Craniocerebral compliance monitoring method and device based on intracranial pressure difference

Abstract

The invention discloses a brain compliance monitoring method and a brain compliance monitoring device based on intracranial pressure difference, which are used for solving the problem of difficulty in monitoring brain tissue compliance (ICC) in the prior art. According to the method, the ventricular pressure (ICP-v) is obtained through the ventricular drainage tube (EVD), meanwhile, the frontal lobe brain tissue pressure (ICP-p) is measured through the brain parenchyma probe, and the reciprocal K of the difference value between the ventricular pressure (ICP-v) and the frontal lobe brain tissue pressure (ICP-p) is calculated to serve as a compliance index (K is larger than 0.5 and indicates that compliance becomes poor). The device comprises an EVD, a brain parenchyma probe, a pressure converter and a display screen, wherein the display screen can display ICP-v, ICP-p and K values in real time. Clinical verification shows that the method is high in consistency with a traditional intracranial pressure waveform method (the thickness consistency rate is 87.81%), operation is easy and convenient, numerical values are visual, the method is suitable for monitoring the compliance of brain tissue, and a new tool is provided for assessment of the craniocerebral compensatory ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of brain tissue compliance monitoring technology, and in particular to a method and device for monitoring brain compliance based on intracranial pressure differential. Background Technology

[0002] Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, which measures pressure at a specific moment to represent the overall ICP of the brain, has been subject to debate. Different sources and locations of ICP can lead to different measurements; for example, intraventricular ICP measurements differ from brain tissue ICP measurements, a fact confirmed by numerous studies. Theoretically, the pressure at any point within the cranial cavity should differ from that at other points, especially under pathological conditions where it is non-uniform.

[0003] Intracranial compliance (ICC) is an important parameter reflecting the brain's compensatory capacity. Existing methods for monitoring ICC include the intracranial hydrops (invasive method) and non-invasive methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRE) of brain and spinal cord tissue elasticity and intracranial pressure waveform analysis. Invasive methods are invasive and may worsen the patient's condition, making them difficult to apply clinically, especially in critically ill neurological patients. MRI monitoring is also unsuitable for transporting critically ill patients and cannot monitor changes in real time. Monitoring ICC changes in critically ill neurological patients in the intensive care unit is extremely difficult, yet ICC is crucial for interpreting the patient's condition and predicting prognosis.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the problem of the difficulty in monitoring ICC, this invention proposes a method and device for monitoring cranial compliance based on intracranial pressure difference. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method and device for monitoring brain compliance based on intracranial pressure gradient, so as to solve the problem that it is difficult to monitor brain tissue compliance in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A method for monitoring brain compliance based on intracranial pressure difference includes obtaining intracranial pressure ICP-v in the ventricles through a ventricular drainage tube, obtaining intracranial pressure ICP-p in the frontal lobe brain tissue through a brain parenchyma probe, and using the reciprocal K of the difference between intracranial pressure ICP-v in the ventricles and intracranial pressure ICP-p in the frontal lobe brain tissue to reflect the magnitude of brain tissue compliance. A condition is defined as brain tissue compliance deteriorating when the absolute value of K is greater than 0.5.

[0008] A brain compliance monitoring device based on intracranial pressure differential includes a ventricular drainage tube, a brain parenchyma probe, and a display screen. The ventricular drainage tube is connected to a pressure transducer. The ventricular drainage tube is used to measure the intracranial pressure ICP-v within the ventricles and to drain cerebrospinal fluid to reduce intracranial pressure. The pressure transducer is used to convert the pressure of the ventricular drainage tube into an electrical signal and display it on the display screen in real time. The brain parenchyma probe is used to measure the intracranial pressure ICP-p in the frontal lobe brain tissue. The display screen is used to display the ICP-v, ICP-p values, and the reciprocal K of the difference between ICP-v and ICP-p.

[0009] Furthermore, the brain parenchyma probe is a fiber optic probe.

[0010] Furthermore, the sensitive area, which includes a pressure sensor, is located 4cm from the tip of the brain parenchyma probe and must be completely embedded.

[0011] The principle and beneficial effects of this technical solution: The method of this invention determines the degree of brain tissue compliance by monitoring the reciprocal of the difference between the intraventricular ICP and the ICP of the frontal lobe brain tissue. Subsequent clinical observation studies have demonstrated that this method has a high degree of consistency with traditional methods. Compared to traditional methods, this method uses specific numerical values ​​to determine the degree of brain tissue compliance, making it more intuitive. This method is convenient to operate, requiring no cumbersome procedures, and allows for real-time bedside monitoring of ICC trends. Furthermore, the ventricular drainage device can also drain cerebrospinal fluid to reduce intracranial pressure. Brain tissue compliance can be determined solely through numerical calculations, solving the problem of difficulty in monitoring ICC changes during diagnosis and treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the existing intracranial pressure waveform method for assessing brain tissue compliance;

[0013] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of ICP-v and ICP-p data in a patient with progressive hydrocephalus;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation method of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a device designed based on the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0017] First, existing research indicates that changes in intracranial pressure waveforms can determine brain tissue compliance, i.e. Figure 1 As shown, compliance deteriorates when P2 (tidal wave) is greater than P1 (striking wave) on the waveform.

[0018] We simultaneously monitored and compared intraventricular ICP (ICP-v) and frontal lobe ICP (ICP-v), and the specific results are shown in Table 1:

[0019] Table 1. Comparison of intraventricular ICP (ICP-v) and frontal lobe ICP (ICP-p)

[0020]

[0021] Note: ABS: Absolute value; EVD: External ventricular drainage; ICP: Intracranial pressure; IPM: Intracerebral parenchymal monitoring; *, ICP unit is mmHg.

[0022] According to Table 1, we found that there are certain differences between the two.

[0023] To further determine the relationship between the two, we monitored intraventricular ICP (ICP-v) and frontal lobe ICP (ICP-p) in a patient with progressive hydrocephalus, as detailed below. Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring data showed that ICC worsened with increasing ICP, which was in good agreement with the changes in intracranial pressure pulse waveform (ICPWW). Furthermore, we found that the reciprocal K of the intracranial pressure difference can be used to reflect the degree of brain tissue compliance.

[0024] Based on our extensive clinical experience, we have determined that when the absolute value of K is greater than 0.5, brain tissue compliance can be considered to be impaired.

[0025] To further verify the effectiveness and consistency of the method of the present invention, relevant data were collected from clinical cases, and the method of the present invention and the traditional intracranial pressure waveform method were compared in terms of judging brain tissue compliance. The specific data are shown in Table 2:

[0026] Table 2. Consistency Analysis of Intracranial Pressure Waveform Method and Intracranial Pressure Difference Reciprocal Method in Judging Brain Tissue Compliance

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] The table shows that the two methods for assessing brain compliance are in good agreement, with a crude agreement rate of 87.81% (95% CI, 75.41–95.27%) and a K value of 0.712 (95% CI, 0.476–0.948).

[0030] Based on the above findings, this invention proposes a method for monitoring intracranial compliance based on intracranial pressure gradient, the calculation method of which is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the method includes obtaining intracranial pressure ICP-v in the ventricle through a ventricle drainage tube, obtaining intracranial pressure ICP-p in the frontal lobe brain tissue through a brain parenchyma probe, and using the reciprocal K of the difference between intracranial pressure ICP-v in the ventricle and intracranial pressure ICP-p in the frontal lobe brain tissue to reflect the magnitude of brain tissue compliance. It is set that when the absolute value of K is greater than 0.5, brain tissue compliance is considered to be poor.

[0031] Based on the above-mentioned method for monitoring intracranial compliance, this invention proposes a device for monitoring intracranial compliance based on intracranial pressure gradient, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the device includes a ventricular drainage tube, a brain parenchyma probe, and a display screen. The ventricular drainage tube is connected to a pressure transducer. The ventricular drainage tube is used to measure intracranial pressure (ICP-v) within the ventricles and to drain cerebrospinal fluid to reduce intracranial pressure. The pressure transducer converts the pressure from the ventricular drainage tube into an electrical signal and displays it on the display screen in real time. The brain parenchyma probe is used to measure intracranial pressure (ICP-p) in the frontal lobe of the brain. The probe type of the brain parenchyma probe is a fiber optic probe. The sensitive area is 4 cm from the tip of the probe, which contains a pressure sensor. This area must be completely implanted into the brain tissue to ensure accurate pressure measurement. The display screen displays the ICP-v and ICP-p values, as well as the reciprocal K of the difference between ICP-v and ICP-p.

[0032] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common technical solutions or characteristics known in the schemes are not described in detail here. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring intracranial compliance based on intracranial pressure gradient, characterized in that: This includes obtaining intracranial pressure (ICP-v) within the ventricles through a ventricular drainage tube, and intracranial pressure (ICP-p) in the frontal lobe brain tissue through a brain parenchyma probe. The reciprocal K of the difference between intracranial pressure (ICP-v) within the ventricles and intracranial pressure (ICP-p) in the frontal lobe brain tissue is used to reflect the magnitude of brain tissue compliance. When the absolute value of K is greater than 0.5, brain tissue compliance is considered to be poor.

2. A device for monitoring intracranial compliance based on intracranial pressure gradient, characterized in that: The device includes a ventricular drainage tube, a brain parenchyma probe, and a display screen. The ventricular drainage tube is connected to a pressure transducer. The ventricular drainage tube is used to measure intracranial pressure (ICP-v) within the ventricles and to drain cerebrospinal fluid to reduce intracranial pressure. The pressure transducer is used to convert the pressure from the ventricular drainage tube into an electrical signal and display it on the display screen in real time. The brain parenchyma probe is used to measure intracranial pressure (ICP-p) in the frontal lobe brain tissue. The display screen is used to display the ICP-v, ICP-p values, and the reciprocal K of the difference between ICP-v and ICP-p.

3. The intracranial compliance monitoring device based on intracranial pressure differential according to claim 2, characterized in that: The brain parenchyma probe is a fiber optic probe.

4. The intracranial compliance monitoring device based on intracranial pressure difference according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensitive area, which includes a pressure sensor, is located 4cm from the front end of the brain parenchyma probe and must be completely embedded.

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