An extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and its preparation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a high-strength composite reinforcement material suitable for extreme environments based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber and its preparation method. It relates to the field of fiber-reinforced composite materials technology, and includes: an inner core layer, an interface modification layer, a transition reinforcement layer, a main reinforcement layer, an outer protective layer, and an embedded distributed optical fiber sensor arranged sequentially from the inside out. The inner core layer uses a high-strength metal as a load-bearing skeleton; the interface modification layer is a functionalized modification layer formed on the outer surface of the inner core layer; the transition reinforcement layer is composed of chopped UHMWPE fibers and a reinforcing modified resin matrix; the main reinforcement layer is a continuous UHMWPE fiber winding layer; the outer protective layer is a medium-weather-resistant functional coating; and the distributed optical fiber sensor uses Bragg grating optical fiber. This invention can adapt to an ultra-wide temperature range, has excellent interfacial bonding performance, good long-term durability, and achieves real-time monitoring of stress, temperature, and corrosion status through the embedded distributed optical fiber sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber-reinforced composite materials technology, and more specifically to an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] As human engineering activities continue to extend into extreme environments, traditional structural materials face severe challenges. These challenges include ultra-low temperatures (-60℃ to -40℃), ultra-high temperatures (80℃ to 120℃), strong corrosion (pH 2-4 or 10-13), and high radiation (>1). In extreme environments such as those with a gy (Gy), traditional reinforced concrete materials suffer from prominent problems such as low-temperature embrittlement, severe corrosion, high self-weight, and magnetic interference. Fiber-reinforced composite materials (FRP) have advantages such as high strength, lightweight, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance, and are widely used in the field of civil engineering structural reinforcement. However, they still face many technical bottlenecks in extreme environments.

[0003] Currently, FRP composite reinforcement materials mainly face the following technical challenges in extreme environment applications:

[0004] (1) Insufficient environmental adaptability of fiber materials. Commonly used carbon fiber, glass fiber and aramid fiber have a sharp decrease in toughness at extremely low temperatures. Carbon fiber is prone to brittle fracture below -40℃, glass fiber has a higher low-temperature embrittlement temperature, and although aramid fiber has a certain low-temperature toughness, its resistance to ultraviolet rays and high temperature is poor, making it difficult to meet the service requirements of extreme temperature range (-60℃ to +120℃).

[0005] (2) Unstable interfacial bonding performance. The metal-fiber composite interface is the weak link of the composite reinforcement. Traditional interface treatment methods are relatively simple, and the interfacial shear strength is generally in the range of 12-18MPa. Under the coupled effect of drastic temperature changes, cyclic loading and corrosive media, interfacial delamination failure is prone to occur, which seriously affects the overall performance and durability of the composite reinforcement.

[0006] (3) Limited temperature adaptability. The working temperature range of existing composite reinforcement materials is usually -40℃ to +120℃, which cannot adapt to extreme temperature conditions such as ultra-low temperature environment (-60℃) and high temperature nuclear facilities (above +120℃), thus limiting their application in special engineering fields.

[0007] (4) Lack of functional gradient optimization in structural design. Existing technologies mostly adopt simple two- or three-layer structures, which fail to fully consider stress transfer and performance matching between different material layers. Under complex stress conditions and multi-factor coupling environments, the performance is unstable and the reliability is insufficient.

[0008] (5) Long-term durability needs to be improved. Under the long-term effects of multiple factors such as temperature cycling, radiation aging, and chemical corrosion in extreme environments, the fatigue life of existing composite reinforcement materials is usually less than 1 million cycles, which is difficult to meet the design life requirements of 50 to 100 years for major infrastructure.

[0009] Therefore, how to provide a high-strength composite reinforcement material and its preparation method that is suitable for extreme environments, based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, and capable of adapting to an ultra-wide temperature range, having excellent interfacial bonding performance, good long-term durability, and enabling real-time monitoring of stress, temperature, and corrosion status through embedded distributed fiber optic sensors is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, the present invention provides a high-strength composite reinforcement material suitable for extreme environments based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and its preparation method, aiming to solve one of the problems in the above-mentioned background technology. It can adapt to an ultra-wide temperature range, has excellent interfacial bonding performance, good long-term durability, and realizes real-time monitoring of stress, temperature and corrosion status through embedded distributed optical fiber sensors. It aims to solve the problem of unstable performance of traditional FRP reinforcement materials in extreme environments with an ultra-wide temperature range of -60℃ to +120℃.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, in one respect, the present invention discloses an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, comprising:

[0012] The device comprises, from the inside out, an inner core layer, an interface modification layer, a transition reinforcement layer, a main reinforcement layer, an outer protective layer, and an embedded distributed optical fiber sensor. The inner core layer uses a high-strength metal as a load-bearing skeleton. The interface modification layer is a functionalized modification layer formed on the outer surface of the inner core layer. The transition reinforcement layer is composed of chopped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and a reinforced modified resin matrix. The main reinforcement layer is a continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber winding layer. The outer protective layer is a medium-weather-resistant functional coating. The distributed optical fiber sensor uses Bragg grating optical fiber, and multiple distributed optical fiber sensors are continuously embedded in the main reinforcement layer along the axial direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner core layer is made of ultra-high strength steel or titanium alloy tubing with a tensile strength ≥1200MPa.

[0014] Furthermore, the interface modification layer is formed through a triple modification process: plasma surface treatment to form a plasma-modified microstructure, chemical treatment with silane coupling agent to form a silane coupling agent molecular layer, and nano-SiO2 toughening treatment to form a nano-SiO2 toughened layer.

[0015] Furthermore, three distributed optical fiber sensors are provided, which are evenly distributed in a circle, and the included angle between adjacent distributed optical fiber sensors is 120°.

[0016] Furthermore, 5-10 wt% of nano-ceramic particles and 8-15 wt% of a flexible toughening agent are added to the reinforced modified resin matrix.

[0017] Furthermore, the continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber winding layer adopts a mixed laying method of bidirectional ±55° spiral winding fiber and 0° axial fiber.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer protective layer is composed of modified resin, 2-5 wt% ultraviolet absorber, 1-3 wt% antioxidant, and 5-10 wt% self-lubricating filler.

[0019] Furthermore, the formulation of the reinforcing modified resin matrix of the transition reinforcement layer is as follows: 100 parts epoxy resin, 8-15 parts flexible toughening agent, 20-35 parts curing agent, 5-10 parts nano-ceramic particles, and 0.5-2 parts coupling agent; the nano-ceramic particles are nano-Al2O3, nano-ZrO2, or nano-SiC, with a particle size of 30-80 nm.

[0020] Furthermore, the outer protective layer is formulated as follows: 100 parts modified resin, 2-5 parts ultraviolet absorber, 1-3 parts antioxidant, and 5-10 parts self-lubricating filler; the self-lubricating filler is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene micro powder, graphene, or molybdenum disulfide.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, which includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Remove rust and oil from the inner core layer, and perform plasma surface treatment;

[0023] Step 2: Prepare the interface modification layer by sequentially performing plasma surface treatment to form a plasma modified microstructure, chemical treatment with silane coupling agent to form a silane coupling agent molecular layer, and toughening treatment with nano-SiO2 to form a nano-SiO2 toughened layer.

[0024] Step 3: Prepare the transition reinforcement layer by uniformly coating a mixture of chopped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and a reinforcing modified resin matrix to a thickness of 2-3 mm and pre-curing at room temperature.

[0025] Step 4: Main reinforcement layer winding. After surface modification and resin impregnation, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene continuous fiber is first spiral wound at ±55°, and then laid with 0° axial fiber.

[0026] Step 5: The molding process is carried out using a stepped temperature curing process. The curing curve is as follows: 60℃ for 2 hours, 80℃ for 3 hours, and 120℃ for 2 hours. The curing pressure is 0.3-0.8MPa.

[0027] Step 6: Apply the outer protective layer by spraying, with a thickness of 0.5-1mm, cure and perform surface treatment.

[0028] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a high-strength composite reinforcement material suitable for extreme environments based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and its preparation method. It provides basic load-bearing capacity and impact resistance through an inner core layer; achieves strong interfacial bonding between the metal and fiber composite materials through an interface modification layer; achieves uniform stress transmission and effective suppression of crack propagation through a transition reinforcement layer; provides the main load-bearing capacity through a main reinforcement layer; provides environmental protection and friction reduction functions through an outer protective layer; and achieves real-time monitoring of stress, temperature, and corrosion status through embedded distributed fiber optic sensors.

[0029] This composite reinforcement not only adapts to extreme environments ranging from cryogenic to high-temperature, solving the problem of low-temperature embrittlement of traditional fibers, but also improves the interfacial shear strength to over 25 MPa through functional gradient design (far exceeding the 12-18 MPa level of traditional reinforcement), thereby effectively inhibiting crack propagation and ensuring the long-term durability and reliability of the structure. It is of great significance for expanding the application of composite materials in extreme environment engineering such as polar regions, deep seas, and aerospace. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a high-strength composite reinforcement material for extreme environments based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the microstructure of the interface modification layer provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the main reinforcing layer fiber winding method provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 A process flow diagram for preparing an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is provided for this invention.

[0036] Figure 6 The mechanical properties comparison curves of composite reinforcement at different temperatures provided by this invention;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the interface shear strength testing method provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the composite reinforcement material provided by the present invention in extreme environments.

[0039] Wherein: 1 is the inner core layer; 2 is the interface modification layer; 3 is the transition reinforcement layer; 4 is the main reinforcement layer; 5 is the outer protective layer; 6 is the distributed optical fiber sensor; 7 is the plasma-modified microstructure; 8 is the silane coupling agent molecular layer; 9 is the nano-SiO2 toughening layer; 10 is the helical wound fiber; 11 is the axial fiber. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] See Figure 1-8 This invention discloses an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement material based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, comprising:

[0042] The structure consists of an inner core layer 1, an interface modification layer 2, a transition reinforcement layer 3, a main reinforcement layer 4, an outer protective layer 5, and a distributed optical fiber sensor 6, arranged sequentially from the inside out. The inner core layer 1 uses a high-strength metal as the load-bearing skeleton. The interface modification layer 2 is a functionalized modification layer on the outer surface of the inner core layer 1. The transition reinforcement layer 3 is composed of chopped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and a reinforced modified resin matrix. The main reinforcement layer 4 is a continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber winding layer. The outer protective layer 5 is a medium-weather-resistant functional coating. The distributed optical fiber sensor 6 uses Bragg grating fiber, and multiple monitoring points are continuously embedded along the axial direction of the reinforcing material. It adopts a multi-layer gradient functional structure design, with an operating temperature range of -60℃ to +120℃ and an interface shear strength ≥25MPa, which can meet the requirements for long-term stable service in extreme environments. The distributed optical fiber sensor 6 uses Bragg grating fiber (FBG) with a diameter of 0.9mm, which is of great significance for expanding the application of composite materials in extreme environment engineering.

[0043] In this embodiment, the inner core layer 1 is made of ultra-high strength steel or titanium alloy tubing with a tensile strength ≥1200MPa; the outer diameter of the inner core layer 1 is 8-50mm and the wall thickness is 1.5-5mm, providing basic bearing capacity and impact resistance.

[0044] In this embodiment, the interface modification layer 2 is formed by a triple modification process: plasma surface treatment to form a plasma modified microstructure 7, silane coupling agent chemical treatment to form a silane coupling agent molecular layer 8, and nano-SiO2 toughening treatment to form a nano-SiO2 toughening layer 9. By setting the interface modification layer 2, a strong interfacial bond between the metal and fiber composite materials can be achieved.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, three distributed fiber optic sensors 6 are installed within the main reinforcement layer 4. The three distributed fiber optic sensors 6 are evenly distributed in a circle, with an included angle of 120° between adjacent distributed fiber optic sensors 6. The three distributed fiber optic sensors 6 are numbered FBG-1, FBG-2, and FBG-3, with angles of 0°, 120°, and 240°, respectively. By embedding distributed fiber optic sensors within the main reinforcement layer 4, health monitoring of the reinforcement material throughout its entire life cycle is achieved. The 120° circumferential arrangement can detect the three-dimensional stress state, and 600 to 1200 monitoring points can be set on a single reinforcement material, with a monitoring accuracy of ±2με. Compared with traditional detection methods, this can reduce manual inspection costs by 90%, provide early warning of structural damage, and avoid sudden accidents. Although it increases manufacturing costs by about 4%, the total life cycle cost can be reduced by more than 15%.

[0046] In this embodiment, 5-10 wt% of nano-ceramic particles (nano-Al2O3, nano-ZrO2 or nano-SiC, particle size 30-80 nm) and 8-15 wt% of flexible toughening agents (such as carboxyl-terminated nitrile rubber or polyetheramine) are added to the reinforced modified resin matrix to achieve uniform stress transfer and effective suppression of crack propagation.

[0047] In this embodiment, the continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber winding layer adopts a mixed laying method of bidirectional ±55° spiral winding fiber 10 and 0° axial fiber 11; the fiber volume content is 55% to 70%, providing the main load-bearing capacity; the main reinforcing layer 4 is prepared by wet winding process, with winding tension controlled at 50 to 150N and winding temperature at 50 to 70℃. First, ±55° spiral winding is performed to form a circumferential load-bearing layer (thickness 2 to 3 mm), and then the 0° axial fiber 11 layer (thickness 1 to 2 mm) is laid to achieve bidirectional reinforcement effect.

[0048] In this embodiment, the outer protective layer 5 is composed of modified resin, 2-5 wt% ultraviolet absorber, 1-3 wt% antioxidant and 5-10 wt% self-lubricating filler; the thickness of the outer protective layer 5 is 0.5-1 mm, providing environmental protection and friction reduction functions.

[0049] In addition, in this embodiment, the interface modification layer 2 is subjected to plasma treatment with a power of 200-300W and a treatment time of 3-5min to form nanoscale roughness (Ra=0.3-0.8μm) and active groups on the metal surface; the silane coupling agent is selected as γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, with a concentration of 2-5wt%, a treatment temperature of 60-80℃, and a curing temperature of 110-130℃; the nano SiO2 particles have a size of 20-50nm, a content of 3-8wt%, and a coating thickness of 50-200μm.

[0050] The interface modification layer 2 is formed by combining graphene-modified carbon fiber with nano-SiO2 modified resin (content 3% to 8%).

[0051] Specific types of modified resins include epoxy and polyurethane.

[0052] The thickness of the transition reinforcement layer 3 is 2-3 mm, the length of the chopped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is 5-15 mm, and the volume content is 30%-45%.

[0053] The thickness of the main reinforcing layer 4 is 3-5 mm. The continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber has a strength ≥3.5 GPa, a modulus ≥130 GPa, and an elongation at break ≥3.0%. The continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber undergoes surface modification treatment before winding, using plasma modification (power 150-250 W, time 1-3 min) or chemical grafting modification (maleic anhydride grafting or silanization treatment) to improve the fiber surface energy and interfacial bonding performance.

[0054] The specific distribution method of the distributed fiber optic sensor 6 is as follows:

[0055] Axial arrangement: Distributed fiber optic sensors 6 are buried along the entire axial direction of the high-strength composite reinforcement, with a Bragg grating monitoring point set every 10mm; the technical parameters of the Bragg grating fiber are: center wavelength 1550nm, strain measurement accuracy ±2με, temperature measurement accuracy ±0.5℃, and measurement range -60℃ to 120℃.

[0056] Radial arrangement: A double-layer configuration is adopted, with distributed optical fiber sensors 6 respectively embedded in the 4th and 12th layers of the transition reinforcement layer 3. The radial spacing between the two layers of distributed optical fiber sensors 6 is 2-3 mm, which can realize radial strain gradient monitoring.

[0057] Circumferential arrangement: Three distributed optical fiber sensors 6 are evenly distributed along the circumference, with an included angle of 120° between adjacent distributed optical fiber sensors 6, numbered FBG-1, FBG-2, and FBG-3.

[0058] Installation method: Distributed optical fiber sensors 6 are simultaneously embedded during the fiber winding process. The specific steps are as follows: After winding the 3rd layer of fiber, lay 3 distributed optical fiber sensors 6 along the marked 0°, 120°, and 240° position lines, apply a pretension of 0.1 to 0.2 N, and temporarily fix them with plastic positioning clips every 50 cm. Then continue to wind the 4th layer of fiber to cover the optical fiber. After winding the 11th layer, repeat the above steps to embed the outer layer of optical fiber. 3 mm inner diameter flexible tubes are pre-embedded at both ends of the reinforcing material. The optical fiber is led out through the flexible tubes, which are filled with silicone rubber for sealing.

[0059] Monitoring function: The demodulator monitors the change of optical fiber reflection wavelength in real time and calculates the strain value according to the formula ε=(Δλ / λ-ST·ΔT) / Sε, where Sε is the strain sensitivity coefficient (1.2pm / με) and ST is the temperature sensitivity coefficient (10pm / ℃). The data comparison of the three optical fibers can determine the eccentric stress of the reinforcement, and the data difference of the double-layer optical fibers can reflect the interface bonding state.

[0060] Fiber optic monitoring system installation: During the winding of the 4th and 12th layers, three Bragg grating optical fibers were simultaneously embedded, each fiber containing 600 monitoring points (10mm spacing); after curing, six optical fibers (three for the inner and three for the outer layers) were led out through pre-embedded flexible tubes at the ends and connected to the FBG demodulator; during initial calibration, the zero-point wavelength values ​​were recorded as follows: FBG-1 inner layer 1550.125nm, outer layer 1550.132nm; FBG-2 inner layer 1550.118nm, outer layer 1550.128nm; FBG-3 inner layer 1550.121nm, outer layer 1550.130nm.

[0061] Performance testing: A tensile stress of 1000MPa was applied to the reinforcing material, and the average strain of the inner layer was measured to be 6050με, the average strain of the outer layer was 6020με, and the strain value deviation of the three optical fibers was <3%, indicating that the stress was uniform; the temperature was increased from 25℃ to 80℃, and the temperature response sensitivity was measured to be 10.2pm / ℃, which is consistent with the theoretical value.

[0062] Specific preparation process of interface modification layer 2:

[0063] Step 1: Plasma surface treatment, with an argon or oxygen atmosphere, a power of 200-300W, and a treatment time of 3-5 minutes, to achieve a metal surface roughness Ra=0.3-0.8μm;

[0064] Step 2: Immerse the inner core layer 1 in a 2-5 wt% silane coupling agent solution at a temperature of 60-80℃ for 30-60 min, and then cure it at 110-130℃ for 15-30 min. The coupling agent is γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0065] Step 3: Coat the treated metal surface with a modified resin layer containing nano-SiO2 particles. The nano-SiO2 particles have a particle size of 20-50nm and a content of 3-8wt%. The coating thickness is 50-200μm. Pre-cur at 80-100℃ for 2-4 hours.

[0066] A method for preparing an extreme environment-suitable high-strength composite reinforcement based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Remove rust and oil from the inner core layer 1, and perform plasma surface treatment;

[0068] Step 2: Prepare interface modification layer 2, and sequentially perform plasma surface treatment to form plasma modified microstructure 7, silane coupling agent chemical treatment to form silane coupling agent molecular layer 8, and nano SiO2 toughening treatment to form nano SiO2 toughening layer 9.

[0069] Step 3: Prepare transition reinforcement layer 3 by uniformly coating a mixture of chopped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers and reinforced modified resin matrix, with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and pre-curing at room temperature;

[0070] Step 4: Main reinforcing layer 4 winding. After surface modification and resin impregnation, the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene continuous fiber is first spiral wound at ±55°, and then the 0° axial fiber 11 is laid.

[0071] Step 5: The molding process is carried out using a stepped temperature curing process. The curing curve is as follows: 60℃ for 2 hours, 80℃ for 3 hours, and 120℃ for 2 hours. The curing pressure is 0.3-0.8MPa.

[0072] Step 6: The outer protective layer 5 is coated by spraying, with a thickness of 0.5-1mm, cured, and then surface treated.

[0073] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0074] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber-based, extreme environment-applicable, high-strength composite rebar, characterized by, The application relates to an extreme environment applicable high-strength composite reinforcing material based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. The inner core layer adopts ultra-high-strength steel or titanium alloy pipe material with a tensile strength greater than or equal to 1200 MPa. The interface modification layer is formed by a three-fold modification process of forming a plasma modification microstructure through plasma surface treatment, forming a silane coupling agent molecular layer through silane coupling agent chemical treatment and forming a nano-SiO2 toughening layer through nano-SiO2 toughening treatment. Three distributed optical fiber sensors are arranged at intervals of 120 degrees. The continuous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber winding layer adopts a bidirectional +55-degree spiral winding fiber and 0-degree axial fiber hybrid laying mode. The extreme environment refers to a working temperature range of -60 DEG C to +120 DEG C. Nano ceramic particles and flexible toughening agents are added to the reinforced modified resin matrix in a proportion of 5-10wt% and 8-15wt%.

2. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber-based extreme environment applicable high-strength composite rebar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer protective layer is composed of modified resin, ultraviolet absorber 2-5wt%, antioxidant 1-3wt% and self-lubricating filler 5-10wt%.

3. The ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber based extreme environment applicable high strength composite rebar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula of the reinforced modified resin matrix of the transition reinforcing layer is as follows: epoxy resin 100 parts, flexible toughening agent 8-15 parts, curing agent 20-35 parts, nano ceramic particles 5-10 parts and coupling agent 0.5-2 parts; the nano ceramic particles are nano Al2O3, nano ZrO2 or nano SiC, and the particle size is 30-80nm.

4. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber-based extreme environment applicable high-strength composite rebar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula of the outer protective layer is as follows: modified resin 100 parts, ultraviolet absorber 2-5 parts, antioxidant 1-3 parts and self-lubricating filler 5-10 parts; the self-lubricating filler is selected from polytetrafluoroethylene powder, graphene or molybdenum disulfide.

5. A preparation method of an extreme environment applicable high-strength composite reinforcing material based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Step 1: rust and oil removal are performed on the inner core layer, and plasma surface treatment is performed; Step 2: an interface modification layer is prepared, and plasma surface treatment is performed to form a plasma modification microstructure, silane coupling agent chemical treatment is performed to form a silane coupling agent molecular layer and nano-SiO2 toughening treatment is performed to form a nano-SiO2 toughening layer; Step 3: a transition reinforcing layer is prepared, and chopped ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber is mixed with a reinforced modified resin matrix and then uniformly coated, with a thickness of 2-3mm and room temperature pre-curing. Step 4: main reinforcement layer winding, after the surface modification and resin impregnation of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene continuous fiber, first ±55° spiral winding is performed, and then 0° axial fiber laying is performed; Step 5: molding is performed by using a step-up temperature curing process, a curing curve is 60°C for 2h, temperature rising to 80°C for 3h, and then temperature rising to 120°C for 2h, and a curing pressure is 0.3-0.8MPa; Step 6: the outer protective layer is coated by using a spraying method, a thickness is 0.5-1mm, and curing and surface treatment are performed.

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