Bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of animal feed, and particularly discloses a bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The additive consists of bamboo powder dietary fibers, a probiotic agent and a carrier, wherein probiotics are at least one of trichoderma, bacillus, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycetes. The preparation method comprises the steps of bamboo powder pretreatment, solid state fermentation, drying, mixing and the like. The product fully utilizes the prebiotics characteristics of the bamboo powder and the regulation effect of probiotics, can effectively improve the intestinal health of livestock and poultry, improve the feed utilization rate and reduce the breeding cost, can partially or completely replace antibiotics, and has the characteristics of greenness, safety and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal feed technology, and in particular to a bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the global livestock industry has shown a trend towards large-scale and intensive development. While meeting people's demand for livestock products, this has also brought a series of serious problems. The long-term and extensive use of antibiotics as feed additives in livestock farming, while playing a role in preventing animal diseases and promoting growth, has led to increasingly serious problems of bacterial resistance. The issue of antibiotic residues in livestock products is also not to be ignored. Long-term consumption of meat, eggs, and dairy products containing antibiotic residues may lead to damage to the human immune system, increased allergic reactions, and even serious consequences such as gene mutations.

[0003] To ensure food safety and public health, my country has fully implemented the "antibiotic ban in feed" policy. However, the livestock and poultry farming industry faces challenges such as the prevalence of intestinal diseases and declining production performance after the ban.

[0004] Against this backdrop, the development of green, safe, and efficient feed additives has become a research hotspot and urgent need in the field of animal feed technology. Dietary fiber, as an important prebiotic, can selectively stimulate the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria in the gut, improving the intestinal microecological environment. Bamboo powder, as a byproduct of bamboo processing, is widely available, inexpensive, and rich in dietary fiber, making it an ideal source of dietary fiber. Studies have shown that the dietary fiber in bamboo powder can promote intestinal peristalsis, reduce the residence time of harmful substances in the intestines, and lower the risk of intestinal diseases.

[0005] Probiotics can directly replenish beneficial bacteria in the gut, inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, and enhance intestinal immunity. For example, lactic acid bacteria can produce substances such as lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, which lower the pH value of the gut and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria; Bacillus can secrete a variety of enzymes to help livestock and poultry digest and absorb nutrients and improve feed utilization.

[0006] Therefore, this invention combines bamboo powder dietary fiber with specific probiotics to develop a compound feed additive with synergistic effects, providing a new solution for the sustainable development of livestock and poultry farming. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The feed additive of this invention enhances the immunity and disease resistance of livestock and poultry through biological regulation, reduces dependence on antibiotics, provides a healthy growth environment for livestock and poultry, and ensures the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products, thus meeting consumers' demand for green and healthy livestock and poultry products.

[0008] A bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 50-90% bamboo powder dietary fiber, 5-30% probiotic agent, and 5-20% carrier; the probiotic is at least one of Trichoderma, Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast; the carrier is used to regulate product flowability and ensure bacterial activity, and is selected from at least one of silica, maifanite powder, and montmorillonite.

[0009] Furthermore, the particle size of the bamboo powder dietary fiber is 80-200 mesh.

[0010] Furthermore, the probiotic is a compound microbial agent of Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis, with the ratio of live bacteria of Trichoderma to Bacillus subtilis being 1:1 to 3:1, and the total number of live bacteria in the compound microbial agent being not less than 1.0×10^9 CFU / g.

[0011] Furthermore, the bamboo powder dietary fiber is derived from bamboo processing by-products, including at least one of bamboo shavings, bamboo nodes, and bamboo branches, and is pretreated to remove impurities, wherein the cellulose content is ≥60%, the hemicellulose content is 15-25%, and the lignin content is ≤15%.

[0012] A method for preparing bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive, comprising the following steps:

[0013] (1) Bamboo powder pretreatment: The by-products of bamboo processing are crushed and passed through an 80-200 mesh sieve to obtain bamboo powder. Then, hot air drying is carried out until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then microwave sterilization is carried out. The sterilization power is 500-800W and the sterilization time is 5-10min.

[0014] (2) Solid-state fermentation: Mix the bamboo powder obtained in step (1) with nutrients and water, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 45-55%. The amount of nutrients added is 10-30% of the weight of bamboo powder. The nutrients are at least two of the following: wheat bran, soybean meal, and molasses. After mixing, autoclave at 121℃ for 20-30 minutes. After cooling to 25-30℃, inoculate with probiotics. The inoculation amount is 3-8% of the weight of the mixture. Then place it in a fermentation tank at 25-37℃ for static fermentation for 48-120 hours. Stir once every 24 hours during the fermentation process to ensure uniform fermentation.

[0015] (3) Drying and mixing: The fermentation product is dried by vacuum drying or fluidized bed drying, with the drying temperature controlled at 40-50℃, until the moisture content is less than 10%. After cooling to room temperature, it is mixed evenly with the carrier. The mixing speed is 300-500r / min and the mixing time is 15-20min to obtain the feed additive.

[0016] Furthermore, in step (2), when the nutrients are a mixture of wheat bran, soybean meal, and molasses, the weight ratio of the three is 5:3:2; the probiotic strains need to be cultured in seed liquid before inoculation. The seed liquid culture medium is LB medium, the culture temperature is 28-32℃, the shaking speed is 180-220r / min, and the culture time is 18-24 hours to ensure that the number of viable bacteria in the seed liquid is ≥1.0×10^8CFU / mL.

[0017] Furthermore, in step (3), the vacuum degree of vacuum drying is -0.08 to -0.09 MPa, and the drying time is 8-12 hours; the inlet air temperature of fluidized bed drying is 45-50℃, the outlet air temperature is 30-35℃, and the air velocity is 1.2-1.5m / s.

[0018] The application of a bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive in the preparation of livestock and poultry feed, wherein the livestock and poultry include pigs, chickens, ducks, cattle, and sheep.

[0019] Furthermore, when the livestock or poultry are weaned piglets, the amount of feed additive added to the compound feed is 0.3%-0.5%; when the livestock or poultry are laying hens, the amount added is 0.2%-0.4%; and when the livestock or poultry are beef cattle, the amount added is 0.5%-1.0%.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] 1. Synergistic Effect: Bamboo powder dietary fiber, as a prebiotic, can continuously provide nutritional support for probiotics. In the animal intestines, bamboo powder dietary fiber is fermented and utilized by probiotics. The short-chain fatty acids and other substances produced can provide energy for the growth and reproduction of probiotics, prolonging their colonization and duration of action in the intestines. Probiotics, in turn, can promote the decomposition and utilization of bamboo powder, breaking down large molecules in bamboo powder into smaller molecules through secreted enzymes, making them easier for livestock and poultry to absorb. At the same time, the beneficial metabolites produced by probiotics during their growth process synergistically work with the beneficial effects of bamboo powder dietary fiber to maintain the balance of the intestinal microecology and enhance the intestinal health of livestock and poultry.

[0022] 2. Highly Effective Antibiotic Alternative: The feed additive of this invention effectively inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogens through bioregulation. Probiotics form a dominant flora in the intestines, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria by competing for nutrients and adhesion sites. Trichoderma's broad-spectrum antibacterial activity can directly inhibit a variety of pathogens. In this way, it can prevent the occurrence of intestinal diseases such as diarrhea in livestock and poultry, reduce dependence on antibiotics, lower the risk of bacterial resistance, and ensure the quality and safety of livestock and poultry products.

[0023] 3. Improved Production Performance: Improved gut health helps enhance livestock's ability to digest and absorb nutrients. In the additive of this invention, the various enzymes produced by probiotics can help livestock better digest nutrients such as protein, fat, and carbohydrates in feed, thereby improving feed conversion rate.

[0024] 4. Green and Environmentally Friendly: This invention fully utilizes bamboo industry byproducts, transforming previously wasteful bamboo processing residues into valuable feed additives, achieving effective resource utilization and turning waste into treasure. Furthermore, the product leaves no drug residues during use, causing no environmental pollution, aligning with the concepts of green farming and sustainable development, and contributing to the green transformation of animal husbandry. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Example 1:

[0029] Take 100 kg of bamboo powder (passed through a 100-mesh sieve), add 20 kg of wheat bran and appropriate amount of water to adjust the moisture content to 50%, stir evenly, and then autoclave at 121℃ for 30 minutes. After cooling to room temperature, inoculate with 5 L of seed liquid containing Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis (ratio 1:1) and mix thoroughly. Place in a solid-state fermenter at 30℃ and ferment for 72 hours. Vacuum dry the fermentation product at 45℃ until the moisture content is <8%, then mix evenly with 10 kg of silica carrier, pulverize and pass through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a finished additive with a viable count ≥2.0 × 10^9 CFU / g.

[0030] Application trial in weaned piglet diets

[0031] 1. Experimental Design: To comprehensively evaluate the effect of the feed additive of the present invention in actual breeding, 200 weaned piglets aged 28 days were selected. These piglets had similar weights, all within the range of (8.5±0.5) kg, and were in good health. They were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups, with 5 replicates in each treatment group, and each replicate containing 10 pigs.

[0032] Control group: fed a basal diet without any antibiotics or the feed additives of this invention, serving as a blank control to compare the experimental effects with other groups and reflect the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets under normal feeding conditions.

[0033] Antibiotic group: fed a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg / kg of chlortetracycline. Chlortetracycline, a commonly used antibiotic additive, has been widely applied in livestock and poultry farming to promote growth and prevent disease. This experiment uses it as a reference to compare the differences between the feed additive of this invention and traditional antibiotic additives in improving the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets.

[0034] Experiment 1: Piglets were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0.3% of the bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive of this invention. This group aimed to investigate the effects of a lower dosage of the additive of this invention on weaned piglets and to evaluate its feasibility and effectiveness in practical applications.

[0035] Experiment 2: Feeding piglets with a basal diet supplemented with 0.5% of the feed additive of this invention. This group was set up to study the effects of higher dosages of the additive on the growth performance and intestinal health of weaned piglets, analyze the relationship between dosage and effect, and provide a basis for determining the optimal dosage in actual production.

[0036] During the experiment, all piglets were raised under identical environmental conditions with free access to feed and water. Temperature, humidity, and ventilation were strictly controlled to ensure a consistent environment for piglets in all treatment groups, minimizing the interference of environmental factors on the experimental results. Piglets were vaccinated and dewormed according to standard procedures to ensure their health was not affected by other diseases, thus making the experimental results more reliable and convincing.

[0037] 2. Experimental Results:

[0038] Growth performance data: The growth performance data of weaned piglets in each experimental group were recorded and analyzed in detail. The specific data are shown in Table 1 below:

[0039] Table 1. Effects on growth performance of weaned piglets

[0040] Group Initial body weight (kg) Final weight (kg) Average daily weight gain (g) Material weight ratio control group 8.52±0.06 21.05±0.45 447.5±15.8 1.65±0.03 antibiotic group 8.49±0.07 22.88±0.38 513.9±13.5 1.47±0.02 Experiment 1 Group 8.51±0.05 23.10±0.41 520.4±14.7 1.46±0.02 Experiment 2 group 8.53±0.08 23.65±0.36 540.0±12.9 1.43±0.02

[0041] Table 1 clearly shows that the control group piglets had the lowest average daily weight gain (447.5±15.8g) and the highest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.65±0.03). This indicates that without any growth-promoting or antibacterial substances, weaned piglets grew slowly and had low feed utilization. The antibiotic group had an average daily weight gain of 513.9±13.5g and a FCR of 1.47±0.02, showing a significant improvement in growth performance compared to the control group. After adding the feed additive of this invention, the average daily weight gain of experimental groups 1 and 2 reached 520.4±14.7g and 540.0±12.9g, respectively, both higher than the antibiotic group; their FCRs were 1.46±0.02 and 1.43±0.02, respectively, both lower than the antibiotic group. Experimental group 2 had the highest average daily weight gain and the lowest FCR, indicating that within a certain range, the increase in the amount of feed additive of this invention significantly improved the growth performance of weaned piglets and resulted in higher feed utilization.

[0042] Gut health data: Meanwhile, gut health-related data of weaned piglets in each experimental group were detected and statistically analyzed. The results are shown in Table 2 below:

[0043] Table 2. Effects on gut health of weaned piglets

[0044] Group Diarrhea rate (%) Lactic acid bacteria (log10 CFU / g) control group 8.42±1.05 7.12±0.25 6.88±0.31 antibiotic group 3.15±0.68 7.35±0.21 6.05±0.26 Experiment 1 Group 2.89±0.61 7.89±0.28 5.92±0.29 Experiment 2 group 1.83±0.45 8.15±0.24 5.61±0.22

[0045] As shown in Table 2, the diarrhea rate in the control group was as high as 8.42±1.05%, with relatively low levels of lactic acid bacteria (7.12±0.25 log10 CFU / g) and high levels of Escherichia coli (6.88±0.31 log10 CFU / g). This indicates that the intestinal health of the piglets in the control group was poor, making them susceptible to intestinal diseases. In contrast, the diarrhea rate in the antibiotic group decreased to 3.15±0.68%, with an increase in lactic acid bacteria and a decrease in Escherichia coli, suggesting that antibiotics can improve intestinal health to some extent. After adding the feed additive of this invention to experimental groups 1 and 2, the diarrhea rate further decreased to 2.89±0.61% and 1.83±0.45%, respectively; the number of lactic acid bacteria significantly increased to 7.89±0.28log10 CFU / g and 8.15±0.24log10 CFU / g, respectively; and the number of Escherichia coli significantly decreased to 5.92±0.29log10 CFU / g and 5.61±0.22log10 CFU / g, respectively. Experimental group 2 had the lowest diarrhea rate, the highest number of lactic acid bacteria, and the lowest number of Escherichia coli, indicating that the feed additive of this invention can more effectively improve the intestinal flora balance of weaned piglets, reduce the diarrhea rate, and maintain intestinal health, with the effect becoming more significant with increasing dosage.

[0046] Based on the above data on growth performance and gut health, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0047] The bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive of this invention can significantly improve the growth performance of weaned piglets. Compared with the control group, the experimental group of piglets with the additive of this invention showed a significant increase in average daily weight gain and a significant decrease in feed conversion ratio, indicating that piglets can achieve higher growth rate and weight gain with the same feed intake, and feed utilization is effectively improved. The additive of this invention also shows significant effects in improving intestinal health. By regulating the balance of intestinal flora, increasing the number of beneficial bacteria such as lactic acid bacteria, and inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli, it effectively reduces the diarrhea rate of weaned piglets and maintains a healthy intestinal environment. Compared with the antibiotic group, the additive of this invention performs better in increasing the average daily weight gain of weaned piglets and reducing the feed conversion ratio, and also has significant advantages in reducing the diarrhea rate and regulating intestinal flora. This fully demonstrates that the feed additive of this invention can not only effectively replace antibiotics and play a role in promoting growth and maintaining intestinal health, but also has unique advantages in being green, safe, and efficient, with broad application prospects and promotional value, providing strong technical support for the sustainable development of livestock and poultry farming.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive, characterized in that... It is composed of the following components by weight percentage: 50-90% bamboo powder dietary fiber, 5-30% probiotic agent, and 5-20% carrier; the probiotic is at least one of Trichoderma, Bacillus, lactic acid bacteria, and yeast; the carrier is used to regulate the flowability of the product and ensure the activity of the bacteria, and is selected from at least one of silica, maifanite powder, and montmorillonite.

2. The bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo powder dietary fiber has a particle size of 80-200 mesh.

3. The bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probiotic is a compound microbial agent of Trichoderma and Bacillus subtilis, with the ratio of live bacteria of Trichoderma to Bacillus subtilis being 1:1 to 3:1, and the total number of live bacteria in the compound microbial agent being not less than 1.0×10^9 CFU / g.

4. The bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bamboo powder dietary fiber is derived from bamboo processing by-products, including at least one of bamboo shavings, bamboo nodes, and bamboo branches, and is pretreated to remove impurities. The fiber content is ≥60%, hemicellulose content is 15-25%, and lignin content is ≤15%.

5. A method for preparing bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive as described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Bamboo powder pretreatment: The by-products of bamboo processing are crushed and passed through an 80-200 mesh sieve to obtain bamboo powder. Then, hot air drying is carried out until the moisture content is ≤12%, and then microwave sterilization is carried out. The sterilization power is 500-800W and the sterilization time is 5-10min. (2) Solid-state fermentation: Mix the bamboo powder obtained in step (1) with nutrients and water, and adjust the moisture content of the mixture to 45-55%. The amount of nutrients added is 10-30% of the weight of bamboo powder. The nutrients are at least two of the following: wheat bran, soybean meal, and molasses. After mixing, autoclave at 121℃ for 20-30 minutes. After cooling to 25-30℃, inoculate with probiotics. The inoculation amount is 3-8% of the weight of the mixture. Then place it in a fermentation tank at 25-37℃ for static fermentation for 48-120 hours. Stir once every 24 hours during the fermentation process to ensure uniform fermentation. (3) Drying and mixing: The fermentation product is dried by vacuum drying or fluidized bed drying, with the drying temperature controlled at 40-50℃, until the moisture content is less than 10%. After cooling to room temperature, it is mixed evenly with the carrier. The mixing speed is 300-500r / min and the mixing time is 15-20min to obtain the feed additive.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (2), when the nutrients are a mixture of wheat bran, soybean meal, and molasses, the weight ratio of the three is 5:3:

2. The probiotic strains need to be cultured in seed liquid before inoculation. The seed liquid culture medium is LB medium, the culture temperature is 28-32℃, the shaking speed is 180-220r / min, and the culture time is 18-24 hours to ensure that the number of viable bacteria in the seed liquid is ≥1.0×10^8CFU / mL.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), the vacuum degree of vacuum drying is -0.08 to -0.09 MPa, and the drying time is 8-12 hours; the inlet air temperature of fluidized bed drying is 45-50℃, the outlet air temperature is 30-35℃, and the air velocity is 1.2-1.5m / s.

8. The application of the bamboo powder dietary fiber probiotic feed additive as described in any one of claims 1-4 in the preparation of livestock and poultry feed, characterized in that, The livestock and poultry include pigs, chickens, ducks, cattle, and sheep.

9. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the livestock or poultry are weaned piglets, the amount of feed additive added to the compound feed is 0.3%-0.5%; when the livestock or poultry are laying hens, the amount added is 0.2%-0.4%; and when the livestock or poultry are beef cattle, the amount added is 0.5%-1.0%.

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