A rotary drilling machine reaming control method, a reaming drill bit, and a rotary drilling machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for controlling borehole reaming in a rotary drilling rig, a reaming drill bit, and a rotary drilling rig. The rotary drilling rig includes a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device, and a reaming drill bit. The reaming drill bit includes a reaming assembly and a reaming drive device. The method for controlling borehole reaming in a rotary drilling rig includes: when performing non-spiral reaming on a central hole, controlling the power head rotation drive device to rotate the reaming drill bit around the axis of the central hole; controlling the reaming drive device to change the reaming radius of the reaming assembly; and controlling the drill bit axial movement drive device to move the reaming drill bit axially, ensuring that the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly satisfy a first preset functional relationship. By ensuring that the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly satisfy the first preset functional relationship, the reaming meets preset shape requirements. By changing different first preset functional relationships, various reaming shapes can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of borehole enlargement technology for rotary drilling rigs, and more specifically, to a borehole enlargement control method for rotary drilling rigs, a borehole enlargement drill bit, and a rotary drilling rig. Background Technology

[0002] During engineering construction, rotary drilling rigs are often used to drill holes for pile foundations.

[0003] In related technologies, during construction, a center hole of equal diameter is first drilled using a rotary drilling rig. Then, a reaming drill bit is replaced, which is moved axially to the position where the hole needs to be reamed. Then, the axial movement of the reaming drill bit is stopped, and the reaming assembly of the reaming drill bit is driven to change its reaming radius, thereby driving the reaming drill bit to rotate and achieve hole reaming.

[0004] However, this method of expanding the hole makes it difficult to drill holes with complex shapes, which limits the current types of piles and restricts the application scope of rotary bored piles.

[0005] Therefore, how to enable rotary drilling rigs to drill holes with complex shapes is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling the enlargement of a rotary drilling rig, enabling the rotary drilling rig to drill holes with complex shapes.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a hole-reaming drill bit, which is applied to the hole-reaming control method of the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig, so that the rotary drilling rig can drill holes with complex shapes.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a rotary drilling rig that, by employing the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method, enables the rotary drilling rig to drill holes with complex shapes.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A hole-reaming control method for a rotary drilling rig is applied to a rotary drilling rig, the rotary drilling rig including a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device and a hole-reaming drill bit, the hole-reaming drill bit including a hole-reaming assembly and a hole-reaming drive device;

[0011] The rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method includes:

[0012] When performing non-spiral reaming on a center hole of equal diameter, the power head rotary drive device is controlled to rotate the reaming drill bit around the axis of the center hole.

[0013] Control the operation of the hole-expanding drive device to cause the hole-expanding drive device to drive the hole-expanding assembly to change its expansion radius;

[0014] The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the central hole, and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly satisfy a first preset functional relationship.

[0015] Optionally, when spiraling the central hole, the rotary drilling rig hole reaming control method includes:

[0016] Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device to make the enlarging radius of the hole enlarging assembly a preset radius value;

[0017] The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move, so that the reaming drill bit moves along the axial direction of the center hole;

[0018] The power head rotation drive device is controlled to operate so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy a second preset functional relationship until one spiral reaming is completed.

[0019] Optionally, after completing one spiral reaming operation, the process further includes:

[0020] After each spiral reaming operation, the reaming drive device is controlled to increase the reaming radius of the reaming assembly by a preset increment.

[0021] Each time the reaming radius of the reaming assembly increases, the axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move again, and the rotation drive device of the power head is controlled to move, so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy the second preset function relationship, thus completing one spiral reaming.

[0022] Continue until N spiral reaming operations are completed, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0023] Optionally, when spiraling the central hole, the rotary drilling rig hole reaming control method includes:

[0024] Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device to increase the enlarging radius of the hole enlarging assembly;

[0025] The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the central hole, and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly satisfy a third preset function relationship.

[0026] The operation of the power head rotation drive device is controlled so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy a fourth preset function relationship.

[0027] Optionally, the drill bit axial movement drive device includes a pressurization drive device and an upward drive device;

[0028] Controlling the axial movement drive of the drill bit to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the center hole includes:

[0029] Control the pressurization drive device to move the reaming drill bit downward along the axial direction of the center hole, or...

[0030] Control the upward drive device to move the reaming drill bit upward along the axial direction of the center hole.

[0031] Optionally, the drill bit axial movement drive device, the power head rotation drive device, and the hole reaming drive device are all electric devices.

[0032] A reaming drill bit, applied to the aforementioned rotary drilling rig reaming control method, the reaming drill bit comprising:

[0033] Support connectors are used to connect to the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig;

[0034] A hole-reaming assembly includes a linkage mechanism and a cutting element connected to the linkage mechanism, wherein the linkage mechanism is hinged to the support connector.

[0035] A hole-reaming drive device, connected to the linkage mechanism, is used to drive the linkage mechanism to increase or decrease the reaming radius of the cutting workpiece;

[0036] The first guide device and the second guide device are respectively connected to the support connector and are located on the upper and lower sides of the hole enlarging assembly, respectively, for guiding during hole enlarging.

[0037] Optionally, at least one of the first guiding device and the second guiding device includes a housing connector and at least two arc-shaped guides, the housing connector being connected to the support connector, and the arc-shaped guides being radially adjustable and inserted into the housing connector, and distributed along the circumference of the housing connector; and / or,

[0038] At least one of the first guiding device and the second guiding device includes a hollow arc guide member and a connecting pipe connected to the central hole of the hollow arc guide member, the connecting pipe being axially adjustable to be connected to the supporting connecting member; and / or,

[0039] The hole-reaming drive device includes at least one electric cylinder and a sliding sleeve connected to the electric cylinder. The sliding sleeve is slidably connected to the support connector, and the linkage mechanism is hinged to the sliding sleeve; and / or...

[0040] The linkage mechanism includes two parallel first rocker arms, a connecting rod connecting the two first rocker arms, and a second rocker arm with one end hinged to both the first rocker arms and the connecting rod; the other end of the second rocker arm is hinged to the support connector; one end of the first rocker arm is hinged to the hole-reaming drive device, and the other end is hinged to the cutting part; and / or,

[0041] The linkage mechanism includes a third and a fourth rocker arm that are hinged together. The other end of the third rocker arm is hinged to the hole-expanding drive device, and the other end of the fourth rocker arm is hinged to the support connector.

[0042] The cutting component includes a trapezoidal cutting component, an L-shaped cutting component, or a forming cutting component used to form a pre-defined hole.

[0043] Optionally, the support connector includes a power supply component, a drill bit controller, and a first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module. The power supply component is connected to the drill bit controller, the first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module, and the hole reaming drive device. The first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module is used to connect to the second wireless signal transmitting and receiving module of the rotary drilling rig.

[0044] A rotary drilling rig includes a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device, and a reaming drill bit, and adopts the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig reaming control method.

[0045] The rotary drilling rig borehole enlargement control method provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] The axial movement of the reaming bit is matched with the radial expansion movement of its reaming assembly, ensuring a preset functional relationship between the two. Specifically, the axial movement drive of the reaming bit is controlled based on a first preset functional relationship between the axial displacement of the reaming bit and the expansion radius of the reaming assembly, as well as the action of the reaming drive device. It can be understood that when the reaming drive device operates, it causes the reaming assembly to undergo radial expansion, resulting in a continuous change in the expansion radius of the reaming assembly. A preset relationship exists between the expansion radius of the reaming assembly and the displacement of the reaming drive device. This preset relationship is determined by the specific structural dimensions of the reaming assembly. In other words, the expansion radius of the reaming assembly can be obtained based on the displacement of the reaming drive device and the specific structural dimensions of the reaming assembly. Furthermore, based on the expansion radius of the reaming assembly and the first preset functional relationship, the required axial displacement of the reaming bit can be obtained. This allows control of the axial movement drive device, ensuring the reaming bit meets the required axial displacement.

[0047] In other words, by matching the action of the drill bit axial movement drive device with the action of the hole reaming drive device, the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the hole reaming assembly satisfy a first preset functional relationship, which can make the hole reaming meet the preset shape requirements. Thus, by changing different first preset functional relationships, various hole reaming shapes can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to achieve holes with complex shapes, thereby broadening the design range of pile types, expanding the application range of rotary drilling piles, which is conducive to improving the bearing capacity of piles and reducing pile driving costs.

[0048] The hole-reaming drill bit provided by the present invention, when applied to the hole-reaming control method of the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig, includes at least the beneficial effects of the hole-reaming control method of the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig.

[0049] The rotary drilling rig provided by the present invention, employing the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method, includes at least the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 A flowchart of a rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the expanded hole-reaming assembly of the hole-reaming drill bit provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Top view;

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the reaming assembly of a reaming drill bit when folded;

[0055] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Top view;

[0056] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structural dimensions of the hole-expanding assembly;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural dimensions of the hole-expanding assembly when it is unfolded.

[0058] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Top view;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a top view of the first guide device;

[0060] Figure 10 This is a side view of the first guide device;

[0061] Figure 11 This is a top view of the second guide device;

[0062] Figure 12 This is a side view of the second guide device;

[0063] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the hole-reaming assembly and hole-reaming drive device;

[0064] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of another structure of the hole-reaming assembly and hole-reaming drive device;

[0065] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a trapezoidal cutting part;

[0066] Figure 16 for Figure 15 Top view;

[0067] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a formed cutting part;

[0068] Figure 18 for Figure 17 Top view;

[0069] Figure 19 A schematic diagram of a forming and cutting part mounted on a linkage mechanism;

[0070] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rotary drilling rig during hole enlargement according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 21 This is a control principle diagram of a rotary drilling rig;

[0072] Figure 22 A schematic diagram of the center hole;

[0073] Figure 23 A schematic diagram of enlarging a hole in a cylinder;

[0074] Figure 24 A schematic diagram of enlarging a hole in a truncated cone;

[0075] Figure 25 A schematic diagram of an enlarged hole in a conical cylinder with inverted ends;

[0076] Figure 26 A schematic diagram of enlarging a hole in a truncated cone.

[0077] Figure 27 A schematic diagram of enlarging a hole in a truncated cone shape;

[0078] Figure 28 A schematic diagram of enlarging a cylinder with a sinusoidal arc angle;

[0079] Figure 29 A schematic diagram of enlarging a hole in a cylinder with rounded chamfers;

[0080] Figure 30 This is a schematic diagram of threaded hole enlargement.

[0081] Figure 31 A schematic diagram of hole enlargement using different shape combinations.

[0082] Figure label:

[0083] 1-Support connector; 2-Drilling assembly; 21-Linkage mechanism; 211-First rocker arm; 212-Linkage; 213-Second rocker arm; 214-Third rocker arm; 215-Fourth rocker arm; 22-Cutting part; 221-Trapezoidal cutting part; 222-Forming cutting part; 23-First hinge point; 24-Second hinge point; 25-Third hinge point; 26-Fourth hinge point; 27-Fifth hinge point; 3-Drilling drive device; 31-Power source; 32-Sliding sleeve; 4-First guide device; 41-Box connector; 42-Arc-shaped guide; 5-Second guide device; 51-Hollow arc guide; 52-Connecting pipe; 6-Power supply assembly; 7-Drill bit controller; 8-First wireless signal transmitting and receiving module; 9-Power supply and controller integration;

[0084] 10-Reamer bit; 20-Power head rotary drive device; 30-Pressure drive device; 40-Lifting drive device; 50-Second wireless signal transmitting and receiving module; 60-Main controller. Detailed Implementation

[0085] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0086] The core of this invention is to provide a hole-reaming control method for rotary drilling rigs, enabling them to drill holes with complex shapes. Another core aspect of this invention is to provide a hole-reaming drill bit, applied to the aforementioned rotary drilling rig hole-reaming control method, enabling the rotary drilling rig to drill holes with complex shapes. A further core aspect of this invention is to provide a rotary drilling rig that, using the aforementioned rotary drilling rig hole-reaming control method, enables it to drill holes with complex shapes.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2and Figure 20 This invention provides a method for controlling the reaming of a rotary drilling rig, applied to a rotary drilling rig. The rotary drilling rig includes a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device 20, and a reaming drill bit. The reaming drill bit includes a reaming assembly 2 and a reaming drive device 3. The method for controlling the reaming of a rotary drilling rig includes steps S1 to S3:

[0088] S1: When performing non-spiral reaming on a center hole of equal diameter, control the power head rotation drive device 20 to rotate the reaming drill bit around the axis of the center hole.

[0089] S2: Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device 3 so that the hole enlarging drive device 3 drives the hole enlarging assembly 2 to change its enlarging radius.

[0090] S3: Control the axial movement drive device of the drill bit to move along the axial direction of the center hole, and make the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 satisfy the first preset function relationship.

[0091] In other words, in this embodiment of the invention, the axial movement of the reaming drill bit is matched with the radial expansion movement of the reaming component 2 of the reaming drill bit, so that the two satisfy a preset functional relationship. That is, the axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to operate according to the first preset functional relationship between the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the expansion radius of the reaming component 2, and the operation of the reaming drive device 3. It can be understood that when the reaming drive device 3 operates, it causes the reaming component 2 to generate a radial expansion movement, thereby causing the expansion radius of the reaming component 2 to change continuously. There is a preset relationship between the expansion radius of the reaming component 2 and the operating displacement of the reaming drive device 3. This preset relationship is determined by the specific structural dimensions of the reaming component 2. That is, the expansion radius of the reaming component 2 can be obtained according to the operating displacement of the reaming drive device 3 and the specific structural dimensions of the reaming component 2. Then, according to the expansion radius of the reaming component 2 and the first preset functional relationship, the required axial displacement of the reaming drill bit can be obtained. Thus, the operation of the axial movement drive device of the drill bit can be controlled to make the reaming drill bit meet the required axial displacement.

[0092] It should be noted that this embodiment does not specifically limit the first preset function. The first preset function can be a linear function, a polynomial function, a trigonometric function, an inverse trigonometric function, a radical function, or a piecewise function, etc. Those skilled in the art can set it according to the specific required hole shape.

[0093] In other words, by matching the action of the drill bit axial movement drive device with the action of the hole reaming drive device 3, the axial displacement of the hole reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the hole reaming assembly 2 satisfy the first preset functional relationship, which can make the hole reaming meet the preset shape requirements. Thus, by changing different first preset functional relationships, hole reaming of various shapes can be achieved. Therefore, holes with complex shapes can be realized, thereby broadening the pile design range, expanding the application range of rotary drilling piles, which is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of piles and reducing pile driving costs.

[0094] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the control power head rotation drive device 20 is activated to rotate the reaming drill bit around the axis of the central hole. The rotational speed of the reaming drill bit needs to be greater than or equal to a preset rotational speed value to ensure the hole shape. Furthermore, the reaming drill bit can rotate at a constant speed during the reaming process.

[0095] Please refer to Figures 2-8 , Figure 13The following uses a specific structure of the reaming assembly 2 as an example to illustrate the relationship between the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 and the displacement of the reaming drive device 3. In some embodiments, the reaming drill bit further includes a support connector 1. The reaming assembly 2 includes a linkage mechanism 21 and a cutting element 22 connected to the linkage mechanism 21. The linkage mechanism 21 includes two parallel first rocker arms 211, a connecting rod 212 connecting the two first rocker arms 211, and a second rocker arm 213 with one end hinged to both the first rocker arms 211 and the connecting rod 212. The other end of the second rocker arm 213 is hinged to the support connector 1. One end of the first rocker arm 211 is hinged to the reaming drive device 3, and the other end is hinged to the cutting element 22. The cutting element 22 is a trapezoidal cutting element 221. The reaming drive device 3 is a linear drive device, and the extension and retraction direction of the reaming drive device 3 is vertical. Taking the tooth tip of the cutting part 22 located at the maximum radial dimension as the reference, it is denoted as point P. For example, when the hole is enlarged from bottom to top, the outermost cutting tooth at the top of the trapezoidal cutting part 221 is the tooth tip point P. Establish a cylindrical coordinate system, with the axis of the central hole as the Z-axis, the ground as the polar coordinate plane, the intersection of the Z-axis and the ground as the pole O, and OX as the polar axis. Then the polar diameter of the tooth tip point P is ρ. The hinge point 23 is defined as the position where the first rocker arm 211 closest to the second rocker arm 213 hinges with the hole-reaming drive device 3; the hinge point 24 is defined as the position where the first rocker arm 211 closest to the second rocker arm 213 hinges with the cutting part 22; the hinge point 25 is defined as the position where the first rocker arm 211 furthest from the second rocker arm 213 hinges with the hole-reaming drive device 3; the hinge point 26 is defined as the position where the first rocker arm 211 furthest from the second rocker arm 213 hinges with the cutting part 22; and the hinge point 27 is defined as the position where the second rocker arm 213 hinges with the support connector 1. The length from the second hinge point 24 is S1. When the reaming assembly 2 is in its initial contracted state, the length from the third hinge point 25 to the fifth hinge point 27 is S2. The radial distance between the tooth tip P and the fourth hinge point 26 on the plane perpendicular to the hinge axis of the fourth hinge point 26 and passing through the Z-axis is S3. The distance from the tooth tip P to the plane perpendicular to the hinge axis of the hinge point (it should be noted that the hinge axes of the first hinge point 23, the second hinge point 24, the third hinge point 25, the fourth hinge point 26, and the fifth hinge point 27 are parallel) and passing through the Z-axis is S4. The extreme diameter of the fifth hinge point 27 is ρ1. The Z-axis displacement of the reaming drive device 3 is S. Then, the extreme diameter ρ of the tooth tip P (that is, the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2) is:

[0096]

[0097] Define the Z-axis displacement of the tooth tip P as Z when the drill bit axial movement drive device is activated. When it is required that the outer contour of the hole formed by the tooth tip P is a straight trajectory, the first preset functional relationship between the Z-axis displacement Z of the tooth tip P and the extreme diameter ρ of the tooth tip P is:

[0098]

[0099] Where Z1 is the same as The constant related to the trajectory position of this function (that is, theoretically) (where the Z-axis position of the tooth tip P is zero), k1 is the Z-axis position of the tooth tip P. The slope of the straight line of this function is related to a constant.

[0100] When it is required that the outer contour of the hole formed at the tooth tip P be a sinusoidal trajectory, the first preset functional relationship between the Z-axis displacement Z of the tooth tip P and the extreme diameter ρ of the tooth tip P is:

[0101]

[0102] Where Z2 is the same as This function is a constant related to the trajectory position. To and The constants related to the trajectory position of this function, k2 and k3 are respectively related to... The constants related to the trajectory shape.

[0103] When it is required that the outer contour of the hole formed at the tooth tip P be a circular arc trajectory, the first preset functional relationship between the Z-axis displacement Z of the tooth tip P and the extreme diameter ρ of the tooth tip P is:

[0104]

[0105] Among them, Z3 is the same as This function is a constant related to the trajectory position. To and This function has a constant related to the trajectory position, k4 is a constant related to... This is a constant related to the shape of the trajectory of this function.

[0106] Of course, in other embodiments, the first preset function relationship can also be any other function, or it can be a function formed by combining multiple different functions in segments to form holes of any complex shape.

[0107] In addition, in some embodiments, when spiral reaming the center hole, the rotary drilling rig reaming control method includes:

[0108] Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device 3 so that the enlarging radius of the hole enlarging assembly 2 is a preset radius value;

[0109] The drive device for controlling the axial movement of the drill bit is activated, causing the reaming drill bit to move axially along the center hole.

[0110] The control head rotation drive device 20 is activated to ensure that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy the second preset function relationship until one spiral reaming is completed.

[0111] In other words, in this embodiment of the invention, during the hole enlargement process, the enlargement radius of the hole enlargement component 2 is kept constant, and the rotational movement of the hole enlargement drill bit is matched with the axial movement of the hole enlargement drill bit to form a spiral hole.

[0112] It should be noted that this embodiment does not specifically limit the second preset function. The second preset function can be a linear function to form an equal pitch spiral hole, or it can be a nonlinear function to form a variable pitch spiral hole.

[0113] For example, if the polar angle of the tooth tip P is defined as θ, then when it is required that the outer contour of the hole formed by the tooth tip be a helical trajectory with equal pitch, the second preset function is:

[0114]

[0115] Where θ1 is the same as... This function has a constant related to its trajectory position, k5 is a constant related to... This is a constant related to the shape of the trajectory of this function.

[0116] Furthermore, in some embodiments, after completing one spiral reaming operation, the process further includes:

[0117] After each spiral reaming cycle, the reaming drive device 3 is activated to increase the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 by a preset increment.

[0118] After the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 increases each time, the axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move again, and the rotation drive device 20 of the power head is controlled to move, so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy the second preset function relationship, and complete one spiral reaming.

[0119] This process is repeated until N spiral reaming operations are completed, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

[0120] In other words, after one spiral reaming cycle, the reaming drive device 3 is activated to increase the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 by a preset increment. Then, the drill bit axial movement drive device and the power head rotation drive device 20 are activated to ensure that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and its axial displacement satisfy a second preset functional relationship, thus completing another spiral reaming cycle. Then, the reaming drive device 3 is activated again to increase the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 by a preset increment, and another spiral reaming cycle is performed. This process is repeated N times. That is, when spiral reaming is performed for the first time, the preset radius value of the reaming assembly 2 is relatively small. By continuously increasing the increment of the reaming radius and performing multiple spiral cuts, a large-thread spiral reaming cycle is achieved.

[0121] In addition, in some embodiments, when spiral reaming the center hole, the rotary drilling rig reaming control method includes:

[0122] Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device 3 to increase the enlarging radius of the hole enlarging assembly 2;

[0123] The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the central hole, and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2 satisfy the third preset function relationship.

[0124] The control head rotation drive device 20 is activated so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy the fourth preset function relationship.

[0125] In other words, in this embodiment, during spiral reaming, the rotational motion of the reaming drill bit is matched with its axial motion, and simultaneously, the axial motion of the reaming drill bit is matched with the reaming radius of the reaming assembly 2, to form a variable pitch, variable radius spiral hole. It should be noted that this embodiment does not specifically limit the third and fourth preset functional relationships.

[0126] Additionally, in some embodiments, the drill bit axial movement drive includes a pressurizing drive 30 and an upward drive 40.

[0127] Controlling the axial movement drive of the drill bit to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the center hole includes:

[0128] The pressure drive device 30 is controlled to move, causing the reaming drill bit to move downward along the axial direction of the center hole, or...

[0129] The control lift drive device 40 is activated to move the reaming drill bit upward along the axial direction of the center hole.

[0130] In other words, this embodiment uses the pressure driving device 30 and the lifting driving device 40 to control the reaming drill bit to move downwards for reaming and upwards for drilling, respectively. This allows the reaming drill bit to use different power devices for downward reaming and upward drilling, which is beneficial for accurately controlling the axial movement of the reaming drill bit.

[0131] In addition, in some embodiments, the power source 31 of the drill bit axial movement drive device, the power head rotation drive device 20 and the hole reaming drive device 3 are all electric devices.

[0132] In other words, in this embodiment, different electric devices are used as power sources 31 to drive the reaming drill bit to perform axial movement, rotational movement, and the unfolding or folding movement of the reaming assembly 2, respectively. It is understood that compared to hydraulic cylinders or hydraulic motors, electric devices have a faster response speed and higher control precision. Therefore, using an electric device as the power source 31 is beneficial for synchronously controlling the drill bit axial movement drive device and the reaming drive device 3, and for synchronously controlling the power head rotation drive device 20 and the drill bit axial movement drive device. This ensures that the actions of the drill bit axial movement drive device and the reaming drive device 3 are matched, and that the actions of the power head rotation drive device 20 and the drill bit axial movement drive device are matched, thus forming a precise hole with a complex shape. For example, the drill bit axial movement drive device includes a pressure electric cylinder and a main winch motor. The pressure electric cylinder drives the reaming drill bit to move downwards along the axial direction of the central hole; the main winch motor drives the reaming drill bit to move upwards along the axial direction of the central hole. The power head rotation drive device 20 includes a power head motor; the reaming drive device 3 includes an electric cylinder.

[0133] Please refer to Figures 2-5 In addition to the aforementioned rotary drilling rig reaming control method, this invention also provides a reaming drill bit. This reaming drill bit is applied to the aforementioned rotary drilling rig reaming control method. The reaming drill bit includes a support connector 1, a reaming assembly 2, a reaming drive device 3, a first guide device 4, and a second guide device 5. The support connector 1 is used to connect to the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig. The reaming assembly 2 includes a linkage mechanism 21 and a cutting element 22 connected to the linkage mechanism 21. The linkage mechanism 21 is hinged to the support connector 1. The reaming drive device 3 is connected to the linkage mechanism 21 and is used to drive the linkage mechanism 21 to increase or decrease the reaming radius of the cutting element 22. The first guide device 4 and the second guide device 5 are respectively connected to the support connector 1 and are located on the upper and lower sides of the reaming assembly 2, respectively, for guiding during reaming.

[0134] It is understood that in this embodiment, the reaming drive device 3 drives the linkage mechanism 21 to move, which in turn drives the cutting part 22 to move, thereby realizing the radial expansion movement of the reaming assembly 2. Therefore, in the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig reaming control method, the reaming drill bit can be used to realize reaming. That is, the reaming drill bit is beneficial to realize reaming of complex shapes, including at least the beneficial effects of the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig reaming control method, which will not be elaborated here.

[0135] It should be noted that the guiding device in this embodiment includes a first guiding device 4 and a second guiding device 5. The first guiding device 4 and the second guiding device 5 are located on opposite sides of the reaming assembly 2. For example, the first guiding device 4 is located above the reaming assembly 2, and the second guiding device 5 is located below the reaming assembly 2. This provides better guidance, especially for holes with special shapes. For example, for an inverted conical hole, the first guiding device 4 can be used for guidance when reaming from bottom to top; for a conical hole, the second guiding device 5 can be used for guidance when reaming from top to bottom. Furthermore, for holes of other shapes, the first guiding device 4 and the second guiding device 5 can participate in guidance simultaneously, or only one of them can participate. Therefore, this arrangement of the guiding device is also beneficial for reaming holes of different shapes and for guiding holes with complex shapes, thereby improving reaming accuracy. It is understood that when reaming the bottom of the central hole, the second guiding device 5 can be removed.

[0136] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific structure of the first guide device 4 and the second guide device 5, as long as they can play a guiding role.

[0137] Please refer to Figure 9 and Figure 10 In some embodiments, at least one of the first guide device 4 and the second guide device 5 includes a housing connector 41 and at least two arc-shaped guides 42. The housing connector 41 is connected to the support connector 1, and the arc-shaped guides 42 are radially adjustable and inserted into the housing connector 41 and distributed along the circumference of the housing connector 41.

[0138] Understandably, during the enlargement process, the arc-shaped guide 42 fits against or has a gap with the inner wall of the central hole to serve as a guide and limit mechanism. For example, the housing connector 41 has insertion holes corresponding to the arc-shaped guides 42. The arc-shaped guides 42 are inserted into the corresponding insertion holes, and the arc-shaped guides 42 and housing connector 41 are detachably connected, for example, using a pin connection. Both the housing connector 41 and the arc-shaped guides 42 have multiple pin holes. By adjusting the insertion depth, the insertion position of the arc-shaped guides 42 is adjusted. Once adjusted to the correct position, the pins are inserted into the corresponding pin holes to fix the arc-shaped guides 42 to the housing connector 41. This allows for position adjustment of the arc-shaped guides 42 to match central holes of different diameters.

[0139] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 In other embodiments, at least one of the first guide device 4 and the second guide device 5 includes a hollow arc guide 51 and a connecting pipe 52 connected to the center hole of the hollow arc guide 51. The axial position of the connecting pipe 52 is adjustable and connected to the support connector 1.

[0140] For example, the upper end of the connecting tube 52 is inserted into the lower end of the square tube of the connector 1. Both the connecting tube 52 and the square tube of the connector are provided with multiple pin holes. By adjusting the insertion amount, the position of the connecting tube 52 is adjusted. When the adjustment is in place, the pin is used to fix the connecting tube 52 and the connector 1, which serves to adjust the distance between the guide device and the hole expansion assembly 2.

[0141] In some embodiments, the hollow arc guide 51 can be designed with a hollow structure to allow drill cuttings from the second guide device 5 to fall into the central hole through the hollow structure. When drilling multiple reaming holes along the axial direction of the central hole, the rotary drilling rig can be replaced with a cuttings-removing drill bit to clean the central hole after all reaming is completed or when the drill cuttings have accumulated to a certain depth in the central hole. If the bottom of the central hole needs to be reamed, a bottom-reaming drill bit with a cutting component having a cuttings-removing function can be used in the final reaming stage to remove the drill cuttings generated during the final reaming.

[0142] Furthermore, the above embodiments do not limit the specific structure of the hole-expanding drive device 3.

[0143] Please refer to Figure 13 In some embodiments, the hole-expanding drive device 3 includes at least one power source 31 and a sliding sleeve 32 connected to the power source 31. The sliding sleeve 32 is slidably connected to the support connector 1, and the linkage mechanism 21 is hinged to the sliding sleeve 32. Exemplarily, the power source 31 is an electric cylinder, and the number of electric cylinders is two. That is, the sliding sleeve 32 is driven to slide simultaneously by two electric cylinders to provide sufficient and stable power.

[0144] Further, please refer to Figure 13In some embodiments, the linkage mechanism 21 includes two parallel first rocker arms 211, a connecting rod 212 connecting the two first rocker arms 211, and a second rocker arm 213 with one end hinged to both the first rocker arms 211 and the connecting rod 212. The other end of the second rocker arm 213 is hinged to the support connector 1. One end of the first rocker arm 211 is hinged to the hole enlarging drive device 3, and the other end is hinged to the cutting member 22.

[0145] It should be noted that this structure is advantageous in enabling the cutting part 22 to move radially without axial movement through the action of the hole reaming drive device 3. This allows the axial movement of the cutting part 22 to be generated solely by the action of the drill bit axial movement drive device, thereby simplifying control.

[0146] Please refer to Figure 14 In other embodiments, the linkage mechanism 21 includes a third rocker arm 214 and a fourth rocker arm 215 hinged together. The other end of the third rocker arm 214 is hinged to the hole-expanding drive device 3, and the other end of the fourth rocker arm 215 is hinged to the support connector 1. The cutting element 22 can be cutting teeth respectively provided on the third rocker arm 214 and the fourth rocker arm 215. This structure is simple and facilitates the realization of helical hole expansion.

[0147] Of course, in other embodiments, the hole-enlarging component 2 can also be other structures.

[0148] In addition, the above embodiments do not limit the specific shape of the cutting part 22.

[0149] Please refer to Figures 15-19 In some embodiments, the cutting element 22 includes a trapezoidal cutting element 221, an L-shaped cutting element, or a forming cutting element 222 for forming a hole of a preset shape.

[0150] The cutting element 22 is configured as a trapezoidal cutting element 221, that is, the cutting element 22 includes a trapezoidal cutting frame and cutting teeth disposed on the trapezoidal cutting frame. The trapezoidal cutting element 221 can enable the cutting teeth to penetrate into positions that the square cutting element 22 cannot reach while ensuring the hole enlargement efficiency, thereby expanding the range of hole enlargement shape. The shaped cutting element 222 can improve the hole enlargement efficiency.

[0151] Furthermore, it is understood that in the above embodiments, the support connector 1 mainly serves as a support and transfer component. The reaming assembly 2, the reaming drive device 3, the first guide device 4, and the second guide device 5 are all located on the support connector 1 and are connected to the drill rod of the rotary drilling rig through the support connector 1, thereby enabling the installation of the reaming drill bit on the rotary drilling rig. For example, the support connector 1 includes a joint square tube.

[0152] Additionally, please refer to Figure 21In some embodiments, the support connector 1 is provided with a power supply component 6, a drill bit controller 7, and a first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 8. The power supply component 6 is connected to the drill bit controller 7, the first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 8, and the hole reaming drive device 3, respectively. The first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 8 is used to connect to the second wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 50 of the rotary drilling rig.

[0153] In other words, in this embodiment, the reaming drill bit has its own power supply and controller. The power supply component 6 of the reaming drill bit can supply power to the reaming drive device 3, the drill bit controller 7, and the first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 8. The drill bit controller 7 can directly control the operation of the reaming drive device 3. The first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 8 and the second wireless signal transmitting and receiving module 50 can transmit wireless signals, which is conducive to realizing the communication between the main controller 60 of the rotary drilling rig and the drill bit controller 7, and to realizing the synchronous control of the drill bit axial movement drive device and the reaming drive device 3.

[0154] For example, the power supply assembly 6 and the drill bit controller 7 can be integrated into one unit, such as... Figure 1 Medium power supply and controller integration 9 (such as Figure 2 (As shown).

[0155] like Figure 20 As shown, in addition to the above-mentioned rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method and hole enlargement drill bit, the present invention also provides a rotary drilling rig, which includes a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device 20 and a hole enlargement drill bit 10, and adopts the rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method disclosed in any of the above embodiments. For the structure of other parts of the rotary drilling rig, please refer to the relevant technology, which will not be repeated here.

[0156] It should be noted that the focus of this embodiment is that the rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method disclosed in any of the above embodiments includes at least the beneficial effects of the above rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method, which will not be repeated here.

[0157] like Figure 22 As shown, this is the center hole; Figures 23-31 As shown, this illustrates various hole shapes that a rotary drilling rig can drill.

[0158] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0159] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0160] The above provides a detailed description of the rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method, hole enlargement drill bit, and rotary drilling rig provided by this invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling borehole enlargement in a rotary drilling rig, characterized in that, Applied to rotary drilling rigs, the rotary drilling rig includes a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device, and a reaming drill bit, the reaming drill bit including a reaming assembly and a reaming drive device; The rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method includes: When performing non-spiral reaming on a center hole of equal diameter, the power head rotary drive device is controlled to rotate the reaming drill bit around the axis of the center hole. Control the operation of the hole-expanding drive device to cause the hole-expanding drive device to drive the hole-expanding assembly to change its expansion radius; The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the central hole, and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly satisfy a first preset functional relationship. The first preset functional relationship can be one of a polynomial function, an inverse trigonometric function, and a radical function, so as to match the action of the axial movement drive device of the drill bit with the action of the reaming drive device to achieve reaming of various shapes. The polynomial function is: ; The inverse trigonometric function is: ; The radical function is: ; Where Z is the displacement of the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the central hole when the drill bit axial movement drive device is activated; ρ is the reaming radius of the reaming assembly; k1, k2, k3, and k4 are constants related to the trajectory shape of the corresponding functions; Z1, Z2, Z3, ... and Let be constants related to the trajectory position of the corresponding functions.

2. The rotary drilling rig borehole enlargement control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When spiraling the central hole, the rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method includes: Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device to make the enlarging radius of the hole enlarging assembly a preset radius value; The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move, so that the reaming drill bit moves along the axial direction of the center hole; The power head rotation drive device is controlled to operate so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy a second preset functional relationship until one spiral reaming is completed.

3. The rotary drilling rig borehole enlargement control method according to claim 2, characterized in that, After completing one spiral reaming operation, the following steps are also included: After each spiral reaming operation, the reaming drive device is controlled to increase the reaming radius of the reaming assembly by a preset increment. Each time the reaming radius of the reaming assembly increases, the axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move again, and the rotation drive device of the power head is controlled to move, so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy the second preset function relationship, thus completing one spiral reaming. Continue until N spiral reaming operations are completed, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

4. The rotary drilling rig borehole enlargement control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When spiraling the central hole, the rotary drilling rig hole enlargement control method includes: Control the operation of the hole enlarging drive device to increase the enlarging radius of the hole enlarging assembly; The axial movement drive device of the drill bit is controlled to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the central hole, and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit and the reaming radius of the reaming assembly satisfy a third preset function relationship. The operation of the power head rotation drive device is controlled so that the rotation angle of the reaming drill bit and the axial displacement of the reaming drill bit satisfy a fourth preset function relationship.

5. The rotary drilling rig borehole enlargement control method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The drill bit axial movement drive device includes a pressure drive device and an upward drive device; Controlling the axial movement drive of the drill bit to move the reaming drill bit along the axial direction of the center hole includes: Control the pressurization drive device to move the reaming drill bit downward along the axial direction of the center hole, or... Control the upward drive device to move the reaming drill bit upward along the axial direction of the center hole.

6. The rotary drilling rig borehole enlargement control method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The drill bit axial movement drive device, the power head rotation drive device, and the hole reaming drive device are all electric devices.

7. A reaming drill bit, characterized in that, The reaming control method for rotary drilling rigs according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the reaming drill bit comprises: Support connector (1) for connecting to the drill rod of a rotary drilling rig; The hole enlarging assembly (2) includes a linkage mechanism (21) and a cutting element (22) connected to the linkage mechanism (21), wherein the linkage mechanism (21) is hinged to the support connector (1); The hole-expanding drive device (3) is connected to the linkage mechanism (21) and is used to drive the linkage mechanism (21) to move so that the opening radius of the cutting part (22) increases or decreases. The first guide device (4) and the second guide device (5) are respectively connected to the support connector (1), and are located on the upper and lower sides of the hole enlarging assembly (2) respectively, for guiding during hole enlarging; The hole enlarging drive device (3) includes at least one power source (31) and a sliding sleeve (32) connected to the power source (31). The power source (31) is connected to the support connector (1), the sliding sleeve (32) is slidably connected to the support connector (1), and the linkage mechanism (21) is hinged to the sliding sleeve (32).

8. The reaming drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that, At least one of the first guiding device (4) and the second guiding device (5) includes a housing connector (41) and at least two arc-shaped guides (42). The housing connector (41) is connected to the support connector (1). The arc-shaped guides (42) are radially adjustable and inserted into the housing connector (41), and are distributed circumferentially along the housing connector (41); and / or, At least one of the first guide device (4) and the second guide device (5) includes a hollow arc guide (51) and a connecting pipe (52) connected to the center hole of the hollow arc guide (51), the connecting pipe (52) being axially positionably connected to the support connector (1); and / or, The linkage mechanism (21) includes two parallel first rocker arms (211), a connecting rod (212) connecting the two first rocker arms (211), and a second rocker arm (213) with one end hinged to both the first rocker arm (211) and the connecting rod (212). The other end of the second rocker arm (213) is hinged to the support connector (1). One end of the first rocker arm (211) is hinged to the hole-expanding drive device (3), and the other end is hinged to the cutting part (22); and / or, The linkage mechanism (21) includes a third swing arm (214) and a fourth swing arm (215) that are hinged together. The other end of the third swing arm (214) is hinged to the hole enlarging drive device (3), and the other end of the fourth swing arm (215) is hinged to the support connector (1). The cutting part (22) includes a trapezoidal cutting part (221) or an L-shaped cutting part or a forming cutting part (222) for forming a pre-shaped hole.

9. The reaming drill bit according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The support connector (1) is provided with a power supply component (6), a drill bit controller (7) and a first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module (8). The power supply component (6) is connected to the drill bit controller (7), the first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module (8) and the hole reaming drive device (3) respectively. The first wireless signal transmitting and receiving module (8) is used to connect to the second wireless signal transmitting and receiving module (50) of the rotary drilling rig.

10. A rotary drilling rig, characterized in that, It includes a drill bit axial movement drive device, a power head rotation drive device (20) and a reaming drill bit (10), and adopts the rotary drilling rig reaming control method according to any one of claims 1-6.

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