Cultivation method of primulina primulina potted flowers

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of primulina velutipes, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of potted flowers of primulina velutipes. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting and treating leaves; s2, cutting leaves; s3, performing cuttage management; s4, transplanting seedlings: transplanting the seedlings to flowerpots when the crown breadth of the seedlings is 2-5cm; s5, cultivation management: transferring the seedlings into a greenhouse at the temperature of 20-25 DEG C after the seedlings are recovered for 5-7 days, and controlling illumination time, intensity and spectrum composition. Aiming at market requirements, the invention innovatively provides the primulina primulina potted flower cultivation method, rooting and germination are promoted through exogenous hormones, and illumination time, intensity and spectrum composition are accurately controlled in combination with a light regulation and control technology, so that the annual constant illumination condition is realized, the plant type is compact, the villus color of leaves is brighter, and the quality of plants is improved. The ornamental value can be obviously improved, and the convenience of commodity circulation and transportation can be enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of primrose cultivation technology in China and Vietnam, and specifically relates to a method for cultivating potted primroses in China and Vietnam. Background Technology

[0002] China-Vietnam Primrose ( Primulina synovietamica ) belongs to the genus *Primulina* of the family Gesneriaceae. Primula This perennial herbaceous plant originates from Longzhou, Guangxi, growing on limestone slopes and rocky cliffs at an altitude of approximately 600 meters. The *Primula chinensis* 'Zhongyue' grows in a compact rosette shape, with a small, elegant form, graceful flowers, and unique leaf shape, especially its leaves densely covered with red down. Some plants also exhibit elegant herringbone-like markings, perfectly aligning with the modern aesthetic pursuit of "new, unique, rare, and precious" in flower consumption. *Primula chinensis* 'Zhongyue' is extremely drought-tolerant, surviving even a month without watering, making it an excellent material for creating miniature landscapes and rainforest landscapes. It is also suitable for indoor and balcony cultivation in small spaces. Given the increasingly limited space in modern family gardens and the difficulty in fitting most sun-loving plants, cultivating *Primula chinensis* 'Zhongyue' is undoubtedly an ideal choice.

[0003] In recent years, the Chinese and Vietnamese Primrose Gesneriad has gained widespread popularity among consumers due to its superior ornamental characteristics, while market demands for its quality have also gradually increased. However, the current cultivation and production techniques lack unified standards, resulting in low-quality potted plants, inconsistent quality of finished seedlings, and the failure to fully realize its commercial potential. Furthermore, research on the cultivation of the Chinese and Vietnamese Primrose Gesneriad is currently scarce.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for cultivating the Chinese and Vietnamese Primrose potted flower, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for cultivating the Chinese and Vietnamese primrose gesneriad in pots includes the following steps: S1. Blade Selection and Treatment Select mature old leaves from healthy, disease-free plants, leaving 0.5-1.0 cm of petiole; soak the petiole in rooting agent for 10-20 minutes, then remove and air dry for 15 minutes; S2. Leaf cuttings After laying a layer of expanded clay pebbles at the bottom of the seedling tray, fill it with substrate to a height of 3-4cm. After leveling, water it thoroughly with a 1000-1500 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or a 1% potassium permanganate solution. Then, place the leaves treated in step S1 with the upper surface facing up on the substrate, and cover the petiole with a 1cm thick layer of akadama soil or pumice with a particle size of 2-6mm. S3. Cuttings Management Control the temperature at 20-25℃, the relative humidity at 60-85%, and provide 50-60% shade while keeping the substrate moist. S4. Transplanting seedlings When the seedling crown is 2-5cm wide, fill the bottom of the flowerpot with filler material to 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the pot depth, then fill the pot with substrate to 1 / 2 of the pot depth, compact it, spread the seedling roots in the center of the flowerpot, add substrate around the plant until the pot is full and compact it, and water it thoroughly; place it in a position with 60-80% shade and spray it with fungicide. S5. Cultivation Management After 5-7 days of acclimatization, move the seedlings to a greenhouse at 20-25℃ and manage their light exposure as follows: During the first 1-4 months after transplanting, turn on the LED red and blue light for 10-12 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-6000 lx; In the 5th month after transplanting, turn on the LED red light for 10-12 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-6000 lx; In the 6th month after transplanting, turn on the LED blue light for 10-12 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-7000 lx; From the 7th month after transplanting, turn on 80% LED red and blue light and 20% LED green light for 6-8 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-6000 lx.

[0007] More specifically, in step S1, the rooting agent is prepared by mixing equal volumes of 200 mg / L IBA solution and 200 mg / L NAA solution.

[0008] More specifically, in steps S2 and S4, the matrix is ​​composed of peat, akadama, diatomaceous earth and pumice mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:1:1; wherein the peat has a fiber size of 1-10 mm, the akadama has a particle size of 3-6 mm, the diatomaceous earth has a particle size of 1-3 mm, and the pumice has a particle size of 2-6 mm.

[0009] More specifically, in step S3, the following treatment is also performed during cutting: During the first week of propagation by cuttings, water the petioles twice with 150 mg / L IBA + 150 mg / L NAA, with an interval of 3 days. In the second week of propagation, water the petioles twice with 100mg / L IBA + 100mg / L NAA, with an interval of 3 days. During the 3rd-4th week of cutting propagation, spray the leaves twice with a 2% 6-BA solution diluted 500-800 times, with an interval of 7 days. During the 5th-6th week of cutting propagation, spray the leaves twice with MS nutrient solution + 1.0-3.0 mg / L 6-BA + 0.5-1.5 mg / L NAA, with an interval of 7 days. During the 7th-8th week of cutting propagation, spray the leaves twice with MS nutrient solution + 1.0-3.0 mg / L 6-BA + 1.0-3.0 mg / L IBA, with an interval of 7 days. Nine to ten weeks after cutting, spray the leaves twice with 1 / 2 MS nutrient solution + 3.0 mg / L IBA, with an interval of 7 days.

[0010] More specifically, the 1 / 2MS nutrient solution is MS medium without added sucrose and agar, and the macro-elements in MS medium are reduced to half, while the remaining components and amounts are consistent with MS.

[0011] More specifically, in step S5, the red light of the LED has a wavelength of 400nm, the blue light has a wavelength of 470nm, and the intensity ratio of red light to blue light is 4:1; the red light of the LED has a wavelength of 660nm, the blue light of the LED has a wavelength of 470nm, and the green light of the LED has a wavelength of 500-600nm.

[0012] More specifically, in step S5, water the plants once every two weeks to maintain a relative humidity of 50-70%; and spray the leaves with a 2000-3000 times dilution of Flower More No. 1 every two months.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention addresses market demand by innovatively proposing a method for cultivating potted Primrose in China and Vietnam. It promotes rooting and germination through exogenous hormones and combines light regulation technology to precisely control the duration, intensity, and spectral composition of light, thereby achieving constant lighting conditions throughout the year. This results in compact plant shapes and more vibrant leaf hairs, significantly enhancing both ornamental value and the convenience of commodity circulation and transportation. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The technical solution of this invention patent will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of this invention, but not all embodiments.

[0015] Example 1 In October 2023, mature leaves of *Primulina chinensis* (the third flush of leaves counting from the leaf bud) were collected from the plant. 0.5cm of petiole was retained and the petiole was immersed in a 200mg / L IBA + 200mg / L NAA solution for 10 minutes, then removed and air-dried for 15 minutes. A layer of expanded clay pebbles was placed at the bottom of a seedling tray (37.5cm long, 30.5cm wide, and 7.5cm high), followed by the filling of a well-mixed substrate (composed of peat moss, akadama soil, volcanic rock, and pumice in a 3:1:1:1 volume ratio). The substrate was leveled to a depth of 3cm, then treated with a 1000-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder and the pH adjusted to 6.0. The treated leaves were placed flat on the substrate with the upper surface facing up, and a 1cm layer of akadama soil or pumice (3-6mm particle size) was placed over the petiole. Plant spacing was 1.0cm, and row spacing was 2.0cm.

[0016] After cutting, control the temperature at 25℃, keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, maintain a relative humidity of 60%, and provide 50% shade. At the same time, follow the management to promote root growth and bud sprouting as shown in Table 1 below.

[0017] Table 3. Management of root and shoot growth promotion after cuttings

[0018] In Table 1, 1 / 2MS nutrient solution is MS medium without the addition of sucrose and agar, and the macro-elements in MS medium are reduced to half, while the remaining components and amounts are the same as MS.

[0019] Transplant seedlings when their crown width reaches 2cm. Use plastic flowerpots with a mouth diameter of approximately 7cm, a bottom diameter of approximately 5cm, and a height of approximately 7.3cm. The substrate is the same as described above. Place a layer of filler material at the bottom of the pot to 1 / 3 of the pot's depth, then fill the pot with substrate to 1 / 2 of its depth. After slightly compacting the substrate, spread the plant roots out in the center of the pot, add substrate around the plant until the pot is full, compact it, and water thoroughly. Place the pot under 60% shade and spray with a 1500-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder (manufacturer: Limin Chemical Co., Ltd.) for sterilization on the day of transplanting. After 5 days of acclimatization, transfer the seedlings to a greenhouse for management.

[0020] The temperature inside the greenhouse is controlled at 20℃, and the light is managed according to Table 2 below. The lights are also set to be turned on during the day. Water once every two weeks, keep the relative humidity at 70%, and spray the leaves with a 3000-fold dilution of water-soluble fertilizer Flower More No. 1 once every two months.

[0021] Table 2 Light Management in Cultivation

[0022] Through the above cultivation management, the cultivated *Primulina chinensis* from China and Vietnam can produce 7-8 roots in 14 days, and its root system fills the substrate in 30 days. New offshoots are produced in 60 days, and transplanting is possible after 70 days, significantly reducing the time required for new offshoots compared to conventional leaf cuttings. Furthermore, with controlled light cultivation, the *Primulina chinensis* plants are more compact, and the red hairs on the leaves are more prominent, greatly enhancing its ornamental value.

[0023] Example 2 In October 2023, mature leaves of *Primulina chinensis* (the third flush of leaves counting from the leaf bud) were collected from the plant. 0.5cm of the petiole was retained and immersed in a 200mg / L IBA + 200mg / L NAA solution for 10 minutes, then removed and air-dried for 15 minutes. A layer of expanded clay pebbles was placed at the bottom of a seedling tray (37.5cm long, 30.5cm wide, and 7.5cm high), followed by the filling of a well-mixed substrate (a mixture of peat moss, akadama soil, volcanic rock, and pumice in a 3:1:1:1 volume ratio) to a depth of 4cm. After leveling, the substrate was thoroughly watered with a 1500-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder (manufacturer: Limin Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the pH was adjusted to 7.0. The treated leaves were placed flat on the substrate with the upper surface facing up, and a 1cm layer of akadama soil or pumice (3-6mm in diameter) was placed over the petiole. Plant spacing was 1.0cm, and row spacing was 2.0cm.

[0024] After cutting, control the temperature at 25℃, keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, maintain a relative humidity of 85%, and provide 60% shade. At the same time, follow the management to promote root growth and bud sprouting as shown in Table 3 below.

[0025] Table 3. Management of root and shoot growth promotion after cuttings

[0026] In Table 3, 1 / 2MS nutrient solution is MS medium without the addition of sucrose and agar, and the macro-elements in MS medium are reduced to half, while the remaining components and amounts are the same as MS.

[0027] Transplant when the seedlings reach a crown width of 2cm. Use plastic flower pots with a mouth diameter of approximately 7cm, a bottom diameter of approximately 5cm, and a height of approximately 7.3cm. The substrate is the same as described above. Place a layer of filler material at the bottom of the pot to 1 / 4 of the pot's depth, then fill the pot with substrate to 1 / 2 of its depth. After slightly compacting the substrate, spread the plant roots out in the center of the pot, add substrate around the plant until the pot is full, compact it, and water thoroughly. Place the pot under 80% shade and spray with a 1500-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder (manufacturer: Shandong Bainong Sida Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) on the day of transplanting for sterilization. After 7 days of acclimatization, transfer the seedlings to a greenhouse for management.

[0028] The temperature inside the greenhouse is controlled at 25℃, and the light is managed according to Table 4 below. The lights are also set to be turned on during the day. Water once every two weeks, keep the relative humidity at 50%, and spray the leaves with a 3000-fold dilution of water-soluble fertilizer Flower More No. 1 once every two months.

[0029] Table 4 Light Management in Cultivation

[0030] Through the above cultivation management, the cultivated *Primulina chinensis* from China and Vietnam can produce 7-8 roots in 18 days, and its root system fills the substrate in 35 days. New offshoots are produced in 60 days, and transplanting is possible after 70 days, significantly reducing the time required for new offshoots compared to conventional leaf cuttings. With controlled light cultivation, the *Primulina chinensis* plants are more compact, and the red hairs on the leaves are more prominent, greatly enhancing its ornamental value.

[0031] Example 3 In October 2023, mature leaves of *Primulina chinensis* (fourth whorl of leaves counting from the leaf bud) were collected from the plant. 0.5cm of petiole was retained and the petiole was immersed in a 200mg / L IBA + 200mg / L NAA solution for 10 minutes, then removed and air-dried for 15 minutes. A layer of expanded clay pebbles was placed at the bottom of a seedling tray (37.5cm long, 30.5cm wide, and 7.5cm high), followed by the filling of a well-mixed substrate (a mixture of peat moss, akadama soil, volcanic rock, and pumice in a 3:1:1:1 volume ratio) to a depth of 4cm. After leveling, the substrate was thoroughly watered with a 1% potassium permanganate solution, and the pH was adjusted to 5.5. The treated leaves were placed flat on the substrate with the upper surface facing up, and a 1cm layer of akadama soil or pumice (3-6mm in diameter) was placed over the petiole. Plant spacing was 1.0cm, and row spacing was 2.0cm.

[0032] After cutting, control the temperature at 25℃, keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, maintain a relative humidity of 70%, and provide 55% shade. At the same time, follow the management to promote root growth and bud sprouting as shown in Table 5 below.

[0033] Table 5. Management of root and shoot growth promotion after cuttings

[0034] In Table 5, 1 / 2MS nutrient solution is MS medium without the addition of sucrose and agar, and the macro-elements in MS medium are reduced to half, while the remaining components and amounts are the same as MS.

[0035] Transplant seedlings when their crown width reaches 2cm. Use plastic pots with a mouth diameter of approximately 7cm, a bottom diameter of approximately 5cm, and a height of approximately 7.3cm. The substrate is the same as described previously. Place a layer of filler material at the bottom of the pot to 1 / 3 of its depth, then fill the pot with substrate to 1 / 2 of its depth. After slightly compacting the substrate, spread the plant roots out in the center of the pot, add substrate around the plant until the pot is full, compact it, and water thoroughly. Place the pot under 70% shade and spray with a 1500-fold dilution of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder for sterilization on the day of transplanting. After 6 days of acclimatization, transfer the seedlings to a greenhouse for management.

[0036] The temperature inside the greenhouse is controlled at 22 ℃, and the light is managed according to Table 6 below. The lights are also set to be turned on during the day. Water once every two weeks, keep the relative humidity at 65%, and spray the leaves with a 3000-fold dilution of water-soluble fertilizer Flower More No. 1 once every two months.

[0037] Table 6 Light Management in Cultivation

[0038] Through the above cultivation management, the cultivated *Primulina chinensis* can produce 5-6 roots in 12 days, and its root system fills the substrate in 28 days. New offshoots can be produced in 58 days, and transplanting is possible after 70 days, significantly reducing the time required for new offshoots compared to conventional leaf cuttings. With controlled light cultivation, the *Primulina chinensis* plants are more compact, and the red hairs on the leaves are more prominent, greatly enhancing its ornamental value.

[0039] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating *Primula styracifolium* potted flowers from China and Vietnam, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Blade Selection and Treatment Select mature old leaves from healthy, disease-free plants, leaving 0.5-1.0 cm of petiole; soak the petiole in rooting agent for 10-20 minutes, then remove and air dry for 15 minutes; S2. Leaf cuttings After laying a layer of expanded clay pebbles at the bottom of the seedling tray, fill it with substrate to a height of 3-4cm. After leveling, water it thoroughly with a 1000-1500 times dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder or a 1% potassium permanganate solution. Then, place the leaves treated in step S1 with the upper surface facing up on the substrate, and cover the petiole with a 1cm thick layer of akadama soil or pumice with a particle size of 2-6mm. S3. Cuttings Management Control the temperature at 20-25℃, the relative humidity at 60-85%, and provide 50-60% shade while keeping the substrate moist. S4. Transplanting seedlings When the seedling crown is 2-5cm wide, fill the bottom of the flowerpot with filler material to 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the pot depth, then fill the pot with substrate to 1 / 2 of the pot depth, compact it, spread the seedling roots in the center of the flowerpot, add substrate around the plant until the pot is full and compact it, and water it thoroughly; place it in a position with 60-80% shade and spray it with fungicide. S5. Cultivation Management After 5-7 days of acclimatization, move the seedlings to a greenhouse at 20-25℃ and manage their light exposure as follows: During the first 1-4 months after transplanting, turn on the LED red and blue light for 10-12 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-6000 lx; In the 5th month after transplanting, turn on the LED red light for 10-12 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-6000 lx; In the 6th month after transplanting, turn on the LED blue light for 10-12 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-7000 lx; From the 7th month after transplanting, turn on 80% LED red and blue light and 20% LED green light for 6-8 hours during the day, with a light intensity of 3000-6000 lx.

2. The cultivation method of *Primula spp.* potted flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the rooting agent is prepared by mixing equal volumes of 200 mg / L IBA solution and 200 mg / L NAA solution.

3. The cultivation method of *Primula spp.* potted flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that, In steps S2 and S4, the matrix is ​​composed of peat, akadama, diatomaceous earth and pumice mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:1:1; wherein the peat has a fiber size of 1-10 mm, the akadama has a particle size of 3-6 mm, the diatomaceous earth has a particle size of 1-3 mm, and the pumice has a particle size of 2-6 mm.

4. The cultivation method of *Primula spp.* potted flowers according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the following processing is also performed during cutting: During the first week of propagation by cuttings, water the petioles twice with 150 mg / L IBA + 150 mg / L NAA, with an interval of 3 days. In the second week of propagation, water the petioles twice with 100mg / L IBA + 100mg / L NAA, with an interval of 3 days. During the 3rd-4th week of cutting propagation, spray the leaves twice with a 2% 6-BA solution diluted 500-800 times, with an interval of 7 days. During the 5th-6th week of cutting propagation, spray the leaves twice with MS nutrient solution + 1.0-3.0 mg / L 6-BA + 0.5-1.5 mg / L NAA, with an interval of 7 days. During the 7th-8th week of cutting propagation, spray the leaves twice with MS nutrient solution + 1.0-3.0 mg / L 6-BA + 1.0-3.0 mg / L IBA, with an interval of 7 days. Nine to ten weeks after cutting, spray the leaves twice with 1 / 2 MS nutrient solution + 3.0 mg / L IBA, with an interval of 7 days.

5. The cultivation method of *Primulina primrose* potted flower according to claim 4, characterized in that, The 1 / 2MS nutrient solution is MS medium without added sucrose and agar, with the macro-elements in MS medium reduced to half, while the remaining components and amounts remain the same as MS.

6. The cultivation method of the Chinese and Vietnamese Primrose Potted Flower according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the red light of the LED has a wavelength of 400nm, the blue light has a wavelength of 470nm, and the intensity ratio of red light to blue light is 4:1; the red light of the LED has a wavelength of 660nm, the blue light of the LED has a wavelength of 470nm, and the green light of the LED has a wavelength of 500-600nm.

7. The cultivation method of *Primula spp.* potted flower according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, water once every 2 weeks to maintain a relative humidity of 50-70%; spray the leaves with a 2000-3000 times dilution of Flower More No. 1 once every 2 months.

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