Path loss determination method and related equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a path loss determination method and related equipment, and relates to the field of communication. In the method, on the basis of downlink path loss or uplink path loss between a terminal and a first satellite base station at a first moment, uplink path loss between the terminal and a second satellite base station at a second moment can be determined, and the first moment is earlier than the second moment. Thus, the path loss estimation processing of the second satellite base station and the terminal can be avoided, the second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the ID of the reference signal to the terminal, and the communication overhead required when the second satellite base station and the terminal determine the uplink path loss can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a path loss determination method and related equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In non-terrestrial network (NTN) systems, beam updates are frequent due to satellite movement, resulting in continuous changes in path loss (PL). NTN systems need to frequently instruct user equipment (UE) on the power of the reference signal related to path loss estimation, as well as the unique code (IdentityDocument, ID) of the reference signal. The UE side needs to perform path loss estimation processing frequently, resulting in huge communication overhead. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application provides a path loss determination method and related equipment, which can reduce the communication overhead required by satellite base stations and terminals when determining path loss.

[0004] Firstly, a path loss determination method is provided, which can be executed by a communication device or by a chip within the communication device. The communication device can be a terminal or other similar device.

[0005] The above-mentioned path loss determination method includes the following steps: obtaining a first path loss, which is the downlink path loss or uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment; determining a second path loss based on the first path loss, which is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second moment, wherein the first moment is earlier than the second moment.

[0006] The downlink refers to the link from the satellite base station to the terminal. The uplink refers to the link from the terminal to the satellite base station.

[0007] In this scheme, based on the downlink path loss or uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment, the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at the second moment can be determined. In this way, the second satellite base station and the terminal can avoid path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required by the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the uplink path loss.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, when the first path loss is the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment, the method further includes the step of: receiving indication information sent by the first satellite base station, the indication information being used to indicate that the first path loss is enabled as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station.

[0009] The above method for determining the second path loss based on the first path loss specifically includes the following steps: determining the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information.

[0010] In this scheme, the second path loss is determined based on the first path loss according to the instruction information issued by the first satellite base station. This can effectively reduce the communication overhead required between the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the second path loss.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the aforementioned indication information includes path loss buffer flag information or bit instruction information.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, when the above indication information is bit instruction information, the method further includes the following steps: sending positive feedback information to the first satellite base station, the positive feedback information being used to indicate the existence of a first path loss for the terminal to use.

[0013] In this scheme, after receiving bit instruction information, the communication device determines that there is a first path loss for the terminal to use, and sends positive feedback information to the first satellite base station so that the first satellite base station can make corresponding processing. For example, when the first satellite base station receives positive feedback information, it does not perform path loss estimation processing, and the communication device determines the second path loss.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes the step of receiving the validity period of a first path loss transmitted by a first satellite base station. This validity period can determine the effective time of the first path loss, and within the validity period, a second path loss is determined based on the first path loss; moreover, since the first path loss does not need to be stored for a long period, the memory overhead of the communication equipment can be reduced.

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the determination of the second path loss based on the first path loss specifically includes the following steps: performing frequency conversion based on the first path loss, the carrier frequency of the uplink between the terminal and the second satellite base station, and the carrier frequency of the downlink between the terminal and the second satellite base station to determine the second path loss.

[0016] In this scheme, based on the principle that the higher the carrier frequency, the greater the path loss, the second path loss can be determined by frequency conversion based on the first path loss, the uplink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station, and the downlink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station, thus ensuring the accuracy of the second path loss.

[0017] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, obtaining the first path loss specifically includes the following steps: receiving the first path loss sent by the second satellite base station, wherein the first path loss is obtained by the second satellite base station based on the path loss information received from the first satellite base station, and the path loss information is the uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station.

[0018] In this scheme, the communication equipment receives the first path loss directly from the second satellite base station, without the need for the communication equipment to determine the first path loss.

[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the path loss information includes a path loss list, which is at least a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the location of the terminal, and the location of the satellite base station. The path loss list includes the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station under different conditions, based on the location of the terminal and the location of the satellite base station. The location of the satellite base station is the location of the first satellite base station. For example, when determining the first path loss based on the path loss list, the path loss list is looked up based on the location of the terminal and the location of the second satellite base station to determine the corresponding first path loss, wherein the location of the second satellite base station is substituted into the lookup table for the location of the first satellite base station.

[0020] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, when the first path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment, the second path loss is equal to the first path loss. In other words, the first path loss is used as the second path loss.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes the step of: transmitting the power of a reference signal to a first satellite base station, the power of the reference signal being used to obtain a first path loss. The communication device transmits the power of the reference signal to the first satellite base station to obtain the first path loss.

[0022] Secondly, this application also provides a communication method applied to a first satellite base station. This communication method can be executed by the first satellite base station or by a chip in the first satellite base station.

[0023] The above communication method includes the following steps: sending an indication message to the terminal, the indication message being used to indicate that a first path loss is enabled as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station, the first path loss being the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment.

[0024] In this scheme, the first satellite base station sends indication information to the terminal so that the terminal can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at the second time based on the first path loss. In this way, the second satellite base station and the terminal can avoid path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required by the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the uplink path loss.

[0025] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the aforementioned indication information includes path loss buffer flag information or bit instruction information.

[0026] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, when the above-mentioned indication information is bit instruction information, the above-mentioned communication method further includes the following step: receiving positive feedback information sent by the terminal, the positive feedback information being used to indicate the existence of a first path loss for the terminal to use.

[0027] In this scheme, when the first satellite base station receives the positive feedback information sent by the terminal, the first satellite base station performs corresponding processing. For example, when the first satellite base station receives the positive feedback information, it does not perform path loss estimation processing, and the terminal determines the second path loss.

[0028] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the above communication method further includes the step of sending the validity period of the first path loss to the terminal.

[0029] In this scheme, the first satellite base station also indicates the validity period of the first path loss to the terminal, so that the terminal can determine the second path loss based on the first path loss within the validity period; moreover, since the terminal does not need to store the first path loss for a long time, the terminal's memory overhead can be reduced.

[0030] Thirdly, this application also provides a communication method applied to a second satellite base station, which can be executed by the second satellite base station or by a chip in the second satellite base station.

[0031] The above communication method includes the following steps: receiving path loss information sent by a first satellite base station, wherein the path loss information is the uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station; and sending a first path loss to the terminal based on the path loss information, wherein the first path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment.

[0032] In this scheme, the second satellite base station can determine the terminal's first path loss based on the path loss information sent by the first satellite base station, so that the terminal can determine the second path loss based on the first path loss. The second path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second time. The first time is earlier than the second time. This avoids the second satellite base station and the terminal from performing path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required by the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the uplink path loss.

[0033] In one possible implementation of the third aspect, the aforementioned path loss information includes a path loss list, which is at least a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the location of the terminal, and the location of the satellite base station.

[0034] In one possible implementation of the third aspect, the uplink path loss between the aforementioned terminal and the first satellite base station is obtained by the first satellite base station based on the power of the reference signal transmitted by the terminal.

[0035] Fourthly, this application also provides a path loss determination method, applied to a communication system. The aforementioned communication system includes a terminal, a first satellite base station, and a second satellite base station.

[0036] The aforementioned path loss determination method includes the following steps: A first satellite base station sends indication information to the terminal, which instructs the activation of a first path loss as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station. This first path loss is the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment. The terminal determines a second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information. This second path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second moment, where the first moment is earlier than the second moment.

[0037] In this scheme, the first satellite base station sends indication information to the terminal, and the terminal can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at the second time point based on the first path loss. This avoids the second satellite base station and the terminal performing path loss estimation processing, and the second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and reference signal ID to the terminal, effectively reducing the communication overhead required for the second satellite base station and the terminal to determine the uplink path loss.

[0038] Fifthly, this application also provides a communication system, comprising a terminal, a first satellite base station, and a second satellite base station. The first satellite base station is used to send indication information to the terminal, indicating that a first path loss be enabled as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station. This first path loss is the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment. The terminal is used to determine a second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information. This second path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second moment, where the first moment is earlier than the second moment.

[0039] In the communication system of this scheme, the first satellite base station sends indication information to the terminal, and the terminal can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at the second time based on the first path loss. In this way, the second satellite base station and the terminal can avoid path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required for the second satellite base station and the terminal to determine the uplink path loss.

[0040] Sixthly, this application also provides a path loss determination method, applied to a communication system. The aforementioned communication system includes a terminal, a first satellite base station, and a second satellite base station.

[0041] The path loss determination method described above includes the following steps: A first satellite base station sends path loss information to a second satellite base station, which is the uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station. The second satellite base station sends a first path loss to the terminal based on the path loss information. The first path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment.

[0042] In this scheme, the second satellite base station can determine the terminal's first path loss based on the path loss information sent by the first satellite base station, so that the terminal can determine the second path loss based on the first path loss. The second path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second time. The first time is earlier than the second time. This avoids the second satellite base station and the terminal from performing path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required by the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the uplink path loss.

[0043] Seventhly, this application also provides a communication system comprising a terminal, a first satellite base station, and a second satellite base station. The first satellite base station transmits path loss information to the second satellite base station, the path loss information being uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station. The second satellite base station transmits a second path loss to the terminal based on the path loss information. The aforementioned second path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second time point.

[0044] In the communication system of this scheme, the second satellite base station can determine the second path loss of the terminal based on the path loss information sent by the first satellite base station. This avoids the second satellite base station and the terminal from performing path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required by the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the uplink path loss.

[0045] Eighthly, this application also provides a communication device, which includes units or modules for performing the method described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0046] Ninthly, this application also provides a communication device, including a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and the memory are connected together, wherein the memory is used to store program code, and the processor is used to call the program code to perform the method as described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0047] In a tenth aspect, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that is executed by a processor to implement the method as described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0048] In an eleventh aspect, this application also provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when the computer program product is run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0049] In a twelfth aspect, this application also provides a chip, the chip including a processor and a data interface, wherein the processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the data interface and executes the method described in any one of the first to third aspects.

[0050] Optionally, as one implementation, the chip may further include a memory storing instructions, and the processor is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory. When the instructions are executed, the processor is configured to perform the method described in any one of the first to third aspects. Attached Figure Description

[0051] The accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0052] Figure 1A A schematic diagram of a ground uplink power control framework provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 1B A schematic diagram illustrating a single transmit / receive point / multiple transmit / receive point scenario provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 1C A schematic diagram of path loss for DL ​​and UL at an orbital altitude of 350km, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of an NTN system provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic flowchart of a path loss determination method provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 4A A schematic diagram of a relay satellite service provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0058] Figure 4B A schematic flowchart illustrating a path loss determination method provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 4C A schematic diagram of an inter-satellite interaction provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first satellite base station provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second satellite base station provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a communication device provided for an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions in this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0065] In this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0066] In this application, "at least one" in the embodiments refers to one or more items, and "more than one" refers to two or more items. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, (a and b), (a and c), (b and c), or (a and b and c), where a, b, and c can be single or multiple. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. The step numbers in the embodiments of this application (such as step S1, step S21, etc.) are only for distinguishing different steps and do not limit the order of execution between steps.

[0067] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the use of ordinal numbers such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this application is for distinguishing multiple objects and is not for limiting the order, sequence, priority, or importance of multiple objects. For example, "first device" and "second device" are only for ease of description and do not indicate that the first device and the second device are different in structure, importance, etc. In some embodiments, the first device and the second device may also be the same device.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the term "when..." can be interpreted, depending on the context, as meaning "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". The above descriptions are merely optional embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the concept and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

[0069] refer to Figure 1A , Figure 1AThis application provides a schematic diagram of a terrestrial uplink power control framework for embodiments of the present application. For terrestrial communication systems, the basic framework of uplink power control is open-loop power control without path loss compensation, fast closed-loop power control, and other adjustment variables. The open-loop power control is related to the higher-layer power control configuration parameters of Radio Resource Control (RRC) and partial path loss compensation (related to the reference signal). The fast closed-loop control is power control related to historical transmission power, such as Transmission Power Control (TPC), which is related to the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SNR). The other adjustment variables are power adjustments related to frequency domain resource allocation and link adaptation.

[0070] The channels for uplink power control include the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH), the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH), and the Sounding Reference Signal (SRS). The open-loop power control portion can be expressed as P0 + alpha * PL(q), where P0 is the base station's desired received power level, and the partial path loss compensation factor alpha = {0, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1}. Uplink power control has the following objectives: Objective 1—Allowing the terminal to partially compensate for path loss to reduce interference to neighboring cells and improve the transmission rate at the cell edge. Objective 2—Maximizing overall cell throughput (reduced power from nearby users leads to a decrease in overall cell capacity). Therefore, to achieve a balance, alpha is ultimately set to 0.7 or 0.8.

[0071] The calculation of PL uses the formula PL(q) = referenceSignalPower – filterRSRP, where q is the reference signal index, referenceSignalPower is the power of the reference signal, and filterRSRP is the reference signal receiving power (RSRP) measured when transmitting PRACH. For the same terminal, the path loss for different serving cells is generally different, requiring the maintenance of multiple path loss estimates. In actual use, the base station indicates q to obtain the path loss estimate. To avoid placing excessive demands on the terminal, no more than four path losses are maintained. ReferenceSignalPower is configured using RRC, including two methods: 1) Path loss calculation based on the Synchronization Signal / PBCH Block (SSB), in which case referenceSignalPower is ss-PBCH-BlockPower; 2) Path loss calculation based on the Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), in which case referenceSignalPower is ss-PBCH-BlockPower + powerControlOffsetSS.

[0072] However, in satellite communication systems, taking the NTN system as an example, as the satellite moves, the beam is updated frequently, so the PL will continue to change. The NTN needs to frequently instruct the UE on the power of the reference signal related to the path loss estimation, as well as the ID of the reference signal. The UE side needs to perform path loss estimation processing frequently, resulting in huge communication overhead.

[0073] In addition, power control of terrestrial communication systems typically uses downlink reference signals to estimate uplink PL, that is, the uplink (UL) path loss PL_UL is equal to the downlink (DL) path loss PL_DL, PL_UL = PL_DL.

[0074] refer to Figure 1B , Figure 1BThis illustration provides a schematic diagram of a single Transmission Reception Point (sTRP) / multiple Transmission Reception Point (mTRP) scenario as provided in an embodiment of this application. In this scenario, there is only one TRP that simultaneously supports both DL (Direct Path Loss) and UL (Ultimate Path Loss), and multiple TRPs that support uplink. In this case, the downlink sTRP is used to indicate the path loss offset to obtain the UL PL (Ultimate Path Loss Point) for the non-DL TRP. That is, PL_UL = PL_DL + offset.

[0075] In terrestrial communication systems, this approach has some merit. Specifically, for Time Division Duplexing (TDD) spectrum, the aforementioned PL estimation method (i.e., PL_UL = PL_DL + offset) is more reasonable. For Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) spectrum, there is a risk of uplink / downlink asymmetry. However, terrestrial FDD primarily operates in the FR1 band, and the frequency difference between DL and UL is relatively small, as are the distance differences between different TRPs. Therefore, directly using PL_UL = PL_DL + offset to obtain the uplink PL is not problematic.

[0076] More specifically, for the FR1 frequency range on the ground, with a distance difference of 500 meters, the PL of the DL is 92.23 dB, and the PL of the UL is 93.04 dB, which is relatively small. Therefore, the PL estimation method described above can solve the problem.

[0077] However, NTN systems differ from terrestrial communication systems in at least two ways: First, scenario differences: NTN has insufficient downlink and uplink budgets, resulting in numerous DL mTRP / UL mTRP scenarios. Second, differences in PL estimation: (Refer to...) Figure 1C , Figure 1C This embodiment of the application provides a schematic diagram of path loss (DL) and path loss (UL) at an orbital altitude of 350km. In NTN systems, there is a large difference between DL / UL and UL / UL. These differences result in low accuracy of path loss estimation using the method PL_UL = PL_DL + offset in the NTN system.

[0078] Therefore, this application provides a path loss determination method that can reduce the communication overhead required by satellite base stations and terminals when determining path loss.

[0079] The path loss determination method described above can be executed by a communication device or by a chip within the communication device. This communication device can be a terminal or similar equipment.

[0080] The path loss determination method of this application can be applied to future communication systems such as satellite communication systems (e.g., NTN systems). The aforementioned satellite communication system includes satellite base stations, ground stations, and terminal-type network elements. The satellite base station provides communication services to the terminal. The satellite base station transmits downlink data to the terminal, where the data is encoded using channel coding, and the channel-coded data is then transmitted to the terminal after constellation modulation. The terminal transmits uplink data to the satellite base station, where the uplink data can also be encoded using channel coding, and the encoded data is then transmitted to the satellite base station after constellation modulation.

[0081] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an NTN system is provided for an embodiment of this application; exemplarily, NTN technology integrates satellite communication and 5G technology, and proposes... Figure 2 The network application architecture is shown. The NTN system includes terminal 201, satellite base station 202, ground station 203, and 5G core network.

[0082] Terminal 201 is short for Terminal Equipment, also known as User Equipment (UE). It refers to mobile devices that support 5G New Radio (NR), enabling them to access satellite networks and initiate calls, internet access, and other services via the air interface. It can include various handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities (such as mobile phones, smartwatches, tablets, etc.), in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, IoT terminal devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, as well as various forms of terminals, including Mobile Stations (MS), Terminals, soft terminals, access terminals, Subscriber Units, Terminal Stations, Mobile Stations, Mobile Stations (MS), Remote Stations, Remote Terminals, Mobile Devices, Terminal Equipment Agents, Terminal Equipment Devices, etc. Examples include water meters, electricity meters, and sensors.

[0083] Satellite base station 202 primarily provides wireless access services, allocates wireless resources to access terminals, and provides reliable wireless transmission protocols and data encryption protocols. In this embodiment, terminal 201 accesses the network via a 5G New Radio interface, and satellite base station 202 is a 5G base station; the 5G base station is deployed on a satellite and connected to the ground core network via a wireless link.

[0084] 5G Core Network: Responsible for user access control, mobility management, session management, user security authentication, billing, and other services. It consists of multiple functional units, which can be divided into control plane and data plane functional entities. For example, Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network element 206 is responsible for user access management, security authentication, and mobility management. User Plane Function (UPF) network element 204 is responsible for managing user plane data transmission, traffic statistics, and other functions. Data Network (DN) 205 is the operator network used to provide data transmission services to users, such as IP Multimedia Service (IMS) and the Internet. Session Management Function (SMF) network element 207 is mainly responsible for session management in the mobile network, such as session establishment, modification, and release.

[0085] Ground station 203 is responsible for forwarding signaling and service data between satellite base station 202 and the 5G core network.

[0086] Figure 2 In this embodiment, the 5G New Radio (NR) is the wireless link between the terminal and the base station. The NG interface is the interface between the 5G base station and the 5G core network, mainly exchanging signaling such as NAS of the core network and user service data. Simultaneously, wireless links exist between the satellite base stations 202 to complete signaling interaction and user data transmission between satellite base stations. In this embodiment, the satellite base station 202 is a 5G base station, and the interface between the 5G base stations is the Xn interface, mainly used for signaling interaction such as handover.

[0087] The path loss determination method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below.

[0088] The path loss determination method of this application embodiment is applied to a communication system, which includes a terminal, a first satellite base station, and a second satellite base station.

[0089] refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, the execution subject of the path loss determination method is taken as a terminal, and the above path loss determination method includes the following steps:

[0090] 301. The terminal obtains the first path loss, which is the downlink path loss or uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment.

[0091] The downlink refers to the link from the satellite base station to the terminal. The uplink refers to the link from the terminal to the satellite base station.

[0092] 302. The terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss. The second path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at the second time point. The first time point is earlier than the second time point.

[0093] In this embodiment, the terminal can determine the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at the second time based on the downlink path loss or uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first time. In this way, the second satellite base station and the terminal can avoid path loss estimation processing. The second satellite base station does not need to indicate the reference signal power and the reference signal ID to the terminal, which can effectively reduce the communication overhead required by the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the uplink path loss.

[0094] In one possible implementation, the path loss determination method described above further includes the following steps:

[0095] The first satellite base station sends the validity period of the first path loss to the terminal.

[0096] Accordingly, the validity period of the first path loss received by the terminal from the first satellite base station.

[0097] Specifically, the validity period can determine the effective time of the first path loss. Within the validity period, the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss. Moreover, since the terminal does not need to store the first path loss for a long time (for example, the first path loss can be deleted once its validity period expires), this can reduce the terminal's memory overhead.

[0098] In one possible implementation, when the first path loss is the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment, the path loss determination method further includes the following steps:

[0099] The first satellite base station sends an indication message to the terminal, which indicates that the first path loss should be enabled as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station.

[0100] Accordingly, the terminal receives the instruction information sent by the first satellite base station.

[0101] At this point, step 302 specifically includes the following steps:

[0102] The terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the instruction information.

[0103] In this embodiment, the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the instruction information sent by the first satellite base station. This can effectively reduce the communication overhead required between the second satellite base station and the terminal when determining the second path loss.

[0104] In one possible implementation, step 302 above, when determining the second path loss, specifically includes the following steps:

[0105] The terminal performs frequency conversion based on the first path loss, the uplink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station, and the downlink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station to determine the second path loss.

[0106] In this embodiment, based on the principle that the higher the carrier frequency, the greater the path loss, the second path loss can be determined by frequency conversion based on the first path loss, the uplink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station, and the downlink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station, which can effectively ensure the accuracy of the second path loss.

[0107] For example, assuming the first path loss is PL1, the second path loss is PL2, the uplink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station is Z1, and the downlink carrier frequency between the terminal and the second satellite base station is Z2, then PL1, PL2, Z1, and Z2 satisfy the following equation:

[0108] PL2 = a + 20log10(Z2);

[0109] PL1 = a + 20log10(Z1);

[0110] Therefore, PL2–PL1=20log10(Z2 / Z1), which is also PL2=20log10(Z2 / Z1)+PL1.

[0111] Where a is a constant.

[0112] In one possible implementation, the above-mentioned indication information includes path loss buffer flag information or bit instruction information.

[0113] In one possible implementation, when the aforementioned indication information is path loss buffer flag information, the first satellite base station sends the indication information to the terminal, and the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information. Further, the first satellite base station also sends the validity period of the first path loss to the terminal, and the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss within this validity period. Specifically, within this validity period, the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information.

[0114] In one possible implementation, when the above-mentioned indication information is path loss buffer flag information, when the first satellite base station determines that the terminal is a stationary terminal, it sends the indication information to the terminal, and the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information.

[0115] Specifically, refer to Figure 4A , Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of a relay satellite service provided as an embodiment of this application. This embodiment proposes a power control method based on satellite relay. Terminal 401 estimates the downlink path loss between the first satellite base station 402 and terminal 401, denoted as PL1, and caches it. When the second satellite base station 403 relays the service from the first satellite base station 402, PL1 is used as the downlink path loss PL2 between the second satellite base station 403 and terminal 401, i.e., PL1 = PL2. For example, Figure 4A For scenarios where the terminal does not move, such as a Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) device installed on the roof, when the second satellite base station 403 takes over the service of the terminal 401 from the first satellite base station 402, the second satellite base station 403 and the first satellite base station 402 are in the same location. At this time, PL2 = PL1 can be obtained, thereby simplifying the path loss calculation between the terminal and the second satellite base station.

[0116] Further exemplarily, refer to Figure 4B , Figure 4B A schematic flowchart illustrating a path loss determination method provided for embodiments of this application; including the following steps:

[0117] B401. The terminal reports motion capability information to the first satellite base station.

[0118] Specifically, motion capability information refers to various information indicating the motion state of the terminal, such as the terminal's pose information, speed information, or acceleration information, without any particular limitation.

[0119] B402, the first satellite base station classifies terminals based on motion capability information.

[0120] Specifically, the first satellite base station identifies the terminal's motion state based on the terminal's motion capability information to determine whether the terminal is in a non-motion state or in a motion state. For example, if the terminal's acceleration remains zero for a certain period of time, it can be determined that the terminal is in a non-motion state; otherwise, the terminal is in a motion state.

[0121] B403, The first satellite base station sends a path loss buffer flag to the terminal.

[0122] For example, the aforementioned path loss buffer flag information can be PL_buffer_flag, which instructs the terminal to use the historical downlink PL to perform uplink power control, that is, instructs the terminal to determine the second path loss based on the first path loss, that is, the terminal uses the downlink PL between the first satellite base station and the terminal to perform uplink power control between the terminal and the second satellite base station.

[0123] B404, the validity period of the first path loss sent by the first satellite base station to the terminal.

[0124] Specifically, the first satellite base station indicates the range of the application history downlink PL to the terminal to ensure the freshness of the downlink PL; reduce the terminal's cache and reduce the terminal's memory overhead.

[0125] As a further example, the road loss buffer flag information and validity period can be issued using System Information Block (SIB), RRC message, Media Access Control Element (MACCE), or Downlink Control Information (DCI).

[0126] Accordingly, after receiving the path loss buffer flag information, the terminal stores the previously estimated downlink PL between the first satellite base station and the terminal, which is used for path loss estimation between the second satellite base station and the terminal within its validity period. Specifically, the terminal can perform frequency conversion based on the carrier frequencies of UL and DL and the downlink PL between the first satellite base station and the terminal to finally obtain the uplink PL between the second satellite base station and the terminal.

[0127] Figure 4A and Figure 4B The embodiment shown uses an estimation-free PL acquisition method based on the terminal's location information; this avoids PL estimation between the relay satellite (i.e., the second satellite base station) and the terminal, reduces air interface data transmission and filtering and estimation of RSRP on the terminal side, such as reducing the power of the transmitted reference signal, the ID of the reference signal, and the path loss offset; and allows for low-latency PL determination.

[0128] In one possible implementation, when the above-mentioned indication information is bit instruction information, the path loss determination method further includes the following steps:

[0129] The terminal sends positive feedback information to the first satellite base station, which indicates the existence of a first path loss for the terminal to use.

[0130] Correspondingly, the first satellite base station receives the positive feedback information sent by the terminal.

[0131] In this embodiment, after receiving the bit instruction information sent by the first satellite base station, the terminal determines that there is a first path loss for the terminal to use, and sends positive feedback information to the first satellite base station so that the first satellite base station can make corresponding processing. For example, when the first satellite base station receives the positive feedback information, it does not perform path loss estimation processing, and the terminal determines the second path loss based on the first path loss. The method of this embodiment can be used to obtain the second path loss. For example, when the second satellite base station is an uplink-only (UL-only) base station, the method of this embodiment can be used to successfully obtain the second path loss.

[0132] When the terminal determines that there is no first path loss available for its use, the terminal sends negative feedback information to the first satellite base station. After receiving the negative feedback information, the first satellite base station falls back to the existing path loss determination mechanism. For example, the first satellite base station sends a path loss offset to the terminal. The terminal obtains the PL (PL_UL = PL_DL + offset) of the UL-only link between the second satellite base station and the terminal based on the offset, and performs uplink power control.

[0133] Specifically, when the above indication information is bit instruction information, the path loss determination method includes the following steps:

[0134] S1. The first satellite base station sends bit instruction information to the terminal.

[0135] For example, the bit instruction information is a 1-bit instruction, such as enable. The bit instruction information is used to instruct the terminal to enable the historical first path loss as the downlink PL between the second satellite base station and the terminal, in order to perform uplink power control between the second satellite base station and the terminal.

[0136] S2. Upon receiving the aforementioned bit instruction information, the terminal replies with positive or negative feedback information to the first satellite base station.

[0137] For example, positive feedback can be ACK, and negative feedback can be NACK. Positive feedback indicates the existence of a first path loss for the terminal to use; while negative feedback indicates the absence of a first path loss for the terminal to use.

[0138] For example, when the terminal experiences a first path loss, the terminal sends positive feedback information to the first satellite base station. Conversely, when the terminal experiences a negative path loss, the terminal sends negative feedback information to the first satellite base station.

[0139] S3, processing of the first satellite base station.

[0140] The processing of the first satellite base station includes the following two scenarios:

[0141] Scenario 1: The first satellite base station receives an ACK. In this scenario, the first satellite base station does not perform any processing. That is, the terminal can use the historical downlink PL (i.e., the first path loss) for uplink power control, thus determining the second path loss. Refer to the specific description of determining the second path loss in step 302 above.

[0142] Scenario 2: The first satellite base station receives a NACK. In this scenario, it is necessary to fall back to the existing mechanism, that is, the first satellite base station sends the path loss offset to the terminal, and the terminal obtains the PL (PL_UL = PL_DL + offset) of the UL-only link between the second satellite base station and the terminal based on the offset, and performs uplink power control.

[0143] In this embodiment, for UL-only scenarios, the problem of UL-only base stations being unable to obtain PL is solved by enabling historical downlink PL. Furthermore, a low-latency approach is adopted to address the significant path loss differences caused by the large frequency differences between UL and DL in NTN.

[0144] In one possible implementation, the first satellite base station sends path loss information to the second satellite base station, which is the uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station.

[0145] In addition, step 301 above specifically includes the following steps:

[0146] The second satellite base station sends a first path loss to the terminal. This first path loss is obtained by the second satellite base station based on the path loss information received from the first satellite base station. In this embodiment, the first path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment.

[0147] Correspondingly, the terminal receives the first path loss transmitted by the second satellite base station.

[0148] In this embodiment, the terminal receives the first path loss directly from the second satellite base station, without the terminal needing to determine the first path loss.

[0149] Furthermore, when the aforementioned first path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment, the second path loss is equal to the first path loss. In other words, the terminal uses the first path loss received from the second satellite base station as the second path loss.

[0150] For example, the path loss information mentioned above includes a first path loss or path loss list.

[0151] In one possible implementation, the path loss information is a first path loss. After obtaining the first path loss, the first satellite base station sends the first path loss to the second satellite base station, so that the second satellite base station can send the first path loss to the terminal.

[0152] In another possible implementation, when the aforementioned path loss information is a path loss list, the path loss list is at least a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the location of the terminal, and the location of the satellite base station. The path loss list includes the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station under different conditions, based on the terminal's location and the satellite base station's location. The location of the satellite base station is the location of the first satellite base station. For example, when the second satellite base station determines the first path loss based on the path loss list, it looks up the path loss list based on the terminal's location and the second satellite base station's location to determine the corresponding first path loss. The location of the second satellite base station is substituted into the lookup table for the location of the first satellite base station.

[0153] As a further example, the path loss list may also include at least one of the following: the terminal's working bandwidth (BWP), the terminal's polarization mode, or the satellite base station's polarization mode. The terminal's polarization mode may include horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, while the satellite base station's polarization mode may include left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP). For example, when the path loss list also includes the terminal's working bandwidth, the path loss list is a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the terminal's working bandwidth, the terminal's location, and the satellite base station's location.

[0154] When the path loss list can also include the terminal's operating bandwidth and the polarization mode of the satellite base station, the path loss list is a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the terminal's operating bandwidth, the terminal's location, the satellite base station's location, and the satellite base station's polarization mode. For example, the path loss list is shown in Table 1, where PL is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station.

[0155] Table 1 List of Road Losses

[0156] PL BWP Terminal location Location of satellite base stations Polarization of satellite base stations PL1 BWP1 Loc_UE_1 Loc_SAT_1 LHCP PL2 BWP2 Loc_UE_2 Loc_SAT_2 RHCP … … … … … PLN BWPN Loc_UE_N Loc_SAT_N LHCP

[0157] In one possible implementation, the path loss determination method described above further includes the following steps:

[0158] The power of the reference signal transmitted by the terminal to the first satellite base station is used to obtain the first path loss.

[0159] Accordingly, the power of the reference signal received by the first satellite base station.

[0160] In this embodiment, the terminal sends the power of the reference signal to the first satellite base station so that the first satellite base station can obtain the first path loss based on the power of the reference signal. The specific method for obtaining the first path loss is not particularly limited.

[0161] For example, refer to Figure 4C , Figure 4C This is a schematic diagram of an inter-satellite interaction provided for an embodiment of this application; the path loss determination method in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0162] Step 1: Terminal 401 sends the power of the reference signal to the first satellite base station 402.

[0163] For example, the power of the reference signal can be the SRS signal power, etc.

[0164] Step 2: The first satellite base station 402 performs uplink PL estimation based on the power of the reference signal.

[0165] For example, the first satellite base station 402 obtains the uplink PL based on the power of the reference signal and RSRP, i.e., PL(u) =

[0166] Reference_signal_ul – RSRP_ul; Reference_signal_ul is the power of the reference signal, and RSRP_ul is the measured value of the received power of the reference signal.

[0167] In addition, the first satellite base station 402 obtains a path loss list based on the location of different terminals 401, the location of different satellite base stations, and the corresponding uplink PL. Further exemplarily, the first satellite base station 402 can obtain the path loss list based on the mapping relationship between the uplink path loss between terminal 401 and the first satellite base station 402, the operating bandwidth of terminal 401, the location of terminal 401, the location of the satellite base station, and the polarization mode of the satellite base station, as shown in Table 1 above.

[0168] Step 3: When an inter-satellite handover occurs, the first satellite base station 402 transmits the path loss list 404 to the second satellite base station 403.

[0169] For example, the first satellite base station 402 sends the path loss list 404 to the second satellite base station 403 via inter-satellite links (ISL).

[0170] Step 4: When the second satellite base station 403 schedules the terminal 401, it sends the corresponding uplink PL to the terminal 401.

[0171] Specifically, the second satellite base station 403 looks up the corresponding uplink PL based on the path loss list 404 and sends it to the terminal 401. For example, taking Table 1 as an example, the second satellite base station 403 looks up Table 1 based on the current location of the terminal 401, the location of the satellite base station (i.e., the current location of the second satellite base station 403), the operating bandwidth of the terminal 401, and the polarization mode of the satellite base station (i.e., the current polarization mode of the second satellite base station 403) to obtain the corresponding uplink PL and sends the uplink PL to the terminal 401.

[0172] Step 5: Terminal 401 receives the uplink PL sent by the second satellite base station 403, and sends uplink data to the second satellite base station 403 based on the uplink PL.

[0173] Specifically, the terminal 401 uses the received uplink PL (the original uplink PL between the terminal 401 and the first satellite base station 402, i.e., the first path loss) as the uplink PL between the terminal 401 and the second satellite base station 403, i.e., the second path loss.

[0174] This application's embodiments utilize Figure 4C The embodiment shown can avoid PL estimation between relay satellite and terminal, reduce air interface data transmission and filtering and estimation of RSRP on the terminal side, such as reducing the power of transmitted reference signal, ID of reference signal and offset of path loss; it can determine PL with low latency, and solve the problem of large path loss difference (more than 3dB) caused by the large frequency difference between UL and DL in NTN.

[0175] The apparatus provided in this application will now be described in detail.

[0176] This application provides a communication device that includes units or modules for performing the methods described in any of the above embodiments. The communication device can be a terminal, a first satellite base station, or a second satellite base station.

[0177] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 The terminal shown can be used to implement the above. Figure 3 The path loss determination method embodiment shown can achieve the same functionality and thus also the beneficial effects of the path loss determination method embodiment described above. In the embodiments of this application, the terminal can be an electronic device or a module (such as a chip) applied in an electronic device.

[0178] like Figure 5As shown, terminal 500 includes an acquisition module 510 and a determination module 520. Terminal 500 is used to implement the functions of the above-described path loss determination method embodiment. Alternatively, terminal 500 may include a module for implementing any function or operation of the above-described path loss determination method embodiment, which may be implemented wholly or partially by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0179] When terminal 500 is used to implement the functions of the above-described path loss determination method embodiment, acquisition module 510 is used to acquire a first path loss, which is the downlink path loss or uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment. Determination module 520 is used to determine a second path loss based on the first path loss, which is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second moment, wherein the first moment is earlier than the second moment.

[0180] In one possible implementation, the aforementioned first path loss is the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment, referring to... Figure 5 The terminal 500 also includes a receiving module 530.

[0181] The receiving module 530 is used to receive indication information sent by the first satellite base station, which indicates that the first path loss is enabled as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station.

[0182] The aforementioned determining module 520 is specifically used to determine the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information.

[0183] In one possible implementation, the above-mentioned indication information includes path loss buffer flag information or bit instruction information.

[0184] In one possible implementation, when the above-mentioned indication information is bit instruction information, refer to Figure 5 The aforementioned terminal 500 also includes a sending module 540.

[0185] The sending module 540 is used to send positive feedback information to the first satellite base station. The positive feedback information is used to indicate the existence of a first path loss for the terminal to use.

[0186] In one possible implementation, the receiving module 530 is further configured to receive the validity period of the first path loss transmitted by the first satellite base station.

[0187] In one possible implementation, the determining module 520, in determining the second path loss based on the first path loss, is specifically used to: perform frequency conversion based on the first path loss, the carrier frequency of the uplink between the terminal and the second satellite base station, and the carrier frequency of the downlink between the terminal and the second satellite base station to determine the second path loss.

[0188] In one possible implementation, the acquisition module 510 is specifically used to receive the first path loss sent by the second satellite base station. The first path loss is obtained by the second satellite base station based on the path loss information received from the first satellite base station. The path loss information is the uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station.

[0189] In one possible implementation, the path loss information includes a path loss list, which is at least a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the location of the terminal, and the location of the satellite base station.

[0190] In one possible implementation, when the first path loss is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment, the second path loss is equal to the first path loss. In other words, the first path loss is used as the second path loss.

[0191] In one possible implementation, the above-mentioned transmitting module 540 is further configured to transmit the power of a reference signal to the first satellite base station, the power of which is used to obtain the first path loss.

[0192] For a description of each of the above modules, please refer to the description of the aforementioned path loss determination method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0193] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a first satellite base station provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 The first satellite base station shown can be used to implement the functions of the first satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the first satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, the first satellite base station can be an electronic device, or it can be a module (such as a chip) applied in an electronic device.

[0194] like Figure 6As shown, the first satellite base station 600 includes a transmission module 610. The first satellite base station 600 is used to implement the functions of the first satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiment. Alternatively, the first satellite base station 600 may include a module for implementing any function or operation of the first satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiment, and this module may be implemented wholly or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0195] When the first satellite base station 600 is used to implement the function of the first satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiment, the sending module 610 is used to send indication information to the terminal. The indication information is used to indicate that the first path loss is enabled as the downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station. The first path loss is the downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first moment.

[0196] In one possible implementation, the above-mentioned indication information includes path loss buffer flag information or bit instruction information.

[0197] In one possible implementation, when the above-mentioned indication information is bit instruction information, the first satellite base station 600 further includes a receiving module 620.

[0198] The receiving module 620 is used to receive positive feedback information sent by the terminal, which indicates that there is a first path loss available for the terminal to use.

[0199] In one possible implementation, the sending module 610 is further configured to send the validity period of the first path loss to the terminal.

[0200] For a description of each of the above modules, please refer to the description of the first satellite base station in the aforementioned path loss determination method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0201] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a second satellite base station provided for an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 The second satellite base station shown can be used to implement the functions of the second satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiments, and therefore can also achieve the beneficial effects of the second satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiments. In the embodiments of this application, the second satellite base station can be an electronic device, or it can be a module (such as a chip) applied in an electronic device.

[0202] like Figure 7As shown, the second satellite base station 700 includes a receiving module 710. The second satellite base station 700 is used to implement the functions of the second satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiment. Alternatively, the second satellite base station 700 may include a module for implementing any function or operation of the second satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiment, and this module may be implemented wholly or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.

[0203] When the second satellite base station 700 is used to implement the function of the second satellite base station in the above-described path loss determination method embodiment, the receiving module 710 is used to receive path loss information sent by the first satellite base station, which is the uplink path loss information between the terminal and the first satellite base station. The sending module 720 is used to send a first path loss to the terminal based on the path loss information, which is the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first moment.

[0204] In one possible implementation, the path loss information includes a path loss list, which is at least a mapping table between the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, the location of the terminal, and the location of the satellite base station.

[0205] In one possible implementation, the uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station is obtained by the first satellite base station based on the power of the reference signal transmitted by the terminal.

[0206] For a description of each of the above modules, please refer to the description of the second satellite base station in the aforementioned path loss determination method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0207] refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application; the communication device 800 includes a processor 810 and an interface circuit 820. The processor 810 and the interface circuit 820 are coupled to each other. It is understood that the interface circuit 820 can be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Optionally, the communication device 800 may further include a memory 830 for storing instructions executed by the processor 810, or storing input data required by the processor 810 to execute instructions, or storing data generated after the processor 810 executes instructions. The memory 830 can be one or more, and the processor 810 can be one or more.

[0208] When communication device 800 is used to implement Figure 3 When the path loss determination method shown is used, the processor 810 is used to implement the function of the determination module 520, and the interface circuit 820 is used to implement the functions of the acquisition module 510, the receiving module 530, and the sending module 540.

[0209] When the communication device 800 is used to implement the function of the first satellite base station in the above-mentioned path loss determination method, the interface circuit 820 is used to implement the functions of the above-mentioned transmitting module 610 and receiving module 620.

[0210] When the communication device 800 is used to implement the function of the second satellite base station in the above path loss determination method, the interface circuit 820 is used to implement the functions of the above receiving module 710 and transmitting module 720.

[0211] When the aforementioned communication device 800 is a chip applied to a network device, the network device chip implements the functions of the network device in the above method embodiments. The network device chip receives information from other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the network device, which is information sent by the terminal device to the network device; or, the network device chip sends information to other modules (such as radio frequency modules or antennas) in the network device, which is information sent by the network device to the terminal device.

[0212] For example, the communication device 800 may be a chip or a chip system.

[0213] It is understood that the processor 810 in the embodiments of this application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0214] The memory 830 may be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 830 may store a program, and when the program stored in the memory 830 is executed by the processor 810, the processor 810 performs the various steps of the path loss determination method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0215] This application also provides a communication system, which includes the terminal, first satellite base station and second satellite base station described in any of the above embodiments.

[0216] The method steps in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware or by a processor executing software instructions. The software instructions can consist of corresponding software modules, which can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, portable hard disks, CD-ROMs, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the storage medium. Of course, the storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and storage medium can reside in an ASIC. Additionally, the ASIC can reside in a network device or terminal device. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium can exist as discrete components in the network device or terminal device.

[0217] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are performed entirely or partially. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user equipment, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions can be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, hard disk, or magnetic tape; it can also be an optical medium, such as a digital video optical disc; or it can be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid-state drive.

[0218] In the various embodiments of this application, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationship.

Claims

1. A path loss determination method, characterized by, The method comprises: obtaining a first path loss, the first path loss being a downlink path loss or an uplink path loss between a terminal and a first satellite base station at a first time point; determining a second path loss based on the first path loss, the second path loss being an uplink path loss between the terminal and a second satellite base station at a second time point, the first time point being earlier than the second time point.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first path loss is a downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first time point, and the method further comprises: receiving indication information sent by the first satellite base station, the indication information being used to indicate that the first path loss is enabled as a downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station; The determination of the second path loss based on the first path loss comprises: determining the second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The indication information comprises road loss cache flag information or bit instruction information.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The indication information is the bit instruction information, and the method further comprises: sending positive feedback information to the first satellite base station, the positive feedback information being used to indicate that the first path loss exists for the terminal to use.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving a validity period of the first path loss sent by the first satellite base station.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The determination of the second path loss based on the first path loss comprises: frequency conversion according to the first path loss, a carrier frequency of an uplink between the terminal and the second satellite base station, and a carrier frequency of a downlink between the terminal and the second satellite base station to determine the second path loss.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The obtaining of the first path loss comprises: receiving the first path loss sent by the second satellite base station, the first path loss being obtained by the second satellite base station based on path loss information received from the first satellite base station, the path loss information being information of an uplink path loss between a terminal and the first satellite base station.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The path loss information comprises a road loss list, and the road loss list is at least a mapping table between an uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, a position of the terminal, and a position of the satellite base station.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The first path loss is an uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at the first time point, and the second path loss is equal to the first path loss.

10. The method according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that, The method further comprises: sending a power of a reference signal to the first satellite base station, the power of the reference signal being used to obtain the first path loss.

11. A communication method, comprising: Applied to a first satellite base station, the method comprises: sending indication information to a terminal, the indication information being used to indicate that a first path loss is enabled as a downlink path loss between the terminal and a second satellite base station, the first path loss being a downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first time point.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The indication information comprises road loss cache flag information or bit instruction information.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein, The indication information is the bit instruction information, and the method further comprises: Receiving forward feedback information sent by the terminal, the forward feedback information being used to indicate that the first path loss exists for the terminal to use.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, The method further comprises: Sending an effective period of the first path loss to the terminal.

15. A method of communication, comprising: The method applied to a second satellite base station comprises: Receiving path loss information sent by a first satellite base station, the path loss information being information of uplink path loss between a terminal and the first satellite base station; Based on the path loss information, sending a first path loss to the terminal, the first path loss being uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first time.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The path loss information comprises a path loss list, the path loss list being at least a mapping table between uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station, a position of the terminal and a position of the satellite base station.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station is obtained by the first satellite base station based on power of a reference signal sent by the terminal.

18. A path loss determination method, characterized by, The method applied to a communication system comprising a terminal, a first satellite base station and a second satellite base station comprises: The first satellite base station sends indication information to the terminal, the indication information being used to indicate that a first path loss is enabled as downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station, the first path loss being downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first time; The terminal determines a second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information, the second path loss being uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second time, the first time being earlier than the second time.

19. A communication system, characterized by The communication system comprises a terminal, a first satellite base station and a second satellite base station, wherein The first satellite base station is configured to send indication information to the terminal, the indication information being used to indicate that a first path loss is enabled as downlink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station, the first path loss being downlink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first time; The terminal is configured to determine a second path loss based on the first path loss according to the indication information, the second path loss being uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second time, the first time being earlier than the second time.

20. A path loss determination method, comprising: The method applied to a communication system comprising a terminal, a first satellite base station and a second satellite base station comprises: The first satellite base station sends path loss information to the second satellite base station, the path loss information being information of uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station; The second satellite base station sends a first path loss to the terminal based on the path loss information, the first path loss being uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station at a first time.

21. A communication system, characterized by The communication system comprises a terminal, a first satellite base station and a second satellite base station, wherein The first satellite base station is configured to send path loss information to the second satellite base station, the path loss information being information of uplink path loss between the terminal and the first satellite base station; The second satellite base station is configured to send a second path loss to the terminal based on the path loss information, the second path loss being uplink path loss between the terminal and the second satellite base station at a second time.

22. A communications device, characterized by The device comprises units or modules for performing the method of any one of claims 1-17.

23. A communications device, characterized by A device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the processor and the memory are connected, wherein the memory is configured to store program code, and the processor is configured to invoke the program code to perform the method of any one of claims 1-17.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the method of any one of claims 1-17.

Images