Facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention provides a facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation. The method comprises the steps that the fermentation temperature of a fermentation decomposition layer and the cultivation temperature of a cultivation substrate layer are obtained; starting and stopping and / or ventilation of a ventilation device are / is controlled based on the fermentation temperature; if the fermentation temperature is higher than a first temperature threshold value, starting a heat collection function of a heat storage and release module so as to store excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer; if the cultivation temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold value, the stored heat is conveyed to the cultivation substrate layer. Heat generated by fermentation of the fermentation and decomposition layer is used for supplying heat to the culture medium layer, redundant heat in the fermentation process is stored through the heat storage and release module, and the heat is released when the temperature of the culture medium layer is insufficient, so that the temperature of the culture medium layer can be adjusted, and the culture efficiency is improved. The problems of high operation energy consumption and high production cost caused by dependence on external energy in the prior art are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, electronic device and storage medium for facility ecological circular substrate cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] Substrate cultivation is a common cultivation method in greenhouse vegetable production. Existing technologies use various substrate-containing devices, such as pot-type, trough-type, and bag-type devices. Because these devices are independent and the substrate components have large particle sizes, low bulk density, and high porosity, they are highly susceptible to external environmental influences, leading to significant temperature fluctuations within the substrate. This is especially problematic during winter and summer cultivation periods, where both extreme temperatures can have irreversible effects on root development and physiological growth. To address this, some technologies partially bury the cultivation device in the greenhouse soil, utilizing the soil's heat storage and conductivity to reduce the impact of external environmental fluctuations. However, this method primarily achieves relative temperature stability by reducing the contact area between the cultivation device and the air environment; it cannot proactively modify the cultivation system to cope with air environment fluctuations. Extreme weather conditions can still damage substrate-grown crops. Other technologies employ active heating methods such as electric heating and solar heating to mitigate the impact of low temperatures on substrate-grown crops, but these technologies require significant investment and consume large amounts of energy. my country possesses abundant agricultural and forestry waste resources, and the ecological recycling and efficient utilization of these wastes are crucial for the green and high-quality development of agriculture. Conventional treatment technologies for the resource utilization of agricultural and forestry waste involve fermentation followed by fertilizer and substrate processing. This process is energy-intensive, time-consuming, and prone to generating heat, odor, and harmful gases, leading to secondary pollution. Currently, there is an urgent need for a substrate cultivation method that can directly and cleanly utilize agricultural and forestry waste to achieve facility-based ecological recycling and efficient cultivation. Therefore, a facility-based ecological recycling substrate cultivation and control method is proposed. This method utilizes the structure of the cultivation trough itself to achieve heat storage and insulation, combined with supporting cultivation models, systems, and management, to achieve temperature control without relying on external heating. This helps reduce temperature stress on cultivated crops, improves their ability to adapt to fluctuations in external low / high temperature environments, and provides technical support for the ecological recycling and efficient utilization of agricultural and forestry waste, as well as the healthy growth and green production of crops. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for facility-based ecological circular substrate cultivation, which addresses the shortcomings of high energy consumption and high production costs in existing technologies.

[0004] This invention provides a method for facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation, applied to a facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation system. The system includes a fermentation and composting layer, a cultivation substrate layer, an aeration device, a heat storage and release module, and a temperature sensor. The cultivation method includes the following steps: The fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer are obtained as monitored by the temperature sensor. Based on the fermentation temperature, the start / stop and / or aeration rate of the aeration device are controlled to regulate the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation and composting layer. If the fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the heat collection function of the heat storage module is activated to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer. If the cultivation temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, the heat release function of the heat storage and release module is activated to transfer the heat stored in the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer.

[0005] According to the present invention, a method for facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation, wherein controlling the start / stop and / or aeration rate of the aeration device based on the fermentation temperature specifically includes: When the fermentation temperature is determined to be below the third temperature threshold, the aeration device is activated or the aeration rate is increased. The second fermentation temperature is the temperature of the fermentation and composting layer detected by the temperature sensor after the aeration device is started or the aeration rate is increased. When the second fermentation temperature is higher than the fourth temperature threshold but not higher than the first temperature threshold, reduce the aeration rate of the aeration device. When the second fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the aeration device is stopped; The third temperature threshold is less than the fourth temperature threshold, and the fourth temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

[0006] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention further includes: Obtain the temperature of the heat storage medium in the heat storage and release module; If the temperature of the heat storage medium is higher than the preset upper limit temperature before or during the execution of the heat collection function, the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module shall be turned off. If the temperature of the heat storage medium is lower than the preset lower limit temperature before or during the execution of the heat release function, the heat release function of the heat storage and release module shall be turned off.

[0007] According to a facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention, activating the heat collection function or activating the heat release function of the heat storage and release module includes: Start the medium circulation device to drive the heat storage medium of the heat storage and release module to circulate between the heat storage and release module and the heat exchange position; When the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module is activated, the heat exchange location is the fermentation and composting layer; When the heat storage and release module is activated, the heat exchange location is the cultivation substrate layer.

[0008] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention further includes: Based on a preset sampling frequency, the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are obtained; The fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction result output by the temperature prediction model. The temperature prediction model is obtained by training a time series model based on historical fermentation temperature and historical cultivation temperature. The temperature prediction result includes the temperature change trend of the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature within a preset time period. The timing for activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module is determined based on the temperature change trend. Based on the aforementioned lead time, the heat storage and release module is activated to perform the heat collection or heat release function.

[0009] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention further includes: Based on a preset sampling frequency, the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are obtained; The fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction result output by the temperature prediction model. The temperature prediction model is obtained by fitting a polynomial function based on historical fermentation temperature and historical cultivation temperature. The temperature prediction result includes the temperature change trend of the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature within a preset time period. The timing for activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module is determined based on the temperature change trend. Based on the aforementioned lead time, the heat storage and release module is activated to perform the heat collection or heat release function.

[0010] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention further includes: Acquire environmental parameters, including at least one of ambient temperature, light intensity, and air humidity; The first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold are determined in real time based on the environmental parameters.

[0011] According to the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention, the method further includes: the second temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

[0012] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention further includes: Obtain the moisture content of the fermented and composted layer; If the moisture content is lower than the lower limit, the irrigation system is controlled to replenish water to the fermentation and composting layer until the moisture content is not lower than the lower limit.

[0013] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention further includes: Get the type of crop being cultivated; The first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold are determined based on the preset optimal root zone temperature range corresponding to the cultivated crop type.

[0014] The present invention also provides a facility-based ecological circular substrate cultivation device, comprising: The cultivation trough is lined with a fermented and decomposed layer and a cultivation substrate layer. A temperature sensor is disposed in the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer; A ventilation device is used to supply air to the fermentation and composting layer; A heat storage and release module is used for heat exchange with the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer; The controller, electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the ventilation device, and the heat storage / release module, includes: A temperature acquisition unit is used to acquire the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer as monitored by the temperature sensor. A fermentation control unit is used to control the start and stop of the aeration device and / or the aeration rate based on the fermentation temperature, so as to regulate the fermentation heat production process of the fermentation composting layer. A heat control unit is used to activate the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer if the fermentation temperature is higher than a first temperature threshold; and to activate the heat release function of the heat storage and release module to transfer the heat stored by the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer if the cultivation temperature is lower than a second temperature threshold.

[0015] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method as described above.

[0016] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method as described above.

[0017] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method as described above.

[0018] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention uses the heat generated by the fermentation of the fermentation and decomposition layer to heat the cultivation substrate layer, and stores the excess heat during the fermentation process through a heat storage and release module, and releases the heat when the temperature of the cultivation substrate layer is insufficient, thereby realizing the temperature regulation of the cultivation substrate layer, solving the problems of high operating energy consumption and high production costs caused by reliance on external energy in the prior art. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the process of activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is the second flowchart illustrating the process of activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is the second flowchart of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention.

[0028] 1. Cultivation trough; 2. Ventilation device; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Heat storage and release module; 5. Controller; 6. Support legs; 7. Lifting device; 8. Cover plate; 9. Cultivation hole; 10. Mesh screen; 11. Layer board; 12. Air pump; 13. Ventilation pipe; 14. Ventilation hole; 15. Hollow cavity; 16. Temperature sensor; 17. Heat collection pipe; 18. Heat collection hole; 19. Fermentation energy layer; 20. Fermentation activation layer; 21. Cultivation substrate layer; 22. Filter and drainage layer. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the system or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in this invention are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, without limiting the number of objects; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0032] The following is combined with Figures 1-8 This invention describes the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method, apparatus, electronic equipment, and storage medium provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is one of the flowcharts of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the executing entity of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention can be the controller of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation system. Unless otherwise specified, the controller will be used as an example in the following embodiments.

[0034] As an optional embodiment, this facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method is applied to a facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation system. The system includes a fermentation and composting layer, a cultivation substrate layer, an aeration device, a heat storage and release module, and a temperature sensor. The cultivation method mainly includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: Step 110: Obtain the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer as monitored by the temperature sensor.

[0035] The fermentation and composting layer is mainly used to generate biological heat energy through fermentation. It is mainly composed of organic waste that can undergo aerobic fermentation. For example, crushed corn stalks, rice straw, wheat straw, etc. can be mixed with the fermentation activation layer (such as cow manure, sheep manure, chicken manure, etc.) in a certain proportion and then laid out.

[0036] The cultivation substrate layer refers to the area above the fermented and decomposed layer, used for planting crops and providing support, nutrients, water and air for their root growth. For example, the cultivation substrate layer can be a cultivation substrate composed of one or more of coconut coir, perlite, vermiculite, peat moss and other materials.

[0037] Considering that without temperature monitoring, it is impossible to accurately know the heat production status of the fermentation and composting layer and the actual temperature of the cultivation substrate layer, which makes it impossible to accurately and proactively regulate the facility's ecological recirculating substrate cultivation device, this invention deploys temperature sensors in the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer to obtain temperature data in real time and accurately, providing a certain decision-making basis for subsequent automated and intelligent control based on temperature thresholds.

[0038] The temperature sensor can be a probe-type temperature sensor encapsulated within a stainless steel probe to adapt to the high-humidity and thermal environment inside the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer. Its core temperature sensing element can be a type K thermocouple, a resistance temperature detector (RTD), a high-precision negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor, or an integrated digital temperature sensor that can directly output a digital signal. These sensors all possess good stability and suitable measurement accuracy, and their signal cables are made of waterproof or corrosion-resistant materials to ensure long-term reliable operation.

[0039] It should be noted that the controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, enabling it to periodically or continuously receive measurement signals from the sensor. If the sensor output is an analog signal, the controller can perform analog-to-digital conversion to obtain a digital temperature value. The controller uses the acquired fermentation and cultivation temperature data as direct input for subsequent fermentation control and heat regulation, providing a decision-making basis for subsequent heat control and management.

[0040] Step 120: Based on the fermentation temperature, control the start and stop of the aeration device and / or the aeration rate to regulate the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation composting layer.

[0041] Considering that the fermentation and composting layer, especially in the deep areas, is prone to insufficient oxygen supply due to material compaction under natural stacking conditions, which affects the aerobic fermentation efficiency of microorganisms and leads to unstable or inefficient heat production, this invention can ensure a continuous and sufficient oxygen supply to the fermentation and composting layer by setting up a ventilation device and using an air pump to actively deliver air to the interior of the fermentation and composting layer through ventilation pipes. This maintains a highly efficient and stable fermentation and heat production process, and changes the heat production rate from passive to controllable, providing a reliable and controllable heat source for the temperature regulation function of the entire facility's ecological cycle substrate cultivation device.

[0042] The air pump can be a miniature air pump, an electromagnetic air pump, or a vortex air pump. The selection can be determined based on the volume of the cultivation tank and the amount of air required for the fermentation and composting layer.

[0043] The ventilation pipes can be rigid pipes or flexible pipes made of corrosion-resistant materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE). The pipe wall extending into the fermentation and composting layer has multiple ventilation holes evenly distributed to distribute air evenly to all areas of the fermentation material.

[0044] The start and stop of the ventilation device can be controlled by the controller, which controls the on / off state of a relay connected in series with the air pump's power supply line. For example, when the controller determines that ventilation needs to be started, it outputs a control signal (such as a high-level signal) to the control terminal of the relay, causing the relay to close and thus connecting the power supply circuit of the air pump to start the air pump; conversely, it outputs another control signal (such as a low-level signal) to open the relay and stop the air pump from running.

[0045] Controlling the ventilation volume of a ventilation device can be achieved by adjusting the total ventilation duration per unit time or changing the operating power of the air pump. For example, the controller can control the air pump speed through pulse width modulation (PWM), thereby directly adjusting the amount of air output; or, the controller can indirectly regulate the total ventilation volume by setting different ventilation durations (such as 5 minutes, 10 minutes, or 20 minutes) within a fixed control cycle (such as 30 minutes).

[0046] Controlling the start / stop and / or aeration rate of the aeration device based on fermentation temperature means that the controller compares the real-time fermentation temperature with a preset target temperature range and executes corresponding control strategies based on the comparison results. For example, a suitable temperature range (e.g., 25℃-35℃) can be set for aerobic fermentation. When the detected fermentation temperature is lower than the lower limit of this range (e.g., 25℃), it indicates insufficient fermentation activity, and the controller starts the aeration device or increases the aeration rate of the air pump to increase oxygen supply and promote fermentation temperature rise. When the detected fermentation temperature is higher than the upper limit of this range (e.g., 35℃), it indicates that fermentation is too vigorous and may inhibit the activity of beneficial microorganisms, and the controller stops aeration or reduces the aeration rate to limit oxygen supply and control the fermentation rate, thereby stabilizing the fermentation temperature within the suitable temperature range.

[0047] Step 130: If the fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module is activated to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer; if the cultivation temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, the heat release function of the heat storage and release module is activated to transfer the heat stored in the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer.

[0048] A heat storage and release module refers to a component used to store and release thermal energy. As an optional embodiment, the heat storage and release module may include a hollow cavity structure filled with a heat storage medium (such as water or phase change material). A heat collection and dissipation pipe connected to the hollow cavity creates a more direct and efficient heat exchange loop for the heat storage medium.

[0049] For example, some heat-collecting pipes can be laid inside the fermentation and composting layer in the form of coils, S-shaped bends, or parallel arrangements, serving as heat-collecting pipe sections to maximize contact with the fermentation material and efficiently absorb the heat generated during fermentation. Simultaneously, another portion of the heat-collecting pipes, also in the form of coils, S-shaped bends, or parallel arrangements, can be laid inside the cultivation substrate layer, serving as heat-dissipating pipe sections to precisely release the absorbed or stored heat to the area where the crop roots are located. In this way, the heat-collecting pipes establish a direct and efficient heat transfer channel between the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer inside the cultivation trough.

[0050] As an optional embodiment, the facility-based ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention involves a fermentation and decomposition layer laid at the bottom of the cultivation trough that continuously undergoes biological fermentation and generates heat. This heat is directly conducted upwards, providing the necessary base temperature for the growth of the upper cultivation substrate layer.

[0051] On the other hand, when aerobic fermentation generates excessive heat, causing the fermentation temperature of the composting layer to exceed the first temperature threshold (e.g., 40°C), the heat storage module's heat collection function can be activated. This involves starting a media circulation device (e.g., a water pump) to circulate the heat storage medium (e.g., water) within the heat collection pipes. The low-temperature heat storage medium flowing through the heat collection pipes in the composting layer absorbs the excess heat generated by fermentation and heats up. It then transfers this heat to the hollow cavity of the heat storage module for storage, thus absorbing and storing this excess heat. The heat storage module acts as a heat buffer, which can, to some extent, prevent the crop roots from being stressed due to excessive heat generated by fermentation in the cultivation substrate layer.

[0052] Furthermore, when the ambient temperature decreases or the heat production efficiency of the fermentation and decomposition layer declines, causing the cultivation temperature of the substrate layer to fall below the second temperature threshold (e.g., 10°C), the heat release function of the heat storage and release module can be activated. This involves starting the media circulation device to transport the heat storage medium, which contains a high amount of heat, from the heat storage and release module to the heat dissipation pipes laid within the cultivation substrate layer. The heat storage medium then transfers heat to the lower-temperature cultivation substrate layer through the heat dissipation pipes, thereby raising the temperature of the cultivation substrate layer.

[0053] Through the heat interaction between the fermentation and decomposition layer, the cultivation substrate layer and the heat storage and release module, the facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention achieves self-regulation of temperature, and can provide a more stable and suitable temperature environment for crop roots without relying on external energy.

[0054] The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention uses the heat generated by the fermentation of the fermentation and decomposition layer to heat the cultivation substrate layer, and stores the excess heat during the fermentation process through a heat storage and release module, and releases the heat when the temperature of the cultivation substrate layer is insufficient, thereby realizing the temperature regulation of the cultivation substrate layer, solving the problems of high operating energy consumption and high production costs caused by reliance on external energy in the prior art.

[0055] In another embodiment of the present invention, controlling the start / stop and / or aeration rate of the aeration device based on the fermentation temperature specifically includes: When the fermentation temperature is determined to be below the third temperature threshold, the aeration device is activated or the aeration rate is increased; the second fermentation temperature is obtained, which is the temperature of the fermentation and composting layer detected by the temperature sensor after the aeration device is activated or the aeration rate is increased; when the second fermentation temperature is higher than the fourth temperature threshold but not higher than the first temperature threshold, the aeration rate of the aeration device is reduced; when the second fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the aeration device is stopped; the third temperature threshold is less than the fourth temperature threshold, and the fourth temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

[0056] For example, a third temperature threshold can be set to 25°C, a fourth temperature threshold to 35°C, and a first temperature threshold to 40°C. When the controller detects that the fermentation temperature is below 25°C, indicating insufficient fermentation activity, it activates the aeration device at maximum power to promote rapid temperature rise. As the fermentation temperature rises, when the controller detects that the second fermentation temperature has reached 36°C (i.e., above 35°C but below 40°C), it determines that the fermentation has entered a stable temperature rise stage. At this point, the aeration rate of the aeration device can be reduced (e.g., by reducing the operating power of the air pump or shortening the aeration time per unit time) to continue oxygen supply and temperature rise in a more gradual manner. If the fermentation reaction is vigorous and the temperature continues to rise and exceeds 40°C, the controller completely stops the aeration device to prevent the temperature from becoming too high; simultaneously, the fermentation temperature exceeding 40°C also triggers the heat collection function described in the aforementioned embodiments.

[0057] Considering that a simple aeration device start-stop control strategy can easily lead to drastic fluctuations in fermentation temperature around the target value, this not only affects the stability of fermentation heat production but may also cause frequent start-stop operations of the aeration device, increasing energy consumption. Therefore, this invention constructs a buffer regulation zone (i.e., the interval between the fourth temperature threshold and the first temperature threshold) by adding a fourth temperature threshold. This enables phased and precise adjustment of the aeration rate. When the temperature enters this buffer regulation zone, the aeration rate is reduced in advance, effectively suppressing the inertia of temperature rise and avoiding temperature overshoot, making the entire fermentation heat production process more stable and controllable, and improving energy utilization efficiency and control accuracy.

[0058] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention achieves phased and precise control of the operation of the ventilation device by setting a third temperature threshold, a fourth temperature threshold and a first temperature threshold. It can effectively avoid large temperature fluctuations and overshoot caused by simple start-stop control, making the heat generation process of the fermentation and composting layer more stable and controllable, thereby improving the stability and accuracy of the entire heat source control.

[0059] In another embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes: obtaining the temperature of the heat storage medium of the heat storage and release module; if the temperature of the heat storage medium is higher than the preset upper limit temperature before or during the execution of the heat collection function, then turning off the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module; if the temperature of the heat storage medium is lower than the preset lower limit temperature before or during the execution of the heat release function, then turning off the heat release function of the heat storage and release module.

[0060] Considering that ineffective heat regulation may occur if the status of the heat storage and release module itself is not monitored, for example, if the temperature of the heat storage medium in the heat storage and release module is close to or higher than the temperature of the fermentation and composting layer, activating the heat collection function will result in extremely low heat exchange efficiency, or even failure to collect heat, causing the medium circulation device to idle and wasting energy. Similarly, if the temperature of the heat storage medium is close to or lower than the temperature of the cultivation substrate layer, activating the heat release function will not achieve effective warming. Therefore, this invention adds a temperature sensor to the heat storage and release module and introduces secondary judgment logic based on the temperature of the heat storage medium to verify the validity of heat collection and heat release commands. This avoids ineffective energy consumption and ensures that heat exchange is only activated when there is an effective temperature difference and efficient heat transfer is possible, thus making the heat regulation decision more complete and robust.

[0061] For example, the preset upper limit temperature of the heat storage medium can be set to 38℃, and the preset lower limit temperature to 12℃. When the fermentation temperature reaches 40℃, but the controller detects that the temperature of the heat storage medium is 39℃ (above 38℃), the heat storage and release module will no longer activate the medium circulation device for heat collection. Instead, the controller will directly control the heat generation of the fermentation and decomposition layer by stopping or reducing the ventilation of the aeration device, thereby inhibiting the fermentation rate and preventing its temperature from becoming too high. Furthermore, when the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer drops to 10℃, but the controller detects that the temperature of the heat storage medium is only 11℃ (below 12℃), the heat storage and release module will not activate the heat release function. Instead, it will promote the temperature rise of the fermentation and decomposition layer by activating or increasing the ventilation of the aeration device, thereby using the newly generated biological heat energy to directly conduct upwards to heat the cultivation substrate layer and supplement the heat storage and release module, thus avoiding ineffective energy consumption.

[0062] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention adds a step to judge the temperature of the heat storage medium of the heat storage and release module before executing the heat collection or heat release command. This can avoid ineffective heat scheduling when the heat exchange conditions are not met, thereby preventing energy waste caused by the idling of the medium circulation device and making the entire temperature control process more efficient and intelligent.

[0063] In another embodiment of the present invention, activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module includes: activating the medium circulation device to drive the heat storage medium of the heat storage and release module to circulate between the heat storage and release module and the heat exchange position; when activating the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module, the heat exchange position is the fermentation and composting layer; when activating the heat release function of the heat storage and release module, the heat exchange position is the cultivation substrate layer.

[0064] For example, the media circulation device can specifically be a miniature water pump controlled by a controller. Its inlet is connected to the heat storage and release module, and its outlet is connected via a valve system to a heat collection pipe section laid in the fermentation and composting layer and a heat dissipation pipe section laid in the cultivation substrate layer, respectively. When the heat collection function is activated, the controller starts the water pump and controls the valves to direct the water flow to the heat exchange location of the fermentation and composting layer. At this time, the low-temperature heat storage medium (such as water) in the heat storage and release module is pumped into the heat collection pipe section, absorbs fermentation heat, and then returns to the heat storage and release module. When the heat release function is activated, the controller also starts the water pump, but controls the valves to switch the water flow to the heat exchange location of the cultivation substrate layer. At this time, the high-temperature heat storage medium in the heat storage and release module is pumped into the heat dissipation pipe section, releases heat to the cultivation substrate, and then returns to the heat storage and release module, thereby realizing heat scheduling at different heat exchange locations.

[0065] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention concretizes the abstract heat collection and heat release functions into a medium circulation device to drive the heat storage medium to circulate at a designated heat exchange location. This provides a clear and proactive physical path for heat scheduling, thereby ensuring that heat can be transported in a directional and efficient manner between different functional layers as needed.

[0066] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the process of activating the heat collection or release function of the heat storage and release module provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, as another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method further includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: Step 210: Obtain the fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature based on the preset sampling frequency.

[0067] For example, the controller can be set to a fixed sampling period, such as every 5 minutes, to acquire the current fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature once, and use these timestamped measurement data as a historical temperature sequence.

[0068] Step 220: Input the fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature into the temperature prediction model and obtain the temperature prediction results output by the temperature prediction model; the temperature prediction model is obtained by training the time series model based on historical fermentation temperature and historical cultivation temperature; the temperature prediction results include the temperature change trends of fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature within a preset time period.

[0069] For example, a temperature prediction model can be a pre-trained Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network model. By learning from a large amount of historical temperature data (e.g., temperature change sequences under different environmental conditions over the past few weeks), the LSTM model has mastered the thermal inertia laws governing fermentation heat production, substrate insulation, and heat exchange. During actual operation, the controller inputs the latest historical temperature sequence (e.g., data from 12 sampling points within the past 60 minutes) into the LSTM model, which then outputs a temperature prediction result. This prediction can be represented as a temperature curve over a predetermined time period (e.g., the next 30 minutes) or a clear temperature trend, such as "the fermentation temperature is predicted to rise at a rate of 3°C per hour."

[0070] Step 230: Determine the lead time for activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module based on the temperature change trend.

[0071] For example, if temperature predictions show the current cultivation temperature is 12°C and is decreasing at a steady rate of 1°C per hour, while the second temperature threshold is 10°C, and assuming there is a system response delay of approximately 30 minutes from the activation of the heat release function to the effective recovery of the cultivation substrate temperature, the controller can use this response delay as a base, adding an additional safety margin (e.g., 30 minutes), thus determining the lead time to be 60 minutes. This means the facility's ecological recirculating substrate cultivation system needs to activate the heat release function approximately one hour before the temperature actually drops to 10°C.

[0072] Step 240: Based on the lead time, start the heat storage and release module to perform the heat collection or heat release function.

[0073] For example, after determining a 60-minute lead time, the controller will activate the media circulation device to perform the heat release function when the cultivation temperature drops to 11°C, instead of passively responding when the temperature drops to 10°C. Similarly, if it is predicted that the fermentation temperature will exceed the first temperature threshold (e.g., 40°C) after 45 minutes, the controller can also activate the heat collection function in advance based on a preset lead time (e.g., 30 minutes). Through this proactive control based on prediction and lead time, the physical delay and thermal inertia of the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation system can be effectively overcome, achieving more precise and smooth regulation of the root zone temperature environment.

[0074] The facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by this invention introduces a time series model as a temperature prediction model. Based on the predicted future temperature change trend, a lead time is determined, and heat regulation is initiated in advance based on this lead time. This can overcome the thermal inertia and response delay of the system, and avoid the temperature overshoot or lag problem caused by passive regulation. Thus, temperature control is improved from passive response to active prediction, achieving a more accurate and smooth regulation effect.

[0075] Figure 3 This is the second flowchart illustrating the process of activating the heat collection or release function of the heat storage and release module provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, as another optional embodiment provided by the present invention, the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method further includes, but is not limited to, the following steps: Step 310: Based on the preset sampling frequency, obtain the fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature.

[0076] Step 320: Input the fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature into the temperature prediction model and obtain the temperature prediction results output by the temperature prediction model; the temperature prediction model is obtained by fitting a polynomial function based on historical fermentation temperature and historical cultivation temperature; the temperature prediction results include the temperature change trends of fermentation temperature and cultivation temperature within a preset time period.

[0077] Step 330: Determine the lead time for activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module based on the temperature change trend.

[0078] Step 340: Based on the lead time, start the heat storage and release module to perform the heat collection or heat release function.

[0079] For example, the temperature prediction model can be a dynamically updated polynomial function. Specifically, the controller can use the latest historical temperature sequence (e.g., six temperature data points collected in the past 30 minutes) and regression analysis algorithms such as the least squares method to fit a second- or third-order polynomial function that best represents the current temperature change trend in real time, such as T(t) = at. 2 The function is defined as +bt+c, where T is temperature and t is time. Once the coefficients a, b, and c of this function are determined, the controller can use this polynomial function to infer the temperature value at a future point in time (e.g., 15 minutes later) and compare it with the current temperature value to obtain a specific temperature change trend (e.g., the temperature is expected to rise by 1.5°C within 15 minutes). Compared to complex models that require extensive pre-training, this polynomial fitting method involves less computation and places lower demands on the controller's computing power. It is suitable for embedded controllers with limited computing resources and can achieve rapid prediction of temperature changes at a lower cost.

[0080] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention, by specifically limiting the model used to predict temperature change trends to a polynomial function fitting model, can achieve predictive control while providing a lightweight implementation scheme with low computational load and low requirements for controller hardware resources, thereby reducing the cost and technical threshold for deploying this advanced function.

[0081] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method further includes: acquiring environmental parameters, including at least one of ambient temperature, light intensity and air humidity; and determining a first temperature threshold and / or a second temperature threshold in real time based on the environmental parameters.

[0082] For example, in addition to connecting to the temperature sensors inside the substrate cultivation system, the controller can also connect to environmental temperature sensors and light intensity sensors deployed in greenhouses or polytunnels. The controller has a pre-set set of dynamic adjustment rules or a mapping function that associates environmental parameters with temperature thresholds.

[0083] In one scenario, when the controller detects a sudden drop in ambient temperature at night (e.g., below 5°C) and zero light intensity, the substrate cultivation system determines that it is currently in a high-risk period for low-temperature stress, such as a cold wave. To more proactively insulate the cultivation substrate layer, the controller automatically raises the second temperature threshold used to activate the heat release function from the usual 10°C to 12°C. This allows the substrate cultivation system to activate the heat release function earlier, replenishing heat to the crop root zone in advance to cope with the rapid cooling of the external environment.

[0084] In another scenario, when the controller detects persistently high ambient temperatures (e.g., above 30°C) and intense sunlight during a summer afternoon, it automatically lowers the first temperature threshold for activating the heat collection function from the usual 40°C to 38°C to prevent the combined heat from the fermentation layer and ambient heat from damaging the crop roots. This allows the substrate cultivation system to activate its heat collection function earlier, storing excess heat generated during fermentation and effectively cooling the system. In this way, the invention makes the control strategy no longer fixed but intelligently adaptable to changes in the external environment, significantly improving the robustness of the substrate cultivation system and the accuracy of temperature control.

[0085] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention acquires external environmental parameters and dynamically adjusts the key temperature threshold for triggering heat scheduling in real time based on these environmental parameters. This enables the control strategy of the substrate cultivation system to no longer be fixed, but to intelligently anticipate and adapt to changes in the external climate, thereby significantly improving the accuracy and robustness of temperature control in complex and variable environments.

[0086] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method further includes: the second temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

[0087] Considering that if the second temperature threshold is greater than or equal to the first temperature threshold, it is possible that two contradictory commands—heat collection and heat release—may be triggered simultaneously under a certain state. For example, assuming the first temperature threshold (initiating heat collection) is 35°C and the second temperature threshold (initiating heat release) is 36°C, when the fermentation temperature is 37°C and the cultivation temperature is 34°C, the substrate cultivation system will simultaneously meet the conditions for heat collection (37°C > 35°C) and heat release (34°C < 36°C). This will cause the controller to fall into logical confusion, unable to execute a clear operation, or cause the media circulation device to switch ineffectively between the two loops of heat collection and heat release, wasting energy. Therefore, this invention establishes a clear boundary between the two criteria of excess heat and required heat by explicitly limiting the second temperature threshold to be less than the first temperature threshold (e.g., the first temperature threshold is 40°C and the second temperature threshold is 10°C). This fundamentally eliminates the possibility of conflict in the control logic, ensuring that the substrate cultivation system is always in a fixed state of heat collection, heat release, or standby, thus guaranteeing the logical consistency and operational stability and reliability of the entire automatic temperature control strategy.

[0088] The facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention, by setting the second temperature threshold for initiating heat release to be lower than the first temperature threshold for initiating heat collection, can fundamentally avoid the substrate cultivation system from triggering two contradictory commands of heat collection and heat release at the same time, thereby ensuring the self-consistency of the control logic, avoiding the ineffective operation of the substrate cultivation system, and improving the stability and reliability of the entire temperature control strategy.

[0089] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method further includes: obtaining the moisture content of the fermentation and decomposition layer; if the moisture content is lower than the preset lower limit of moisture content, controlling the irrigation system to replenish water to the fermentation and decomposition layer until the moisture content is not lower than the lower limit of moisture content.

[0090] For example, one or more soil moisture sensors can be deployed within the fermentation and composting layer. These sensors are electrically connected to a controller to monitor the moisture content of the fermentation material in real time. The controller is preset with a lower limit for the moisture content required to maintain efficient aerobic fermentation, such as 45%. When the controller detects that the moisture content is below 45%, it determines that the fermentation material is too dry, which may lead to decreased microbial activity and reduced heat production efficiency. At this time, the controller outputs a control signal to open the solenoid valve connected in series with the water supply pipeline, starting the irrigation system. This irrigation system slowly and evenly replenishes water to the material through seepage pipes or drip irrigation tapes laid within the fermentation and composting layer. During the water replenishment process, the controller continuously monitors the moisture content. When the moisture content rises back to the lower limit (or a slightly higher target value, such as 48%), the controller closes the solenoid valve and stops water replenishment. In this way, the aerobic fermentation process is ensured not to be interrupted due to water shortage, providing a continuous and stable biological heat source for the entire substrate cultivation system.

[0091] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention can ensure that the aerobic fermentation process will not be reduced in efficiency or interrupted due to material drying by real-time monitoring and automatic water replenishment of the moisture content of the fermentation and composting layer. This provides a stable and continuous biological heat source for the entire temperature control process and improves the reliability of the substrate cultivation system.

[0092] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method further includes: obtaining the type of cultivated crop; and determining a first temperature threshold and / or a second temperature threshold according to the preset optimal root zone temperature range corresponding to the type of cultivated crop.

[0093] For example, the controller's control panel or its accompanying software interface can have a preset crop selection menu. Users can select the crop they are actually planting. The controller's internal memory stores a database that records the optimal root zone temperature range for various common crops (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, strawberries, lettuce, etc.). When a user selects a crop, the controller automatically retrieves the corresponding temperature parameters for that crop and updates the first and second temperature thresholds accordingly.

[0094] Taking two crops with different growing habits as examples: If the user chooses to grow a warm-season crop like tomatoes, whose optimal root zone temperature range is approximately 20℃-25℃, the controller will automatically set the second temperature threshold for initiating heat release to 20℃ and the first temperature threshold for initiating heat collection to 40℃. If the user switches to growing a cool-season crop like strawberries, whose optimal root zone temperature range is approximately 15℃-20℃, the controller will automatically adjust the second temperature threshold to 15℃ and the first temperature threshold to 35℃. In this way, the present invention can provide customized and optimal root zone temperature management solutions for different cultivated crops, greatly improving the versatility of the substrate cultivation system and the professionalism of the cultivation effect.

[0095] The facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method provided by this invention can automatically determine the key temperature control threshold according to the specific type of crop being cultivated, thereby providing customized and optimal root zone temperature management schemes for crops with different growth habits, which greatly improves the versatility of the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation method.

[0096] Figure 4 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 4 As shown, it mainly includes, but is not limited to: Cultivation trough 1, with a fermentation and decomposition layer and a cultivation substrate layer laid from bottom to top inside cultivation trough 1.

[0097] Temperature sensor 16 is disposed in the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer.

[0098] Aeration device 2 is used to supply air to the fermentation and composting layer.

[0099] The heat storage and release module 4 is used for heat exchange with the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer.

[0100] Controller 5, electrically connected to temperature sensor 16, ventilation device 2 and heat storage / dissipation module 4, includes: The temperature acquisition unit is used to acquire the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer as monitored by the temperature sensor 16. The fermentation control unit is used to control the start and stop of the aeration device 2 and / or the aeration rate based on the fermentation temperature, so as to regulate the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation composting layer. The heat control unit is used to activate the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module 4 if the fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, so as to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer; if the cultivation temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, it activates the heat release function of the heat storage and release module 4 to transport the heat stored in the heat storage and release module 4 to the cultivation substrate layer to increase the temperature of the cultivation substrate layer.

[0101] As an optional embodiment, the heat storage and release module 4 of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention includes a hollow cavity 15, at least a portion of which is attached to the cultivation trough 1; the hollow cavity 15 is filled with a heat storage medium.

[0102] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation device further includes: a heat collection pipe 17, one end of which is connected to the hollow cavity 15, and the heat collection pipe 17 is fitted to the cultivation trough 1. The heat collection hole 18 can be a port opened on the cavity wall of the heat storage and release module 4, serving as the inlet and outlet for the circulating flow of the heat storage medium, so that the heat collection pipe 17 and the heat storage and release module 4 together form a closed fluid circulation loop for heat exchange.

[0103] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological recirculating substrate cultivation device further includes: an aeration device 2, which includes an air pump and an aeration pipe 13; the air pump is connected to the air inlet of the aeration pipe 13, and the air outlet of the aeration pipe 13 extends into the fermentation and composting layer. Multiple air vents 14 are evenly distributed on the wall of the portion of the aeration pipe 13 that extends into the fermentation and composting layer, so as to evenly distribute air to various areas of the fermentation material.

[0104] In another embodiment of the present invention, a filter drainage layer is further provided at the bottom of the cultivation trough 1, and the filter drainage layer is located below the fermentation and decomposition layer. The filter drainage layer can be wood blocks or branches, or it can be a material with large pores and good water permeability, such as expanded clay, gravel, or volcanic rock.

[0105] It should be noted that the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device also includes a layer plate 11, and the amount of each material layer in the cultivation trough 1 is controlled according to the setting height of the layer plate 11.

[0106] In another embodiment of the present invention, an insulation layer 3 is provided on the outer wall of the cultivation trough 1. At least a portion of the mesh 10 is laid between the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer.

[0107] Considering that the substrate particles in the cultivation substrate layer are usually finer, while the material particles in the fermentation and decomposition layer are larger and have more pores, the cultivation substrate above is prone to sinking and flowing into the fermentation and decomposition layer during irrigation or long-term use. At the same time, the roots of the crop may also grow excessively downwards, penetrating into the high-temperature fermentation layer and being damaged. Therefore, this invention lays a mesh 10 between the two layers to form a physical isolation interface, thereby effectively preventing the mixing of the two layers of materials and maintaining the structural stability and functional integrity of each functional layer.

[0108] In another embodiment of the present invention, a detachable cover plate 8 is provided at the opening of the cultivation trough 1; the cover plate 8 is provided with cultivation holes 9.

[0109] Specifically, the cover plate 8 serves as an upper layer for heat preservation, moisture retention, and isolation. Covering the opening of the cultivation trough 1, it effectively reduces heat loss from the cultivation substrate layer into the air and inhibits moisture evaporation from the substrate surface. Its detachable design greatly facilitates operations such as material laying, substrate replacement, and equipment maintenance for users. The cultivation holes 9 provide a fixed location for crop growth and emergence.

[0110] In another embodiment of the present invention, the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device further includes a lifting device 7, and the support legs 6 of the cultivation trough 1 are detachably fixed to the movable end of the lifting device 7.

[0111] Specifically, considering that the cultivation trough 1 is quite heavy after being filled with all layers of material, making it difficult to move, and that its fixed height may be inconvenient for planting, maintenance, and other agricultural operations, a lifting device 7 is added. This allows for convenient vertical height adjustment of the entire cultivation trough 1 to meet the needs of operators of different heights or the height requirements of different agricultural activities (such as seedling raising, transplanting, and harvesting), significantly improving its ease of use and user-friendliness. The detachable and fixed design allows the cultivation trough 1 to be separated from the lifting device 7 when a complete replacement of the material is needed, facilitating emptying and cleaning.

[0112] It should be noted that the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention can perform the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method described in any of the above embodiments during specific operation, and this embodiment will not elaborate on this.

[0113] The ecological circular substrate cultivation device provided by this invention uses the heat generated by the fermentation of the fermentation and decomposition layer to heat the cultivation substrate layer, and stores the excess heat during the fermentation process through a heat storage and release module, and releases the heat when the temperature of the cultivation substrate layer is insufficient, thereby realizing the temperature regulation of the cultivation substrate layer, solving the problems of high operating energy consumption and high production costs caused by reliance on external energy in the prior art.

[0114] Figure 5 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device in this embodiment includes a long, narrow cultivation trough 1, with a cover plate 8 covering its opening. A row of cultivation holes 9 are evenly and linearly formed along the length of the cover plate 8 for planting crops. An air pump 12 is installed outside one end of the cultivation trough 1 to supply air into the trough. From a top view, a row of ventilation holes 14 is also distributed along the length of the cultivation trough 1 below the cultivation holes 9. These ventilation holes 14 are installed on ventilation pipes to evenly deliver the air generated by the air pump 12 to the fermentation and composting layer inside the trough, thereby providing sufficient oxygen for fermentation.

[0115] Figure 6 This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation device provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the material layer arrangement inside the cultivation trough 1 is illustrated in more detail in a longitudinal cross-section. In this embodiment, the entire cultivation trough 1 is placed on a base-type heat storage and release module, the bottom of which is provided with support legs 6 for support. Inside the cultivation trough 1, from bottom to top, the following are arranged sequentially: a filter drainage layer 22 composed of wood blocks and branches; a fermentation and decomposition layer composed of a mixture of a fermentation energy layer 19 and a fermentation activation layer 20; and a cultivation substrate layer 21 for crop cultivation. At one end of the cultivation trough 1, a layer height plate 11 for auxiliary material filling and an air pump 12 for supplying air to the fermentation and decomposition layer are also shown.

[0116] Figure 7 This is the second schematic diagram of the process for the facility-based ecological circular substrate cultivation method provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, as an optional embodiment, the following steps are included: Step S1: Determine the arrangement of the cultivation troughs and the types of materials to be added. Specifically, following the structure of the aforementioned facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method, layers are laid out from bottom to top within the cultivation trough. First, a drainage layer of approximately 10-20 cm thick, composed of wood blocks and branches, is laid; then, a fermented and decomposed layer of approximately 30-40 cm thick is laid, which is made by thoroughly mixing crushed straw waste with organic manure at a volume ratio of approximately 3:1; finally, a cultivation substrate layer of approximately 20-30 cm thick, composed of coconut coir, perlite, etc., is laid.

[0117] Step S2: Adjust the moisture content according to the type of added materials to maintain a certain humidity level. After all materials have been added, thoroughly irrigate the cultivation trough until the amount of seepage water draining from the bottom of the trough is approximately 20% of the total irrigation volume. Stop irrigating at this point to ensure that each material layer reaches and maintains an initial humidity level of approximately 100% field capacity, creating suitable conditions for initiating aerobic fermentation.

[0118] Step S3: Plant crops in the cultivation holes and manage water and fertilizer. After the material in the trough has stabilized, plant crops, preferably solanaceous vegetables, in single rows in the cultivation holes of the cover plate. In subsequent daily management, supply water and fertilizer through drip irrigation or other methods to ensure that the moisture content of the cultivation substrate layer is always maintained within the suitable range of 70%-85% relative moisture content.

[0119] Step S4: Activate the ventilation device to ventilate and oxygenate different material layers. The controller activates the ventilation device according to a preset program, preferably in a mode of twice a day for 30 minutes each time, forcibly supplying air into the fermentation and composting layer to ensure that it is always in an aerobic condition to maintain stable heat production.

[0120] Step S5: Obtain temperature data for different material layers, and use the controller to start the heat storage and release module to collect heat. The controller continuously monitors the fermentation temperature in the fermentation and composting layer. When the fermentation temperature exceeds the first preset threshold (preferably 40℃), the controller starts the circulating water pump in the heat storage and release module to efficiently collect and store excess heat in the heat storage and release module through the heat collection pipe section.

[0121] Step S6: Obtain temperature data for different material layers and release heat in a timely manner according to the temperature control threshold. At the same time, the controller continuously monitors the second temperature within the cultivation substrate layer. When this temperature is lower than the second preset threshold (preferably 10℃), the controller restarts the circulating water pump of the heat storage and release module to accurately release the stored heat into the cultivation substrate layer through the heat dissipation pipe section of the heat collection and heat dissipation pipe to keep it warm.

[0122] Repeat steps S4 to S6 in this manner until the substrate-grown crops are harvested.

[0123] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 810, a communication interface 820, a memory 830, and a communication bus 840, wherein the processor 810, the communication interface 820, and the memory 830 communicate with each other through the communication bus 840. The processor 810 can call logical instructions in the memory 830 to execute a facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method, which includes: acquiring the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer monitored by a temperature sensor, and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer; controlling the start and stop of the aeration device and / or the aeration rate based on the fermentation temperature to adjust the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation and composting layer; if the fermentation temperature is higher than a first temperature threshold, activating the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and composting layer; if the cultivation temperature is lower than a second temperature threshold, activating the heat release function of the heat storage and release module to transfer the heat stored in the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer.

[0124] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 830 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0125] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions, wherein when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is able to execute the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided in the above embodiments, the method comprising: acquiring the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer monitored by a temperature sensor, and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer; controlling the start and stop of the aeration device and / or the aeration volume based on the fermentation temperature to adjust the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation and composting layer; if the fermentation temperature is higher than a first temperature threshold, activating the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and composting layer; if the cultivation temperature is lower than a second temperature threshold, activating the heat release function of the heat storage and release module to transfer the heat stored in the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer.

[0126] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method provided in the above embodiments. The method includes: acquiring the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer as monitored by a temperature sensor; controlling the start and stop of the aeration device and / or the aeration rate based on the fermentation temperature to adjust the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation and composting layer; if the fermentation temperature is higher than a first temperature threshold, activating the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and composting layer; if the cultivation temperature is lower than a second temperature threshold, activating the heat release function of the heat storage and release module to transfer the heat stored in the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer.

[0127] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0128] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0129] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for facility-based ecological circular substrate cultivation, applied to a facility-based ecological circular substrate cultivation system, characterized in that, The facility's ecological circular substrate cultivation system includes a fermentation and composting layer, a cultivation substrate layer, an aeration device, a heat storage and release module, and a temperature sensor. The cultivation method includes: The fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer are obtained as monitored by the temperature sensor. Based on the fermentation temperature, the start / stop and / or aeration rate of the aeration device are controlled to regulate the fermentation heat generation process of the fermentation and composting layer. If the fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the heat collection function of the heat storage module is activated to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer. If the cultivation temperature is lower than the second temperature threshold, the heat release function of the heat storage and release module is activated to transfer the heat stored in the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer.

2. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the start / stop and / or aeration rate of the aeration device based on the fermentation temperature specifically includes: When the fermentation temperature is determined to be below the third temperature threshold, the aeration device is activated or the aeration rate is increased. The second fermentation temperature is the temperature of the fermentation and composting layer detected by the temperature sensor after the aeration device is started or the aeration rate is increased. When the second fermentation temperature is higher than the fourth temperature threshold but not higher than the first temperature threshold, reduce the aeration rate of the aeration device. When the second fermentation temperature is higher than the first temperature threshold, the aeration device is stopped; The third temperature threshold is less than the fourth temperature threshold, and the fourth temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

3. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the temperature of the heat storage medium in the heat storage and release module; If the temperature of the heat storage medium is higher than the preset upper limit temperature before or during the execution of the heat collection function, the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module shall be turned off. If the temperature of the heat storage medium is lower than the preset lower limit temperature before or during the execution of the heat release function, the heat release function of the heat storage and release module shall be turned off.

4. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Activating the heat collection function or the heat release function of the heat storage and release module includes: Start the medium circulation device to drive the heat storage medium of the heat storage and release module to circulate between the heat storage and release module and the heat exchange position; When the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module is activated, the heat exchange location is the fermentation and composting layer; When the heat storage and release module is activated, the heat exchange location is the cultivation substrate layer.

5. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on a preset sampling frequency, the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are obtained; The fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction result output by the temperature prediction model. The temperature prediction model is obtained by training a time series model based on historical fermentation temperature and historical cultivation temperature. The temperature prediction result includes the temperature change trend of the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature within a preset time period. The timing for activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module is determined based on the temperature change trend. Based on the aforementioned lead time, the heat storage and release module is activated to perform the heat collection or heat release function.

6. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on a preset sampling frequency, the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are obtained; The fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature are input into the temperature prediction model to obtain the temperature prediction result output by the temperature prediction model. The temperature prediction model is obtained by fitting a polynomial function based on historical fermentation temperature and historical cultivation temperature. The temperature prediction result includes the temperature change trend of the fermentation temperature and the cultivation temperature within a preset time period. The timing for activating the heat collection or heat release function of the heat storage and release module is determined based on the temperature change trend. Based on the aforementioned lead time, the heat storage and release module is activated to perform the heat collection or heat release function.

7. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Acquire environmental parameters, including at least one of ambient temperature, light intensity, and air humidity; The first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold are determined in real time based on the environmental parameters.

8. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The second temperature threshold is less than the first temperature threshold.

9. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Obtain the moisture content of the fermented and composted layer; If the moisture content is lower than the lower limit, the irrigation system is controlled to replenish water to the fermentation and composting layer until the moisture content is not lower than the lower limit.

10. The facility ecological circular substrate cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Get the type of crop being cultivated; The first temperature threshold and / or the second temperature threshold are determined based on the preset optimal root zone temperature range corresponding to the cultivated crop type.

11. A facility-based ecological circular substrate cultivation device, characterized in that, include: The cultivation trough is lined with a fermented and decomposed layer and a cultivation substrate layer. A temperature sensor is disposed in the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer; A ventilation device is used to supply air to the fermentation and composting layer; A heat storage and release module is used for heat exchange with the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation substrate layer; The controller, electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the ventilation device, and the heat storage / release module, includes: A temperature acquisition unit is used to acquire the fermentation temperature of the fermentation and composting layer and the cultivation temperature of the cultivation substrate layer as monitored by the temperature sensor. A fermentation control unit is used to control the start and stop of the aeration device and / or the aeration rate based on the fermentation temperature, so as to regulate the fermentation heat production process of the fermentation composting layer. A heat control unit is used to activate the heat collection function of the heat storage and release module to store the excess heat generated by the fermentation and decomposition layer if the fermentation temperature is higher than a first temperature threshold; and to activate the heat release function of the heat storage and release module to transfer the heat stored by the heat storage and release module to the cultivation substrate layer if the cultivation temperature is lower than a second temperature threshold.

12. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the facility ecological cycle substrate cultivation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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