Live tree epiphytic cultivation method of dendrobium chrysotoxum

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of dendrobium cultivation, and provides a live tree epiphytic cultivation method of dendrobium chrysotoxum. The method comprises the following steps: S1, constructing a symbiotic system: binding dendrobium chrysotoxum seedlings and pteridium nursing plants on a selected living host tree from December every year to March next year; s2, fixing dendrobium chrysotoxum seedlings: winding hemp ropes on branches of host trees to fix the dendrobium chrysotoxum seedlings; s3, precise fertilization management: applying an improved nutrient solution, and adjusting the fertilization frequency according to different growth stages of Dendrobium chrysotoxum; s4, monitoring, regulating and controlling polysaccharide accumulation: regularly sampling and determining the polysaccharide content of dendrobium chrysotoxum, and feeding back and adjusting a management strategy according to a determination result. Compared with a traditional living tree planting method, the living tree epiphytic cultivation method of dendrobium chrysotoxum can remarkably improve the survival rate and yield of dendrobium chrysotoxum and the content of polysaccharide medicinal components, and the goal of high-quality and standardized production is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of Dendrobium cultivation, specifically a method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees. Background Technology

[0002] Dendrobium is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. Dendrobium nobile is one of the original plants of Dendrobium and is included in the 2020 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. It has the effects of nourishing the stomach and promoting the production of body fluids, nourishing yin and clearing heat. It mainly contains a variety of trace elements, amino acids, bibenzyl groups, phenanthrene, polysaccharides, lignin and other chemical components. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it has anti-tumor, immune-enhancing, liver-protecting, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihypertensive and hypoglycemic effects. It is a product that can be used as both medicine and food.

[0003] The artificial cultivation methods for Dendrobium nobile are mainly divided into two categories: protected cultivation (such as greenhouse bed cultivation and pot cultivation) and semi-wild cultivation. Although protected cultivation allows for a controllable environment, it involves high investment costs, and the medicinal component content of the Dendrobium produced is often lower than that of wild products, making it difficult to guarantee quality. Semi-wild cultivation, especially epiphytic cultivation on living trees, can simulate the natural growth environment of Dendrobium and is considered an effective way to produce high-quality Dendrobium.

[0004] There have been some attempts at cultivating Dendrobium officinale on living trees in the existing technology. For example, patent CN103314836A discloses a multi-dimensional planting method for Dendrobium officinale and edible fungi under forest cover. This method is complex and does not solve the problem of precise quality control during the growth process of Dendrobium officinale. In addition, existing living tree cultivation techniques generally suffer from low survival rate, insufficient growth stability, extensive management, and uncontrollable quality.

[0005] To address the problems raised in the background art, those skilled in the art have proposed a method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees, thereby solving the problems of low survival rate, insufficient growth stability, extensive management, and uncontrollable quality in the existing technology.

[0007] A method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Symbiotic system construction: Between December and March of the following year, Dendrobium nobile seedlings and fern care plants are tied together to a selected living host tree;

[0009] S2. Dendrobium seedling fixation: Use hemp rope to wrap around the branches of the host tree to fix the Dendrobium nobile seedlings;

[0010] S3. Precision fertilization management: Apply modified nutrient solution and adjust the fertilization frequency according to different growth stages of Dendrobium nobile;

[0011] S4. Monitoring and regulation of polysaccharide accumulation: Regularly sample and measure the polysaccharide content of Dendrobium nobile, and adjust management strategies based on the measurement results.

[0012] Preferably, the symbiotic system construction in step S1 is specifically as follows: select one of sandalwood, camphor tree or banyan tree as the host tree, prune and retain branches with a diameter of 4-20cm, and maintain the light transmittance of the canopy at 75%-85%. The fern care plant is one of oak fern or cliff ginger, with a plant height of 20-30cm. The ratio of the number of Dendrobium nobile seedlings to the number of fern care plants is 3-5:1, and the distance between adjacent Dendrobium nobile plants is 13-16cm.

[0013] Preferably, the fixation of Dendrobium seedlings in step S2 is specifically as follows: select Dendrobium nobile tissue culture seedlings that have been acclimatized in the wild for 1.5-2 years and have a plant height of not less than 15cm, remove the root substrate and rotten roots, and use hemp rope to wrap around the seedlings starting from the root head and 2-3cm away from the bark, wrapping them continuously for 5 turns, with a distance of 1-2cm between turns and a total wrapping distance of 7-8cm.

[0014] Preferably, the modified nutrient solution in step S3 is based on biogas slurry, with urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate added to it, so that the nitrogen content in the final nutrient solution is 0.05%-0.15% and the phosphorus content is 0.02%-0.05%.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the fertilization frequency is as follows: once every two weeks for the first two months after planting, once a week during the vigorous growth period from March to October, and once a month during the dormant period from November to January of the following year.

[0016] Preferably, the polysaccharide accumulation monitoring and regulation in step S4 specifically involves: randomly collecting Dendrobium nobile samples every quarter, determining their polysaccharide content using the hot water extraction-DNS method, increasing the proportion of phosphorus and potassium elements in the modified nutrient solution when the polysaccharide content is found to be below 30%, and maintaining the original nutrient solution formula and management measures when the polysaccharide content is stable above 35%.

[0017] Preferably, this also includes water management according to seasonal changes: during the dry season from November to April of the following year, water once every 2-3 days in the morning or evening; during the rainy season from May to October, rely mainly on natural rainfall and do not carry out additional watering; and maintain the relative humidity of the cultivation environment in the range of 40%-100%.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention constructs an optimized symbiotic system of Dendrobium and ferns and combines it with precise water and fertilizer management. The growth indicators and medicinal component content of Dendrobium nobile are significantly better than those of traditional live tree planting methods, and the survival rate is extremely high.

[0020] 2. By selecting a suitable host tree and optimizing management, this invention can produce Dendrobium nobile with extremely high medicinal component content, and its extract content also far exceeds the pharmacopoeia standard, resulting in a significant improvement in overall quality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the symbiotic epiphytic relationship between Dendrobium nobile and ferns on a living tree host, as described in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown:

[0024] Example 1:

[0025] Application example in Simao District, Pu'er City, Yunnan Province. Application environment: altitude 1300 meters, average annual temperature 18℃, annual precipitation 1500 mm, belonging to subtropical monsoon climate.

[0026] A method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees includes the following steps:

[0027] S1. Symbiotic System Construction: Select a 5-year-old, robust sandalwood tree as the host tree. After pruning, retain branches with a diameter of 10-20cm. By thinning out surrounding miscellaneous trees, maintain the canopy light transmittance at 75%-80%. Select a 25cm tall oak fern as the symbiotic plant. Tie it to the branches in a staggered ratio of 4:1 with 1.5-year-old wild-acclimated Dendrobium nobile seedlings. The spacing between Dendrobium nobile clusters is 15cm.

[0028] S2. Dendrobium seedling fixation: Strictly follow the parameters described in claim 3, use new hemp rope to wrap around the Dendrobium root head starting 2.5cm from the bark, ensuring 5 wraps with a loop spacing of 1.5cm and a total wrapping distance of 7.5cm;

[0029] S3. Precision fertilization management: Prepare a modified nutrient solution with a nitrogen content of 0.1%, spray it once every two weeks for the first two months, spray it once a week during the vigorous growth period thereafter, and spray it once a month during the dormant period.

[0030] S4. Monitoring and Control: Samples were taken at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after cultivation. The polysaccharide content was determined by hot water extraction-DNS method. When the polysaccharide content was found to be below 30%, the ratio of phosphorus and potassium in the improved nutrient solution was increased. When the polysaccharide content was stable above 35%, the original nutrient solution formula and management measures were maintained.

[0031] Data Validation: After a 24-month growth cycle, the results of this project were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1:

[0032] Table 1

[0033] detection indicators Test results Comparative example (traditional live tree planting) Survival rate 98% 90% Average stem diameter (mm) 8.5 6.8 Average plant height (cm) 35.2 28.5 Polysaccharide content (%) 36.50% 25.80% Fresh weight of single-bush tea (g) 125 95

[0034] Effect Analysis: This embodiment, by constructing an optimized symbiotic system of Dendrobium and ferns and combining it with precise water and fertilizer management, shows that all growth indicators and medicinal component contents are significantly better than traditional live tree planting methods, with an extremely high survival rate, fully demonstrating the comprehensive advantages of this invention.

[0035] Example 2:

[0036] Application example in Mangshi, Dehong Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Application environment: altitude 1000 meters, average annual temperature 20℃, annual precipitation 1800 mm, and more humid and hot climate.

[0037] A method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. Symbiotic System Construction: Select 8-year-old camphor trees with thick and rough bark as host trees. After pruning, retain branches with a diameter of 4-15cm to maintain a high light transmittance of 85% to adapt to the strong local light. Select 30cm tall Ligustrum lucidum as symbiotic plants and tie them with Dendrobium officinale seedlings that have been domesticated for 1.8 years at a ratio of 3:1. The spacing between Dendrobium officinale clumps is 14cm.

[0039] S2. Dendrobium seedling fixation: The fixation method and parameters are the same as in Example 1, but in view of the long rainy season in the local area, after the hemp rope is wrapped, an extra thin layer of moss is loosely wrapped around the Dendrobium root system to enhance moisture retention and prevent it from being washed away by heavy rain.

[0040] S3. Precision Fertilizer Management: In view of the local abundant rainfall and easy loss of nutrients, the nitrogen content of the nutrient solution was adjusted to 0.12%, and the concentration of trace elements was increased. The fertilization frequency remained unchanged, but the foliar spraying was changed to be carried out during the period of forecasted consecutive sunny days to improve fertilizer efficiency.

[0041] S4. Monitoring and Control: The monitoring and control methods and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Data Verification: After a 24-month growth cycle, the results of this project were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2:

[0043] Table 2

[0044] detection indicators Test results Comparative example (traditional live tree planting) Survival rate 96% 87% Incidence of diseases and pests < 5% 15% Number of new shoots sprouting / clump 4.8 3.5 Polysaccharide content (%) 35.20% 24.50% Fresh stems yield per mu (kg) 215 165

[0045] Effect Analysis: This embodiment demonstrates that, under high temperature and high humidity conditions, the present invention, by adjusting the symbiotic ratio, light management, and fertilization strategy, can not only maintain a high survival rate but also effectively suppress pests and diseases, ultimately achieving high yield and high quality.

[0046] Example 3:

[0047] Application example in Jinghong City, Xishuangbanna Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Application environment: altitude 600 meters, average annual temperature 22℃, annual precipitation 1200 mm, typical tropical climate.

[0048] A method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees includes the following steps:

[0049] S1. Symbiotic System Construction: Select a 6-year-old banyan tree with a wide canopy as the host tree, and use its aerial roots to create a humid microenvironment for the dendrobium. After pruning, retain branches with a diameter of 10-20cm, and control the light transmittance at 80%. Select oak fern and tie it with healthy dendrobium seedlings that have been domesticated for 2.0 years at a ratio of 5:1. The spacing between dendrobium clumps is 16cm to give them more room to grow.

[0050] S2. Dendrobium seedling fixation: The method is the same as in claim 3. Since the bark of the banyan tree is smooth, before wrapping it with hemp rope, gently tap the binding area with the back of a knife to create tiny cracks, so as to facilitate the later attachment of the Dendrobium roots;

[0051] S3. Precision fertilization management: The nitrogen content of the nutrient solution is set at the lower limit of 0.08% to avoid excessive growth in high temperature environment. Strict water management is implemented, and watering is carried out once every two days in the evening during the dry season.

[0052] S4. Monitoring and Control: The monitoring and control methods and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Data Validation: After a 24-month growth cycle, the results of this project were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 3:

[0054] Table 3

[0055] detection indicators Embodiment 3 of the present invention Comparative example (traditional live tree planting) Survival rate 97% 88% Root attachment strength Strong (no shedding) (Some of them were knocked down by wind and rain) Polysaccharide content (%) 37.10% 26.20% Extract content (%) 18.50% 14.20%

[0056] Effect Analysis: This embodiment shows that in tropical regions, by selecting a suitable host tree and optimizing management, the present invention can produce Dendrobium nobile with extremely high medicinal component content, and its extract content also far exceeds the pharmacopoeia standard, resulting in a significant improvement in overall quality.

[0057] In summary, by implementing the core steps of this invention, it is consistently demonstrated that compared with traditional live tree cultivation methods, this invention can significantly improve the survival rate, yield, and polysaccharide medicinal component content of Dendrobium nobile, thus achieving the goal of high-quality and standardized production.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purposes of illustration and description. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile on living trees, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Symbiotic system construction: Between December and March of the following year, Dendrobium nobile seedlings and fern care plants are tied together to a selected living host tree; S2. Dendrobium seedling fixation: Use hemp rope to wrap around the branches of the host tree to fix the Dendrobium nobile seedlings; S3. Precision fertilization management: Apply modified nutrient solution and adjust the fertilization frequency according to different growth stages of Dendrobium nobile; S4. Monitoring and regulation of polysaccharide accumulation: Regularly sample and measure the polysaccharide content of Dendrobium nobile, and adjust management strategies based on the measurement results.

2. The method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The symbiotic system construction in step S1 is specifically as follows: select one of sandalwood, camphor tree or banyan tree as the host tree, prune and retain branches with a diameter of 4-20cm, and maintain the light transmittance of the canopy at 75%-85%. The fern care plant is one of oak fern or cliff ginger, with a plant height of 20-30cm. The ratio of the number of Dendrobium nobile seedlings to the number of fern care plants is 3-5:1, and the distance between adjacent Dendrobium nobile plants is 13-16cm.

3. The method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixation of Dendrobium seedlings in step S2 is specifically as follows: Select Dendrobium nobile tissue culture seedlings that have been acclimatized in the wild for 1.5-2 years and have a plant height of not less than 15cm. After removing the root substrate and rotten roots, use hemp rope to wrap around the seedlings starting from the root head and 2-3cm away from the bark. Wrap continuously for 5 turns, with a distance of 1-2cm between each turn and a total wrapping distance of 7-8cm.

4. The method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The improved nutrient solution in step S3 is based on biogas slurry, with the addition of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, so that the final nutrient solution contains 0.05%-0.15% nitrogen and 0.02%-0.05% phosphorus.

5. The method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the fertilization frequency is as follows: for the first two months after planting, foliar spray once every two weeks; during the vigorous growth period from March to October, spray once a week; and during the dormant period from November to January of the following year, spray once a month.

6. The method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring and regulation of polysaccharide accumulation in step S4 specifically involves: randomly collecting Dendrobium nobile samples every quarter and determining their polysaccharide content using the hot water extraction-DNS method; when the polysaccharide content is found to be below 30%, increasing the ratio of phosphorus and potassium elements in the modified nutrient solution; and maintaining the original nutrient solution formula and management measures when the polysaccharide content is stable above 35%.

7. The method for epiphytic cultivation of Dendrobium nobile as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes water management according to seasonal changes: during the dry season from November to April of the following year, water once every 2-3 days in the morning or evening; during the rainy season from May to October, rely mainly on natural rainfall and do not water additionally; and maintain the relative humidity of the cultivation environment in the range of 40%-100%.

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