A hydraulic tooling for welding

Abstract

This application provides a hydraulic fixture for welding, belonging to the field of welding fixture technology. It includes a placement platform and a gantry frame. Displacement components are provided on both sides of the placement platform to support and drive the movement of the gantry frame. A hydraulic positioning mechanism is provided on the gantry frame. Multiple sets of symmetrical centering and positioning mechanisms are provided on the placement platform for adjusting the posture of short steel beams and clamping and fixing them. Each centering and positioning mechanism includes a mounting base and a driving component. A first pressure plate and a second pressure plate are hinged to the mounting base, and a pull plate is hinged to the middle of both the first and second pressure plates. A second hydraulic cylinder is also provided on the mounting base. By setting multiple sets of symmetrical centering and positioning mechanisms on the placement platform, the horizontal centering and alignment, vertical clamping, and contact with the base plate of the short steel beams can be automatically completed, replacing manual labor, ultimately achieving rapid placement and precise positioning of the short steel beams.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of welding tooling technology, and more specifically to a hydraulic tooling for welding. Background Technology

[0002] As a core load-bearing component for loading, protecting and transferring goods, cargo containers are commonly used in road freight, logistics transfer, and industrial production material transfer scenarios. Their structural design and functional characteristics directly affect transportation efficiency, cargo safety and scenario adaptability.

[0003] The production process of cargo boxes mainly covers core procedures such as sheet metal cutting, component forming, welding and assembly, surface treatment, and functional component installation. Among these, the welding and assembly process is the key to determining the structural strength, dimensional accuracy, and load-bearing stability of the cargo box, directly affecting its service life and safety performance. Since the cargo box body is mostly made of metal materials such as steel plates and alloy plates, the welding operation places strict requirements on positioning accuracy, welding strength, and work efficiency. The cargo box floor typically consists of a load-bearing plate, several horizontally parallel short steel beams, and longitudinally arranged long steel beams above the short steel beams. The short and long steel beams are arranged perpendicularly and staggered and firmly connected, forming a cross-beam load-bearing structure that provides reliable mechanical support for the cargo box.

[0004] Existing welding fixtures for cargo box floor plates typically consist of a placement platform, a gantry frame, and a hydraulic positioning mechanism. The gantry frame is movably mounted on the placement platform, and multiple hydraulic positioning mechanisms are installed on the gantry frame via sliding connections. In use, the load-bearing plate is first placed on the placement platform, then short steel beams are placed horizontally parallel to the load-bearing plate. Next, long steel beams are placed longitudinally on top of the short steel beams, forming a beam-like structure. Finally, the positions of the gantry frame and hydraulic positioning mechanisms are adjusted, and pressure is applied to the top of the long steel beams using the hydraulic positioning mechanism to achieve the positioning of the entire assembled structure.

[0005] Regarding the aforementioned technical solution, during the base plate assembly stage, multiple short steel beams must first be placed and preliminarily positioned according to design standards, and then the long steel beams are placed on top of the short steel beams (the bottom of the long steel beams has pre-set slots for engaging with the short steel beams). Currently, the positioning of the short steel beams mainly relies on manual operation. Workers need to use measuring tools to calibrate and adjust the position of each short steel beam one by one to ensure that the slots at the bottom of the long steel beams can accurately engage with the short steel beams. This step is time-consuming and is affected by differences in the operators' measuring techniques and work fatigue, making it difficult to maintain stable positioning accuracy. Deviations can easily lead to incomplete engagement between the long steel beam slots and the short steel beams, requiring additional time for rework and adjustment. This not only reduces the efficiency of the initial base plate assembly but also severely restricts the overall processing efficiency of the cargo box. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, this application provides a hydraulic tooling for welding, which is mainly used to solve the problem that in the prior art, the bottom plate of the cargo box needs to spend a long time positioning before welding, and the positioning accuracy is difficult to guarantee, which leads to low overall processing efficiency of the cargo box.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a hydraulic tooling for welding, comprising a placement platform and a gantry frame. Displacement components are provided on both sides of the placement platform to support and drive the gantry frame. A hydraulic positioning mechanism is provided on the gantry frame. Multiple sets of symmetrical centering and positioning mechanisms are provided on the placement platform to adjust the posture of the short steel beam and clamp and fix it. The centering and positioning mechanism includes a mounting base and a driving component. A first pressure plate and a second pressure plate are hinged to the mounting base. Pull plates are hinged to the middle of both the first and second pressure plates. A second hydraulic cylinder is also provided on the mounting base, with a movable plate fixedly connected to its output end. Two pull plates are respectively hinged to the two sides of the movable plate. A cross arm is provided at the top of the mounting base, with an upper pressure plate at one end. The upper pressure plate has a wedge-shaped structure that slopes downwards towards the mounting base to cooperate with the first and second pressure plates to clamp and position the short steel beam.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the bearing plate to be welded is first moved to the preset position on the placement platform and positioned. Then, short steel beams are placed one by one in the designated welding area of ​​the bearing plate, ensuring that each short steel beam is in the middle area of ​​the two sets of symmetrical centering and positioning mechanisms. Next, the two sets of centering and positioning mechanisms corresponding to the short steel beams move towards each other in the horizontal direction until the short steel beams are centered and aligned in the horizontal direction. Then, the first and second pressure plates slowly rotate around the connection point, gradually increasing the opening between them. At this time, the two sets of centering and positioning mechanisms move towards the short steel beams. During this process, the first and second pressure plates are always in contact with the sides of the short steel beams to prevent the short steel beams from shifting. Until the upper pressure plate contacts the top of the short steel beam, the upper pressure plate applies vertical downward pressure to the short steel beam using its own wedge structure, forcing the short steel beam to fit tightly against the bearing plate. The inner walls of both pressure plates are in contact with the sides of the short steel beams, which can provide auxiliary horizontal restraint for the short steel beams. Compared to traditional manual positioning methods, this fixture only requires the short steel beam to be initially placed in the designated area, and it can automatically complete the centering, clamping and limiting operations without repeated manual calibration. This not only significantly shortens the positioning time, but also avoids human operation errors, effectively ensuring the positioning accuracy of the short steel beam, thereby improving the overall welding processing efficiency of the cargo box.

[0009] Optionally, a gas splitter is provided at the bottom of both the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate. The gas splitter is provided with multiple gas nozzles arranged in a linear pattern and a gas pipe is provided on the gas splitter.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, external airflow is introduced into the gas distributor through an air pipe, and then blown out in a designated direction through an air nozzle. The blown airflow can remove impurities between the short steel beam and the base plate, maintaining a good welding condition at the contact surface and thus helping to improve welding quality. At the same time, with the help of rotatable first and second pressure plates, the airflow direction can be flexibly adjusted, thereby expanding the impurity removal range and making operation more convenient.

[0011] Optionally, the top of the mounting base is provided with a connecting sleeve, the cross arm is inserted into the connecting sleeve, a cross bar is provided above the connecting sleeve, and insert rods are provided on both sides of the bottom of the cross bar. Multiple insertion holes that are adapted to the insert rods are provided on both sides of the cross arm, and a spring is provided between the connecting sleeve and the cross bar.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the position of the upper pressure plate can be adjusted according to actual usage needs to ensure that it always maintains a good limiting effect; at the same time, the structure can be adapted to short steel beams of different sizes within a certain range, which not only significantly improves operational flexibility, but also has high practical value.

[0013] Optionally, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the placement platform, and two symmetrically distributed connecting rods are provided on the side of the mounting base near the connecting plate, with the connecting rods slidably sleeved on the connecting plate.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting base drives the connecting rod to move, so that the connecting rod and the connecting plate move relative to each other; this mating structure can prevent the mounting base from tilting during displacement and effectively improve the stability of the mounting base when moving.

[0015] Optionally, the bottom of the mounting base is rotatably connected to multiple rollers.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the sliding friction between the mounting base and the placement platform can be transformed into rolling friction: this can reduce the moving resistance of the mounting base, making its movement smoother, and also help reduce component wear and extend the service life of the mounting base.

[0017] Optionally, the driving component includes a fixed frame and a third hydraulic cylinder, the third hydraulic cylinder being fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed frame, and its output end being fixedly connected to the mounting base.

[0018] Optionally, the displacement assembly includes a side frame mounted on the placement platform, a support plate on the top of the side frame, a slide rail and a gear plate on the top of the support plate, a gantry frame slidably connected to the slide rail, a second motor mounted on the gantry frame, and a gear on the output shaft of the second motor meshing with the gear plate.

[0019] Optionally, the support plate is provided with two slide rails, which are symmetrically distributed on the support plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the contact area between the gantry and the support plate is increased. The larger contact area can disperse the force between the two, reduce local stress concentration, and make the connection more reliable. At the same time, the balanced contact force can suppress the offset or swaying of the gantry when it moves, effectively improving its stability during the movement process.

[0021] Optionally, the hydraulic positioning mechanism includes a mounting frame and a first hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame. Rotary shafts are rotatably connected to both sides of the top of the mounting frame. A first motor is fixedly mounted on one side of the mounting frame. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft on one side of the mounting frame to drive the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis.

[0022] Optionally, the support plate is provided with multiple linear lasers on the side facing the placement platform. The linear lasers are arranged alternately with the centering and positioning mechanism to provide visual guidance for the placement of the short steel beam.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the linear laser can clearly project the working range of the centering and positioning mechanism on the surface of the base plate, providing intuitive visual guidance for the initial placement of the short steel beam. This not only helps operators to quickly determine the placement position and further improve the placement speed, but also accurately assists the short steel beam to fall stably into the predetermined welding area, laying the foundation for the subsequent automatic positioning process.

[0024] In summary, compared with the prior art, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] 1. Employing an active positioning and adaptive fixing design, this system utilizes the synergistic effect of a symmetrically distributed V-shaped pressure plate structure and a wedge-shaped upper pressure plate to automatically correct placement deviations of the short steel beams, achieving integrated "placement-centering-tightening" operations. Compared to traditional manual positioning methods, this positioning mechanism eliminates the need for repeated measurements and calibrations, automatically centering the short steel beams and significantly reducing the positioning time for a single beam. Especially in scenarios involving welding multiple short steel beams in a cargo container, where the large number of beams and the time-consuming process of positioning each beam individually are significant, this application supports simultaneous positioning of multiple short steel beams, greatly saving operation time and effectively improving overall work efficiency.

[0026] 2. Through the coordinated operation of the first and second pressure plates and the air blowing assembly, a dual improvement in positioning adaptability and welding quality is achieved: On the one hand, this structure can adapt to short steel beams of different sizes within a certain range, achieving stable positioning of workpieces of different specifications; on the other hand, it can blow away impurities between the short steel beam and the base plate, and simultaneously, the rotational movement of the first and second pressure plates drives the air nozzle to adjust the airflow direction, thereby expanding the impurity cleaning range and preventing impurities from adversely affecting the welding quality. The combination of these two aspects not only solves the problem of insufficient adaptability of traditional tooling to workpieces of different sizes, but also further improves welding quality through efficient airflow cleaning, enhancing the practicality and versatility of the tooling. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a hydraulic tooling for welding according to this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front view structure of the centering and positioning mechanism in this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the centering and positioning mechanism in this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the mounting base, the first pressure plate, and the second pressure plate in this application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the mounting base in this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the connecting sleeve and the cross arm in this application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the gear plate and gear in this application.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Placement platform; 11. Side frame; 12. Support plate; 121. Slide rail; 122. Toothed plate; 123. Gear; 124. Second motor; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Mounting frame; 31. First hydraulic cylinder; 32. Rotating shaft; 33. First motor; 4. Mounting base; 41. First pressure plate; 42. Second pressure plate; 43. Pull plate; 44. Movable plate; 45. Second hydraulic cylinder; 5. Fixed frame; 51. Connecting plate; 52. Third hydraulic cylinder; 53. Connecting rod; 6. Connecting sleeve; 61. Cross arm; 62. Upper pressure plate; 621. Insertion hole; 63. Crossbar; 631. Insertion rod; 632. Spring; 7. Gas distributor; 71. Gas pipe; 72. Gas nozzle; 8. Roller; 9. Linear laser. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the following will be combined with the embodiments of this application. Figures 1-7 The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are clearly and completely described herein. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides a hydraulic fixture for welding, including a placement platform 1, a gantry frame 2, a displacement assembly, a hydraulic positioning mechanism, and a centering positioning mechanism. The placement platform 1 serves as the basic support component of the fixture, supporting the gantry frame 2 and the workpiece to be welded, providing stable support for the overall structure. The gantry frame 2 is movably mounted above the placement platform 1, serving as the mounting carrier for the hydraulic positioning mechanism and enabling its synchronous movement. The displacement assembly is mounted on both sides of the placement platform 1, its core function being to drive the gantry frame 2 to move along a preset trajectory. Three hydraulic positioning mechanisms are provided, all movably mounted on the gantry frame 2, for clamping and fixing the assembled long steel beams. Multiple centering positioning mechanisms are provided, symmetrically distributed in pairs on both sides of the placement platform 1, for positioning short steel beams. It should be noted that in practical applications, the specific number and installation positions of the hydraulic positioning mechanisms and the centering positioning mechanisms can be flexibly adjusted according to the specifications of the workpiece to be welded and the operational requirements.

[0037] Among them, reference Figure 1 and Figure 7 The displacement assembly includes a side frame 11, a support plate 12, a slide rail 121, a gear plate 122, a gear 123, and a second motor 124. Two side frames 11 and two support plates 12 are provided, symmetrically fixed to both sides of the placement platform 1. The support plate 12 is welded and fixed to the top of the side frame 11. To enhance the structural stability of the connection between the support plate 12 and the side frame 11, a diagonal tie rod can be welded between them. The slide rail 121 and the gear plate 122 are both fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support plate 12, and the bottom of the gantry 2 forms a sliding fit with the slide rail 121 to ensure accurate movement of the gantry 2. Two second motors 124 and two gears 123 are provided, respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the bottom of the gantry 2. The gears 123 are coaxially fixedly installed on the output shaft of the second motor 124, and the gears 123 mesh with the corresponding gear plates 122 for transmission.

[0038] During operation, the gantry 2 needs to be moved to the designated position according to usage requirements, and then the assembled long steel beam is clamped and fixed using a hydraulic positioning mechanism. Simultaneously, the second motors 124 on both sides of the gantry 2 are activated, their output shafts driving the corresponding gears 123 to rotate. Through the meshing transmission between the gears 123 and the toothed plate 122, the gantry 2 moves along the slide rail 121 above the placement platform 1. It is important to note that the design height of the side frame 11 should be greater than the height of the placement platform 1 to avoid motion interference between the gantry 2 and the centering positioning mechanism during movement, ensuring smooth movement.

[0039] Among them, reference Figure 1 The hydraulic positioning mechanism includes a mounting frame 3, a first hydraulic cylinder 31, a rotating shaft 32, and a first motor 33. The cross-section of the beam of the gantry frame 2 is I-shaped, and the top of the mounting frame 3 is slidably fitted onto the beam of the gantry frame 2. There are four rotating shafts 32, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top of the mounting frame 3. The rotating shafts 32 are arranged laterally and are rotatably connected to the mounting frame 3 through bearings. The bottom of the rotating shafts 32 is in contact with the gantry frame 2. The first motor 33 is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame 3, and its output shaft is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the rotating shafts 32.

[0040] When the position of the hydraulic positioning mechanism needs to be adjusted, the first motor 33 is started. The output shaft of the first motor 33 drives the rotating shaft 32, which is fixedly connected to it, to rotate. The rotating shaft 32 generates driving force through the surface contact friction with the crossbeam of the gantry frame 2, which drives the mounting frame 3 and the entire hydraulic positioning mechanism to slide smoothly along the crossbeam of the gantry frame 2 until it moves to the designated position. When the hydraulic positioning mechanism moves to the top of the corresponding long steel beam, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 31 extends, and its output end is in contact with the upper surface of the long steel beam and applies pressure to fix the position of the long steel beam in the welding operation.

[0041] Among them, reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5The centering and positioning mechanism includes a mounting base 4, a first pressure plate 41, a second pressure plate 42, a pull plate 43, a movable plate 44, a second hydraulic cylinder 45, a cross arm 61, an upper pressure plate 62, and a driving component. The first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 are both hinged to the mounting base 4, forming a V-shaped structure together. There are two pull plates 43, one end of which is hinged to the middle of the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 respectively, and the other end is hinged to the movable plate 44. The second hydraulic cylinder 45 is fixedly mounted on the mounting base 4, and its output end is fixedly connected to the movable plate 44 to drive the movable plate 44 to move in a straight line. The cross arm 61 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base 4, and the upper pressure plate 62 is fixedly welded to one end of the cross arm 61. The upper pressure plate 62 has a wedge-shaped structure that is inclined from top to bottom towards the mounting base 4 to cooperate with the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 to clamp and position the short steel beam. The driving component includes a fixed frame 5 and a third hydraulic cylinder 52. The fixed frame 5 is fixedly connected to the placement platform 1, and the third hydraulic cylinder 52 is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed frame 5, and its output end is fixedly connected to the mounting base 4.

[0042] Before welding the cargo box floor, assembly work is required, as follows: First, the bearing plate is placed on the placement platform 1 and positioned. Then, short steel beams are arranged in an orderly manner and fixed to the upper surface of the bearing plate. Finally, long steel beams are placed on top of the short steel beams, so that the slots at their bottoms engage with the short steel beams, forming a cross-beam structure. Because there are many short steel beams, in traditional assembly processes, workers must adjust their position and angle one by one to ensure accurate engagement with the long steel beams. This process is time-consuming and severely impacts processing efficiency. In this embodiment, however, the operator only needs to place the short steel beams between each set of centering and positioning mechanisms, without needing to adjust their position and angle individually, thus quickly completing the positioning of the short steel beams.

[0043] Specifically, after the short steel beam is placed on the support plate, the centering and positioning mechanisms on both sides of the placement platform 1 move towards each other simultaneously. The driving component drives the mounting base 4, causing the corresponding first pressure plate 41 and second pressure plate 42 to move accordingly. Under the guidance of the V-shaped structure, the short steel beam achieves lateral centering alignment. Subsequently, the second hydraulic cylinder 45 is activated, and the centering and positioning mechanisms continue to move towards each other until the cross arm 61 contacts the top of the short steel beam. At the same time, the second hydraulic cylinder 45 drives the movable plate 44 to move, causing the pull plates 43 on both sides to shift, thereby causing the corresponding first pressure plate 41 and second pressure plate 42 to slowly open. Without affecting the movement of the centering and positioning mechanisms, the first pressure plate 41 and second pressure plate 42 are always in contact with the sides of the short steel beam to prevent the short steel beam from shifting. The cross arm 61 applies vertical downward pressure to the short steel beam with its own wedge-shaped structure, forcing the short steel beam to fit tightly against the support plate. The first pressure plate 41 and second pressure plate 42 are located on the side of the short steel beam, which can provide auxiliary positioning for the short steel beam and further improve the stability of the short steel beam in subsequent operations.

[0044] Additionally, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 Gas distributors 7 are fixedly installed at the bottom of both the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42. Each gas distributor 7 integrates an air pipe 71 and air nozzles 72. One end of the air pipe 71 is sealed to the gas distributor 7, while the other end extends to an external air source, establishing a passage for a stable supply of high-speed airflow to the gas distributor 7. Four air nozzles 72 are arranged linearly on the gas distributor 7. After being distributed by the gas distributor 7, the high-speed airflow can be directionally ejected through the air nozzles 72. A solenoid valve is installed between the air pipe 71 and the external air source to control the airflow. In actual operation scenarios, the number of air nozzles 72 and the spray angle can be flexibly adjusted according to specific needs, such as adaptability adjustments based on the specifications and dimensions of the short steel beam and surface cleaning requirements. In addition, to prevent the gas splitter 7 from being damaged by direct contact between the first pressure plate 41, the second pressure plate 42 and the support plate, and to ensure smooth airflow, a specific gap is reserved between the first pressure plate 41, the second pressure plate 42 and the placement platform 1. The size of this gap matches the height of the gas splitter 7.

[0045] After the cross arm 61 presses the short steel beam firmly, the solenoid valve opens, and the air pipe 71 delivers a high-speed airflow from an external air source to the gas distributor 7. The airflow then exits from the air nozzle 72, blowing directly onto the joint between the short steel beam and the support plate, effectively removing impurities accumulated in that area. By adjusting the angle between the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42, the direction of the airflow can be changed, thereby expanding the cleaning coverage area, ensuring the cleanliness of the welding area, and guaranteeing welding quality. This process eliminates the need for secondary manual cleaning, improving operational efficiency and enhancing ease of use.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 A connecting sleeve 6 is fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting base 4. A cross arm 61 is inserted into the connecting sleeve 6, and its extension length can be flexibly adjusted along the axial direction of the connecting sleeve 6. A crossbar 63 is mounted above the connecting sleeve 6, and insertion rods 631 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the crossbar 63. Multiple insertion holes 621 that match the insertion rods 631 are provided on both sides of the cross arm 61. When the cross arm 61 is adjusted to the target position, the insertion rods 631 can be precisely inserted into the corresponding insertion holes 621, achieving relative fixation between the cross arm 61 and the connecting sleeve 6. Furthermore, a spring 632 is provided between the connecting sleeve 6 and the crossbar 63.

[0047] To improve the flexibility of the device, the position between the crossarm 61 and the mounting base 4 can be adjusted. When the position of the crossarm 61 needs to be adjusted, the operator pulls the crossbar 63 upwards. The crossbar 63 moves the insert rods 631 on both sides at the bottom upwards simultaneously, at which point the spring 632 between the connecting sleeve 6 and the crossbar 63 is stretched. Continuing to pull the crossbar 63 until the insert rods 631 are completely removed from their corresponding insertion holes 621 releases the limiting constraint on the crossarm 61. At this point, pushing or pulling the crossarm 61 will move it synchronously. After the crossarm 61 is adjusted to a suitable position that meets the current positioning requirements of the short steel beam, the crossbar 63 is released. Under the action of the spring 632, the crossbar 63 returns to its original position downwards, and the insert rods 631 at the bottom of the crossbar 63 move downwards synchronously until they enter the corresponding insertion holes 621. At this point, the crossarm 61 is again limited and fixed, and its position is locked to ensure that it will not shift due to vibration or external force during subsequent operations.

[0048] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 A connecting plate 51 is fixedly connected to the platform 1. Two symmetrically distributed connecting rods 53 are provided on the side of the mounting base 4 near the connecting plate 51. The connecting rods 53 are slidably sleeved on the connecting plate 51. The connecting rods 53 adopt a cylindrical rod structure, and one end of them is firmly fixed to the mounting base 4 by welding.

[0049] This structure ensures that the mounting base 4 moves more smoothly when moving laterally along the placement platform 1, avoiding deviation or jamming, and providing stable guiding support for subsequent positioning actions.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 Multiple rollers 8 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting base 4.

[0051] When the mounting base 4 moves laterally along the placement platform 1, the sliding friction between the mounting base 4 and the placement platform 1 can be converted into rolling friction, which greatly reduces the moving resistance, making the movement of the mounting base 4 easier and smoother, while reducing the wear on the contact surfaces of the two and extending the service life of the components.

[0052] Among them, reference Figure 1 and Figure 7 The support plate 12 is provided with two slide rails 121, which are symmetrically distributed on the support plate 12. The slide rails 121 can adopt a groove type or a convex rail type design (the specific choice can be made according to the adaptation requirements of the sliding parts), and their surfaces are smoothed to reduce the coefficient of friction.

[0053] By setting two symmetrically distributed slide rails 121 on the support plate 12, the contact area between the gantry 2 and the support plate 12 can be increased. The larger contact area can disperse the force between the two, reduce local stress concentration, and make the connection more reliable. At the same time, the balanced contact force can suppress the offset or swaying of the gantry 2 when it moves, and effectively improve its stability during the movement process.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 The support plate 12 is provided with multiple line lasers 9 on the side facing the placement platform 1. The line lasers 9 are arranged alternately with the centering and positioning mechanism (one line laser 9 is arranged between every two adjacent centering and positioning mechanisms, and the line lasers 9 and the centering and positioning mechanism are arranged alternately to ensure that there is a corresponding laser guidance signal covering the preset placement area of ​​each short steel beam), thereby providing visual guidance for the placement of the short steel beam.

[0055] Although the above structure significantly reduces the placement time of the short steel beams, one operational requirement remains: operators must ensure that the short steel beams are precisely placed within the working area of ​​the centering and positioning mechanism; otherwise, the subsequent positioning effect will be affected. To further reduce this operational difficulty, a linear laser 9 is installed to clearly mark the working area of ​​the centering and positioning mechanism. When the linear laser 9 is working, it emits a highly visible straight laser beam, which is projected vertically or slightly at an angle onto the surface of the support plate of the placement platform 1, forming a clear visual reference line. This reference line directly indicates the accurate placement position of the short steel beams. Workers do not need to repeatedly compare dimensions; they only need to align the edge of the short steel beam with the laser reference line to quickly place it into the working area of ​​the centering and positioning mechanism. This significantly reduces the positional deviation of the short steel beams during placement, provides pre-guidance for the subsequent precise adjustment of the centering and positioning mechanism, and further improves the efficiency and accuracy of the assembly operation.

[0056] The implementation principle of a hydraulic tooling for welding according to an embodiment of this application is as follows:

[0057] The cargo box floor is typically composed of a load-bearing plate, several horizontally parallel short steel beams, and a longitudinally arranged long steel beam above the short steel beams. The bottom of the long steel beam has a slot that matches the short steel beam. The short steel beam and the long steel beam are arranged vertically and staggered through the slot to form a cross beam load-bearing structure.

[0058] First, using platform 1 as the overall support reference, the bearing plate to be welded is stably placed within the preset area of ​​platform 1. The linear laser 9 emits a high-visibility straight laser beam, which is projected vertically or slightly at an angle onto the surface of the positioned bearing plate, forming a clear visual reference line. When placing the short steel beam, the operator does not need to repeatedly compare dimensions; they only need to place the short steel beam in the working area between the two sets of laser reference lines, making the operation convenient and quick.

[0059] Simultaneously, the centering and positioning mechanisms on both sides of the placement platform 1 are activated, and the third hydraulic cylinder 52 of the centering and positioning mechanism pushes the mounting base 4 to move towards the short steel beam. During the movement, the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 move closer to the short steel beam in sync, and the V-shaped structure formed by the two exerts a lateral guiding effect on the short steel beam, forcing the short steel beam to gradually adjust its position to a laterally centered state.

[0060] After the short steel beam is laterally centered, the second hydraulic cylinder 45 is activated, and the third hydraulic cylinder 52 continues to push the mounting base 4 towards the short steel beam until the upper pressure plate 62 on top of the mounting base 4 contacts the top of the short steel beam. Simultaneously, the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 45 pulls the movable plate 44, which, through the hinged pull plates 43 at both ends, causes the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 to open slowly and synchronously. Without affecting the movement of the upper pressure plate 62, the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 remain in contact with the side of the short steel beam, limiting its movement and preventing it from shifting. The wedge-shaped surface of the upper pressure plate 62, through its tilt angle, applies vertical downward pressure to the short steel beam as the mounting base 4 continues to move, forcing the short steel beam to overcome the gap between itself and the bearing plate and fit tightly against the upper surface of the bearing plate, thus completing the vertical positioning of the short steel beam.

[0061] Subsequently, the solenoid valve between the air pipe 71 and the external air source is opened, and the high-speed airflow provided by the external air source is delivered to the gas distributor 7 through the air pipe 71. The gas distributor 7 evenly distributes the airflow to the air nozzle 72, and the airflow is directionally sprayed through the air nozzle 72 to the connection between the short steel beam and the support plate. If it is necessary to expand the cleaning range, the output of the second hydraulic cylinder 45 can be finely adjusted to change the tilt angle between the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42, thereby adjusting the spray direction of the air nozzle 72 to ensure that impurities in a larger area at the connection are blown away by the high-speed airflow.

[0062] The second hydraulic cylinder 45 is controlled in the reverse direction, causing it to reset the movable plate 44. The pull plate 43 causes the V-shaped opening of the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 to narrow until the inner walls of the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42 are tightly fitted to the two sides of the short steel beam. At this time, the short steel beam is simultaneously subjected to the vertical pressure of the upper pressure plate 62 and the lateral clamping force of the first pressure plate 41 and the second pressure plate 42, forming a "vertical-lateral" bidirectional positioning constraint to ensure that the short steel beam and the long steel beam do not shift position during assembly.

[0063] Then, the operator vertically places several long steel beams above the positioned short steel beams, so that the slots at the bottom of the long steel beams engage with the short steel beams, forming a vertically intersecting beam grid structure. The second motor 124 of the displacement assembly is activated, and its output shaft drives the coaxially fixed gear 123 to rotate. Because the gear 123 meshes with the toothed plate 122, the gantry 2 moves along the slide rail 121 above the placement platform 1. After the gantry 2 is in position, the first motor 33 of the hydraulic positioning mechanism is activated, and its output shaft drives the rotating shaft 32 at the top of the mounting frame 3 to rotate. The rotating shaft 32 generates driving force through friction with the surface of the crossbeam, causing the mounting frame 3 to slide smoothly along the crossbeam of the gantry 2 until the first hydraulic cylinder 31 aligns with the preset clamping point of the long steel beam. Subsequently, the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is activated, its piston rod extends downwards, and its output end contacts the upper surface of the long steel beam, applying stable pressure to complete the positioning of the long steel beam. Once the positioning is complete, welding operations can be performed using external welding equipment.

[0064] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles described in this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic fixture for welding, comprising a placement platform and a gantry frame, wherein displacement components are provided on both sides of the placement platform for supporting and driving the gantry frame to move, and a hydraulic positioning mechanism is provided on the gantry frame, characterized in that: The placement platform is equipped with multiple sets of symmetrical centering and positioning mechanisms for adjusting the posture of the short steel beam and clamping and fixing it. The centering and positioning mechanism includes a mounting base and a driving component. A first pressure plate and a second pressure plate are hinged on the mounting base. A pull plate is hinged to the middle of both the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate. A second hydraulic cylinder is also provided on the mounting base. A movable plate is fixedly connected to its output end. Two pull plates are respectively hinged to both sides of the movable plate. The top of the mounting base is provided with a cross arm, and one end of the cross arm is provided with an upper pressure plate. The upper pressure plate has a wedge-shaped structure that is inclined from top to bottom towards the mounting base, so as to cooperate with the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate to achieve the clamping and positioning of the short steel beam. Gas distributors are provided at the bottom of both the first and second pressure plates. Multiple gas nozzles are arranged in a linear pattern on the gas distributors, and gas pipes are provided on the gas distributors. The top of the mounting base is provided with a connecting sleeve, the cross arm is inserted into the inside of the connecting sleeve, the top of the connecting sleeve is provided with a cross bar, the bottom of the cross bar is provided with insert rods on both sides, the sides of the cross arm are provided with multiple insertion holes that are compatible with the insert rods, and a spring is provided between the connecting sleeve and the cross bar. The third hydraulic cylinder of the centering and positioning mechanism pushes the mounting base to move towards the short steel beam. During the movement, the first pressure plate and the second pressure plate move closer to the short steel beam simultaneously. The V-shaped structure formed by the two plates exerts a lateral guiding effect on the short steel beam, forcing the short steel beam to gradually adjust its position to a laterally centered state. The short steel beam is simultaneously subjected to the vertical pressure of the upper pressure plate and the lateral clamping force of the first and second pressure plates, forming a "vertical" force. Lateral bidirectional positioning constraints ensure that there is no positional shift between the short and long steel beams during assembly; A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the platform. Two symmetrically distributed connecting rods are provided on the side of the mounting base near the connecting plate. The connecting rods are slidably sleeved on the connecting plate. The bottom of the mounting base is rotatably connected to multiple rollers; The driving component includes a fixed frame and a third hydraulic cylinder, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed frame and its output end is fixedly connected to the mounting base. The displacement assembly includes a side frame set on the placement platform, a support plate set on the top of the side frame, a slide rail and a toothed plate set on the top of the support plate, a gantry frame slidably connected to the slide rail, a second motor installed on the gantry frame, a gear set on the output shaft of the second motor, and the gear meshing with the toothed plate. The support plate has multiple linear lasers on the side facing the placement platform. These linear lasers are arranged alternately with the centering and positioning mechanism to provide visual guidance for the placement of the short steel beams.

2. The hydraulic tooling for welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate is provided with two slide rails, which are symmetrically distributed on the support plate.

3. The hydraulic tooling for welding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic positioning mechanism includes a mounting frame and a first hydraulic cylinder. The first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting frame. Rotary shafts are rotatably connected to both sides of the top of the mounting frame. A first motor is fixedly installed on one side of the mounting frame. The output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft on one side of the mounting frame to drive the rotating shaft to rotate around its own axis.

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