Method and system for compiling high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of plastic chemical emission data processing, and discloses a plastic chemical high spatial resolution emission inventory compiling method and system. The method obtains a target spatial resolution geographic information file in an area to be analyzed, and obtains total emission data of plastics chemicals in each stage of the whole life cycle. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics of plastics chemicals in different life cycle stages, multi-source spatial distribution weight factors are obtained to realize grid distribution of the emission amount at the target spatial resolution. The present application adopts a multi-source data fusion spatial distribution index method, comprehensively considers factors such as social and economic activity intensity, land use type and pollution source characteristics, and obtains an accurate high spatial resolution emission inventory, which can help clarify the temporal and spatial distribution of plastic chemical emissions, provide data support for simulating the distribution of chemicals in the environment, and help the management and decision-making department to develop more targeted resource and environmental strategies for different regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of data processing technology for chemical emissions in plastics, and particularly relates to a method and system for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics. Background Technology

[0002] Constructing a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics is a crucial foundation for accurately simulating the fate and distribution of pollutants in the environment. Plastics are mixtures comprising resins, fillers, and numerous additives such as plasticizers, flame retardants, heat stabilizers, antioxidants, and pigments. They are present in all aspects of production and daily life. Chemicals are released and migrated during various processes, including processing, use, transportation, landfilling, and incineration of plastic products. Simulating the spatial distribution of the metabolic processes of these chemicals in plastics is challenging. This is because statistics on the plastic additive industry and relevant environmental information at the enterprise level are incomplete in my country, making it difficult to pinpoint emission points during production and processing, resulting in weak data support. Furthermore, the wide range of applications of plastics, involving numerous industries and products, leads to complex material flows, further complicating the spatial metabolic analysis of chemicals in plastics. In recent years, the trend of coupling Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to determine emission areas has become increasingly apparent. MFA provides specific quantities of emissions, while GIS provides spatial data related to metabolic processes, helping to clarify the spatiotemporal distribution of emissions and assisting management decision-makers in developing more targeted resource and environmental strategies for different regions.

[0003] Currently, most high spatial resolution chemical emission inventories for plastics, both domestically and internationally, are obtained by allocating emissions based on the total pollutant emissions and the relevant weights of metabolic processes within a region. However, most high spatial resolution emission inventories have relatively small study areas, and it is difficult to determine the emission amounts and spatial distribution weights of chemicals in each life cycle process. Furthermore, the gridded inventory method still has room for improvement in terms of universality and accuracy. By employing a spatial allocation index method that integrates multi-source data, comprehensively considering factors such as the intensity of socio-economic activities, land use types, and pollution source characteristics, a more accurate high spatial resolution emission inventory can be obtained.

[0004] Based on the above analysis, the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology are as follows: the spatial range to be analyzed in the existing high spatial resolution emission inventory technology is relatively small, and the gridding method for emission inventory of chemicals in plastics has low universality and accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the limitations of existing high spatial resolution emission inventory technologies, such as the small spatial range to be analyzed and the low universality and accuracy of inventory gridding methods, this invention discloses a method and system for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics. This method is suitable for accurate spatial accounting of the entire life cycle emissions of chemicals in plastics. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] This invention is achieved by providing a method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1, Obtain the geographic information file with target spatial resolution within the area to be analyzed;

[0008] S2, obtain data on the total emissions of chemicals in plastics at each stage of their entire life cycle;

[0009] S3, based on the spatial distribution characteristics of chemicals in plastics at different life cycle stages, obtains multi-source spatial distribution weighting factors to achieve gridded allocation of emissions with target spatial resolution.

[0010] In step S1, the geographic information file is a Shapefile file, which includes inputting the boundary of the study area, creating a target resolution fishing net, precisely cutting the fishing net, and storing the fishing net.

[0011] In step S2, the total emissions data are calculated using material flow analysis. The raw data for material flow analysis should be obtained through statistical methods or field surveys, and the uncertainty of the data is assessed through Monte Carlo simulation.

[0012] Chemicals in plastics exist at all stages of their life cycle, including manufacturing, product use, and waste disposal.

[0013] In step S3, based on the multi-source spatial allocation weighting factors of chemicals in plastics at different life cycle stages, these weighting factors should be derived from official statistics or field survey data. When compiling a dynamic emission inventory, these spatial allocation weighting factors should dynamically change accordingly to achieve gridded allocation of emissions with target spatial resolution. This includes:

[0014] In the production and manufacturing stage of chemicals in plastics, the emission amount is allocated based on the point source location and production capacity of enterprises producing and manufacturing chemicals in plastics, or based on the proportion of chemical raw materials and products manufactured in plastics in each province / city of the region to be analyzed. Then, the emission amount is downscaled to the target spatial resolution grid with GDP spatial distribution as the weight to achieve emission allocation.

[0015] In the stage of chemical product use in plastics, the sources of use are classified into building use, agricultural use, residential use and industrial use, and the gridded allocation is carried out using building height, farmland area, population density and GDP as weighting factors respectively.

[0016] In the disposal of chemical waste in plastics, the allocation is based on the location and processing capacity of the point source, such as sewage treatment plants, landfills, and waste incineration plants.

[0017] By integrating gridded emission data from each stage of the life cycle, a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics within the area to be analyzed is generated.

[0018] Furthermore, in the emission gridding step of the chemical production and manufacturing stage in plastics, the formula for allocating emissions based on the point source location and production capacity of the chemical production and product manufacturing enterprises in plastics is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, EP e and EP total P represents the emissions of chemicals from the production and manufacturing stage of plastics by enterprise e and the total analysis area during the production and manufacturing process of plastics. e and P total These represent the production volume of chemicals in plastics at the enterprise e stage of the chemical production process and the total production volume of chemicals in plastics within the total analysis area.

[0021] Furthermore, in the emission gridding step of the chemical production and manufacturing stage in plastics, the formula for allocating provincial / municipal emissions based on the proportion of chemical raw materials and products manufactured in plastics in each province / municipality is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Among them, EP k and EP total The figures P represent the emissions from the chemical production and manufacturing processes in plastics within province / city K and the total analysis region, respectively. province,k and P total The production volume of chemicals in plastics represents the production volume in province / city K and the total analysis area, respectively.

[0024] The formula for allocating provincial / municipal level emissions downscaled to the target spatial resolution grid is as follows:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, EP i GDP represents the emissions of chemicals from the manufacturing process of plastics within grid i. i and GDP provinceThese represent the raster i and the GDP of the province / city where it is located, respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, the gridded allocation of chemical emissions from plastics during product use includes:

[0028] If emissions are based on building use sources, then the data is interpolated to the target spatial resolution grid based on the spatial distribution data of building height.

[0029] If emissions are categorized by agricultural use sources, the data is interpolated into the target spatial resolution grid based on the spatial distribution data of paddy fields and dry land areas from land use remote sensing monitoring data.

[0030] If emissions are based on residential use sources, then the data is interpolated to the target spatial resolution grid based on the spatial distribution of population density.

[0031] If emissions are based on industrial sources, then the allocation formula is as follows: Based on the spatial distribution of GDP, the values ​​are interpolated to a raster with the target spatial resolution.

[0032]

[0033] Among them, EU i and EU total Y represents the amount of chemicals emitted from plastics during product use, respectively, within grid i and the total analysis area; i and Y total These are the weighting factors related to the allocation criteria within grid i and the total analysis area, including building height, agricultural area, population density, and GDP.

[0034] Furthermore, the point source allocation formula for chemicals in plastics during the waste disposal stage is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, ED x and ED total W represents the emissions of chemicals from plastics during waste disposal, denoted as waste treatment facility x and the total analysis area. province,k and W total C represents the waste treatment volume in province / city k and the total analysis area, respectively. x and C province,k These represent the daily waste processing capacity of treatment facilities x and k provinces / cities, respectively.

[0037] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high spatial resolution emission inventory system for chemicals in plastics, the system being used to regulate the high spatial resolution emission inventory method for chemicals in plastics, the system comprising:

[0038] The data acquisition module is used to acquire geographic information data of the area to be analyzed, data on chemical production and manufacturing enterprises in plastics, building height data, land use data, GDP data, population data, waste treatment facility data, and total emissions data of chemicals in plastics at each stage of their life cycle.

[0039] The spatial allocation module is used to calculate the distribution characteristics of chemical emissions in plastics within the target spatial resolution raster of the area to be analyzed by combining the weighting factors related to each life cycle stage and allocation criteria.

[0040] The inventory generation module is used to integrate raster data from each stage and output an emission inventory at the target spatial resolution.

[0041] Furthermore, the space allocation module includes:

[0042] The production and manufacturing stage allocation unit is used to perform the gridding step of emitting chemicals in plastics during the production and manufacturing stage;

[0043] The product use stage allocation unit is used to perform the gridding step of emitting chemicals in plastics during the product use stage;

[0044] The waste disposal stage allocation unit is used to execute the point source allocation algorithm for chemicals in plastics during the waste disposal stage.

[0045] Combining all the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0046] First, the method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics provided by this invention acquires geographic information files of the area to be analyzed and total emission data of chemicals in plastics throughout their entire life cycle. Based on the characteristics of different life cycle stages, a multi-source spatial allocation weighting factor is used to achieve rasterized allocation of emissions. In the manufacturing stage, this invention allocates emissions based on the location and capacity of enterprise point sources or provincial / municipal proportions combined with GDP downscaling. In the product use stage, emissions are allocated according to building, agricultural, residential, and industrial sources, using building height, farmland area, population density, and GDP as weights, respectively. In the waste disposal stage, emissions are allocated based on the location and capacity of treatment facilities. Finally, a high-resolution emission inventory is generated by integrating these factors. This invention achieves refined spatial accounting of chemical emissions in plastics, effectively improving the spatial accuracy of the emission inventory of chemicals in plastics, providing a scientific basis for environmental management, and providing technical support for regional environmental management.

[0047] Secondly, the method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics provided by this invention adopts a spatial allocation index method based on multi-source data fusion. It comprehensively considers factors such as the intensity of socio-economic activities, land use type, and pollution source characteristics to obtain an accurate high spatial resolution emission inventory. This can help clarify the spatiotemporal distribution of chemical emissions in plastics, provide data support for simulating the fate distribution of chemicals in the environment, and help management decision-making departments formulate more targeted resource and environmental strategies for different regions.

[0048] Third, due to the numerous harmful chemicals contained in plastics, such as phthalates (PAEs), which are typical endocrine disruptors, the need for pollution control is urgent. This invention can serve government environmental protection departments, industrial parks, and pollution control companies, providing accurate emission inventories and remediation solutions. It is expected to have commercial applications in environmental consulting, pollution monitoring, and remediation markets, possessing significant market value in environmental governance. Simultaneously, the high-resolution emission inventory can serve as a data product, providing data support to research institutions and environmental organizations, forming a sustainable data subscription model, thereby generating revenue. Research on chemical emissions from plastics often focuses on single environmental media or small-scale emission studies, resulting in low spatial accuracy. This invention integrates GIS with multi-source data; the embodiment compiles a spatially resolved PAE emission inventory of PVC in China, providing technical support for precise pollution control. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the target spatial resolution emission gridding allocation process provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 3 This is a structural framework diagram of the high spatial resolution emission inventory system for chemicals in plastics provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a structural framework diagram of the apparatus for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0055] Due to the wide range of sources and complex migration pathways of chemicals in plastics, it has been difficult to quantify the contribution rate of various industries in the past. The innovation of this invention lies in its ability to accurately identify pollution sources through material flow analysis and spatial weight allocation, solving the industry pain point of unclear source apportionment. This invention identifies key regions and industries through spatialized inventory, demonstrating that the emission of chemicals in plastics may largely originate from product use processes, such as PAEs, thus driving industries to shift from pollution treatment to pollution prevention. This invention corrects the misconception that "high-resolution modeling necessarily relies on expensive monitoring data," which is generally believed that high-precision emission inventories require dense monitoring networks. This invention innovatively utilizes open-source data (such as building height, arable land area, etc.) to replace traditional monitoring, achieving low-cost, high-reliability modeling of pollutants through algorithm optimization. This invention solves the technical challenges of fuzzy source apportionment and high data dependence in the compilation of chemical emission inventories in plastics, conducting large-scale, multi-media, and full life-cycle assessments of chemicals in plastics, analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms of emissions, providing necessary data support for accurately simulating the distribution and fate of pollutants in the environment, and also providing a replicable methodological system for the global governance of new pollutants. Example 1, as... Figure 1 As shown, the method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics provided in this embodiment of the invention includes the following steps:

[0056] S1, Obtain the geographic information file with target spatial resolution within the area to be analyzed;

[0057] Preferably, the geographic information file is divided into fishing nets or specific areas, such as county boundaries, and the coordinate system can be a common general geographic or projected coordinate system, such as the geographic coordinate system WGS_1984, etc. Each grid cell or specific area contains a number so that it can be connected to the corresponding allocation factor later.

[0058] Specifically, taking the process of compiling an emission inventory with a spatial resolution of 10km×10km as an example, under the geographic coordinate system WGS_1984, with the mainland boundary of China as the boundary of the study area, a 10km×10km fishing net was created. The fishing net covering the edge area of ​​less than 50% was trimmed, resulting in a total of 97,649 grids.

[0059] S2, to obtain total emission data of chemicals in plastics throughout their entire life cycle, including manufacturing, product use, and waste disposal;

[0060] Preferably, the total emissions data for the chemical at each stage of its entire life cycle should distinguish the emission destinations of different environmental media, including but not limited to emissions into the atmosphere, water bodies, and soil. This classification method can be used to identify key polluting media and also supports the application of multi-media environmental models.

[0061] In calculating emissions during the product usage phase, it is recommended to break down the statistics by specific product type and industry. For example, building plastic products, agricultural plastic films, and household plastic products can be categorized separately to ensure that the spatial allocation of the emissions inventory is more accurate and practical.

[0062] Specifically, taking the compilation of the 2022 emission inventory of phthalate plasticizers (PAEs) in China's polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as an example, the top-down method of dynamic material flow analysis was used to calculate the PAE emissions from Chinese PVC products. Historical total production, total consumption, import and export volumes, and consumption structures of various industries were collected through official channels such as statistical yearbooks and industry reports to calculate the PAE consumption of each industry. Assuming that the product lifespan follows a normal distribution, the dynamic scrapping amount of PAEs was obtained based on the lifespan function. PAE emissions were calculated based on the PAE emission factors at each stage of the product lifecycle. Material flow analysis showed that the total PAE emissions from PVC in China in 2022 were 652,800 tons, with 7,800 tons, 125,900 tons, and 519,100 tons emitted into the atmosphere, water bodies, and soil, respectively. Of these, 1,500 tons were emitted during production and manufacturing, 610,400 tons during product use, and 40,800 tons during waste disposal. The product's usage is categorized into construction, agriculture, industry, and residential use, with emissions of 490,000, 11,300, 34,900, and 74,200 tons, respectively. Five thousand Monte Carlo simulations were conducted on the emissions of PAEs from PVC in China. The 95% confidence interval for the total PAE emissions in 2022 is 555,500–744,100 tons, with an uncertainty of [14.9%, +14.0%].

[0063] S3, based on the spatial distribution characteristics of chemicals in plastics at different life cycle stages, obtains multi-source spatial distribution weighting factors to achieve gridded allocation of emissions with target spatial resolution.

[0064] It should be noted that the multi-source spatial allocation weighting factors should be stored in the form of geographic information files. During storage, it is essential to ensure that the numbering of each raster cell or specific area strictly corresponds to the numbering system of the target spatial resolution geographic information file used in S1, while maintaining the consistency of the geographic coordinate system.

[0065] Optionally, the geographic information file includes a Shapefile.

[0066] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the emission gridded allocation process to achieve target spatial resolution provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a method for rasterizing emission allocation with target spatial resolution based on multi-source spatial allocation weighting factors for chemicals in plastics at different life cycle stages, comprising:

[0067] a. In the production and manufacturing stage of chemicals in plastics, precise location allocation is carried out based on the point source location and production and manufacturing capacity of chemical production and product manufacturing enterprises in plastics. Considering that the point source location of enterprises and their chemical production and manufacturing capacity in plastics are often difficult to obtain, the provincial / municipal level emissions can also be allocated according to the proportion of chemical raw materials and product manufacturing in plastics in each province / city in the region to be analyzed. Then, the scale is reduced to the target spatial resolution raster with GDP spatial distribution as the weight to achieve emission allocation.

[0068] Specifically, taking the compilation of a 10km×10km spatial resolution PAEs emission inventory of PVC in China as an example, the PAEs industry has limited statistical data, a fragmented industry structure, and low concentration. The top five plasticizer companies collectively account for only 7.4% of the national plasticizer market share. Most PAEs producers are small-scale, and their output and even locations are not officially recorded. It is difficult to determine emission sources by obtaining spatial information on PAEs production or product processing and manufacturing processes from key enterprises. The distribution of production and manufacturing processes is based on the production capacity of plastic additives and plastics in each province. The emissions at this stage are allocated to provincial inventories, and then scaled down to 10km×10km using the 1km×1km GDP spatial distribution of each province as a weighting factor.

[0069] b. In the stage of chemical product use in plastics, the sources of use are classified into building use, agricultural use, residential use and industrial use, and the building height, farmland area, population density and GDP are used as weighting factors for grid-based allocation.

[0070] c. In the stage of chemical waste disposal in plastics, precise location allocation is carried out based on the point source location and treatment capacity of sewage treatment plants, landfills, and waste incineration plants.

[0071] Preferably, the location information of the waste treatment facility should include latitude and longitude.

[0072] d. Integrate gridded emission data from each life cycle stage to generate a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics within the area to be analyzed.

[0073] Preferably, the corresponding vector files are simultaneously output through the aforementioned multi-source spatial allocation weighting factors to help verify whether the delineation of the region to be analyzed is accurate.

[0074] To ensure the spatiotemporal consistency of the emission inventory, the data years of the multi-source spatial allocation weighting factors used in this invention should strictly match the base year of the target emission inventory. When data for the exact same year is unavailable, the available data with the shortest time span should be prioritized. For example, when compiling the 2022 China PAEs plasticizer emission inventory with a spatial resolution of 10km×10km, the 2022 enterprise production capacity data, building height distribution data, farmland land use data, population statistics, and GDP spatial distribution data should be prioritized as allocation weighting factors. If some data for 2022 is unavailable, available data from similar years can be used as substitutes, but this must be clearly indicated in the inventory compilation instructions.

[0075] Optionally, the emission gridding steps in the production and manufacturing of chemicals in plastics are allocated according to the point source location of the enterprise and its production and manufacturing capacity of chemicals in plastics using the following formula:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, EP e and EP total P represents the emissions of chemicals from the production and manufacturing stage of plastics by enterprise e and the total analysis area during the production and manufacturing process of plastics. e and P total These represent the production volume of chemicals in plastics at the enterprise e stage of the chemical production process and the total production volume of chemicals in plastics within the total analysis area.

[0078] Optionally, the emission gridding steps in the production and manufacturing of chemicals in plastics are allocated according to the proportion of chemical raw materials and products in plastics manufacturing in each province / city using the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] Among them, EP k and EP total The figures P represent the emissions from the chemical production and manufacturing processes in plastics within province / city K and the total analysis region, respectively. province,k and P total The figures represent the production volume of chemicals in plastics within province / city K and the total analysis area, respectively.

[0081] The formula for allocating provincial / municipal level emissions downscaled to the target spatial resolution grid is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Among them, EP i GDP represents the emissions of chemicals from the manufacturing process of plastics within grid i. i and GDP provinceThese are the raster i and the GDP of its province / city, respectively.

[0084] Specifically, taking the compilation of the emission inventory of PAEs in PVC in China during the manufacturing stage at a spatial resolution of 10km×10km in 2022 as an example, the total emission of PAEs in PVC in China during the manufacturing process in 2022 was 0.15 million tons. Taking major manufacturing provinces as examples, Shandong Province, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region accounted for 15.0%, 14.1%, and 13.5% of the national PAE production, respectively, with emissions of 2.30 × 10⁻⁶ tons per kilometer. -2 2.16×10 -2 and 2.07×10 -2 Ten thousand tons.

[0085] Furthermore, by scaling down the emissions of each province to a 10km×10km grid according to the GDP distribution of each province, the emissions range of the 5th to 95th percentiles of PAEs production and manufacturing in 2022 within a 10km×10km grid is found to be 0-5.27×10 -2 t, median is 3.62 × 10 -3 t.

[0086] Optionally, the grid-based allocation method for the emission of chemicals in plastics during the product use stage includes:

[0087] a. Building use source emissions: The data set of 10m building heights in China provided by the National Earth System Science Data Center is used to interpolate the relative proportion of the total height into the grid of the target spatial resolution.

[0088] b. Agricultural use source emissions: Using the China multi-period land use remote sensing monitoring dataset (30m×30m) provided by the Resource and Environmental Science Data Platform, the area distribution of paddy fields and dry land was extracted and interpolated into the raster of the target spatial resolution.

[0089] c. For emissions from residential use, the spatial distribution of population density in China for each year is interpolated into the raster at the target spatial resolution using the kilometer grid dataset of population spatial distribution provided by the Resource and Environmental Science Data Platform.

[0090] d. Industrial emission sources: Using the kilometer-grid dataset of China's GDP spatial distribution for each year provided by the Resource and Environmental Science Data Platform, the GDP distribution is interpolated into the raster at the target spatial resolution. The allocation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, EU i and EU totalY represents the amount of chemicals emitted from plastics during product use, respectively, within grid i and the total analysis area; i and Y total These are the weighting factors related to the allocation criteria within grid i and the total analysis area, including building height, agricultural area, population density, and GDP.

[0093] Taking the compilation of the emission inventory of PAEs in Chinese PVC during the product use stage at a spatial resolution of 10km×10km in 2022 as an example, the emissions of PAEs from building, agricultural, industrial, and residential products in China during the use stage in 2022 were 490,000, 11,300, 34,900, and 74,200 tons, respectively. Downscaling to 10km×10km, the emission ranges of the 5th to 95th percentiles of building, agricultural, industrial, and residential products during the use stage in China during the 10km×10km grid in 2022 were 0-25.71, 0-0.51, and 6.95×10⁻⁶, respectively. -5 The values ​​are -2.54 and 0-1.28t, with medians of 4.97 × 10⁻⁶ and 4.97 × 10⁻⁶ respectively. -2 1.29×10 -2 5.91×10 -2 and 3.74×10 -2 t.

[0094] Alternatively, the point source allocation formula for chemicals in plastics during the waste disposal stage is as follows:

[0095]

[0096] Among them, ED x and ED total W represents the emissions of chemicals from plastics during waste disposal, denoted as waste treatment facility x and the total analysis area. province,k and W total C represents the waste treatment volume in province / city k and the total analysis area, respectively. x and C province,k These represent the daily waste processing capacity of treatment facilities x and k provinces / cities, respectively.

[0097] Specifically, taking the compilation of the emission inventory of PAEs from PVC in China during the waste disposal stage at a spatial resolution of 10km×10km in 2022 as an example, the emission of PAEs from PVC in China during the waste disposal process in 2022 was 40,800 tons. Downscaling to 10km×10km, the emission range of PAEs from PVC in China during the waste disposal stage in 2022 within a 10km×10km grid is found to be 2.40×10⁻⁶ tons. -4 -10.33t, median is 6.24×10 -2In 2022, the 5th–95th percentile emissions of PAEs within a 10 km × 10 km grid to the atmosphere, water, and soil ranged from 2.60 × 10⁻⁶ to 2.60 × 10⁻⁶. -6 -1.21×10 -2 t, 1.61×10 -5 -5.95t and 9.21×10 -5 -25.47t, with a median of 1.08×10 -2 t, 4.59×10 -2 t and 2.48×10 -1 t.

[0098] Example 2, Figure 3 This is the structural framework of the high spatial resolution emission inventory system for chemicals in plastics provided in this embodiment of the invention. The high spatial resolution emission inventory system for chemicals in plastics includes:

[0099] The data acquisition module is used to acquire geographic information data of the area to be analyzed, data on chemical production and manufacturing enterprises in plastics, building height data, land use data, GDP data, population data, waste treatment facility data, and total emissions data of chemicals in plastics at each stage of their life cycle.

[0100] The spatial allocation module is used to calculate the distribution characteristics of chemical emissions in plastics within the target spatial resolution grid in the area to be analyzed by combining the weight factors related to each life cycle stage and allocation criteria. The allocation units for the production and manufacturing stage, product use stage, and waste disposal stage are executed according to their respective allocation algorithms.

[0101] The production and manufacturing stage allocation unit is used to perform the emission gridding step of chemicals in plastics during the production and manufacturing stage.

[0102] The product use stage allocation unit is used to perform the gridding step of emitting chemicals in plastics during the product use stage;

[0103] The waste disposal stage allocation unit is used to execute the point source allocation algorithm for chemicals in plastics during the waste disposal stage.

[0104] The inventory generation module integrates raster data from each stage and outputs an emission inventory at the target spatial resolution.

[0105] Specifically, taking the compilation of the emission inventory of PAEs in PVC in China at a spatial resolution of 10km×10km in 2022 as an example, the emission inventories of each life cycle stage mentioned above are integrated to obtain the following result: The emission range of PAEs in PVC in China in 2022 within a 10km×10km grid, from the 5th to the 95th percentile, is 1.43×10⁻⁶. -4-31.79t, median is 3.09×10 -1 t.

[0106] Example 3, Figure 4 This is the structural framework of the high spatial resolution emission inventory compilation device for chemicals in plastics provided in the embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the apparatus for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the embodiments of the high spatial resolution emission inventory compilation and allocation method for chemicals in plastics described above. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the functions of each module / unit in the embodiments of the various apparatuses described above.

[0107] The spatiotemporal allocation device for the high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. Those skilled in the art will understand that the schematic diagram is merely an example of a high spatial resolution emission inventory compilation device for chemicals in plastics and does not constitute a limitation on the device. It may include more or fewer components than illustrated, or combine certain components, or use different components. For example, the high spatial resolution emission inventory compilation device for chemicals in plastics may also include input / output devices, network access devices, buses, etc. The above embodiments demonstrate that the present invention can effectively improve the spatial accuracy of the emission inventory of chemicals in plastics, providing technical support for regional environmental management.

[0108] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1, Obtain the geographic information file with target spatial resolution within the area to be analyzed; S2, obtain data on the total emissions of chemicals in plastics at each stage of their entire life cycle; S3, based on the spatial distribution characteristics of chemicals in plastics at different life cycle stages, obtains multi-source spatial distribution weighting factors to achieve gridded allocation of emissions with target spatial resolution; In step S1, the geographic information file is a Shapefile file, which includes inputting the boundary of the study area, creating a target resolution fishing net, precisely cutting the fishing net, and storing the fishing net; In step S2, the total emissions data are calculated using material flow analysis. The raw data for material flow analysis are obtained through statistical methods or field surveys, and the uncertainty of the data is assessed through Monte Carlo simulation. Chemicals in plastics exist at all stages of their life cycle, including manufacturing, product use, and waste disposal. In step S3, based on the multi-source spatial allocation weighting factors of chemicals in plastics at different life cycle stages, which are derived from official statistics or field survey data, the spatial allocation weighting factors change dynamically when compiling the dynamic emission inventory to achieve gridded allocation of emissions with target spatial resolution, including: In the production and manufacturing stage of chemicals in plastics, the emission amount is allocated based on the point source location and production capacity of enterprises producing and manufacturing chemicals in plastics, or based on the proportion of chemical raw materials and products manufactured in plastics in each province / city of the region to be analyzed. Then, the emission amount is downscaled to the target spatial resolution grid with GDP spatial distribution as the weight to achieve emission allocation. In the stage of chemical product use in plastics, the sources of use are classified into building use, agricultural use, residential use and industrial use, and the gridded allocation is carried out using building height, farmland area, population density and GDP as weighting factors respectively. In the disposal of chemical waste in plastics, the allocation is based on the location and processing capacity of the point source, such as sewage treatment plants, landfills, and waste incineration plants. By integrating gridded emission data from each stage of the life cycle, a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics within the area to be analyzed is generated.

2. The method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the emission gridding step of the chemical production and manufacturing stage in plastics, the formula for allocating emissions based on the point source location and production capacity of the chemical production and product manufacturing enterprises in plastics is as follows: ； in, and These are enterprises in the chemical production and manufacturing stage of plastics. e The total amount of chemicals emitted during the manufacturing process in plastics within the analysis area. and These are enterprises in the chemical production and manufacturing stage of plastics. e The production volume of chemicals in plastics within the total analysis area.

3. The method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the emission gridding step of the chemical production and manufacturing stage in plastics, the formula for allocating provincial / municipal emissions based on the proportion of chemical raw materials and products manufactured in plastics in each province / municipality is as follows: ； in, and They are respectively k Emissions from the production and manufacturing of chemicals in plastics within the province / city and the overall analysis region. and They are respectively k Production volume of chemicals in plastics within the province / city and total analysis area; The formula for allocating provincial / municipal level emissions downscaled to the target spatial resolution grid is as follows: ； in, For chemicals in plastic grids Emissions from the production and manufacturing process within the country. and They are grids And the GDP of the province / city where it is located.

4. The method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gridded allocation of chemical emissions from plastics during product use includes: If emissions are based on building use sources, then the data is interpolated to the target spatial resolution grid based on the spatial distribution data of building height. If emissions are categorized by agricultural use sources, the data is interpolated into the target spatial resolution grid based on the spatial distribution data of paddy fields and dry land areas from land use remote sensing monitoring data. If emissions are based on residential use sources, then the data is interpolated to the target spatial resolution grid based on the spatial distribution of population density. If emissions are based on industrial sources, then the allocation formula is as follows: Based on the spatial distribution of GDP, the values ​​are interpolated to a raster with the target spatial resolution. ； in, and They are grids The total amount of chemicals emitted from plastics during product use within the analysis area; and They are grids The weighting factors related to the allocation criteria within the total analysis area include building height, agricultural area, population density, and GDP.

5. The method for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics according to claim 1, characterized in that, The point source allocation formula for chemicals in plastics during the waste disposal stage is as follows: ； in, and Waste treatment facilities x And the total amount of chemicals emitted from plastics during waste disposal within the analysis area. and They are respectively k Waste treatment volume within the province / city and the total analysis area. and Treatment facilities x and k Daily waste processing capacity of the province / city.

6. A system for compiling a high spatial resolution emission inventory of chemicals in plastics, characterized in that, This system is used to regulate the high spatial resolution emission inventory method for chemicals in plastics as described in any one of claims 1-5, and the system comprises: The data acquisition module is used to acquire geographic information data of the area to be analyzed, data on chemical production and manufacturing enterprises in plastics, building height data, land use data, GDP data, population data, waste treatment facility data, and total emissions data of chemicals in plastics at each stage of their life cycle. The spatial allocation module is used to calculate the distribution characteristics of chemical emissions in plastics within the target spatial resolution raster of the area to be analyzed by combining the weighting factors related to each life cycle stage and allocation criteria. The inventory generation module is used to integrate raster data from each stage and output an emission inventory at the target spatial resolution.

7. The high spatial resolution emission inventory system for chemicals in plastics according to claim 6, characterized in that, The space allocation module includes: The production and manufacturing stage allocation unit is used to perform the gridding step of emitting chemicals in plastics during the production and manufacturing stage; The product use stage allocation unit is used to perform the gridding step of emitting chemicals in plastics during the product use stage; The waste disposal stage allocation unit is used to execute the point source allocation algorithm for chemicals in plastics during the waste disposal stage.

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