Multi-stage separation device for drip irrigation tape and mulching film in straw based on winnowing and static electricity

Abstract

In order to solve the problems that in current agricultural production, waste drip irrigation belts, residual mulching films and straw form mixed materials, the waste drip irrigation belts, the residual mulching films and the straw are not prone to being effectively separated, and the separation rate is low, the multi-stage separation device for the drip irrigation belts and the mulching films in the straw based on winnowing and static electricity is disclosed. The drip irrigation belt is discharged from the near discharge port, and the straw and mulching film mixture falls into the inclined conveying belt from the far discharge port. The mixed materials are conveyed to a secondary electrostatic conveying belt with static electricity by the inclined conveying belt, the straws are discharged from the right material distribution bin by utilizing the conductivity difference between the straws and the mulching film, the mulching film is adsorbed on the conveying belt due to static electricity and is discharged from the left material distribution bin after being scraped by a scraper blade, and finally efficient separation of the straws, the mulching film and the right material distribution bin is realized. The device is simple in structure, convenient to use, capable of effectively improving the sorting efficiency and reducing the impurity rate, and suitable for agricultural waste recycling and environment protection scenes.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural waste recycling equipment, and is a device combining air separation and electrostatic separation technology to realize efficient separation of drip irrigation belts, mulching films and straws, and is suitable for recycling residual drip irrigation belts and mulching films after agricultural production and recycling straws. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of modernization of agriculture today, drip irrigation technology and mulching technology are widely used due to their water-saving and yield-increasing advantages, especially in arid and semi-arid areas and economic crop planting. However, after agricultural production, waste drip irrigation belts, residual mulching films and straws form mixed materials, which, if not effectively separated, not only leads to resource waste, but also causes environmental and economic problems. Drip irrigation belts are mostly plastic pipes or pure plastic materials, and have a relatively large density, while straws and mulching films have a relatively small density, and there are significant differences in physical properties, but they are easily entangled with straws, increasing the difficulty of separation. Mulching films are mixed with straws due to their light and thin characteristics and are easily broken, further increasing the complexity of separation of the three. Existing separation technologies mainly include the use of vibrating screens, drum screens or air flow air separation, but all have obvious limitations: 1. Single air separation technology: has a certain effect on the separation of drip irrigation belts and straws, but mulching film fragments and straws have similar densities, and are easily misclassified, resulting in low separation rate. 2. Single electrostatic separation technology: based on the difference in conductive performance between mulching films and straws, mulching films and straws can be separated, but drip irrigation belts are not easily separated. 3. The existing equipment has poor adaptability, the moisture content of straw materials fluctuates greatly, and the types of impurities are complex, which leads to a high impurity rate of recycled mulching films. And in different scenarios, the separation effect is very different. Therefore, at present, a new type of separation device for straws, mulching films and drip irrigation belts is needed to meet the urgent needs of agricultural waste resource utilization and environmental protection. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application proposes a multi-stage separation device for drip irrigation belts and mulching films in straws based on air separation and electrostatic separation, which solves the problems of low separation efficiency and high impurity rate in the prior art.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a multi-stage separation device for drip irrigation belts and mulching films in straws based on air separation and electrostatic separation, comprising:

[0005] a rack (1) for carrying a fan (2), an air guide pipe (3), an inclined conveyor belt (6), an electrostatic conveyor belt (7), a material separation device (8), an air inlet (10), a conveyor belt guide roller (14), an electrostatic conveyor belt guide roller (16) and a scraper (19);

[0006] The upper surface of the air duct (3) is provided with a feeding port (4) for feeding the mixture of straw, drip irrigation belt and mulch film to be sorted, preparing for preliminary sorting.

[0007] The fan (2) is arranged on the side of the rack (1) near the feeding port (4) to realize the preliminary sorting of straw, mulch film and drip irrigation belt.

[0008] The air inlet (10) is connected to the rack (1) by bolts, and the air speed entering the air inlet (10) can be adjusted by the gear of the fan (2).

[0009] The conveyor belt guide roller (14) is located below the end of the winnowing pipe (5) to drive the inclined conveyor belt (6) to move.

[0010] The inclined conveyor belt (6) is located below the end of the winnowing pipe (5) to transport the mixture of straw and mulch film for the next stage of sorting.

[0011] The electrostatic conveyor belt guide roller (16) is located below the end of the inclined conveyor belt (6) to drive the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) to move.

[0012] The electrostatic conveyor belt (7) is located below the end of the inclined conveyor belt (6) and has static electricity to separate the mulch film and straw according to their conductivity.

[0013] The material distribution device (8) is located below the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) and consists of a mulch film channel (18) and a straw channel (17) to separate the fallen straw and mulch film.

[0014] The scraper (19) is located above the material distribution device (8) to scrape off the mulch film adsorbed on the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) for the next step of collection.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the winnowing pipe (5) is provided with two discharge ports (11, 12), the drip irrigation belt channel (11) close to the feeding port is used for discharging the drip irrigation belt, and the straw and mulch film mixture discharge port (12) far from the feeding port is used for discharging the mixture of straw and mulch film, which is convenient for the next step of electrostatic sorting.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) has static electricity, and below it is provided with a material distribution device (8). When the uncharged straw is transported to the end of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7), it will be discharged from the straw channel (17), and the mulch film will be scraped off by the scraper (19) and then discharged from the mulch film channel (18).

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the inner cavity of the material box (9) is divided into a drip irrigation tape area (23), a plastic film area (21), and a straw area (22);

[0018] The drip irrigation zone (23) is located below the air separation pipe (5), the straw zone (22) is located below the straw channel (17), and the mulch film zone (21) is located below the mulch film channel (18).

[0019] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the multi-stage separation device of drip irrigation tape and mulch film in straw of the present invention uses the wind force of the fan (2) of the first-stage wind classifier to separate the drip irrigation tape into the drip irrigation tape area (23) by utilizing the density difference between the drip irrigation tape and straw and mulch film; the remaining straw and mulch film mixture falls into the inclined conveyor belt (6) and is transported to the electrostatic conveyor belt (7). Utilizing the difference in conductivity between mulch film and straw, the mulch film is adsorbed onto the surface of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) through electrostatic adsorption and falls into the mulch film channel (18) through the scraper (19) and then enters the mulch film area (21), while the straw falls into the straw channel (17) and then enters the straw area (22) along with the movement of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7), and finally achieves efficient separation of the three types of materials. Attached image description:

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the existing technical solutions, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Main view

[0023] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the primary air separation device

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Main view

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the collection box.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the frame.

[0027] In the diagram: 1-Frame; 2-Fan; 3-Air duct; 4-Inlet; 5-Air separator; 6-Inclined conveyor belt; 7-Electrostatic conveyor belt; 8-Distribution device; 9-Material box; 10-Air inlet; 11-Drip irrigation tape channel; 12-Straw and mulch film mixed discharge port; 13-Conveyor belt side plate; 14-Conveyor belt guide roller; 15-Electrostatic conveyor belt side plate; 16-Electrostatic conveyor belt guide roller; 17-Straw channel; 18-Mulch film channel; 19-Scraper; 20-Conveyor belt baffle; 21-Mulch film area; 22-Straw area; 23-Drip irrigation tape area; 24-Fan carrier; 25-Pipe carrier; 26-Material box placement platform. Detailed implementation method:

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example:

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the device in this embodiment includes a fixed frame (1), which is a frame structure welded from Q235 steel to ensure structural stability when supporting various components. The sides and top of the frame (1) are respectively fixed with air guide pipes (3) by bolts, forming a closed air separation space. The two sides of the air guide pipes (3) are made of transparent material (such as acrylic sheet), and the top is made of carbon steel, which facilitates observation of the internal separation and prevents material from splashing during feeding.

[0031] A fan (2) is installed on the left side of the frame (1) near the top. This side is the air inlet side. The fan (2) is connected to the air inlet (10) on the frame, and their diameters are consistent. The other side is closed, mainly to prevent the fan (2) from blowing the material directly out of the air separation pipe (5). When the fan (2) starts running, the airflow generated enters the air guide pipe (3) through the air inlet (10), and uses the wind force to separate the drip irrigation tape from the mulch film and straw by gravity. The denser drip irrigation tape is less affected by the wind and is blown to the left side of the air separation pipe (5), while the less dense mulch film and straw are more affected by the wind and are blown to the end of the air separation pipe (5). The fan (2) has different speed settings to adjust the wind force.

[0032] At the top of the air duct (3), near the air inlet, there is a feed inlet (4). The feed inlet (4) is a rectangular opening with a baffle welded to the edge to ensure that there is enough space for the mixture to be fed and to prevent leakage when the mixture is fed. The mixture of straw, mulch film and drip irrigation tape to be sorted needs to be broken up in advance and fed evenly from the feed inlet (4). Attention should be paid to controlling the feeding speed to avoid material accumulation.

[0033] Due to gravity, straw and plastic film fall onto the inclined conveyor belt (6) after passing through the straw and plastic film mixture discharge port (12) at the end of the air separation pipe (5). The side plate of the inclined conveyor belt (6) is welded and fixed to the frame (1) and is located below the straw and plastic film mixture discharge port (12) at the end of the air separation pipe (5). The straw and plastic film mixture falling onto the inclined conveyor belt (6) is evenly spread on top. Driven by the guide roller (14) of the inclined conveyor belt, the mixture of straw and plastic film is transported to the electrostatic conveyor belt (7).

[0034] The electrostatic conveyor belt (7) is located below the end of the inclined conveyor belt (6). Its side plate is welded and fixed to the frame (1). It is located on the plane of the horizontally arranged secondary electrostatic conveyor belt main shaft (7). The surface has a conductive coating and is connected to an external electrostatic device through wires. The output voltage of the electrostatic device is adjustable. The movement of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) is driven by the secondary electrostatic conveyor belt main shaft (7).

[0035] The straw and the plastic film have different electrical conductivity. The plastic film adheres to the surface of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) due to electrostatic adsorption, while the straw is mostly uncharged. Therefore, the straw will fall off with the electrostatic conveyor belt (7), while the plastic film adheres to the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) and moves with it.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, a material distribution device (8) is provided below the electrostatic conveyor belt (7). When the straw falls with the conveyor belt, it will slide into the right half of the material distribution device (8) (i.e., the straw channel (17)) and then be discharged from the outlet of the straw channel (17). When the mulch film moves to the scraper (19) with the secondary electrostatic conveyor belt, the scraper (19) welded to the frame (1) will scrape the mulch film and let it slide into the left half of the material distribution device (8) (i.e., the mulch film channel (18)) and then be discharged from the mulch film outlet of the mulch film channel (18).

[0037] like Figure 5As shown, the material box (9) has a rectangular structure and is mainly divided into three parts by partitions: drip irrigation tape area (23), mulch film area (21), and straw area (22). The drip irrigation tape area (23) is close to the blower (2) and located below the air separation pipe (5). Under the action of the blower (2), the denser drip irrigation tape falls into the drip irrigation tape area (23) close to the blower (2) through the drip irrigation tape outlet (13), while the remaining material enters the straw and mulch film mixing outlet (12) at the end and falls onto the inclined conveyor belt (6). As the inclined conveyor belt (6) moves to the end, it falls evenly onto the electrostatic conveyor belt (7). The straw area (22) is located below the straw channel (17), and the mulch film area (21) is located below the mulch film channel (18). Under the action of electrostatic adsorption, the mulch film is adsorbed onto the electrostatic conveyor belt (7). When it moves to the end of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7), the straw falls directly into the straw area (22) through the straw channel (17) from the outlet, while the mulch film, after being scraped by the scraper (19), flows into the mulch film channel (18) and falls into the mulch film area (21). The drip irrigation tape, straw and mulch film of the three parts of the material box (9) need to be removed in time to prevent the material box (9) from piling up.

[0038] In summary, the multi-stage separation device for drip irrigation tape and mulch film in straw based on air separation and electrostatics of the present invention has a simple structure and is relatively easy to use. The air separation device separates drip irrigation tape, mulch film, and straw, which have significant differences in density, achieving preliminary sorting. Electrostatic action separates easily charged mulch film from uncharged straw, solving the problem of separating mulch film and straw with similar densities, thus improving the sorting efficiency of straw and mulch film and reducing the impurity content. This has excellent practicality.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage separation device for drip irrigation tape and mulch film in straw based on air separation and electrostatic separation, characterized in that, Includes a frame (1) and air separation pipe (5), fan (2), air inlet (10), conveyor belt guide roller (14), inclined conveyor belt (6), electrostatic conveyor belt guide roller (16), electrostatic conveyor belt (7), material distribution device (8), and scraper (19) mounted on the frame (1); The air separation pipe (5) has an inlet (4) on its upper surface for feeding a mixture of straw, drip irrigation tape and mulch film to be sorted. Fan (2), the fan (2) is located on the side near the frame (1) with the feed inlet (4) to achieve preliminary sorting of straw, mulch film and drip irrigation tape; The air inlet (10) is bolted to the frame (1), and the wind speed entering through the air inlet (10) can be adjusted by the speed setting of the fan (2); Conveyor belt guide roller (14), which is located below the end of the air separation pipe (5), is used to drive the inclined conveyor belt (6) to move; An inclined conveyor belt (6) is located below the end of the air separation pipe (5) and is used to transport a mixture of straw and mulch film to facilitate the next stage of sorting. An electrostatic conveyor belt guide roller (16) is located below the end of the inclined conveyor belt (6) and is used to drive the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) to move. The electrostatic conveyor belt (7) is located below the end of the inclined conveyor belt (6), and is electrostatic, which can separate the mulch film and straw according to the conductivity of the straw and mulch film. The material separating device (8) is located below the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) and consists of a plastic film channel (18) and a straw channel (17) for separating fallen straw and plastic film. The scraper (19) is located above the material distribution device (8) and is used to scrape off the mulch film adsorbed on the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) for easy collection in the next step.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air separation pipe (5) is provided with two discharge ports (11, 12). The drip irrigation tape channel (11), which is closer to the feed port, is used to discharge the drip irrigation tape, and the straw and mulch film mixture discharge port (12), which is farther from the feed port, is used to discharge the straw and mulch film mixture.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the electrostatic conveyor belt (7) is a material distribution device (8). When the uncharged straw is transported to the end of the electrostatic conveyor belt (7), it is discharged from the straw channel (17) outlet. After the mulch film is scraped off by the scraper (19), it is discharged from the mulch film channel (18) outlet.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a storage hopper (9), the inner cavity of which is divided into a drip irrigation belt area (23), a plastic film area (21), and a straw area (22); the drip irrigation belt area (23) is located below the air separation pipe (5), the straw area (22) is located below the straw channel (17), and the plastic film area (21) is located below the plastic film channel (18).

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