Liquid guide part and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid guide piece and a preparation method thereof, the liquid guide piece is composed of a three-dimensional metal wire body prepared by disorderly paving, shaping, sintering and forming metal wires, the diameter of the metal wire as a preparation raw material of the three-dimensional metal wire body is 1-40 microns, the length is 5-10 mm, and the wire paving amount is 0.1-0.2 g / cm < 2 >. Through collaborative optimization of the pore structure, the surface hydrophilicity and the structural compactness, the liquid locking and liquid guiding capacity of the metal liquid guiding piece on solutions with propylene glycol and glycerol as matrixes is remarkably improved, the technical scheme can be directly applied to the field of novel tobaccos and can also be expanded to the scenes of aromatherapy, humidifiers, medical atomization and the like, and wide application prospects are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of tobacco atomization equipment, more particularly, to a liquid guide and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing new type of tobacco atomization equipment, the liquid guide is a key component for realizing liquid transmission and keeping the core atomization component "wet", and needs to have excellent liquid guiding capacity (fast absorption of solution, which can be understood as "fast absorption"), liquid storage capacity (saturated liquid absorption amount, which can be understood as "absorption of more per unit volume") and liquid locking capacity (liquid is "locked" and does not leak under the influence of gravity and external force).

[0003] Currently, the nicotine mixed solution (tobacco tar) used in the new type of tobacco atomization is based on propylene glycol (C3H8O2) + glycerol (C3H8O3) as the main component, both of which contain multiple hydroxyl groups (-OH). The oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group has a much greater electronegativity than the hydrogen atom, resulting in the electron in the O-H bond being biased towards the oxygen atom, making the oxygen atom carry a partial negative charge and the hydrogen atom carry a partial positive charge, forming a "polar bond". At the same time, due to the asymmetry of the molecular structure of the two, the positive and negative charge centers of the molecule do not coincide, so the propylene glycol and glycerol solution is a typical "polar molecule". In addition to propylene glycol and glycerol, the tobacco tar also contains nicotine, water, various acidic flavors, etc. The polar molecule properties of propylene glycol and glycerol will combine with polar solvents (such as water) through hydrogen bonds, further maintaining the polarity of the solution. This polar surface determines that it is more easily attracted to substances with the same polar surface, and it is difficult to be attracted to substances with a non-polar surface. This attraction is called "hydrophilicity". The better the hydrophilicity, the stronger the liquid guiding capacity.

[0004] The liquid storage capacity depends on the porosity, pore size distribution, and pore connectivity of the liquid guide. The higher the porosity, the greater the volume liquid absorption amount (unit volume liquid Qv). The pore size distribution needs to be moderate. If the pore size is a single pore and is set too high, although the porosity is improved, it is easy to cause liquid loss and reduce the liquid locking capacity. On the contrary, it will hinder the penetration of high viscosity solution and reduce Qv. The better the pore connectivity, the easier the solution penetrates into all pores, avoiding closed pores that cannot absorb liquid, and improving the actual effective value of Qv.

[0005] Liquid-locking ability is an external manifestation of three major characteristics of liquid-conducting materials: pore structure, surface wettability, and mechanical stability. Compared to two-dimensional structures, three-dimensional pore structures "encapsulate" and lock the liquid in, making it less likely to leak along a single channel during vibration or inversion. The uniformity of the pore structure is reflected in smaller pore size fluctuations and more uniform capillary forces, avoiding localized "large channel" leakage. Surface wettability is related to the hydrophilicity of the material; the better the hydrophilicity, the less the contact angle between the liquid and the material surface (<90 degrees), which not only effectively and quickly adsorbs the liquid onto the pore walls but also effectively stimulates capillary action, achieving rapid liquid conduction. Mechanical stability is reflected in the rigidity and density of the material. Material rigidity ensures that the material does not deform after liquid absorption and the pore structure remains stable, resulting in stable and reliable liquid-locking over a long period. Dense structure ensures that the pores do not deform; the less deformable the pores, the less likely the liquid is to leak from between them, and the smaller the leakage during vibration.

[0006] Current mainstream liquid-conducting components utilize fabrics such as non-woven fabrics, linen, and aramid fibers; three-dimensional porous components such as porous ceramics and porous metals; and two-dimensional porous components such as metal / non-metal meshes and open-cell glass. Fabric-based liquid-conducting components have polar surfaces, while aramid fibers have neutral-polar surfaces, possessing liquid-conducting capabilities. However, these fabrics, being soft materials, have poor mechanical stability and typically require multiple layers and specific structural components for fixation to increase liquid storage capacity and saturation. Porous ceramics and porous metals possess rigidity and three-dimensional pores, and their surface pores easily become hydrophilic after absorbing water. However, they are complex to manufacture, have large tolerances, and when used as liquid-conducting materials, they need to be used in conjunction with soft fabrics to mitigate these tolerances. Furthermore, porous ceramic materials are fragile and can cause pore blockage, leading to interruption of liquid conduction. Two-dimensional porous components such as metal / non-metal meshes and open-cell glass have inherent limitations in their liquid-locking capabilities due to the characteristics of their two-dimensional pores.

[0007] In summary, when applied to new tobacco devices, the poor liquid guiding capacity of the liquid guiding component leads to insufficient liquid supply during continuous operation, resulting in "dry burning." Insufficient liquid storage capacity leads to excessive liquid supply and leakage when the liquid volume in the device's storage chamber changes (e.g., near depletion). Insufficient liquid retention also causes leakage. These deficiencies all affect atomization efficiency and flavor. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a dimensionally stable liquid guiding component with strong liquid guiding, storage, and retention capabilities to overcome the shortcomings of existing products and achieve an efficient replacement of traditional liquid guiding components. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a liquid guiding component with excellent liquid guiding capacity, liquid storage capacity and liquid locking capacity, and extremely high stability and adaptability.

[0009] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned liquid guiding component, which can precisely control the performance of the three-dimensional capillary metal liquid guiding component and has good repeatability.

[0010] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows: A liquid guiding component, The liquid guiding component is composed of a three-dimensional metal wire body obtained by disordered laying, shaping, sintering, and forming of metal wires. The raw material for preparing the three-dimensional metal wire body has a diameter of 1-40 μm, a length of 5-10 mm, and a wire laying amount of 0.1-0.2 g / cm³. 2 .

[0011] The porosity of the liquid guiding component is 30%-85%, and when the liquid guiding component is applied to the atomization of a mixed solution of propylene glycol and glycerol, its porosity is preferably 75%-85%.

[0012] The liquid guiding component comprises three layers of three-dimensional metal filaments. The bottom and top layers of the three-dimensional metal filaments are made of raw material metal filaments with a diameter of 5-15 μm. The middle layer of the three-dimensional metal filaments is made of raw material metal filaments with a diameter of 20-30 μm. The bottom and top layers of the three-dimensional metal filaments account for 25%-30% of the total thickness, the middle layer of the three-dimensional metal filaments accounts for 40%-50%, and the total thickness of the liquid guiding component is 0.1-0.8 mm.

[0013] One method for preparing the liquid guiding component as described above includes the following steps: Step 1) Construct a three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 1-40 μm using a disordered wire laying method; or A three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 5-15μm is built by randomly laying metal wires to form the bottom layer. Then, a three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 20-30μm is built by randomly laying metal wires to form the middle layer. Finally, a three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 5-15μm is built by randomly laying metal wires to form the top layer. Step 2) Shaping Pre-compression and shaping; the needle punching machine forms Z-axis fiber bundles, integrating the three-layer three-dimensional metal filaments; Step 3) Sintering The completed loose structure is placed in a high-temperature furnace for sintering; Step 4) Molding Rolled, then laser-cut or stamped into the target shape.

[0014] 5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the metal wire is 5mm-10mm; The raw material for the metal wire includes at least one of SUS304, SUS316L, SUS310, titanium, or titanium alloy.

[0015] The metal wire can be obtained by the following method: Metal raw materials are used to prepare metal wires with controllable diameters through melt drawing. It is necessary to ensure that the diameter error of the drawing die is ≤ ±0.05μm and the drawing speed is controlled at 5m / min-10m / min to ensure wire diameter uniformity. After cutting, wire segments with a length of 5mm-10mm are screened, ultrasonically cleaned with a neutral degreasing agent for 15-30 minutes, and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2 hours for later use.

[0016] In step 1), the overall wire laying amount of the three-dimensional metal wire structure is 0.1-0.2 g / cm³. 2 Alternatively, the wire placement amount of the bottom and top three-dimensional metal wire structures is 0.15-0.2 g / cm³. 2 The fiber placement amount of the three-dimensional metal wire structure in the intermediate layer is 0.1-0.12 g / cm³. 2 .

[0017] Among them, step 2) pre-compression and shaping is specifically as follows: apply light pressure of 1MPa for 10 seconds to initially bond the three-dimensional metal wire structure.

[0018] In step 2), the three-dimensional metal wire structure is needled using a needle punching machine. The needle punching depth is 0.3-1mm, the metal wire entanglement density is controlled, the needle punching density is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle punching force is set to 0.3-1N. Alternatively, the needle-punching density of the bottom / top layer three-dimensional metal wires is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle-punching force is set to 0.8-1N; the needle-punching density of the middle layer three-dimensional metal wires is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle-punching force is set to 0.3-0.5N; the needle-punching density of the bottom layer three-dimensional metal wires is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle-punching force is set to 0.8-1N; after needle-punching, Z-direction fiber bundles are formed between the three-dimensional structures of adjacent two layers of three-dimensional metal wires, so that the three-dimensional structure of the three-dimensional metal wires is integrated.

[0019] Specifically, step 3) involves placing the needle-punched three-dimensional metal wire structure into a high-temperature furnace, introducing a protective atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen in a 1:1 volume ratio, and controlling the sintering curve according to the following core parameters: Preheating and degreasing stage: Raise the temperature from room temperature to 300-600℃ and keep it at that temperature for 30-60 minutes to remove residual moisture and impurities from the surface of the metal wire; High-temperature sintering stage: The temperature is increased from 300-600℃ to 1100-1300℃, with the heating rate controlled at 5℃ / min, and held for 60-120 minutes. This allows atomic diffusion to occur at the contact points of the metal wires, forming a metallurgical bond. The porosity is controlled by the sintering temperature and holding time: 1100℃ for 60 minutes corresponds to a porosity of 85%, and 1300℃ for 120 minutes corresponds to a porosity of 30%. Cooling stage: The temperature is naturally reduced from 1100-1300℃ to room temperature to avoid structural deformation caused by thermal stress and to form a stable three-dimensional metal filament.

[0020] Specifically, the rolling process in step 4) is as follows: Apply a pressure of 3MPa-10MPa using a flatbed press (select 3MPa-8MPa here when the liquid guide is used for atomizing low-viscosity solutions, and select 5MPa-10MPa here when the liquid guide is used for atomizing high-viscosity solutions), control the compression rate to 5%-15%, and adjust the average capillary pore size of the three-dimensional metal wire to 5μm-60μm.

[0021] Step 4) is followed by step 5) laser sealing or applying silicone sealant to seal the edge gaps.

[0022] The specific process for laser edge sealing is a power of 300W-500W and a scanning speed of 5mm / s-10mm / s; The coating thickness of the silicone sealant is ≤3μm.

[0023] The process includes step 6) following the laser sealing process (step 5), and selecting one of the following methods for surface hydrophilicity modification: High-temperature oxidation modification: The three-dimensional metal wire is kept in an air atmosphere furnace at 400℃-800℃ for 1-2 hours to form an oxide layer rich in hydroxyl (-OH) on its surface; Hydrophilic coating modification: A hydrophilic coating of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyethylene glycol derivative is applied to the surface of the three-dimensional metal wire by dip coating. The coating thickness is 1μm-5μm, and the coating is dried and cured at 60℃. Oxygen plasma modification: Place the sample into a plasma treatment instrument, set the power to 100W-200W, and the treatment time to 5min-15min to activate the active sites on the metal surface and improve the surface properties.

[0024] One method for preparing a liquid-conducting component according to the present invention is as follows (without stratification): The metal wire is made of SUS316L stainless steel. The wire diameter is 1μm-40μm prepared by drawing or melt drawing method. The drawing die aperture error is ≤±0.05μm. After cutting, the metal wire segments with a length of 5mm-10mm are screened, ultrasonically cleaned with neutral degreasing agent for 15-30 minutes to remove surface oil and impurities, and dried in an 80℃ oven for 2 hours for later use. Step 1) The dried metal wires are randomly laid in a special mold. A three-dimensional structure is built using a "layered laying" and "quantitative control of each layer" process. Metal wires with a diameter of 5-30μm are randomly laid to build the bottom three-dimensional metal wire structure, with a laying amount of 0.1-0.2g / cm³.2 ; Step 2) Shaping Pre-compression shaping: Apply light pressure of 1MPa for 10 seconds to achieve initial bonding of the three-dimensional structure; The needle punching machine forms a Z-axis fiber bundle, and the three-dimensional metal wire structure is needle punched with the needle punching machine. The needle punching depth is 0.3-1mm, the metal wire entanglement density is controlled, the needle punching density is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle punching force is set to 0.3-1N; to integrate the three-dimensional metal wire, it is preferable to use a "plum blossom-shaped needle hole distribution" with a spacing of 0.5mm to avoid excessive local puncture; Step 3) Sintering The needle-punched three-dimensional metal wire structure is placed in a high-temperature furnace, and a protective atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen mixed in a 1:1 volume ratio is introduced. Sintering is performed according to the following core parameters and control curve: Preheating and degreasing stage: Raise the temperature from room temperature to 300-600℃ and keep it at that temperature for 30-60 minutes to remove residual moisture and impurities from the surface of the metal wire; High-temperature sintering stage: The temperature is increased from 300-600℃ to 1100-1300℃, with the heating rate controlled at 5℃ / min, and held for 60-120 minutes. This allows atomic diffusion to occur at the contact points of the metal wires, forming a metallurgical bond. The porosity is controlled by the sintering temperature and holding time: 1100℃ for 60 minutes corresponds to a porosity of 85%, and 1300℃ for 120 minutes corresponds to a porosity of 30%. Cooling stage: The temperature is naturally reduced from 1100-1300℃ to room temperature to avoid structural deformation caused by thermal stress and to form a stable three-dimensional metal filament; Step 4) Molding Rolling is performed using a flatbed press with a pressure of 3MPa-10MPa (3MPa-8MPa is suitable for low viscosity solutions, and 5MPa-10MPa is suitable for high viscosity solutions). The compression rate is controlled at 5%-15%, and the average capillary diameter of the three-dimensional metal wire is adjusted to 5μm-60μm. Step 5) Edge sealing Laser cutting or stamping into the target shape; laser sealing or coating with silicone sealant to seal edge gaps, wherein the specific process of laser sealing is 300W-500W power and scanning speed 5mm / s-10mm / s; the coating thickness of the silicone sealant is ≤3μm.

[0025] Step 6) Select one of the following methods to modify the surface hydrophilicity: High-temperature oxidation modification: The three-dimensional metal wire is kept in an air atmosphere furnace at 400℃-800℃ for 1-2 hours. Preferably, the three-dimensional metal wire made of stainless steel is kept in an air atmosphere furnace at 600℃-800℃ for 1-1.5 hours, and the three-dimensional metal wire made of titanium alloy is kept in an air atmosphere furnace at 400℃-500℃ for 1.5-2 hours, so that an oxide layer rich in hydroxyl (-OH) is formed on its surface. Hydrophilic coating modification: A hydrophilic coating of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or polyethylene glycol derivative is applied to the surface of the three-dimensional metal wire by dip coating. The coating thickness is controlled between 1μm and 5μm and then dried and cured at 60℃. Oxygen plasma modification: Place the sample into a plasma treatment instrument, set the power to 100W-200W, and the treatment time to 5min-15min to activate the active sites on the metal surface and improve the surface properties.

[0026] One method for preparing a liquid-conducting component according to the present invention is as follows (three-layer structure): Except for steps 1) and 2), the remaining methods are consistent with the preparation method of non-layered liquid guiding components, as detailed below: Step 1) The dried metal wires are randomly laid in a special mold. A three-dimensional structure is built using a "layered laying" and "quantitative control of each layer" process. Metal wires with a diameter of 5-15 μm are used to build the bottom three-dimensional metal wire structure through random laying. Then, metal wires with a diameter of 20-30 μm are used to build the middle three-dimensional metal wire structure through random laying. Finally, metal wires with a diameter of 5-15 μm are used to build the top three-dimensional metal wire structure through random laying. The wire laying amount for the bottom / top three-dimensional metal wire structure is 0.15-0.2 g / cm³. 2 The amount of three-dimensional metal wire laid in the intermediate layer is 0.1-0.12 g / cm³. 2 The three-dimensional metal filaments in the bottom and top layers account for 25%-30% of the total thickness, the three-dimensional metal filaments in the middle layer account for 40%-50%, and the total thickness of the liquid guiding component is 0.1-0.8mm. The metal structure obtained by layering has a different degree of looseness in each layer, rather than a metal structure with a uniform degree of looseness obtained by uniform laying. In step 2), the three-dimensional metal wire structure is needled using a needle punching machine. The needle punching density of the bottom / top three-dimensional metal wire is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle punching force is set to 0.8-1N. The needle punching density of the middle three-dimensional metal wire is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle punching force is set to 0.3-0.5N. The needle punching density of the bottom three-dimensional metal wire is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle punching force is set to 0.8-1N. After the needle punching is completed, Z-direction fiber bundles are formed between adjacent three-dimensional metal wire structures, making the three-dimensional metal wire structure integrated.

[0027] Furthermore, a "plum blossom-shaped needle hole distribution" with a spacing of 0.5 mm can be used to avoid excessive local puncture.

[0028] Compared to existing technologies, the three-dimensional capillary metal liquid guiding component provided by this invention achieves multi-layer pore size differentiation through "layer pre-setting - gradient process - directional shaping". Unlike existing sintered porous metals that pursue the overall pore size and pore size of the parts as uniform as possible, the liquid guiding component of this invention forms a multi-level structure of "bottom / top layer micropores and middle layer macropores". It has excellent liquid guiding capacity, liquid storage capacity and liquid locking capacity. Moreover, the three-dimensional capillary metal body is an independent component that can replace the liquid guiding parts in existing atomization equipment, and has high adaptability.

[0029] The three-dimensional capillary metal body of the present invention has the following advantages: Significantly improved liquid retention capacity: Through the synergistic effect of multi-level pore structure, surface hydrophilic modification and structural densification, the saturated liquid absorption of propylene glycol-glycerol mixed solution is ≥1.2g / cm³, the leakage rate after standing for 24 hours is ≤0.5%, and there is no obvious overflow under shaking conditions, meeting the core requirements of portable atomizing devices. High dimensional stability: Made of non-soft metal material, it does not deform under liquid absorption, and its mass production consistency is better than that of fabric liquid guide parts, thus improving the product stability of atomization equipment; Long service life: The metal material has a yield strength of >205Mpa (such as SUS316L stainless steel), is fatigue-resistant, wear-resistant, and has good chemical stability. It does not react with propylene glycol and glycerol solutions, and its service life far exceeds that of traditional liquid guiding components. Wide compatibility: It can directly replace the liquid guiding parts of existing atomizing equipment of different types without major modifications to the equipment structure, and is compatible with nicotine mixtures of different viscosities and formulations; High process compatibility: The preparation process is compatible with existing metal porous material processing equipment, eliminating the need for additional specialized equipment and facilitating industrial mass production.

[0030] Compared to existing technologies, the liquid guiding component provided by this invention is composed of a three-dimensional metal filament body obtained by disordered laying, shaping, sintering, and molding of metal wires. The raw material for preparing the three-dimensional metal filament body has a diameter of 1-40 μm, a length of 5-10 mm, and a laying weight of 0.1-0.2 g / cm³. 2 This invention significantly improves the liquid-locking and liquid-conducting capabilities of metal liquid-conducting components for solutions based on propylene glycol and glycerol through synergistic optimization of pore structure, surface hydrophilicity, and structural density. Its technical solution can be directly applied to the field of novel tobacco products and can also be extended to scenarios such as aromatherapy, humidifiers, and medical atomization, showing broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 The liquid guiding component was prepared in Example 1.

[0033] Figure 2 The liquid guiding components were prepared in Examples 2 and 3. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly set on the other component; when a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0039] The basic preparation method of the liquid guiding component in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: Example 1 The metal wire is made of SUS316L stainless steel. It is prepared with a wire diameter of 10μm by drawing or melt drawing method. The wire drawing die aperture error is ≤±0.05μm. After cutting, the metal wire segments with a length of 8mm are screened, and the wires are ultrasonically cleaned with neutral degreasing agent for 15-30 minutes to remove surface oil and impurities. They are then dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2 hours for later use. Step 1) The dried metal wires are randomly laid in a special mold. A three-dimensional structure is built using a "layered laying" and "quantitative control of each layer" process. Metal wires with a diameter of 10μm are randomly laid to build the bottom three-dimensional metal wire structure, with a laying amount of 0.1-0.2g / cm³. 2 ; Step 2) Shaping Pre-compression shaping: Apply light pressure of 1MPa for 10 seconds to achieve initial bonding of the three-dimensional structure; The needle punching machine forms a Z-axis fiber bundle, and the three-dimensional metal wire structure is needle punched with the needle punching machine. The needle punching depth is 0.3-1mm, and the metal wire entanglement density is controlled. The needle punching density is 120 times / cm². The three-dimensional metal wire is integrated, and a "plum blossom-shaped needle hole distribution" (0.5mm spacing) is adopted to avoid excessive local puncture. Step 3) Sintering The needle-punched three-dimensional metal wire structure is placed in a high-temperature furnace, and a protective atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen mixed in a 1:1 volume ratio is introduced. Sintering is performed according to the following core parameters and control curve: Preheating and degreasing stage: Heat from room temperature to 300-600℃ and keep warm for 50 minutes to remove residual moisture and impurities from the surface of the metal wire; High-temperature sintering stage: The temperature is raised from 300-600℃ to 1100℃, the heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min, and the temperature is held for 60 minutes to allow atomic diffusion to occur at the contact points of the metal wires and form a metallurgical bond. Cooling stage: The temperature is naturally reduced from 1100℃ to room temperature to avoid structural deformation caused by thermal stress and to form a stable three-dimensional metal filament; Step 4) Molding Rolling: Apply pressure of 3MPa-10MPa using a flat press, control the compression rate of 5%-15%, and adjust the average capillary diameter of the three-dimensional metal wire to 20μm-30μm. Step 5) Edge sealing Laser cutting or stamping into the target shape; laser edge sealing to seal edge gaps, wherein the specific process of laser edge sealing is 300WW power and scanning speed 5mm / s.

[0040] Step 6) Select one of the following methods to modify the surface hydrophilicity: High-temperature oxidation modification: The three-dimensional metal wire made of stainless steel is kept in an air atmosphere furnace at 600℃-800℃ for 1.5 hours to form an oxide layer rich in hydroxyl (-OH) on its surface.

[0041] The prepared liquid guiding component has a porosity of 80% and an average capillary diameter of 20-30 μm.

[0042] The prepared liquid guiding component, such as Figure 1 As shown.

[0043] Example 2 Compared with Example 1, except for steps 1 and 2, the rest of the methods are the same to prepare the layered liquid guiding component, as follows: Step 1) The dried metal wires are randomly laid in a special mold. A three-dimensional structure is built using a "layered laying" and "quantitative control of each layer" process. A bottom layer of three-dimensional metal wire structure is built using metal wires with a diameter of 10μm and a length of 8mm through random laying. Then, a middle layer of three-dimensional metal wire structure is built using metal wires with a diameter of 20μm and a length of 8mm through random laying. Finally, a top layer of three-dimensional metal wire structure is built using metal wires with a diameter of 10μm and a length of 8mm through random laying. The wire laying amount for the bottom / top three-dimensional metal wire structure is 0.15-0.2 g / cm³. 2 Each layer is 0.15mm thick, and the amount of three-dimensional metal wire laid in the middle layer is 0.1-0.12g / cm³. 2 With a layer thickness of 0.15mm, the metal structure obtained by layering has a different degree of looseness in each layer, rather than a metal structure with a uniform degree of looseness obtained by uniformly laying. Step 2) Use a needle punching machine to punch the three-dimensional metal wire structure. The punching density is 120 times / cm². The punching force of the top three-dimensional metal wire is set to 0.8N, the punching force of the middle three-dimensional metal wire is set to 0.4N, and the punching force of the bottom three-dimensional metal wire is set to 0.8N. After the punching is completed, Z-direction fiber bundles are formed between adjacent three-dimensional metal wire structures, so that the three-dimensional metal wire structure is integrated.

[0044] Furthermore, a "plum blossom-shaped needle hole distribution" with a spacing of 0.5 mm can be used to avoid excessive local puncture.

[0045] The prepared liquid guiding component has a porosity of 80% and an average capillary diameter of 15μm-25μm.

[0046] The prepared liquid guiding component, such as Figure 2 As shown.

[0047] Example 3 Compared with Example 1, except for steps 1 and 2, the rest of the methods are the same to prepare the layered liquid guiding component, as follows: Step 1) The dried metal wires are randomly laid in a special mold. A three-dimensional structure is built using a "layered laying" and "quantitative control of each layer" process. A bottom layer of three-dimensional metal wire structure is built using metal wires with a diameter of 40μm and a length of 3mm through random laying. Then, a middle layer of three-dimensional metal wire structure is built using the same random laying method. Finally, a top layer of three-dimensional metal wire structure is built using the same random laying method. The wire laying amount for the bottom / top three-dimensional metal wire structure is 0.15-0.2 g / cm³. 2 Each layer is 0.15mm thick, and the amount of three-dimensional metal wire laid in the middle layer is 0.1-0.12g / cm³. 2 With a layer thickness of 0.15mm, the metal structure obtained by layering has a different degree of looseness in each layer, rather than a metal structure with a uniform degree of looseness obtained by uniformly laying. Step 2) Use a needle punching machine to punch the three-dimensional metal wire structure. The punching density is 80 times / cm². The punching force of the top three-dimensional metal wire is set to 0.8N, the punching force of the middle three-dimensional metal wire is set to 0.4N, and the punching force of the bottom three-dimensional metal wire is set to 0.8N. After the punching is completed, Z-direction fiber bundles are formed between adjacent three-dimensional metal wire structures, so that the three-dimensional metal wire structure is integrated.

[0048] Furthermore, a "plum blossom-shaped needle hole distribution" with a spacing of 0.5 mm can be used to avoid excessive local puncture.

[0049] A liquid-conducting component with a porosity of 60% and an average capillary pore size of 40 μm-50 μm was prepared. The prepared liquid-conducting component is shown below. Figure 2 As shown.

[0050] Comparative Example 1 Linen, 70 grams, thickness approximately 0.7-1.0 mm, diameter 6.5-6.8 mm, dimensions same as in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 2: Porous ceramic, alumina-based, porosity 30%-40%, 6.5-7.0 mm, dimensions same as in Example 1.

[0052] The effectiveness of the liquid-conducting components prepared in the examples and comparative examples was verified. Five samples were taken from each example for parallel experiments, and the test results are as follows: Test solution: Propylene glycol-glycerol mixed solution (volume ratio 1:1, viscosity approximately 750 mPa at 20°C) s); Test environment: Ambient temperature 20℃±2℃, relative humidity 50%±5%; Test items and instructions: 1. Saturated liquid absorption rate: The sample in the test case is placed in a sufficient amount of test solution for 24 hours and then taken out. The ratio of the weight of the sample after absorbing liquid to the weight of the initial sample is determined as the saturated liquid absorption rate.

[0053] 2. Saturation absorption time: Periodically test the amount of liquid absorbed by the test sample in the test solution, and determine the saturation absorption time based on the start time of the experiment and the time when the saturation absorption volume is reached as quickly as possible.

[0054] 3. Leakage rate after 24 hours of standing: The test cases that have reached the saturation liquid absorption capacity are placed separately and left to stand for 24 hours. The remaining liquid content in the test cases is then measured. The liquid loss is determined based on the saturation liquid absorption capacity and the remaining liquid content. The ratio of the liquid loss to the saturation liquid absorption capacity is determined as the leakage rate after 24 hours of standing.

[0055] 4. Capillary rise rate: Submerge one end of the test specimen into the surface of the test solution, with each test specimen submerged to the same height. Calculate the unit climb time (e.g., 1 minute) and the climb height of the test solution on the test specimen sample. Determine the capillary rise rate based on the climb height and the unit climb time.

[0056] 5. Liquid retention rate after shaking: The test sample that has reached the saturated liquid absorption capacity is placed in a shaking device and shaken at a frequency of 8 Hz for a unit of time (e.g., 1 hour). Then the remaining liquid content in the test sample is detected. The ratio of the remaining liquid content to the saturated liquid absorption capacity is determined as the liquid retention rate after shaking.

[0057]

[0058] Note: In the above embodiments and comparative examples, when testing saturated liquid absorption rate, saturated liquid absorption time, leakage rate after 24 hours of standing, and liquid retention rate after shaking, the sample was circular with a diameter of 606 mm and a thickness of 0.3 mm. When testing capillary rise velocity, the sample was strip-shaped with a length of 30 mm and a width of 5 mm.

[0059] Experimental results show that although linen has a fast liquid absorption rate and saturation time, and a large liquid storage capacity, its liquid retention capacity is extremely poor; porous ceramics have the strongest liquid retention capacity, but a slow liquid conduction rate; the comprehensive performance indicators of the example group are the best, especially in achieving the best balance between the two contradictory properties of "liquid absorption" and "liquid retention". In particular, Examples 2 and 3 achieve "liquid storage + adsorption" synergy through multi-level pore structure, which improves the saturated liquid absorption capacity; the increased needle punching density and rolling treatment reduce the permeable large pores, the edge sealing blocks the side leakage channels, and the surface composite modification enhances the adhesion between the solution and the fiber. The synergy of these three factors makes the liquid retention capacity and stability far exceed those of the mainstream liquid conduction components in the field in the control group. Compared with the samples prepared by the basic process, it also shows that the performance improvement achieved by changing the process fully meets the usage requirements of new tobacco atomization equipment.

[0060] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A liquid guiding component, characterized in that: The liquid guiding component is composed of a three-dimensional metal wire body obtained by disordered laying, shaping, sintering, and forming of metal wires. The raw material for preparing the three-dimensional metal wire body has a diameter of 1-40 μm, a length of 5-10 mm, and a wire laying amount of 0.1-0.2 g / cm³. 2 .

2. The liquid guiding component as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The porosity of the liquid guiding component is 30%-85%.

3. The liquid guiding component as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid guiding component comprises three layers of three-dimensional metal filaments. The bottom and top layers of the three-dimensional metal filaments are made of raw metal filaments with a diameter of 5-15 μm. The middle layer of the three-dimensional metal filaments is made of raw metal filaments with a diameter of 20-30 μm. The bottom and top layers of the three-dimensional metal filaments account for 25%-30% of the total thickness, the middle layer of the three-dimensional metal filaments accounts for 40%-50%, and the total thickness of the liquid guiding component is 0.1-0.8 mm.

4. A method for preparing a liquid-conducting component as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1) Construct a three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 1-40 μm using a disordered wire laying method; or A three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 5-15μm is built by randomly laying metal wires to form the bottom layer. Then, a three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 20-30μm is built by randomly laying metal wires to form the middle layer. Finally, a three-dimensional metal wire structure with a diameter of 5-15μm is built by randomly laying metal wires to form the top layer. Step 2) Shaping Pre-compression and shaping; the needle punching machine forms Z-axis fiber bundles, integrating the three-layer three-dimensional metal filaments; Step 3) Sintering The completed loose structure is placed in a high-temperature furnace for sintering; Step 4) Molding Rolled, then laser-cut or stamped into the target shape.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the metal wire is 5mm-10mm; The raw material for the metal wire includes at least one of SUS304, SUS316L, SUS310, titanium, or titanium alloy.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal wire can be obtained by the following method: Metal raw materials are used to prepare metal wires with controllable diameters through melt drawing. It is necessary to ensure that the diameter error of the drawing die is ≤ ±0.05μm and the drawing speed is controlled at 5m / min-10m / min to ensure wire diameter uniformity. After cutting, wire segments with a length of 5mm-10mm are screened, ultrasonically cleaned with a neutral degreasing agent for 15-30 minutes, and dried in an oven at 80℃ for 2 hours for later use.

7. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 1), the overall wire laying amount of the three-dimensional metal wire structure is 0.1-0.2 g / cm³. 2 Alternatively, the wire placement amount of the bottom and top three-dimensional metal wire structures is 0.15-0.2 g / cm³. 2 The fiber placement amount of the three-dimensional metal wire structure in the intermediate layer is 0.1-0.12 g / cm³. 2 .

8. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step 2) The pre-compression and shaping process is as follows: apply light pressure of 1MPa for 10 seconds to initially bond the three-dimensional metal wire structure.

9. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step 2), the three-dimensional metal wire structure is needled using a needle punching machine. The needle punching depth is 0.3-1mm, the metal wire entanglement density is controlled, the needle punching density is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle punching force is set to 0.3-1N. Alternatively, the needle-punching density of the bottom / top layer three-dimensional metal wires is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle-punching force is set to 0.8-1N; the needle-punching density of the middle layer three-dimensional metal wires is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle-punching force is set to 0.3-0.5N; the needle-punching density of the bottom layer three-dimensional metal wires is 80-120 times / cm², and the needle-punching force is set to 0.8-1N; after needle-punching, Z-direction fiber bundles are formed between the three-dimensional structures of adjacent two layers of three-dimensional metal wires, so that the three-dimensional structure of the three-dimensional metal wires is integrated.

10. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step 3) Specifically, the three-layer three-dimensional metal wire structure after needle punching is placed in a high-temperature furnace, and a protective atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen mixed in a 1:1 volume ratio is introduced. Sintering is carried out according to the following core parameters and control curve: Preheating and degreasing stage: Raise the temperature from room temperature to 300-600℃ and keep it at that temperature for 30-60 minutes to remove residual moisture and impurities from the surface of the metal wire; High-temperature sintering stage: The temperature is raised from 300-600℃ to 1100-1300℃, the heating rate is controlled at 5℃ / min, and the temperature is held for 60-120 minutes to allow atomic diffusion to occur at the contact points of the metal wires and form a metallurgical bond. Cooling stage: The temperature is allowed to drop naturally from 1100-1300℃ to room temperature.

11. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rolling process in step 4) is as follows: Apply pressure of 3MPa-10MPa using a flatbed press, control the compression rate to 5%-15%, and adjust the average capillary diameter of the three-dimensional metal wire to 5μm-60μm.

12. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step 4) is followed by step 5) laser sealing or applying silicone sealant to seal the edge gaps.

13. The preparation method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The specific process for laser edge sealing is a power of 300W-500W and a scanning speed of 5mm / s-10mm / s; the coating thickness of the silicone sealant is ≤3μm.

14. The preparation method according to claim 12, characterized in that: Step 5) After the laser sealing process, step 6) involves selecting one of the following methods to modify the surface hydrophilicity: High-temperature oxidation modification: The three-dimensional metal wire is kept at 400℃-800℃ in an air atmosphere furnace for 1-2 hours; Hydrophilic coating modification: A hydrophilic coating of polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene glycol derivative is applied to the surface of the three-dimensional metal wire by dip coating method. The coating thickness is 1μm-5μm, and then dried and cured at 60℃. Oxygen plasma modification: Place the sample into a plasma processor, set the power to 100W-200W, and the processing time to 5min-15min.

Images