A bimetallic nickel catalyst, its preparation method and application in heavy oil viscosity reduction

Abstract

This invention proposes an amphiphilic nickel catalyst, its preparation method, and its application in heavy oil viscosity reduction, belonging to the field of heavy oil viscosity reduction technology. The amphiphilic nickel catalyst has the structure shown in the following formula, where n = 2-4; R = C6-C12 alkyl chains. The amphiphilic nickel catalyst prepared by this invention is simple to prepare and leverages the advantages of hydrophilic groups attracting hydrogen electron clouds from heavy components, causing C-C bonds to become polar and easily break. Simultaneously, it utilizes the advantages of good solubility of lipophilic groups, hydrophilic groups promoting hydrolysis, and easy C-C bond breaking, achieving oil quality improvement. It also exhibits good thermal stability, excellent catalytic viscosity reduction effect, and wide applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heavy oil viscosity reduction technology, specifically to an amphiphilic nickel catalyst, its preparation method, and its application in heavy oil viscosity reduction. Background Technology

[0002] Physical viscosity reduction methods are mainly divided into several categories, including steam drive, steam huff and puff, reservoir burning, CO2 downhole pressurization, diluent blending, emulsification, and microbial methods. However, physical viscosity reduction methods suffer from problems such as high energy consumption, incomplete extraction, high diluent consumption, difficulty in emulsification, and difficulty in separating microorganisms after reaction, which restricts their application in heavy oil extraction. Therefore, chemical viscosity reduction is the main method for heavy oil extraction. Chemical viscosity reduction is one of the more commonly used methods for heavy oil extraction, mainly including emulsification and oil-soluble viscosity reduction. Emulsification viscosity reduction refers to the transformation of the W / O type emulsion of heavy oil into an O / W type emulsion under the action of emulsifying viscosity reducers (mainly surfactants), thereby achieving the purpose of viscosity reduction. Although emulsifying viscosity reducers have high viscosity reduction efficiency, they are highly selective for heavy oil, and the viscosity reduction effect is easily affected by the oil and water composition. At the same time, the formation of a large amount of O / W type emulsion during the emulsification viscosity reduction process can also have an adverse effect on the subsequent demulsification and dehydration of crude oil. Oil-soluble viscosity reduction works by utilizing the interaction between polar groups in the molecular structure and asphaltenes and gums in heavy oil, thereby disrupting the aggregation of gums and asphaltenes and reducing crude oil viscosity. Compared with emulsification viscosity reduction, this method does not have an adverse effect on subsequent crude oil demulsification and dehydration.

[0003] Chinese invention patent document CN102585792A discloses a low-cost, environmentally friendly oil-soluble viscosity reducer for extra-heavy oil. This viscosity reducer consists of a main agent, a solvent, and an initiator. The main agent comprises waste cooking oil, aromatic hydrocarbons, and olefins containing acid anhydrides. This method reduces the cost of the viscosity reducer by using waste cooking oil as the viscosity-reducing component. When used in the process of diluting with light oil for viscosity reduction, this viscosity reducer achieves a viscosity reduction rate of over 90% for heavy oil from the Tarim Oilfield.

[0004] Chinese invention patent document CN104628934A discloses an anionic oil-soluble viscosity reducer and its preparation method. The oil-soluble viscosity reducer is prepared by emulsion polymerization of four monomers: octadecyl methacrylate, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, styrene, and acrylic acid, initiated by a redox initiator. The viscosity reducer has a viscosity reduction rate of up to 59.29% for crude oil with a viscosity of 17592-29353 mPa·s.

[0005] Chinese invention patent document CN104629704A discloses a low-molecular-weight hyperbranched oil-soluble viscosity reducer for heavy oil and its preparation method. The viscosity reducer is composed of ethylenediamine, acetophenone, formaldehyde, butyl acrylate and solvent 1,4-dioxane. The hyperbranched oil-soluble viscosity reducer is prepared by the Mannich reaction of ethylenediamine, acetophenone, formaldehyde and butyl acrylate. The viscosity reducer achieves a viscosity reduction rate of 36.86% for heavy oil from Xinjiang.

[0006] The existing oil-soluble viscosity reducers are mainly developed based on pour point depressants, with high molecular weight polymers as the main components for viscosity reduction and solvent dilution. There are relatively few types, and the polymer synthesis process is complex and the degree of polymerization is not easy to control. Furthermore, the polymer and molecular weight have a certain impact on the viscosity reduction effect, making preparation difficult. Unreacted monomers can also have adverse effects on the environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to propose an amphiphilic nickel catalyst, its preparation method, and its application in reducing viscosity in heavy oil. The preparation method is simple and can leverage the ability of hydrophilic groups to attract hydrogen electron clouds from heavy components, causing the C-C bonds to become polar and easily break. At the same time, it can take advantage of the good solubility of lipophilic groups, the hydrophilic groups promoting hydrolysis, and the ease of C-C bond breaking, thereby achieving the effect of oil upgrading. It also has good thermal stability, good catalytic viscosity reduction effect, and wide application.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0009] This invention provides an amphiphilic nickel catalyst having the structural formula shown in Formula I:

[0010] Formula I;

[0011] Where n = 2-4; R = C6-C12 alkyl chains.

[0012] This invention further protects a method for preparing the above-mentioned amphiphilic nickel catalyst, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Intermediate A was prepared by reacting an alkylamine with 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone, with the following structure: R = C6-C12 alkyl chain;

[0014] S2. Intermediate A is reacted with epichlorohydrin to obtain intermediate B, with the following structure: R = C6-C12 alkyl chain;

[0015] S3. Intermediate B is reacted with oleic acid to obtain intermediate C, with the following structure: R = C6-C12 alkyl chain;

[0016] S4. Ethylene glycol and thionyl chloride were reacted to prepare ethylene glycol monochloro, with the following structure: n=2-4;

[0017] S5. Intermediate C was reacted with ethylene glycol monochloroethylene to obtain intermediate D, with the following structure: Alkyl chains with n=2-4 and R=C6-C12;

[0018] S6. Intermediate D was reacted with sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate, and then acidified to obtain intermediate E, with the following structure: Alkyl chains with n=2-4 and R=C6-C12;

[0019] S7. React intermediate E with a nickel salt to obtain the product.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the alkylamine in step S1 has the structural formula RNH2, where R is an alkyl chain of C6-C12, and the molar ratio of the alkylamine to 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone is 1-1.2:1.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the molar ratio of intermediate A and epichlorohydrin in step S2 is 2-2.1:1, the reaction temperature is 80-90℃, and the reaction time is 15-20h.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the molar ratio of intermediate B and oleic acid in step S3 is 1:1-1.1, and a catalyst is also added, wherein the catalyst is concentrated sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.

[0023] As a further improvement of the present invention, the molar ratio of ethylene glycol and sulfoxide in step S4 is 1-1.1:1.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, the molar ratio of intermediate C and ethylene glycol monochlorodiethylene in step S5 is 1:2-2.2, and an acid-binding agent is also added, wherein the acid-binding agent is selected from at least one of triethylamine, diethylamine, NaOH, and KOH.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the molar ratio of intermediate D and sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate in step S6 is 1:2-2.1, and the acidification method is to add the product to a sulfuric acid solution, extract with ethyl acetate, wash, dry, remove the solvent under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate E, wherein the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1-2 mol / L.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the molar ratio of intermediate E and nickel salt in step S7 is 1:2-2.1, and the nickel salt is nickel chloride.

[0027] This invention further protects the application of the above-mentioned amphiphilic nickel catalyst in heavy oil viscosity reduction.

[0028] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] Chemical viscosity reduction involves adding a catalyst under steam injection conditions to break the CS, CN, CO, and other bonds in the heavy components of heavy oil, thereby permanently reducing viscosity through the cracking of the heavy components. Chemical viscosity reduction is also known as hydrothermal catalytic viscosity reduction, and its key lies in catalyst development. Amphiphilic metal catalysts are a class of catalysts that possess both hydrophilic and lipophilic groups. Commonly used hydrophilic groups include carboxyl, hydroxyl, sulfonic acid, and lactic acid groups, while lipophilic groups include alkanes, aromatics, and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

[0030] The amphiphilic nickel catalyst prepared by this invention contains hydrophilic groups such as sulfonic acid groups and quaternary ammonium salts, and lipophilic groups including long-chain alkyl chains. The sulfonic acid group in the hydrophilic group readily attracts hydrogen electrons from the heavy components, making the C-C bonds polar and facilitating their breakage. This amphiphilic nickel catalyst leverages the advantages of good lipophilic group solubility, hydrophilic group-promoted hydrolysis, and easy C-C bond breakage, exhibiting significantly better performance than ordinary amphiphilic catalysts. Structurally, it possesses sulfonic acid hydrophilic groups carrying catalytically active nickel ions. The amphiphilic structure promotes sufficient contact between nickel ions and heavy components such as asphaltenes and gums in the oil phase, thereby improving the reaction activity and selectivity. The amphiphilic nickel sulfonate catalyst ensures uniform dispersion of nickel ions in the oil phase, forming an emulsion catalytic system. The catalyst is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the emulsion droplets, while the lipophilic groups of the catalyst dissolve in the heavy oil, fully utilizing its catalytic function. Furthermore, the oleic acid-modified portion also achieves oil quality improvement. This amphiphilic nickel catalyst also exhibits good thermal stability, excellent catalytic viscosity reduction effect, and wide applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 The images show the infrared spectra of the intermediates and products in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an amphiphilic nickel catalyst, including the following steps:

[0035] S1. 0.1 mol n-octylamine was dissolved in 200 mL isopropanol, and 0.1 mol 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 6 h. After the reaction was completed, the solvent was removed under reduced pressure, the mixture was washed with acetone, dried, recrystallized with acetone, filtered, washed, and dried to obtain intermediate A; ESI-MS calculated value: C 11 H 25 NNaO3S(M+H) + 274.37, measured value: 274.4, yield: 90%. 1 HNMR (400MHz, MeOD), δ: 2.81 (t, 2H), 2.74 (t, 2H), 2.62 (t, 2H), 2.00 (m, 2H), 1.54 (m, 2H), 1.35-1.25 (m, 10H), 0.92 (t, 3H).

[0036] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0037] ;

[0038] S2. 0.02 mol of intermediate A and 0.01 mol of epichlorohydrin were added to 50 mL of isopropanol, and the mixture was heated under reflux with stirring for 15 h. Then, 50 mL of 15 g / L sodium hydroxide methanol solution was added, and the reaction was continued for 2 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure, and the mixture was separated by column chromatography (dichloromethane and methanol = 5:1). The product was dried to obtain intermediate B. ESI-MS calculated value: C 25 H 53 N2Na2O7S2(M+H) + 603.82, measured value: 603.8, yield: 50%. 1 HNMR (400MHz, MeOD), d :4.15(t, 1H), 3.12(t, 4H), 2.93-2.85(m, 12H), 2.11(m, 4H), 1.69(m, 4H), 1.37-1.22(m, 20H), 0.94(t, 6H).

[0039] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0040] ;

[0041] S3. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate B and 0.01 mol of oleic acid to 50 mL of toluene, add 2 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid, heat under reflux and stir for 5 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (dichloromethane and methanol = 10:1), dry the product to obtain intermediate C; ESI-MS calculated value: C 43 H 85 N2Na2O8S2(M+H) + 868.25, measured value: 868.3, yield: 67%. 1 HNMR (400MHz, CDCl3), d :5.48(m, 2H), 4.11(t, 1H), 3.17(t, 4H), 2.91-2.81(m, 12H), 2.25(m, 2H), 2. 12 (m, 4H), 1.96 (m, 4H), 1.69 (m, 4H), 1.37-1.29 (m, 42H), 0.94-0.97 (t, 9H).

[0042] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0043] ;

[0044] S4. Add 0.1 mol of diethylene glycol monochloroethylene (n=2) to 200 mL of dichloromethane, add 0.1 mol of sulfoxide, stir at room temperature for 30 min, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, recrystallize from acetonitrile / acetone (volume ratio 4:1), filter, wash, and dry to obtain ethylene glycol monochloroethylene; ESI-MS calculated value: C4H 10 ClO2(M+H) + 125.57, measured value: 125.6, yield: 91%. 1 HNMR (400MHz, CDCl3), d :3.56-3.63(m, 8H), 2.0(br, 1H).

[0045] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0046] ;

[0047] S5. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate C and 0.02 mol of ethylene glycol monochloroethylene to 50 mL of dichloromethane, add 0.1 mol of triethylamine, heat under reflux and stir for 3 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (petroleum ether and methanol = 8:1), dry the product, and obtain intermediate D;

[0048] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0049] ;

[0050] S6. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate D and 0.02 mol of sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate to 50 mL of toluene, heat to 80 °C, stir for 6 h, cool to room temperature, remove solvent under reduced pressure, add the product to 30 mL of 1 mol / L sulfuric acid solution, extract with 30 mL of ethyl acetate, wash with water, extract, dry, remove solvent under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate E;

[0051] Infrared spectral analysis is as follows: 2962 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the asymmetric stretching vibration of methyl group (CH); 2914 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the CH asymmetric stretching vibration of the methylene group; 2879 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the CH stretching vibration of methyl groups; 2855 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the symmetric stretching vibration of the methylene group (CH); 1749 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak for the stretching vibration of C=O is 1640 cm⁻¹. -1 The characteristic absorption peak of C=C is at 1445 cm⁻¹. -1 This is the peak of the asymmetric bending vibration of methyl CH; 1371 cm⁻¹ -1 This is the peak of the methyl CH symmetric bending vibration; 1209 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the stretching vibration of the CO bond; 1117 cm⁻¹ -1 The sharp peak indicates the presence of a -COC- ether bond, 1172 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the asymmetric stretching vibration of the S=O bond in sodium sulfonate; 1058 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the stretching vibration of the CN bond; 1042 cm⁻¹ -1 The peak represents the symmetric stretching vibration of the S=O bond in sodium sulfonate; 721 cm⁻¹ -1 This is the in-plane rocking vibration peak of the methylene CH group.

[0052] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0053] ;

[0054] S7. Add 0.01 mol intermediate E and 0.02 mol nickel chloride to 50 mL of water, heat to 80 °C, stir and react for 12 h, remove solvent and product HCl under reduced pressure, wash the product and dry it to obtain the amphiphilic nickel catalyst.

[0055] The synthesis route is as follows:

[0056] ;

[0057] Infrared spectra of each intermediate and product are as follows Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the compound was successfully synthesized. Example 2

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an amphiphilic nickel catalyst, including the following steps:

[0059] S1. Dissolve 0.12 mol n-hexylamine in 200 mL isopropanol, add 0.1 mol 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone, stir at room temperature for 6 h. After the reaction is complete, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, wash with acetone, dry, recrystallize with acetone, filter, wash, dry, and obtain intermediate A.

[0060] S2. Add 0.021 mol of intermediate A and 0.01 mol of epichlorohydrin to 50 mL of isopropanol, heat under reflux and stir for 20 h, add 50 mL of 15 g / L sodium hydroxide methanol solution, continue the reaction for 2 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (dichloromethane and methanol = 5:1), dry the product, and obtain intermediate B;

[0061] S3. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate B and 0.011 mol of oleic acid to 50 mL of toluene, add 2 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid, heat under reflux and stir for 7 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (dichloromethane and methanol = 10:1), dry the product, and obtain intermediate C.

[0062] S4. Add 0.11 mol triethylene glycol dichloroethylene to 200 mL of dichloromethane, add 0.1 mol sulfoxide dichloroethylene, stir at room temperature for 30 min, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, recrystallize from acetonitrile / acetone (volume ratio 4:1), filter, wash, and dry to obtain ethylene glycol monochloroethylene.

[0063] S5. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate C and 0.022 mol of ethylene glycol monochloroethylene to 50 mL of dichloromethane, add 0.1 mol of triethylamine, heat under reflux and stir for 5 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (petroleum ether and methanol = 8:1), dry the product, and obtain intermediate D;

[0064] S6. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate D and 0.021 mol of sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate to 50 mL of toluene, heat to 80 °C, stir for 6 h, cool to room temperature, remove solvent under reduced pressure, add the product to 30 mL of 2 mol / L sulfuric acid solution, extract with 30 mL of ethyl acetate, wash with water, extract, dry, remove solvent under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate E;

[0065] S7. Add 0.01 mol intermediate E and 0.02 mol nickel chloride to 50 mL of water, heat to 80 °C, stir and react for 12 h, remove solvent and product HCl under reduced pressure, wash the product and dry it to obtain the amphiphilic nickel catalyst. Example 3

[0066] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an amphiphilic nickel catalyst, including the following steps:

[0067] S1. Dissolve 0.11 mol n-decylamine in 200 mL isopropanol, add 0.1 mol 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone, stir at room temperature for 6 h. After the reaction is complete, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, wash with acetone, dry, recrystallize with acetone, filter, wash, dry, and obtain intermediate A.

[0068] S2. Add 0.0205 mol of intermediate A and 0.01 mol of epichlorohydrin to 50 mL of isopropanol, heat under reflux and stir for 17 h, add 50 mL of 15 g / L sodium hydroxide methanol solution, continue the reaction for 2 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (dichloromethane and methanol = 5:1), dry the product to obtain intermediate B;

[0069] S3. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate B and 0.0105 mol of oleic acid to 50 mL of toluene, add 2 drops of concentrated sulfuric acid, heat under reflux and stir for 6 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (dichloromethane and methanol = 10:1), dry the product, and obtain intermediate C;

[0070] S4. Add 0.105 mol of tetraethylene glycol trichloroethylene to 200 mL of dichloromethane, add 0.1 mol of sulfoxide dichloroethylene, stir at room temperature for 30 min, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, recrystallize from acetonitrile / acetone (volume ratio 4:1), filter, wash, and dry to obtain ethylene glycol monochloroethylene.

[0071] S5. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate C and 0.021 mol of ethylene glycol monochloroethylene to 50 mL of dichloromethane, add 0.1 mol of triethylamine, heat under reflux and stir for 4 h, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, separate by column chromatography (petroleum ether and methanol = 8:1), dry the product, and obtain intermediate D;

[0072] S6. Add 0.01 mol of intermediate D and 0.0205 mol of sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate to 50 mL of toluene, heat to 80 °C, stir for 6 h, cool to room temperature, remove solvent under reduced pressure, add the product to 30 mL of 1.5 mol / L sulfuric acid solution, extract with 30 mL of ethyl acetate, wash with water, extract, dry, remove solvent under reduced pressure to obtain intermediate E;

[0073] S7. Add 0.01 mol intermediate E and 0.02 mol nickel chloride to 50 mL of water, heat to 80 °C, stir and react for 12 h, remove solvent and product HCl under reduced pressure, wash the product and dry it to obtain the amphiphilic nickel catalyst.

[0074] Comparative Example 1

[0075] Oleic acid was sulfonated with SO3 to obtain a dicarboxylic acid with amphiphilic groups. Then, a mixture of isopropanol and water (volume ratio 1:1) was used as a solvent and reacted with nickel chloride at 90°C in an equal mass ratio for 48 hours. The mixture was then neutralized with alkali to a pH of 7 to obtain an amphiphilic nickel catalyst.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] The difference from Example 3 is that step S6 was not performed.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] The difference from Example 3 is that steps S4 to S6 were not performed.

[0080] Comparative Example 4

[0081] The difference from Example 3 is that steps S3 to S6 were not performed.

[0082] Test Example 1: Determination of Viscosity Reduction Rate

[0083] A certain amount of heavy oil was added to a 500 mL high-temperature and high-pressure reactor, with the oil-to-water mass ratio controlled at 7:3 and the initial viscosity at 183100 mPa·s. 0.2% by weight of the amphiphilic nickel catalyst or nickel citrate prepared in Examples 1-3 or Comparative Examples 1-4 and 0.1 wt% by weight of NaOH were added. Before heating, the high-pressure reactor was purged with nitrogen to replace the air, heated to 200°C, and stirred for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, oil samples were collected, and the viscosity at 40°C before and after the reaction, as well as the contents of saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, gums, and asphaltenes, were measured. Finally, the viscosity reduction rate was calculated based on the viscosity of the heavy oil before and after the reaction. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0084] Table 1

[0085] ;

[0086] As shown in the table above, the amphiphilic nickel catalyst prepared by this invention has a good viscosity-reducing effect.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amphiphilic nickel catalyst, characterized in that, The amphiphilic nickel catalyst has the structural formula shown in Formula I: Formula I; Where n = 2-4; R = C6-C12 alkyl chains.

2. A method for preparing the amphiphilic nickel catalyst as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Intermediate A was prepared by reacting an alkylamine with 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone, with the following structure: R = C6-C12 alkyl chain; S2. Intermediate A is reacted with epichlorohydrin to obtain intermediate B, with the following structure: R = C6-C12 alkyl chain; S3. Intermediate B is reacted with oleic acid to obtain intermediate C, with the following structure: R = C6-C12 alkyl chain; S4. Ethylene glycol and thionyl chloride were reacted to prepare ethylene glycol monochloro, with the following structure: n=2-4; S5. Intermediate C was reacted with ethylene glycol monochloroethylene to obtain intermediate D, with the following structure: Alkyl chains with n=2-4 and R=C6-C12; S6. Intermediate D was reacted with sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate, and then acidified to obtain intermediate E, with the following structure: Alkyl chains with n=2-4 and R=C6-C12; S7. React intermediate E with nickel chloride to obtain the product.

3. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alkylamine mentioned in step S1 has the structural formula RNH2, where R is an alkyl chain of C6-C12, and the molar ratio of the alkylamine to 1,3-propanesulfonic acid lactone is 1-1.2:

1.

4. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the molar ratio of intermediate A to epichlorohydrin is 2-2.1:1, the reaction temperature is 80-90℃, and the reaction time is 15-20h.

5. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, the molar ratio of intermediate B and oleic acid is 1:1-1.1, and a catalyst is also added, which is concentrated sulfuric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid.

6. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of ethylene glycol and sulfoxide in step S4 is 1-1.1:

1.

7. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S5, the molar ratio of intermediate C to ethylene glycol monochlorodiethylene is 1:2-2.2, and an acid-binding agent is also added, wherein the acid-binding agent is selected from at least one of triethylamine, diethylamine, NaOH, and KOH.

8. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S6, the molar ratio of intermediate D to sodium 2-bromoethylsulfonate is 1:2-2.

1. The acidification method is to add the product to a sulfuric acid solution, extract with ethyl acetate, wash, dry, remove the solvent under reduced pressure, and obtain intermediate E. The concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1-2 mol / L.

9. The preparation method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The molar ratio of intermediate E and nickel salt in step S7 is 1:2-2.

1.

10. The application of the amphiphilic nickel catalyst as described in claim 1 in the viscosity reduction of heavy oil.

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