assembly at this time, but not rigidly connected, the pressing arm 4 only transmits a downward pressing force to the pressure head 10 through the telescopic assembly at this time, until the telescopic assembly returns to the natural elongated state, the pressing arm 4 transmits an upward supporting force to the pressure head 10 through the telescopic assembly, and the supporting force balances with the gravity of the pressure head 10.

[0033] Due to the presence of the telescopic assembly, the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10 can approach or separate from each other. Therefore, during the swinging of the pressing end 6 towards the structure surface 8 to be pressed, when the pressure head 10 is suspended, the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10 are in a state of mutual separation under the action of the repulsive force of the repulsive structural member; when the bottom of the pressure head 10 is supported, the pressing arm 4 can overcome the repulsive force of the repulsive structural member to continue to swing, so that the pressing end 6 approaches the pressure head 10, until the pressing end 6 contacts the pressure head 10. When the pressing end 6 contacts the pressure head 10, the pressing arm 4 can transmit the force to the pressure head 10 through direct contact, so as to change the force transmission path between the pressing arm 4 and the pressure head 10. Figure 6 As shown in the drawings, during the pressing of the pressure head 10, the pressure head 10 may be pressed on the structure surface 8 to be processed in a tilted posture, resulting in pressing failure. In the present application, due to the presence of the repulsive structural member, the force transmission path changes during the pressing, so that the pressure head 10 can be pressed flat on the workpiece 7.

[0034] The elastic telescopic body is connected with the pressing arm 4 and the pressing head 10 at two ends, the pressing arm 4 is flexibly connected with the pressing head 10 through the elastic telescopic body, and the pressing head 10 is separated from the pressing arm 4 under the elastic force of the elastic telescopic body. At least one end of the elastic telescopic body is rotationally connected with the pressing head 10 or at least one end of the elastic telescopic body is rotationally connected with the pressing arm 4, that is, there are three cases, one is that the elastic telescopic body is rotationally connected with the pressing head 10 only, two is that the elastic telescopic body is rotationally connected with the pressing arm 4 only, and three is that the two ends of the elastic telescopic body are rotationally connected with the pressing head 10 and the pressing arm 4 respectively. In the three cases, the pressing head 10 can rotate relative to the pressing arm 4.

[0035] In another embodiment, the repulsive mechanism can be a magnetic structure, and the repulsive mechanism generates a repulsive force between the pressing head 10 and the pressing arm 4 through the principle of same direction repulsion of the magnetic structure, so that the pressing arm 4 and the pressing head 10 are kept separated from each other.

[0036] The pressing head 10 includes an upper handle part 11 and a lower hammer head part 12. The pressing end 6 is provided with a clamping groove 13, the inner wall surfaces on both sides of the clamping groove 13 are vertical surfaces, the handle part 11 extends into the clamping groove 13, and the clamping groove 13 limits the handle part 11, so that the handle part 11 is always located in the swing plane of the pressing arm 4. There is a gap between the clamping groove 13 and the handle part 11, and the handle part 11 can move in the clamping groove 13 while being limited by the clamping groove 13. Since the pressing head 10 is flexibly connected with the pressing arm 4 through the elastic telescopic body, if the clamping groove 13 is not limited, the pressing head 10 is difficult to keep in a vertical state, and the pressing head 10 is easy to tilt or even overturn.

[0037] The lower end surface of the pressing end 6 is opposite to the stepped surface on the hammer head part 12, and the lower end surface of the pressing end 6, the stepped surface and the bottom of the hammer head part 12, and the structure surface to be pressed 8 are all flat surfaces. When the pressing end 6 presses the hammer head part 12 against the structure surface to be pressed 8, the lower end surface of the pressing end 6 and the stepped surface on the hammer head part 12 are tightly attached to each other in the form of a horizontal plane, so that the pressing mechanism 2 can better press the workpiece 7 to be processed.

[0038] The clamping groove 13 is provided with a rotating shaft 14. Specifically, the pressing end 6 of the pressing arm 4 is provided with two ear plates, the clamping groove 13 is formed between the two ear plates, coaxial through holes are formed in the two ear plates, the rotating shaft 14 is a shaft pin, the rotating shaft 14 passes through the two through holes, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 14 are limited and fixed by spring sheets, so that the rotating shaft 14 cannot be separated from the through holes. One end of the elastic telescopic body is rotationally connected with the rotating shaft 14, and the other end of the elastic telescopic body is rotationally connected with the handle part 11, so that the pressing head 10 can rotate relative to the pressing arm 4.

[0039] The connecting handle part 11 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 15 and a spring hole 24, the rotating shaft 14 is inserted into the waist-shaped hole 15 and can move in the waist-shaped hole 15. The top end of the waist-shaped hole 15 is provided with a connecting shaft 16, the elastic expansion body is installed from the spring hole 24 at the top end and located in the waist-shaped hole 15, the upper end of the elastic expansion body is rotationally matched with the connecting shaft 16, and the lower end of the elastic expansion body is rotationally matched with the rotating shaft 14.

[0040] Specifically, as shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 7 the elastic expansion body is a tension spring 17, the upper and lower ends of the tension spring 17 are respectively provided with fixed rings 18, the fixed ring 18 at the upper end of the tension spring 17 is rotationally matched with the connecting shaft 16, and the fixed ring 18 at the lower end of the tension spring 17 is rotationally matched with the rotating shaft 14. In addition, the two sides of the connecting handle part 11 are milled flat, the through pin hole 23 and the through waist-shaped hole 15 are formed in the normal direction of the milled flat, the spring hole 24 is formed in the axial direction of the upper end surface of the connecting handle part 11, and the spring hole 24 is communicated with the pin hole 23 and the waist-shaped hole 15. The connecting shaft 16 is a round pin, the connecting shaft 16 is sequentially inserted into the pin hole 23 on the connecting handle part 11 and the fixed ring 18 at the upper end of the tension spring 17, and the connecting shaft 16 is fixedly connected with the pin hole 23 in an interference fit.

[0041] As shown in the accompanying drawings, Figure 5 the pressing mechanism 2 further comprises an oil cylinder 19 and a connecting sheet 20, the tool plate 1 is provided with an oil passage hole 21 for supplying oil to the oil cylinder 19, the driving member is a piston rod 22 of the oil cylinder 19, and the piston rod 22 is rotationally connected with the driving end 5 of the pressing arm 4. The support 3 is arranged on the oil cylinder 19, the lower end of the connecting sheet 20 is hingedly installed on the support 3, and the upper end of the connecting sheet 20 is rotationally connected with the middle part of the pressing arm 4.

[0042] During the process that the pressing mechanism 2 presses the part to be processed 7, the piston rod 22 of the oil cylinder 19 is lifted upward, the pressing end 6 of the pressing arm 4 is pressed downward, the tension spring 17 is in the original state, the axis of the pressing head 10 always keeps plumb under the action of gravity, so that the cylindrical surface and the lower end edge of the pressing head 10 do not contact and interfere with the interference structure surface 9 on the side surface of the part to be processed 7, until the lower end surface of the pressing head 10 abuts against the structure surface to be pressed 8 of the part to be processed 7. Then, the front end of the pressing arm 4 continues to press downward, the connecting handle part 11 of the pressing head 10 starts to move upward in the clamping groove 13 relative to the upper end surface of the pressing arm 4, the tension spring 17 is stretched, until the lower end surface of the pressing end 6 of the pressing arm 4 is in close contact with the stepped surface on the hammer head part 12 of the pressing head 10, thereby completing the pressing action of the part to be processed 7 on the tool.

[0043] During the process of releasing the workpiece 7 by the pressing mechanism 2, the piston rod 22 of the oil cylinder 19 moves downward, the pressing end 6 of the pressing arm 4 is lifted, the stepped surface of the pressing head 10 is separated from the lower end surface of the pressing arm 4 by the pulling force of the tension spring 17, and the pressing head 10 is also lifted upward. Before the pressing head 10 reaches the interference position of the fixed pressing head 10, the tension spring 17 has returned to the original state, the pressing head 10 can rotate freely around the rotating shaft 14, and the axis of the pressing head 10 keeps plumb under the action of gravity, so that the pressing head 10 does not interfere with the finished workpiece until the front end of the pressing arm 4 is completely lifted, and the operator removes the finished workpiece from the tooling.

[0044] The application also provides a tooling device, and the tooling plate 1 of the tooling device is provided with the gravity hammer type pressing structure.

[0045] In the application, if only the movement track of the pressing head 10 can avoid the workpiece 7 during the pressing process, the pressing head 10 and the pressing arm 4 are in rotating cooperation, the pressing head 10 rotates relative to the pressing arm 4, and the pressing head 10 keeps plumb under the action of gravity, so that the movement track of the pressing head 10 can avoid the workpiece 7.

[0046] However, in the application, the pin shaft on the pressing arm 4 is not directly in rotating cooperation with the pressing head 10, but in rotating cooperation with the end of the tension spring 17 in the pressing head 10. Since the tension spring 17 can stretch and contract, the pressing head 10 can rotate relative to the pressing arm 4 and also can ascend and descend relative to the pressing arm 4.

[0047] In addition, during the process of ascending and descending of the pressing head 10 relative to the pressing arm 4, the stepped surface on the pressing head 10 and the lower end surface of the pressing arm 4 can be separated from each other or closely attached to each other. In the case that the stepped surface on the pressing head 10 and the lower end surface of the pressing arm 4 are separated from each other, the pressing arm 4 only transmits the force to the pressing head 10 through the pin shaft, and at this time, the pressing head 10 can rotate relative to the pressing arm 4. In the case that the stepped surface on the pressing head 10 and the lower end surface of the pressing arm 4 are closely attached to each other, the pressing arm 4 can also transmit the force through the two closely attached surfaces. However, since the two surfaces are closely attached to each other, at this time, the pressing head 10 cannot rotate relative to the pressing arm 4. That is to say, during the process of ascending and descending of the pressing head 10 relative to the pressing arm 4, the force transmission path between the pressing head 10 and the pressing arm 4 changes.

[0048] Regarding the change in the force transmission path, it's necessary to reiterate the technical background of this invention. There is motion interference between the workpiece 7 and the clamping mechanism 2, hence the need for modification to allow the movement trajectory of the pressure head 10 to avoid the workpiece 7. After modifying the pressure head 10 to be able to rotate relative to the clamping arm 4, the distance between the pressure head 10 and the workpiece 7 during the downward pressing process is very small. However, the pressure head 10 inevitably experiences slight wobbling during this process. Due to the small distance between the pressure head 10 and the workpiece 7, even slight wobbling could cause the edge of the pressure head 10 to contact the interference structure surface 9 of the workpiece 7. After the pressure head 10 contacts the workpiece 7, due to friction, the pressure head 10 may tilt to the side and press against the workpiece 7 in a tilted posture. That is, attached... Figure 6 In the scenario shown, the two edges of the pressure head 10 abut against the pressure surface 8 and the interference surface 9 of the workpiece 7, respectively. In this case, if the clamping arm 4 and the pressure head 10 are simply rotated together, then the force between the clamping arm 4 and the pressure head 10 is transmitted solely through the pin. Due to the single force transmission path, if the pressure head 10 is on the adjacent surface... Figure 6 As shown, the force balance has been achieved in the tilted posture, so the pressure head 10 will remain in the tilted posture and press on the workpiece 7, and cannot be released on its own.

[0049] However, in this invention, since the pin on the clamping arm 4 is rotatably engaged with the end of the tension spring 17 inside the pressure head 10, even after the pressure head 10 presses against the workpiece 7 in a tilted position and has reached a state of force balance, the clamping arm 4 can still continue to rotate because the tension spring 17 is retractable, until the lower end face of the clamping arm 4 is in close contact with the stepped surface on the hammer head 12 of the pressure head 10. At this time, the clamping arm 4 can transmit force to the pressure head 10 through these two contacting surfaces, thereby breaking the force balance state of the pressure head 10, so that the pressure head 10 can automatically adjust to the lower end face being horizontal and pressing against the pressure surface 8 of the workpiece 7.

[0050] Therefore, when there is an interference structure surface 9 on the workpiece 7 to be processed, the pressure head 10 is not hinged to the clamping arm 4, but is flexibly connected to the clamping arm 4 through a tension spring 17. This allows the lower end face of the clamping arm 4 and the stepped surface of the pressure head 10 to move closer or further away from each other. When these two surfaces move away from each other, the pressure head 10 can rotate relative to the clamping arm 4. When they come into contact, they can transmit force, breaking the original force balance, thereby preventing the pressure head 10 from pressing on the workpiece 7 in a tilted posture.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gravity hammer-type clamping structure, characterized in that: It includes a clamping mechanism (2) set on the tooling plate (1). The clamping mechanism (2) includes a clamping arm (4) movably connected to the support (3). The two ends of the clamping arm (4) are a driving end (5) and a pressure end (6), respectively. The driving end (5) is connected to a driving component, which can drive the clamping arm (4) to swing. The tooling plate (1) is positioned and installed with a part to be processed (7). The part to be processed (7) has a pressure-to-press structural surface (8) opposite to the pressure end (6). There is an interference structural surface (9) on one side of the pressure-to-press structural surface (8), and the swing trajectory of the pressure end (6) is adjacent to the interference structural surface (9). The pressure head (10) is movably connected below the pressure end (6). The pressure head (10) can rotate relative to the pressing arm (4). During the process of the pressure end (6) swinging toward the structure surface (8) to be pressed, the pressure head (10) rotates under the action of gravity and remains in a plumb state. The vertical projection of the pressure head (10) falls within the vertical projection of the pressing arm (4), so that the pressure head (10) can avoid the interference structure surface (9) during the swinging process of the pressure end (6).

2. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping arm (4) is flexibly connected to the pressure head (10) through a telescopic assembly. Under the telescopic action of the telescopic assembly, the clamping arm (4) and the pressure head (10) can come into contact with each other or separate from each other. The telescopic assembly contains a repulsive structural component. Under the repulsive force of the repulsive structural component, the pressing arm (4) and the pressing head (10) remain separated from each other. When the pressing arm (4) and the pressing head (10) are separated from each other, the pressing arm (4) transmits the downward pressing force to the pressing head (10) only through the telescopic assembly until the telescopic assembly returns to its natural elongation state. During the process of the pressure end (6) swinging toward the pressure surface (8), when the bottom of the pressure head (10) is supported, the pressure arm (4) can overcome the repulsive force of the repulsive structural component and continue to swing, so that the pressure end (6) approaches the pressure head (10) and changes the force transmission path between the pressure arm (4) and the pressure head (10).

3. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly includes an elastic telescopic body, which is the repulsive structural component; the two ends of the elastic telescopic body are respectively connected to the pressing arm (4) and the pressing head (10), and at least one end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably engaged with the pressing head (10) or at least one end is rotatably engaged with the pressing arm (4).

4. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure head (10) includes an upper connecting handle (11) and a lower hammer head (12); the pressure end (6) is provided with a clamping groove (13), which limits the connecting handle (11) so that the connecting handle (11) is always located in the swing plane of the pressure arm (4).

5. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end face of the pressure end (6) is opposite to the step surface on the hammer head (12); when the pressure end (6) presses the hammer head (12) onto the surface to be pressed (8), the lower end face of the pressure end (6) and the step surface on the hammer head (12) are in close contact with each other in the form of a horizontal plane.

6. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (14) is provided in the clamping groove (13). One end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably engaged with the rotating shaft (14), and the other end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably engaged with the connecting handle (11).

7. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting handle (11) is provided with a waist-shaped hole (15) and a spring hole (24). The rotating shaft (14) passes through the waist-shaped hole (15) and can move within the waist-shaped hole (15). A connecting shaft (16) is provided at the top of the waist-shaped hole (15). The elastic telescopic body is inserted from the spring hole (24) at the top and located in the waist-shaped hole (15). The upper end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably engaged with the connecting shaft (16), and the lower end of the elastic telescopic body is rotatably engaged with the rotating shaft (14).

8. The gravity hammer clamping structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic telescopic body is a tension spring (17). The upper and lower ends of the tension spring (17) are respectively provided with fixing rings (18). The fixing ring (18) at the upper end of the tension spring (17) is rotatably engaged with the connecting shaft (16), and the fixing ring (18) at the lower end of the tension spring (17) is rotatably engaged with the rotating shaft (14).

9. A gravity hammer-type clamping structure according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (2) also includes a hydraulic cylinder (19) and a connecting piece (20). The tooling plate (1) has an oil passage hole (21) for supplying oil to the hydraulic cylinder (19). The driving component is the piston rod (22) of the hydraulic cylinder (19). The piston rod (22) is rotatably connected to the driving end (5) of the clamping arm (4). The support (3) is set on the hydraulic cylinder (19). The lower end of the connecting piece (20) is hinged to the support (3). The upper end of the connecting piece (20) is rotatably connected to the middle part of the clamping arm (4).

10. A tooling device, characterized in that: The tooling plate (1) of the tooling equipment has a gravity hammer pressing structure as described in claim 2.

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