Multi-device power consumption management method under rated input

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-device power consumption management method under rated input. When multiple devices are connected at the same time under rated input current and need to work at the same time or in a time-sharing mode, intelligent dynamic switching is guaranteed under the condition that the total current does not exceed the rated current, normal work of the first-connected device is preferentially guaranteed, the rated current is used to the maximum degree under the condition that the total current does not exceed the rated current, and normal work of electric equipment is guaranteed. The problem that a plurality of electric devices are overloaded during power utilization at the same time during unattended operation, resulting in tripping of a total air switch of a distribution box or long-time overload operation of wire harnesses, safety risks are caused, and control cannot be achieved is solved. The device has the functions of intelligent switching, voltage protection, frequency protection and detection self-recovery, solves the problem that intelligent switching and distribution cannot be realized when multiple devices are used at the same time or in different time in daily life and the rated current cannot support simultaneous operation of the multiple devices, and is bound to become a benchmark product in the future market to solve the problem of load device management in daily life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power management technology, and in particular to a method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement and rapid development of living standards, the number of electrical devices in our lives is increasing, leading to a greater demand for electricity from the power system. However, the load of a typical socket is generally limited to a maximum rated current of around 20A. If multiple devices are simultaneously connected to a single socket, exceeding the rated current, it can potentially cause other problems, such as the socket overheating and burning out, leading to a fire, or the circuit breaker in the distribution box tripping, affecting the operation of other equipment. Furthermore, prolonged overloading can cause wiring to overheat and age, or even result in safety accidents.

[0003] Based on the negative impacts of the existing technology, namely that multiple electrical devices can operate simultaneously without management, the circuit breaker in the distribution box may trip, requiring the circuit breaker to be reset before the equipment can be restarted, and there is still a risk of tripping after restarting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input includes: an AC voltage, current, and frequency acquisition module; a load on / off module; a module for displaying voltage, current, frequency, and fault information; a communication expansion module; a microcontroller control module; a port socket module; an L1 voltage transformer; U2, U3, U4, and U5 current transformers; J1, J2, J3, J4, and J5 relays; IC1, IC2, IC3, IC4, and IC5 isolation optocouplers; a voltage, current, and frequency calculation circuit; and an MCU and control circuit group.

[0007] It also includes the following steps:

[0008] S1: Centralized monitoring and control;

[0009] S2: Intelligent Management;

[0010] S3: Branch metering and control;

[0011] S4: Load identification and limiting;

[0012] S5: Voltage fluctuation protection: After the L1 voltage transformer and voltage calculation circuit detect that the mains input voltage fluctuation exceeds the preset range, it will immediately cut off the 4 outputs and reset the priority to prevent voltage fluctuation from damaging the equipment. After the voltage stabilizes, the corresponding ports will be opened in the default priority order.

[0013] S6: Frequency fluctuation protection: After the L1 voltage transformer and frequency calculation circuit detect that the generator's input frequency fluctuation exceeds the preset range, it will immediately cut off the three outputs to prevent the frequency fluctuation from damaging the equipment. After the frequency stabilizes, it will automatically supply power to the equipment according to the set priority order.

[0014] S7: Overload protection: After the current consumption of the electrical equipment exceeds the preset range by the current transformers U2, U3, U4, and U5 and the current calculation circuit, the last connected load device will be shut down first. When the user changes the load, the system will automatically try to supply power to the newly connected device again.

[0015] S8: Short circuit protection: After the current transformers U1, U2, U3, U4, and U5, as well as the current calculation circuit, detect that the current of the electrical equipment increases instantaneously and reaches the preset short circuit level, the load equipment with the short circuit at the trigger port will be shut down first. When the user changes the load, the system will automatically try to supply power to the newly connected equipment again.

[0016] S9: Intelligent Switching of Multiple Devices: After setting the limit value of devices allowed to be used under mains power, the optocoupler detection circuit identifies whether a device is inserted into the port. If a device is inserted, the corresponding J2, J3, J4, and J5 relays are activated sequentially according to the insertion order to connect the electrical devices to the circuit. Then, based on the data obtained from the voltage, current, and frequency calculation circuit, the load is intelligently switched according to the principle of shutting down the last connected device first, ensuring that the first connected device operates first and that the total power does not exceed the rated load.

[0017] S10: Automatic recovery function after protection: After multiple devices are shut down due to total current overload, the device power at the time of overload shutdown will be automatically recorded. When the remaining power margin is greater than the recorded overload power, the port that was previously shut down due to total current exceeding the rated current will be automatically reopened to ensure that the device will not frequently restart due to previous reasons when the port is reopened. Or, when the user changes the load, there is no need to manually reset. The device will automatically detect the device connection or removal event and automatically restore power to the port of the replaced electrical device.

[0018] Preferably, the centralized monitoring and control specifically involves connecting multiple devices that need to be managed to a main control gate through a multi-machine-one-gate approach to achieve centralized monitoring and control;

[0019] Intelligent management specifically includes: real-time monitoring and data analysis, which involves using smart meters and monitoring systems to obtain the operating status and energy consumption of equipment in real time, and providing optimization suggestions through data analysis and prediction; as well as remote monitoring and alarm functions.

[0020] Specifically, the branch metering and control involves adopting a multi-user, multi-circuit scheme, which uses multi-circuit meters for different users to divide different loads into different circuits for separate metering and control, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying malicious loads. At the same time, a single-phase, single-input, multi-output meter scheme is adopted, where single-phase, single-input, three-output meters are installed in multi-user locations, and branched according to usage categories, with each branched circuit being metered and controlled separately.

[0021] Load identification and limitation specifically involves: identifying malicious loads on various devices by collecting and analyzing parameters such as current, voltage, and power factor, and automatically cutting off power when such loads are detected; automatically cutting off and reconnecting power based on the time of device use, and remotely controlling the on / off state through the background management system to handle emergencies; and setting the upper limit of the total power of the power supply line and the upper limit of the power of a single electrical device to limit the use of high-power devices.

[0022] Preferably, step S1 includes the following specific steps:

[0023] S101: Intelligent hardware and software system management; applying intelligent circuit breakers and power safety operation and management platforms to monitor equipment parameters such as current, voltage, and power in real time, automatically cut off abnormal power supplies, and remotely monitor and manage electrical equipment; installing smart meters to monitor the power consumption, voltage, and current of each circuit, uploading the data to centralized control equipment, and remotely controlling electrical equipment according to preset rules;

[0024] S102: Data acquisition and analysis; collect and analyze electricity consumption data, understand the electricity consumption of each device, identify anomalies and energy-saving issues, and provide accurate electricity management suggestions; monitor electricity consumption in real time, detect anomalies in a timely manner, and remotely manage electrical equipment through centralized control equipment;

[0025] S103: Power Manager Management; The power manager enables intelligent power control and management, provides multiple power output sockets to support real-time monitoring of input device power, enables cross-gateway control and management through PC client software, and allows for timed programming of power outputs to achieve fully automatic unattended power management.

[0026] S104: Embedded system and network communication transmission; Design a monitoring module with an embedded CPU as the core, and expand it with port board, digital input / output board and analog acquisition module, and realize centralized monitoring by communicating with the monitoring backend through the network.

[0027] Preferably, step S2 includes the following specific steps:

[0028] S201: Utilize smart meters, sensors and other devices to monitor parameters such as current, voltage and power of each device in real time, obtain electricity consumption data, and remotely control the switching and operating modes of the devices through a cloud platform or mobile application to achieve convenient management;

[0029] S202: Analyze historical electricity consumption data, identify peak and off-peak energy consumption, optimize equipment operating time, and use machine learning algorithms to predict future energy consumption and formulate reasonable electricity consumption plans.

[0030] S203: Based on the grid capacity and equipment demand, allocate power resources reasonably to avoid overload and arrange for high-power equipment to operate during low-load periods to reduce electricity costs;

[0031] S204: Monitor equipment status in real time, detect abnormalities in a timely manner, and send early warning information via SMS, email, etc. to quickly handle faults;

[0032] S205: Recycle and utilize waste heat and pressure generated during the production process, and automatically adjust the operating status of lighting, air conditioning and other equipment according to environmental changes to reduce waste;

[0033] S206: Monitors equipment load, automatically cuts off power to prevent overload, and detects leakage in real time to ensure electrical safety.

[0034] The branch metering method in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] S301: Select the metering circuit;

[0036] S302: Collect metering devices and data;

[0037] S303: Optimize the energy consumption splitting algorithm; for different types of electrical equipment in mixed branches, the energy consumption splitting technology is used to split and calculate the energy consumption, saving electricity meter resources while improving the accuracy of the sub-item energy consumption data.

[0038] Preferably, the branch control method in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] S3001: In centralized installation environments, a multi-user, multi-circuit solution is adopted to achieve branch metering and branch control, improving the accuracy of malicious load identification; and users are equipped with multi-circuit metering and control functions, and can set the parameters of each line individually to achieve independent control;

[0040] S3002: In non-centralized installation environments, a single-phase one-input three-output meter solution is applied, allowing users to be set up with one input and multiple outputs, enabling individual control, individual metering, and individual settings.

[0041] Preferably, the metering loop selection in step S301 specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] S3011: Total electricity consumption is directly metered; the number of three-phase meters and multi-function meters to be installed is determined according to the number of transformers. For example, if there are 2 transformers, install 2 multi-function meters and 2 three-phase meters.

[0043] S3012: Electricity consumption is metered by item; a combination of direct and indirect metering is used. Electricity for items such as air conditioning, power and special electricity is directly metered by installed electricity meters, while electricity for lighting and sockets is metered indirectly, that is, calculated by subtracting the electricity consumption of other directly metered items from the total electricity consumption.

[0044] S3013: Mixed Circuit Assignment; For circuits containing multiple electrical devices, their assignment is determined based on the equipment's operating time and rated power. The primary assignment should be for equipment that operates year-round. If the operating time is the same, the assignment is based on the rated power. If the equipment operates intermittently, the power is calculated by comparison.

[0045] Preferably, the metering device and data acquisition in step S302 specifically include the following steps:

[0046] S3021: Select an energy meter with an accuracy class of not less than 1.0, support remote data transmission and standard serial electrical interface, monitor active power or current, and use a current transformer with an accuracy class of not less than 0.5.

[0047] S3022: Use a data acquisition device to collect real-time data from various energy metering devices and automatically exchange data with the local system host or remote data center; the data acquisition device should have the characteristics of low power consumption and high reliability, and should have data acquisition, processing, storage and remote transmission functions.

[0048] Preferably, the load identification and limitation in step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] S401: Load Identification: The system employs current detection to monitor equipment current and compares it with the rated current to identify any malicious loads operating beyond their rated capacity; it also uses power limiting to restrict equipment power usage, considering any load exceeding the rated power as a malicious load; temperature detection to monitor wire temperature, with elevated temperatures potentially indicating malicious load usage; behavioral analysis to analyze user electricity consumption behavior and identify abnormal usage patterns; and neural network analysis to extract and analyze load characteristics for high-precision load identification.

[0050] S402: Load Limitation: Set power usage time periods, and automatically cut off power during unauthorized times to avoid overtime use; allow the use of specific malicious loads to improve management flexibility; set smart meters to automatically identify malicious loads and trip the circuit breaker to ensure power safety.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0052] This method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input current intelligently and dynamically switches between devices when multiple devices are connected simultaneously or work in shifts, ensuring that the total current does not exceed the rated current. Prioritizing the normal operation of the first connected device and maximizing the use of the rated current while ensuring that the rated current is not exceeded, this method solves the problem of overloading caused by multiple devices operating simultaneously when unattended, leading to tripping of the main circuit breaker in the distribution box or prolonged overload operation of wiring harnesses, resulting in uncontrollable safety risks. Furthermore, this application features intelligent switching, voltage protection, frequency protection, and self-recovery detection functions, addressing the issue of insufficient rated current to intelligently switch and distribute power when multiple devices are used simultaneously or in shifts in daily life. It is poised to become a benchmark product in the future market, solving the problem of load device management in daily life. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method logic of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of some steps in the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0055] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] Example: Refer to Figure 1-2 A method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input includes: an AC voltage, current, and frequency acquisition module; a load on / off module; a module for displaying voltage, current, frequency, and fault information; a communication expansion module; a microcontroller control module; a port socket module; an L1 voltage transformer; U2, U3, U4, and U5 current transformers; J1, J2, J3, J4, and J5 relays; IC1, IC2, IC3, IC4, and IC5 optocouplers; a voltage, current, and frequency calculation circuit; and an MCU and control circuit group.

[0057] It also includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: Centralized monitoring and control;

[0059] S2: Intelligent Management;

[0060] S3: Branch metering and control;

[0061] S4: Load identification and limiting;

[0062] S5: Voltage fluctuation protection: After the L1 voltage transformer and voltage calculation circuit detect that the mains input voltage fluctuation exceeds the preset range, it will immediately cut off the 4 outputs and reset the priority to prevent voltage fluctuation from damaging the equipment. After the voltage stabilizes, the corresponding ports will be opened in the default priority order.

[0063] S6: Frequency fluctuation protection: After the L1 voltage transformer and frequency calculation circuit detect that the generator's input frequency fluctuation exceeds the preset range, it will immediately cut off the three outputs to prevent the frequency fluctuation from damaging the equipment. After the frequency stabilizes, it will automatically supply power to the equipment according to the set priority order.

[0064] S7: Overload protection: After the current consumption of the electrical equipment exceeds the preset range by the current transformers U2, U3, U4, and U5 and the current calculation circuit, the last connected load device will be shut down first. When the user changes the load, the system will automatically try to supply power to the newly connected device again.

[0065] S8: Short circuit protection: After the current transformers U1, U2, U3, U4, and U5, as well as the current calculation circuit, detect that the current of the electrical equipment increases instantaneously and reaches the preset short circuit level, the load equipment with the short circuit at the trigger port will be shut down first. When the user changes the load, the system will automatically try to supply power to the newly connected equipment again.

[0066] S9: Intelligent Switching of Multiple Devices: After setting the limit value of devices allowed to be used under mains power, the optocoupler detection circuit identifies whether a device is inserted into the port. If a device is inserted, the corresponding J2, J3, J4, and J5 relays are activated sequentially according to the insertion order to connect the electrical devices to the circuit. Then, based on the data obtained from the voltage, current, and frequency calculation circuit, the load is intelligently switched according to the principle of shutting down the last connected device first, ensuring that the first connected device operates first and that the total power does not exceed the rated load.

[0067] S10: Automatic recovery function after protection: After multiple devices are shut down due to total current overload, the device power at the time of overload shutdown will be automatically recorded. When the remaining power margin is greater than the recorded overload power, the port that was previously shut down due to total current exceeding the rated current will be automatically reopened to ensure that the device will not frequently restart due to previous reasons when the port is reopened. Or, when the user changes the load, there is no need to manually reset. The device will automatically detect the device connection or removal event and automatically restore power to the port of the replaced electrical device.

[0068] In this invention, centralized monitoring and control specifically means: by connecting multiple devices that need to be managed to a main control gate through a multi-machine-one-gate approach, centralized monitoring and control can be achieved;

[0069] Intelligent management specifically includes: real-time monitoring and data analysis, which involves using smart meters and monitoring systems to obtain the operating status and energy consumption of equipment in real time, and providing optimization suggestions through data analysis and prediction; as well as remote monitoring and alarm functions.

[0070] Specifically, the branch metering and control involves adopting a multi-user, multi-circuit scheme, which uses multi-circuit meters for different users to divide different loads into different circuits for separate metering and control, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying malicious loads. At the same time, a single-phase, single-input, multi-output meter scheme is adopted, where single-phase, single-input, three-output meters are installed in multi-user locations, and branched according to usage categories, with each branched circuit being metered and controlled separately.

[0071] Load identification and limitation specifically involves: identifying malicious loads on various devices by collecting and analyzing parameters such as current, voltage, and power factor, and automatically cutting off power when such loads are detected; automatically cutting off and reconnecting power based on the time of device use, and remotely controlling the on / off state through the background management system to handle emergencies; and setting the upper limit of the total power of the power supply line and the upper limit of the power of a single electrical device to limit the use of high-power devices.

[0072] In this invention, step S1 includes the following specific steps:

[0073] S101: Intelligent hardware and software system management; applying intelligent circuit breakers and power safety operation and management platforms to monitor equipment parameters such as current, voltage, and power in real time, automatically cut off abnormal power supplies, and remotely monitor and manage electrical equipment; installing smart meters to monitor the power consumption, voltage, and current of each circuit, uploading the data to centralized control equipment, and remotely controlling electrical equipment according to preset rules;

[0074] S102: Data acquisition and analysis; collect and analyze electricity consumption data, understand the electricity consumption of each device, identify anomalies and energy-saving issues, and provide accurate electricity management suggestions; monitor electricity consumption in real time, detect anomalies in a timely manner, and remotely manage electrical equipment through centralized control equipment;

[0075] S103: Power Manager Management; The power manager enables intelligent power control and management, provides multiple power output sockets to support real-time monitoring of input device power, enables cross-gateway control and management through PC client software, and allows for timed programming of power outputs to achieve fully automatic unattended power management.

[0076] S104: Embedded system and network communication transmission; Design a monitoring module with an embedded CPU as the core, and expand it with port board, digital input / output board and analog acquisition module, and realize centralized monitoring by communicating with the monitoring backend through the network.

[0077] In this invention, step S2 includes the following specific steps:

[0078] S201: Utilize smart meters, sensors and other devices to monitor parameters such as current, voltage and power of each device in real time, obtain electricity consumption data, and remotely control the switching and operating modes of the devices through a cloud platform or mobile application to achieve convenient management;

[0079] S202: Analyze historical electricity consumption data, identify peak and off-peak energy consumption, optimize equipment operating time, and use machine learning algorithms to predict future energy consumption and formulate reasonable electricity consumption plans.

[0080] S203: Based on the grid capacity and equipment demand, allocate power resources reasonably to avoid overload and arrange for high-power equipment to operate during low-load periods to reduce electricity costs;

[0081] S204: Monitor equipment status in real time, detect abnormalities in a timely manner, and send early warning information via SMS, email, etc. to quickly handle faults;

[0082] S205: Recycle and utilize waste heat and pressure generated during the production process, and automatically adjust the operating status of lighting, air conditioning and other equipment according to environmental changes to reduce waste;

[0083] S206: Monitors equipment load, automatically cuts off power to prevent overload, and detects leakage in real time to ensure electrical safety.

[0084] The branch metering method in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0085] S301: Select the metering circuit;

[0086] S302: Collect metering devices and data;

[0087] S303: Optimize the energy consumption splitting algorithm; for different types of electrical equipment in mixed branches, the energy consumption splitting technology is used to split and calculate the energy consumption, saving electricity meter resources while improving the accuracy of the sub-item energy consumption data.

[0088] In this invention, the branch control method in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] S3001: In centralized installation environments, a multi-user, multi-circuit solution is adopted to achieve branch metering and branch control, improving the accuracy of malicious load identification; and users are equipped with multi-circuit metering and control functions, and can set the parameters of each line individually to achieve independent control;

[0090] S3002: In non-centralized installation environments, a single-phase one-input three-output meter solution is applied, allowing users to be set up with one input and multiple outputs, enabling individual control, individual metering, and individual settings.

[0091] In this invention, the metering loop selection in step S301 specifically includes the following steps:

[0092] S3011: Total electricity consumption is directly metered; the number of three-phase meters and multi-function meters to be installed is determined according to the number of transformers. For example, if there are 2 transformers, install 2 multi-function meters and 2 three-phase meters.

[0093] S3012: Electricity consumption is metered by item; a combination of direct and indirect metering is used. Electricity for items such as air conditioning, power and special electricity is directly metered by installed electricity meters, while electricity for lighting and sockets is metered indirectly, that is, calculated by subtracting the electricity consumption of other directly metered items from the total electricity consumption.

[0094] S3013: Mixed Circuit Assignment; For circuits containing multiple electrical devices, their assignment is determined based on the equipment's operating time and rated power. The primary assignment should be for equipment that operates year-round. If the operating time is the same, the assignment is based on the rated power. If the equipment operates intermittently, the power is calculated by comparison.

[0095] In this invention, the metering device and data acquisition in step S302 specifically include the following steps:

[0096] S3021: Select an energy meter with an accuracy class of not less than 1.0, support remote data transmission and standard serial electrical interface, monitor active power or current, and use a current transformer with an accuracy class of not less than 0.5.

[0097] S3022: Use a data acquisition device to collect real-time data from various energy metering devices and automatically exchange data with the local system host or remote data center; the data acquisition device should have the characteristics of low power consumption and high reliability, and should have data acquisition, processing, storage and remote transmission functions.

[0098] In this invention, the load identification and limitation in step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0099] S401: Load Identification: The system employs current detection to monitor equipment current and compares it with the rated current to identify any malicious loads operating beyond their rated capacity; it also uses power limiting to restrict equipment power usage, considering any load exceeding the rated power as a malicious load; temperature detection to monitor wire temperature, with elevated temperatures potentially indicating malicious load usage; behavioral analysis to analyze user electricity consumption behavior and identify abnormal usage patterns; and neural network analysis to extract and analyze load characteristics for high-precision load identification.

[0100] S402: Load Limitation: Set power usage time periods, and automatically cut off power during unauthorized times to avoid overtime use; allow the use of specific malicious loads to improve management flexibility; set smart meters to automatically identify malicious loads and trip the circuit breaker to ensure power safety.

[0101] Working principle: This multi-device power management method under rated input can be directly installed at the output end of a distribution box or as a replacement for existing power strips. It distributes the user's rated input power to the output ports, giving each port a dynamic priority. All output ports can collect the power consumption information of the devices. By adopting this dynamic priority allocation method, multiple devices can be powered according to customer requirements, ensuring voltage, current, and frequency are within specified ranges and maximizing power utilization. Each port of the device has an independent detection and calculation circuit and can detect whether a load is connected. Compared to traditional power strips or similar devices on the market, this method has the advantage that when multiple devices are plugged in, if the total current exceeds the rated current, the device will preferentially shut down. The last port connected ensures that the total current does not exceed the rated current and that the previously connected devices continue to operate. The power of the port when the device that was turned off is recorded as P_OFF. The system monitors the available remaining power under the rated current in real time. When the power of the device on the already opened port decreases or is removed, the closed port will be reopened and the device will be allowed to work again only when the remaining power margin is greater than the P_OFF ​​of the previously closed but not removed device. This action will be repeated every time the total current of the device exceeds the rated current. However, if the power consumption of a single circuit exceeds the rated current, the port of the single circuit that is overloaded will be closed first, regardless of the load priority. Therefore, using this application will not cause the circuit breaker of the distribution box to trip or require manual reset.

[0102] The current output from the port is less than the rated current of the circuit breaker in the distribution box. Based on the port connection status, the device determines whether the equipment should be connected or removed. Power is only supplied to the equipment when it is connected, and the corresponding port power consumption is added to the total rated current determination. The device is shut down in advance before the equipment is overloaded, and the required power of the equipment is recorded. When the rated power of the entire system is sufficient and reaches the minimum power that can be turned on among the unremoved equipment, the equipment that meets the power requirement is connected first to maximize the power consumption of the equipment under the rated current condition. After the user connects the equipment to the port, no manual operation is required. The device will automatically identify the power demand of the equipment and ensure maximum power efficiency. Compared with the traditional method, this can better protect the normal operation of other high-priority equipment in the entire power system, ensure that the entire system operates below the rated current, and maximize the current consumption, making it safer and more reliable.

[0103] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0104] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input, characterized in that, include: AC voltage, current, and frequency acquisition module; Load start / stop module; Module for displaying voltage, current, frequency, and fault information; Communication expansion module; Microcontroller control module; port socket module; L1 voltage transformer; U2, U3, U4, U5 current transformers; J1, J2, J3, J4, J5 relays; IC1, IC2, IC3, IC4, IC5 isolation optocouplers; voltage, current, and frequency calculation circuit; MCU and control circuit group; It also includes the following steps: S1: Centralized monitoring and control; S2: Intelligent Management; S3: Branch metering and control; S4: Load identification and limiting; S5: Voltage fluctuation protection: After the L1 voltage transformer and voltage calculation circuit detect that the mains input voltage fluctuation exceeds the preset range, it will immediately cut off the 4 outputs and reset the priority to prevent voltage fluctuation from damaging the equipment. After the voltage stabilizes, the corresponding ports will be opened in the default priority order. S6: Frequency fluctuation protection: After the L1 voltage transformer and frequency calculation circuit detect that the generator's input frequency fluctuation exceeds the preset range, it will immediately cut off the three outputs to prevent the frequency fluctuation from damaging the equipment. After the frequency stabilizes, it will automatically supply power to the equipment according to the set priority order. S7: Overload protection: After the current consumption of the electrical equipment exceeds the preset range by the current transformers U2, U3, U4, and U5 and the current calculation circuit, the last connected load device will be shut down first. When the user changes the load, the system will automatically try to supply power to the newly connected device again. S8: Short circuit protection: After the current transformers U1, U2, U3, U4, and U5, as well as the current calculation circuit, detect that the current of the electrical equipment increases instantaneously and reaches the preset short circuit level, the load equipment with the short circuit at the trigger port will be shut down first. When the user changes the load, the system will automatically try to supply power to the newly connected equipment again. S9: Intelligent Switching of Multiple Devices: After setting the limit value of devices allowed to be used under mains power, the optocoupler detection circuit identifies whether a device is inserted into the port. If a device is inserted, the corresponding J2, J3, J4, and J5 relays are activated sequentially according to the insertion order to connect the electrical devices to the circuit. Then, based on the data obtained from the voltage, current, and frequency calculation circuit, the load is intelligently switched according to the principle of shutting down the last connected device first, ensuring that the first connected device operates first and that the total power does not exceed the rated load. S10: Automatic recovery function after protection: After multiple devices are shut down due to total current overload, the device power at the time of overload shutdown will be automatically recorded. When the remaining power margin is greater than the recorded overload power, the port that was previously shut down due to total current exceeding the rated current will be automatically reopened to ensure that the device will not frequently restart due to previous reasons when the port is reopened. Or, when the user changes the load, there is no need to manually reset. The device will automatically detect the device connection or removal event and automatically restore power to the port of the replaced electrical device.

2. The method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centralized monitoring and control specifically refers to connecting multiple devices that need to be managed to a main control gate through a multi-machine-one-gate approach to achieve centralized monitoring and control; Intelligent management specifically includes: real-time monitoring and data analysis, which involves using smart meters and monitoring systems to obtain the operating status and energy consumption of equipment in real time, and providing optimization suggestions through data analysis and prediction; as well as remote monitoring and alarm functions. Specifically, the branch metering and control involves adopting a multi-user, multi-circuit scheme, which uses multi-circuit meters for different users to divide different loads into different circuits for separate metering and control, thereby improving the accuracy of identifying malicious loads. At the same time, a single-phase, single-input, multi-output meter scheme is adopted, where single-phase, single-input, three-output meters are installed in multi-user locations, and branched according to usage categories, with each branched circuit being metered and controlled separately. Load identification and limitation specifically involves: identifying malicious loads on various devices by collecting and analyzing parameters such as current, voltage, and power factor, and automatically cutting off power when such loads are detected; automatically cutting off and reconnecting power based on the time of device use, and remotely controlling the on / off state through the background management system to handle emergencies; and setting the upper limit of the total power of the power supply line and the upper limit of the power of a single electrical device to limit the use of high-power devices.

3. The method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S1 includes the following specific steps: S101: Intelligent hardware and software system management; applying intelligent circuit breakers and power safety operation and management platforms to monitor equipment parameters such as current, voltage, and power in real time, automatically cut off abnormal power supplies, and remotely monitor and manage electrical equipment; installing smart meters to monitor the power consumption, voltage, and current of each circuit, uploading the data to centralized control equipment, and remotely controlling electrical equipment according to preset rules; S102: Data acquisition and analysis processing; Collect and analyze electricity consumption data to understand the electricity consumption of each device, identify anomalies and energy-saving issues, and provide precise electricity management suggestions; Real-time monitoring of electricity consumption, timely detection of abnormalities, and remote management of electrical equipment through centralized control devices; S103: Power Manager Management; Intelligent power control and management is achieved by using a power manager, providing multiple power output sockets to support real-time monitoring of input device power, enabling cross-gateway control and management through PC client software, and allowing timed programming of power outputs to achieve fully automatic unattended power management. S104: Embedded system and network communication transmission; Design a monitoring module with an embedded CPU as the core, and expand it with port board, digital input / output board and analog acquisition module, and realize centralized monitoring by communicating with the monitoring backend through the network.

4. The method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 includes the following specific steps: S201: Utilize smart meters, sensors and other devices to monitor parameters such as current, voltage and power of each device in real time, obtain electricity consumption data, and remotely control the switching and operating modes of the devices through a cloud platform or mobile application to achieve convenient management; S202: Analyze historical electricity consumption data, identify peak and off-peak energy consumption, optimize equipment operating time, and use machine learning algorithms to predict future energy consumption and formulate reasonable electricity consumption plans. S203: Based on the grid capacity and equipment demand, allocate power resources reasonably to avoid overload and arrange for high-power equipment to operate during low-load periods to reduce electricity costs; S204: Monitor equipment status in real time, detect abnormalities in a timely manner, and send early warning information via SMS, email, etc. to quickly handle faults; S205: Recycle and utilize waste heat and pressure generated during the production process, and automatically adjust the operating status of lighting, air conditioning and other equipment according to environmental changes to reduce waste; S206: Monitors equipment load, automatically cuts off power to prevent overload, and detects leakage in real time to ensure electrical safety. The branch metering method in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S301: Select the metering circuit; S302: Collect metering devices and data; S303: Optimize the energy consumption splitting algorithm; for different types of electrical equipment in mixed branches, the energy consumption splitting technology is used to split and calculate the energy consumption, saving electricity meter resources while improving the accuracy of the sub-item energy consumption data.

5. The method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 1, characterized in that, The branch control method in step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S3001: In centralized installation environments, a multi-user, multi-circuit solution is adopted to achieve branch metering and branch control, improving the accuracy of malicious load identification; and users are equipped with multi-circuit metering and control functions, and can set the parameters of each line individually to achieve independent control; S3002: In non-centralized installation environments, a single-phase one-input three-output meter solution is applied, allowing users to be set up with one input and multiple outputs, enabling individual control, individual metering, and individual settings.

6. The method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metering loop selection in step S301 specifically includes the following steps: S3011: Total electricity consumption is directly metered; the number of three-phase meters and multi-function meters to be installed is determined according to the number of transformers. For example, if there are 2 transformers, install 2 multi-function meters and 2 three-phase meters. S3012: Electricity consumption is metered by item; a combination of direct and indirect metering is used. Electricity for items such as air conditioning, power and special electricity is directly metered by installed electricity meters, while electricity for lighting and sockets is metered indirectly, that is, calculated by subtracting the electricity consumption of other directly metered items from the total electricity consumption. S3013: Mixed Circuit Assignment; For circuits containing multiple electrical devices, their assignment is determined based on the equipment's operating time and rated power. The primary assignment should be for equipment that operates year-round. If the operating time is the same, the assignment is based on the rated power. If the equipment operates intermittently, the power is calculated by comparison.

7. A method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 4, characterized in that, The metering device and data acquisition in step S302 specifically include the following steps: S3021: Select an energy meter with an accuracy class of not less than 1.0, support remote data transmission and standard serial electrical interface, monitor active power or current, and use a current transformer with an accuracy class of not less than 0.

5. S3022: Use a data acquisition device to collect real-time data from various energy metering devices and automatically exchange data with the local system host or remote data center; the data acquisition device should have the characteristics of low power consumption and high reliability, and should have data acquisition, processing, storage and remote transmission functions.

8. A method for managing the power consumption of multiple devices under rated input according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load identification and limitation in step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S401: Load Identification: The system employs current detection to monitor equipment current and compares it with the rated current to identify any malicious loads operating beyond their rated capacity; it also uses power limiting to restrict equipment power usage, considering any load exceeding the rated power as a malicious load; temperature detection to monitor wire temperature, as elevated temperatures may indicate malicious load usage; behavioral analysis to analyze user electricity consumption behavior and identify abnormal usage patterns; and neural network analysis to extract and analyze load characteristics for high-precision load identification. S402: Load Limitation: Set power usage time periods, and automatically cut off power during unauthorized times to avoid overtime use; allow the use of specific malicious loads to improve management flexibility; set smart meters to automatically identify malicious loads and trip the circuit breaker to ensure power safety.

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