A method and device for AC circuit breaking control of voltage circuit breakers

Abstract

This invention discloses an AC circuit breaker control method and device, relating to the field of circuit breaker control technology. The method includes the following steps: acquiring the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit and obtaining the fundamental and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features; constructing a zero-crossing prediction model based on the current waveform features, and dynamically correcting the prediction model by combining the higher harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics to generate a candidate interval for the initial breaking time; determining the final breaking time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold; triggering the circuit breaker operation at the final breaking time, and dynamically adjusting the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value. This invention solves the problems of arc extension and equipment damage in traditional circuit breakers under harmonic distortion or sudden disturbances by extracting current waveform features to construct a zero-crossing prediction model and dynamically correcting the contact separation strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of circuit breaker control technology, and more specifically, to an AC circuit breaker control method and apparatus for voltage circuit breakers. Background Technology

[0002] In AC circuits, the primary function of a voltage circuit breaker is to interrupt fault or overload currents to protect electrical equipment and maintain system safety. Traditional AC circuit breaker control methods typically determine the disconnection time based on the current zero-crossing point, utilizing the instantaneous decrease in current to extinguish the arc, thereby reducing contact losses and electrical shocks. However, in actual operation, the current waveform is often affected by harmonic distortion, load asymmetry, sudden disturbances, or other non-ideal operating conditions, leading to current zero-crossing drift or failure.

[0003] In this context, traditional zero-crossing control logic has significant limitations: relying solely on current zero-crossing to trigger disconnection may lead to prolonged arcing, increased contact losses, accelerated equipment aging, and potential system overvoltage or power quality issues. Existing technologies lack methods to dynamically determine the risk of arcing persistence under non-ideal waveform conditions and adjust the disconnection strategy in real time, resulting in insufficient reliability and robustness of circuit breakers in complex operating environments.

[0004] The aforementioned disclosed technical solutions suffer from at least the following technical problems: In AC circuits, traditional voltage circuit breakers typically rely on the current zero-crossing point as the breaking moment, allowing the arc to extinguish naturally by reducing the current. However, under non-ideal operating conditions, harmonic distortion, waveform asymmetry, or sudden disturbances in the current waveform can cause the current zero-crossing point to drift or fail, thus delaying the actual arc extinguishing point. In such cases, the conventional control logic of simply waiting for the current to cross zero often fails, and the arc may persist even after the circuit breaker is triggered, leading to damage to electrical equipment and the risk of system overvoltage. Existing technologies lack a control method capable of dynamically determining the risk of arc persistence and adjusting the breaking strategy accordingly under non-ideal waveform conditions, resulting in insufficient robustness of the circuit breaker in complex operating environments.

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention proposes a solution. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the aforementioned deficiencies of the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide an AC circuit breaking control method and device for voltage circuit breakers. By extracting current waveform features to construct a zero-crossing prediction model, and combining it with a contact separation strategy that dynamically corrects high-order harmonic components, load asymmetry characteristics, and arc sustaining energy, the method achieves accurate circuit breaking under non-ideal waveform conditions, thereby solving the problems of arc extension and equipment damage in traditional circuit breakers under harmonic distortion or sudden disturbances.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] On one hand, an AC circuit breaker control method for voltage circuit breakers includes the following steps: acquiring the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit, and obtaining the fundamental component and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features; constructing a zero-crossing prediction model based on the current waveform features, and dynamically correcting the prediction model by combining the higher harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics to generate a candidate interval for the initial breaking time; determining the final breaking time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold; triggering the circuit breaker to operate at the final breaking time, and dynamically adjusting the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit is obtained by the following steps: preprocessing the real-time voltage and current signals; synchronously sampling the preprocessed signals to form a data sequence sorted by time sequence; and maintaining the data sequence by rolling updates to form a continuously updated target waveform sequence.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the step of obtaining the fundamental component and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features specifically involves: performing multi-resolution decomposition on the target waveform sequence to extract transient and steady-state features respectively; calculating the phase shift and amplitude change rate of each frequency component based on the transient and steady-state features, and generating a transient disturbance index; and fusing the fundamental component, higher harmonic components, and transient disturbance index to construct a current waveform feature vector.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the construction of the zero-crossing prediction model based on current waveform characteristics specifically involves: performing time-domain recursive prediction on the fundamental component to generate a fundamental trend sequence; using the transient disturbance index to correct the confidence level of unstable segments in the fundamental trend sequence to obtain a fundamental prediction sequence; performing phase synchronization tracking on the fundamental prediction sequence and extracting candidate zero-crossing moments as prediction results.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the step of performing phase synchronization tracking on the fundamental wave prediction sequence and extracting zero-crossing candidate moments as prediction results specifically involves: performing phase synchronization on the fundamental wave prediction sequence to generate a phase evolution trajectory; during the phase synchronization process, using confidence weights to attenuate and compensate for the instantaneous phase offset to obtain a corrected phase synchronization sequence; and determining the phase crossing point as a zero-crossing candidate moment based on the phase change rate of the corrected phase synchronization sequence.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the step of dynamically correcting the prediction model by combining higher harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics to generate a preliminary candidate interval for the breaking time specifically involves: using the zero-crossing point candidate time as a reference, constructing harmonic interference characteristics based on the phase shift and amplitude ratio of each higher harmonic component, and dynamically compensating the reference; simultaneously, calculating the phase balance correction amount based on the load current asymmetry index; and dynamically adjusting the phase position of the reference by combining the harmonic interference characteristics and the phase balance correction amount to generate the candidate interval for the breaking time.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, determining the final interruption time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold specifically involves: within the candidate interval for interruption time, making a comprehensive judgment based on the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy; selecting the moment that simultaneously satisfies the instantaneous power direction reversal condition and the arc sustaining energy is below a preset threshold as the moment for finally executing the interruption operation.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the step of triggering the circuit breaker operation at the final breaking moment and dynamically adjusting the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value includes: at the start of contact separation, generating a contact separation speed correction amount based on the rate of change of residual arc energy and the future evolution trend of the zero-crossing point; dynamically adjusting the contact separation speed according to the correction amount to match the contact separation speed with the arc energy decay rate; and when the residual arc energy is lower than the safe threshold, the contact separation speed converges to a steady-state speed, completing the circuit breaker breaking action.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the time-domain recursive prediction is achieved by combining an autoregressive model with a sliding window.

[0017] On the other hand, an AC circuit breaker control device for a voltage circuit breaker includes the following modules: a feature extraction module for acquiring the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit and obtaining the fundamental component and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features; a zero-crossing prediction module for constructing a zero-crossing prediction model based on the current waveform features, dynamically correcting the prediction model by combining the higher harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics, and generating a candidate interval for the initial breaking time; a final breaking time determination module for determining the final breaking time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold; and a contact separation dynamic control module for triggering the circuit breaker operation at the final breaking time and dynamically adjusting the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value.

[0018] This invention achieves precise control of the circuit breaking time by performing frequency domain decomposition and feature extraction on the AC circuit current waveform, combining high-order harmonics and load asymmetry characteristics to correct the zero-crossing prediction model, and introducing instantaneous power direction reversal point and arc energy threshold determination; at the same time, it dynamically adjusts the contact separation speed according to the residual arc energy, effectively reducing the breaking energy impact and arc erosion, and improving the breaking reliability and service life of the circuit breaker under complex operating conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an AC circuit breaking control method for a voltage circuit breaker according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an AC circuit breaker control device for a voltage circuit breaker according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1, Figure 1 This invention provides an AC circuit breaking control method for a voltage circuit breaker, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1, obtain the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit, and obtain the fundamental component and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract the current waveform characteristics.

[0024] In this embodiment, the specific steps for obtaining the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit are as follows:

[0025] The real-time voltage and current signals of the target AC circuit are acquired and filtered to eliminate high-frequency noise and transient interference.

[0026] The filtered voltage and current signals are sampled synchronously, and the sampling interval is determined according to the preset precision to ensure the time resolution and phase accuracy of the waveform sequence.

[0027] The sampled voltage and current values ​​are arranged in chronological order and continuously updated to form the target waveform sequence.

[0028] The process of obtaining the fundamental and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features specifically involves:

[0029] The target waveform sequence is input into the multi-resolution wavelet transform module, and transient and steady-state features are extracted for different frequency bandwidths to distinguish between normal zero crossing and pseudo zero crossing caused by harmonic interference.

[0030] Based on the wavelet decomposition results, the phase shift and amplitude change rate of each frequency component are calculated, and a transient disturbance index is generated to quantify the potential impact of non-ideal waveforms on zero-crossing point shift.

[0031] The fundamental component, important higher harmonic components, and transient disturbance index are combined to construct a current waveform feature vector, which is used as the input to the zero-crossing prediction model, enabling the model to accurately predict the zero-crossing point under conditions of harmonic distortion, load asymmetry, or sudden disturbance.

[0032] The multi-resolution wavelet transform module is specifically as follows:

[0033]

[0034] The phase shift is specifically as follows:

[0035]

[0036]

[0037] The rate of change of amplitude is specifically:

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] The transient disturbance index is specifically:

[0041]

[0042] in, For the target waveform sequence, It is the low-frequency fundamental component. These are higher harmonic components. The number of decomposition layers, For phase shift, For instantaneous phase, for The Hilbert transform of the analytic signal, The j-th layer component signal obtained by wavelet decomposition can be either the fundamental component or a higher harmonic component. The rate of change of amplitude, Instantaneous amplitude, The transient disturbance index is... The preset component weights are used, with higher frequency detail components receiving greater weights to reflect the sensitivity of high-frequency disturbances to zero-crossing points. , This is an adjustment coefficient, determined based on historical data.

[0043] S2, a zero-crossing prediction model is constructed based on the current waveform characteristics. The prediction model is dynamically corrected by combining the high-order harmonic components and the load asymmetry characteristics to generate candidate intervals for the initial interruption time.

[0044] In this embodiment, the construction of the zero-crossing prediction model based on current waveform features specifically refers to:

[0045] The fundamental wave component obtained by frequency domain decomposition is input into the time domain recursive prediction unit, and the fundamental wave trend sequence is calculated using an autoregressive sliding window.

[0046] Using the transient disturbance index as weight, the confidence of unstable segments in the fundamental wave trend sequence is weakened to obtain the corrected fundamental wave prediction sequence. Specifically, the confidence of unstable segments in the fundamental wave trend sequence where the transient disturbance index exceeds a preset index threshold is weakened using the transient disturbance index as weight. The corresponding predicted values ​​are then attenuated according to the weight and merged with the mean of the steady-state segment to obtain the corrected fundamental wave prediction sequence.

[0047] A phase-locked loop dynamic tracking method is used to synchronize the phase of the corrected fundamental wave prediction sequence, and candidate zero-crossing moments are extracted from the synchronization sequence.

[0048] The candidate time outputs of the zero-crossing points are used as the preliminary results of the zero-crossing prediction model.

[0049] The zero-crossing point is the precise moment when a signal's waveform crosses the zero-level line from the positive half-cycle into the negative half-cycle, or from the negative half-cycle into the positive half-cycle.

[0050] The corrected fundamental frequency prediction sequence is specifically as follows:

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] in, These are the corrected predicted values ​​after confidence reduction. For perturbation weights, This represents the predicted value of the fundamental trend sequence at time t. The fundamental mean value in the steady-state region. The preset transient disturbance index threshold, The section was considered stable at the time. This is the transient disturbance index.

[0054] The dynamic tracking method using a phase-locked loop is used to synchronize the phase of the corrected fundamental wave prediction sequence and extract candidate zero-crossing moments from the synchronization sequence, specifically as follows:

[0055] The corrected fundamental wave prediction sequence is used as the input signal of the phase-locked loop, and the phase evolution trajectory of the target fundamental wave is extracted by the loop filter.

[0056] In the phase synchronization process, a confidence weight of the transient disturbance index is introduced. When the confidence is lower than a preset confidence threshold, the instantaneous phase offset of the synchronization phase sequence is attenuated to reduce the impact of harmonic interference on phase-locked loop accuracy.

[0057] Based on the confidence-corrected phase synchronization sequence, the phase change rate is further extracted, and the moment of phase crossing is determined as the candidate moment of zero crossing point to ensure robust identification of real zero crossing points under non-ideal waveform conditions.

[0058] In this embodiment, the dynamic correction of the prediction model by combining higher harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics to generate preliminary candidate intervals for the start-up time is specifically as follows:

[0059] Using the candidate time of the zero-crossing point as the center point, the harmonic interference characteristics are constructed based on the phase shift and amplitude ratio of each higher harmonic component at the candidate time of the zero-crossing point, and the phase position of the center zero-crossing point is dynamically compensated.

[0060] Simultaneously, the asymmetry index of the current amplitude of each phase is obtained, the phase balance correction is calculated based on the index, and it is combined with the harmonic interference characteristics to be used in the zero-crossing prediction model to adjust the position of the center zero-crossing point.

[0061] A set of continuous candidate intervals for switching times is generated based on the jointly corrected prediction model to characterize the potential true zero-crossing segments of the current waveform under non-ideal operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of switching timing selection.

[0062] The harmonic interference characteristics are specifically as follows:

[0063]

[0064] The asymmetry index is specifically as follows:

[0065]

[0066] The adjustment of the center zero intersection point position specifically involves:

[0067]

[0068] in, It is characterized by harmonic interference. The fundamental amplitude, The amplitude of the kth harmonic is... , These represent the phases of the k-th harmonic and the fundamental wave, respectively. It is an asymmetry index. This refers to the amplitude of the three-phase current. The corrected zero-crossing point. To preliminarily predict the zero crossover point, For the highest harmonic order considered, These are the harmonic influence coefficients for each order (obtained from historical waveforms or real-time data statistics). This is the preset asymmetry correction coefficient.

[0069] By extracting current waveform features based on multi-resolution wavelet decomposition, constructing a zero-crossing prediction model, and dynamically correcting the model by combining high-order harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics, candidate intervals for breaking time are generated. This achieves accurate prediction of zero-crossing points under non-ideal operating conditions such as harmonic distortion, waveform asymmetry, and sudden disturbances, thereby improving the accuracy and robustness of circuit breaker breaking sequence.

[0070] S3, combined with the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold, determines the final breaking time;

[0071] In this embodiment, determining the final breaking time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold specifically involves:

[0072] Within each candidate interval of the interruption time, transient current and voltage signals are collected, and instantaneous power is calculated;

[0073] Determine the point at which the instantaneous power direction reverses, that is, the moment when the instantaneous power changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive, to determine the time window in which the electric arc may be extinguished;

[0074] Calculate the arc sustaining energy based on the peak current, inter-contact voltage, and duration during the contact separation process;

[0075] Within the candidate interval, the moment that satisfies both the instantaneous power direction reversal condition and the arc sustaining energy is below a preset threshold is selected as the final breaking moment.

[0076] The arc sustaining energy is specifically:

[0077]

[0078] in, To maintain energy for the electric arc, The voltage between the electric shock contacts. This is the peak current. , These represent the start and end times of the candidate interval, respectively.

[0079] S4 triggers the circuit breaker to operate at the final breaking moment and dynamically adjusts the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value.

[0080] The process of triggering the circuit breaker at the final breaking moment and dynamically adjusting the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value specifically involves:

[0081] At the start of contact separation, the rate of change of residual arc energy is predicted, and combined with the future evolution trend of zero-crossing points in the candidate interval at the moment of breaking, a correction amount for contact separation speed is generated.

[0082] The contact separation speed is dynamically adjusted to match the contact separation speed correction amount with the arc energy decay rate, thereby minimizing overshoot or bounce between contacts before the arc energy decays to a safe threshold.

[0083] When the residual arc energy is less than the preset safety threshold, the contact separation process automatically converges to a steady-state speed, completing the circuit breaker opening action.

[0084] The dynamic adjustment of the contact separation speed is achieved by controlling the pulse width of the electromagnetic drive coil.

[0085] The contact separation speed correction amount is specifically as follows:

[0086]

[0087] in, The current contact separation speed, For the initial design separation speed, The current residual arc energy, To preset a safety threshold, Predicting the phase offset for candidate zero-crossing points. , , It is an adjustable gain coefficient that can be adjusted according to needs, with the initial value set based on historical experience.

[0088] The completion of the circuit breaker disconnection action also includes: feeding back residual energy and contact action data to the zero-crossing prediction model and instantaneous power determination logic, for adaptive correction of the disconnection timing in the next disconnection cycle, to achieve robust disconnection control under non-ideal waveform conditions, specifically:

[0089] After the contacts separate, real-time contact action data is collected, including contact displacement, separation speed, and changes in voltage and current between the contacts.

[0090] Calculate the residual arc energy and its rate of change generated during the contact separation process, and correlate it with the instantaneous power direction reversal point information;

[0091] Based on the correlation analysis results, adaptive correction factors are generated, including zero cross-prediction phase adjustment, instantaneous power judgment threshold correction, and contact separation speed correction.

[0092] The adaptive correction factor is fed back to the zero-cross prediction model and instantaneous power determination logic to correct the opening time prediction and contact control strategy for the next disconnection cycle.

[0093] In the next disconnection cycle, the modified zero-crossing prediction and power determination logic is applied to achieve high coupling between contact action and zero-crossing point, ensuring robust disconnection control under non-ideal waveforms.

[0094] In this embodiment, the purpose of performing association analysis is:

[0095] Check the accuracy of the previous zero-crossing prediction and instantaneous power judgment—if the actual arc is prolonged or extinguished prematurely, it indicates that there is a deviation in the prediction;

[0096] By linking the contact action data (actual speed and displacement) with the rate of change of residual arc energy, a correction factor is formed for the next interruption time or contact control strategy.

[0097] By combining instantaneous power direction reversal point, arc sustaining energy determination, and adaptive contact separation control based on residual arc energy, a closed-loop control with high coupling between circuit breaker contact action and zero crossing point is achieved. The contact separation speed can be dynamically adjusted to ensure safe attenuation of arc energy, thereby effectively reducing the risk of arc extension and improving the reliability and safety of the circuit breaker in complex power grid environments.

[0098] Example 2, Figure 2 The present invention discloses an AC circuit breaker control device for a voltage circuit breaker, comprising the following modules:

[0099] Feature extraction module: used to acquire the target waveform sequence of the target AC circuit, and obtain the fundamental component and higher harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features;

[0100] Zero-crossing prediction module: used to construct a zero-crossing prediction model based on current waveform characteristics, dynamically correct the prediction model by combining high-order harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics, and generate candidate intervals for the initial interruption time.

[0101] Final break-off time determination module: used to determine the final break-off time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc sustaining energy threshold;

[0102] Contact separation dynamic control module: used to trigger the circuit breaker to operate at the final breaking moment, and dynamically adjust the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value.

[0103] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0104] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, in the form of a computer program product.

[0105] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the modules and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0106] In addition, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing module, or each module can exist physically separately, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.

[0107] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0108] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A voltage circuit breaker AC break control method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a target waveform sequence of a target alternating current circuit, and obtaining fundamental wave components and high-order harmonic components through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features; constructing a zero-crossing prediction model based on the current waveform features, dynamically correcting the prediction model in combination with the high-order harmonic components and load asymmetry characteristics, and generating a preliminary opening time candidate interval; determining a final opening time in combination with an instantaneous power direction reversal point and an arc maintenance energy threshold value; triggering a circuit breaker to act at the final opening time, and dynamically adjusting a contact separation speed based on residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safety value.

2. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 1, wherein, The target waveform sequence of the target alternating current circuit is specifically obtained through the following steps: preprocessing real-time voltage and current signals; synchronously sampling the preprocessed signals to form a data sequence sorted in time sequence; maintaining the data sequence through a rolling update mode to form a continuously updated target waveform sequence.

3. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 2, wherein, The fundamental wave components and high-order harmonic components are obtained through frequency domain decomposition to extract current waveform features, specifically as follows: performing multi-resolution decomposition on the target waveform sequence to extract transient features and steady-state features respectively; calculating phase shifts and amplitude change rates of each frequency component based on the transient features and the steady-state features, and generating a transient disturbance index; fusing the fundamental wave components, the high-order harmonic components and the transient disturbance index to construct a current waveform feature vector.

4. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 3, wherein, The zero-crossing prediction model is constructed based on the current waveform features, specifically as follows: performing time domain recursive prediction on the fundamental wave components to generate a fundamental wave trend sequence; correcting unstable sections in the fundamental wave trend sequence using the transient disturbance index to obtain a fundamental wave prediction sequence; performing phase synchronous tracking on the fundamental wave prediction sequence, and extracting zero-crossing point candidate time as a prediction result.

5. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 4, wherein, The phase synchronous tracking on the fundamental wave prediction sequence and the extraction of the zero-crossing point candidate time as the prediction result are specifically as follows: performing phase synchronization on the fundamental wave prediction sequence to generate a phase evolution trajectory; in the phase synchronization process, using a confidence weight to attenuate and compensate an instantaneous phase shift to obtain a corrected phase synchronous sequence; based on the phase change rate of the corrected phase synchronous sequence, determining a phase crossing point as the zero-crossing point candidate time.

6. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 5, wherein, The preliminary opening time candidate interval is generated by dynamically correcting the prediction model in combination with the high-order harmonic components and the load asymmetry characteristics, specifically as follows: taking the zero-crossing point candidate time as a reference, constructing a harmonic interference feature according to the phase shift and amplitude proportion of each order of the high-order harmonic components to dynamically compensate the reference; at the same time, calculating a phase balance correction based on an asymmetry index of the load current; jointly adjusting the phase position of the reference by combining the harmonic interference feature and the phase balance correction to generate an opening time candidate interval.

7. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 6, wherein, The final opening time is determined in combination with the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc maintenance energy threshold value, specifically as follows: comprehensively judging the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc maintenance energy within the opening time candidate interval; selecting a time point that meets the instantaneous power direction reversal condition and has arc maintenance energy lower than a preset threshold value as a time point at which the final opening operation is performed.

8. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 7, wherein, The circuit breaker is triggered to act at the final breaking time, and the contact separation speed is dynamically adjusted based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value, comprising: At the beginning of contact separation, a contact separation speed correction amount is generated based on the change rate of residual arc energy and the future evolution trend of zero-crossing points; The contact separation speed is dynamically adjusted according to the correction amount, so that the contact separation speed matches the arc energy decay rate; When the residual arc energy is lower than a safe threshold, the contact separation speed converges to a steady-state speed, and the circuit breaker breaking action is completed.

9. The voltage circuit breaker AC break control method of claim 4, wherein, The time domain recursive prediction is realized by combining an autoregressive model with a sliding window.

10. An apparatus for using the method of claim 1-9, wherein, Comprise the following modules: A feature extraction module is used to obtain a target waveform sequence of the target alternating current circuit, and the fundamental component and the high-order harmonic component are obtained by frequency domain decomposition to extract the current waveform features; A zero-crossing prediction module is used to construct a zero-crossing prediction model based on the current waveform features, and dynamically correct the prediction model by combining the high-order harmonic component and the load asymmetry characteristics to generate a preliminary breaking time candidate interval; A final breaking time determination module is used to determine the final breaking time by combining the instantaneous power direction reversal point and the arc maintenance energy threshold; A contact separation dynamic control module is used to trigger the circuit breaker to act at the final breaking time, and dynamically adjust the contact separation speed based on the residual arc energy until the arc energy decays to a safe value.

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