A tracking photovoltaic power generation device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a tracking photovoltaic power generation device. It comprises east-west rotating lower photovoltaic panels and upper photovoltaic panels along the same rotation center, and a control system for real-time adjustment of the orientation of the lower photovoltaic panels and the upper photovoltaic panels according to the angle of sunlight. Multiple lower photovoltaic panels and upper photovoltaic panels are equidistantly arranged along the north-south direction. When the solar altitude angle is less than 45°, the angle between the light-receiving surface of the lower photovoltaic panels and the sunlight is always 45°, and the upper photovoltaic panels are perpendicular to the lower photovoltaic panels. When the solar altitude angle is not less than 45°, the light-receiving surfaces of the upper photovoltaic panels and the lower photovoltaic panels are both perpendicular to the sunlight. In use, when the solar altitude angle is small in the morning and evening, the lower photovoltaic panels and the upper photovoltaic panels are rotated to a perpendicular state, the lower photovoltaic panels and the upper photovoltaic panels receive reflected light from each other, the power generation capacity is increased, and the shadow is smaller, which is conducive to more compact arrangement of the photovoltaic power generation array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a tracking photovoltaic power generation device. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional photovoltaic (PV) power generation devices have a fixed angle after installation. To fully utilize solar energy and increase power generation, tracking PV structures have been designed. These structures use mechanical or electronic control systems to drive the PV modules to follow changes in the sun's azimuth and altitude angles to maintain the optimal angle of sunlight. Their core advantage lies in increasing power generation, making them particularly suitable for areas with abundant solar resources but significant variations in the sun's altitude angle. For large-scale PV power plants, multiple rows of PV devices are typically installed. In such cases, a single-axis method is often used to adjust the east-west angle of the PV panels. However, because the sun's altitude angle is lower in the morning and evening, the PV panels need to be tilted at a large angle to maintain the optimal angle of sunlight. This results in the shadows cast by the front rows of PV panels shading the rear rows. To avoid this shading, two methods are typically used: one is to increase the distance between the two rows of PV devices, but this increases the footprint and reduces the number of PV panels that can be installed; the other is to use software control to tilt the PV panels more horizontally in the morning and evening, thus reducing the impact of shadows on the rear rows. However, this method significantly sacrifices sunlight in the morning and evening, drastically reducing power generation during these times.

[0003] Chinese patent CN117595769A discloses a single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket that eliminates the need for a rigid connection between the bracket and the bottom support components via rotating parts such as bearings, thereby reducing the failure rate and operating cost of the photovoltaic bracket.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned publicly available solutions have the following shortcomings: the photovoltaic panels on both sides of the linkage rotate synchronously. When the solar altitude angle is small (early morning and evening), the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels is large, and the photovoltaic panels in the front row will cast a large shadow, which will have a great impact on the photovoltaic panels in the back row. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem in the prior art where, when the solar altitude angle is low, the front row of photovoltaic panels casts a large area of ​​shadow, affecting the sunlight received by the rear row of photovoltaic panels, and to propose a tracking photovoltaic power generation device.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is as follows: A tracking photovoltaic power generation device includes a lower photovoltaic panel and an upper photovoltaic panel that rotate east-west along the same rotation center, and a control system that adjusts the orientation of the lower and upper photovoltaic panels in real time according to the angle of sunlight; multiple lower and upper photovoltaic panels are equidistantly arranged along the north-south direction, and the lower and upper photovoltaic panels are located on both sides of the rotation center; when the solar altitude angle is less than 45°, the angle between the light-receiving surface of the lower photovoltaic panel and the sunlight is always maintained at 45°, and the upper photovoltaic panel is perpendicular to the lower photovoltaic panel; when the solar altitude angle is not less than 45°, the light-receiving surfaces of both the upper and lower photovoltaic panels are perpendicular to the sunlight.

[0007] Preferably, under extreme weather conditions, the lower photovoltaic panel and the upper photovoltaic panel are rotated to a horizontal position, and the lower photovoltaic panel and the upper photovoltaic panel are in contact, with the light-receiving surfaces of both located on the inside.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes an inner rotating mechanism, which includes a support column a, a support frame set on top of the support column a, a rotating device a set on the support frame, and an inner support rod passing through the rotating device a. Multiple sets of the inner rotating mechanism are equidistantly arranged along the north-south direction; the lower photovoltaic panel is set on the inner support rod through a lower mounting mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the support frame includes a flat plate disposed on top of the support column a, two U-shaped frames disposed on the flat plate, and a connecting plate disposed between the two U-shaped frames; the rotating device a is disposed on the connecting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the lower mounting mechanism includes two mounting rods a disposed on the inner support rod, and a reinforcing plate a disposed on the inner support rod. The end of the reinforcing plate a is connected to the bottom of the mounting rod a, and the lower photovoltaic panel is disposed between the two mounting rods a.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an outer rotation mechanism, which includes an outer support sleeve fitted over the inner support rod, a fixing frame disposed at both ends of the outer support sleeve, an upper mounting mechanism disposed on the fixing frame for mounting the photovoltaic panel, a support column b disposed on the ground, and a rotation device b disposed on the top of the support column b to drive the outer support sleeve to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, connecting frames are provided at both ends of the outer support sleeve, and two adjacent outer support sleeves are connected by connecting frames.

[0013] Preferably, the upper mounting mechanism includes a fixing frame disposed at both ends of the outer support sleeve, and mounting rods b and reinforcing plates b disposed on the fixing frame, with the upper photovoltaic panel disposed on the two mounting rods b.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following beneficial technical effects: When the solar altitude angle is low in the early morning and late evening, the lower and upper photovoltaic panels rotate to a perpendicular state, with the lower photovoltaic panel at a 45° angle to the incident light. The lower and upper photovoltaic panels receive each other's reflected light, increasing power generation. Compared with traditional control methods, this effectively improves power generation in the early morning and late evening. Furthermore, because the lower and upper photovoltaic panels are perpendicular rather than on the same surface, the resulting shadows are smaller, facilitating a more compact arrangement of the photovoltaic power generation array and increasing the number of photovoltaic panels per unit area, thereby increasing power generation. In addition, in extreme environments, the mutual rotation and contact of the lower and upper photovoltaic panels protect the light-receiving surface from damage caused by external impacts, thus extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic panels. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Partial structural diagram;

[0018] Figure 4 The installation structure for the lower photovoltaic panels;

[0019] Figure 5 For the installation structure of the photovoltaic panels;

[0020] Reference numerals: 1. Support column a; 2. Support column b; 3. Support frame; 4. Rotating device a; 5. Rotating device b; 6. Inner support rod; 7. Mounting rod a; 8. Reinforcing plate a; 9. Lower photovoltaic panel; 10. Outer support sleeve; 11. Connecting frame; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Fixing frame; 14. Mounting rod b; 15. Reinforcing plate b; 16. Upper photovoltaic panel; 17. Mounting bracket; 18. Flat plate; 19. U-shaped frame; 20. Connecting plate; 21. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1; as Figure 1As shown, the present invention proposes a tracking photovoltaic power generation device, comprising a lower photovoltaic panel 9 and an upper photovoltaic panel 16 rotating east-west around the same rotation center, and a control system that adjusts the orientation of the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 in real time according to the angle of sunlight. Multiple lower photovoltaic panels 9 and upper photovoltaic panels 16 are equidistantly arranged along a north-south direction; only six are shown in the figure as an example. In actual large-area photovoltaic arrays, the number is far greater than six. The lower photovoltaic panel 9 and upper photovoltaic panel 16 are located on opposite sides of the rotation center. When the solar altitude angle is less than 45°, the angle between the light-receiving surface of the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the sunlight remains at 45°. The upper photovoltaic panel 16 is perpendicular to the lower photovoltaic panel 9. When sunlight shines on the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 at a 45° angle, reflection occurs, meaning the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 mutually receive sunlight. The reflected light from the other side increases the power generation in the morning and evening. Furthermore, because the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 are perpendicular, the overall shadow is significantly reduced, minimizing the impact on the rear photovoltaic panels. This helps to reduce the spacing between photovoltaic arrays and increase the number of photovoltaic panels per unit area. When the solar altitude angle is not less than 45°, the light-receiving surfaces of both the upper photovoltaic panel 16 and the lower photovoltaic panel 9 are perpendicular to the sunlight. That is, when the solar altitude angle is large, the upper photovoltaic panel 16 and the lower photovoltaic panel 9 are adjusted according to the optimal light-receiving angle. In this embodiment, the angle adjustment of the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 uses conventional technology, such as setting up a sensor group to adjust in real time according to the sunlight conditions, or adjusting periodically through a preset adjustment program according to the actual local sunlight conditions. Both methods are feasible and will not be elaborated further here.

[0022] Furthermore, in extreme weather conditions, such as strong winds, hail, and sandstorms, the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 are rotated to a horizontal position and in contact with each other, with their light-receiving surfaces located on the inside. By overlapping and folding, the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 are attached together, protecting their light-receiving surfaces and preventing damage to the photovoltaic panels from hail and large foreign objects.

[0023] Example 2; as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, this invention proposes a tracking photovoltaic power generation device. Compared to Embodiment 1, this embodiment details the structure of the inner rotating mechanism. The inner rotating mechanism includes a support column a1, a support frame 3 mounted on the top of the support column a1, a rotating device a4 mounted on the support frame 3, and an inner support rod 6 passing through the rotating device a4. Multiple sets of the inner rotating mechanism are equidistantly arranged along the north-south direction. The rotating device a4 drives the inner support rod 6 to rotate and simultaneously provides support for the inner support rod 6. The lower photovoltaic panel 9 is mounted on the inner support rod 6 through a lower mounting mechanism.

[0024] Furthermore, the support frame 3 includes a flat plate 18 disposed on the top of the support column a1, two U-shaped frames 19 disposed on the flat plate 18, and a connecting plate 20 disposed between the two U-shaped frames 19, with the U-shaped groove openings on the U-shaped frames 19 facing downwards; the rotating device a4 is disposed on the connecting plate 20. In an optional embodiment, the U-shaped frames 19 and the flat plate 18 are bolted together, and the rotating device a4 and the connecting plate 20 are bolted together.

[0025] Furthermore, the lower mounting mechanism includes two mounting rods a7 mounted on the inner support rod 6, and a reinforcing plate a8 mounted on the inner support rod 6. The end of the reinforcing plate a8 is connected to the bottom of the mounting rod a7. The lower photovoltaic panel 9 is positioned between the two mounting rods a7. Specifically, the ends of the mounting rods a7 and the reinforcing plate a8 are located on the upper and lower sides of the inner support rod 6, respectively, and are locked by multiple screws 21 and nuts. The ends of the mounting rods a7 and the reinforcing plate a8 are also connected by bolts and nuts. The back of the mounting rods a7 and the lower photovoltaic panel 9 are connected by multiple Z-shaped mounting brackets 17.

[0026] Example 3; as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, this invention proposes a tracking photovoltaic power generation device. Compared to Embodiment 2, this embodiment details the structure of the outer rotating mechanism. The outer rotating mechanism includes an outer support sleeve 10 fitted over the inner support rod 6, fixed frames 13 at both ends of the outer support sleeve 10, an upper mounting mechanism on the fixed frames 13 for mounting photovoltaic panels 16, a support column b2 on the ground, and a rotating device b5 on the top of the support column b2 for rotating the outer support sleeve 10. It should be noted that the outer support sleeve 10 does not contact the inner support rod 6, and the rotation of the inner support rod 6 and the outer support sleeve 10 do not affect each other.

[0027] Furthermore, connecting frames 11 are provided at both ends of the outer support sleeve 10, and two adjacent outer support sleeves 10 are connected by connecting frames 11. Specifically, connecting plates 12 are provided at the ends of the connecting frames 11, and through holes are provided on the connecting plates 12. After the connecting plates 12 on the two connecting frames 11 come into contact, they are locked by bolts and nuts. The connecting frames 11 are located inside the U-shaped frame 19. During the rotation of the upper photovoltaic panel 16, the connecting frames 11 rotate in the internal space of the U-shaped frame 19 without causing interference.

[0028] Furthermore, the upper mounting mechanism includes a fixing frame 13 disposed at both ends of the outer support sleeve 10, and a mounting rod b14 and a reinforcing plate b15 disposed on the fixing frame 13. The upper photovoltaic panel 16 is disposed on the two mounting rods b14. In an optional embodiment, the fixing frame 13 and the outer support sleeve 10 are connected by bolts. The mounting rod b14 and the mounting rod a7 have the same structure, and the reinforcing plate b15 and the reinforcing plate a8 have the same structure, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty.

[0029] Additional explanation: Rotating devices a4 and b5 have the same structure, only different sizes. Rotating device b5 is larger because it needs to drive the larger outer support sleeve 10 to rotate. Both rotating devices a4 and b5 include a housing and a rotating component rotatably mounted inside the housing. The inner support rod 6 or the outer support sleeve 10 is connected to the rotating component, which is equipped with a ring gear. A motor is installed inside the housing, and a gear is installed on the motor output shaft. The gear meshes with the ring gear, thereby driving the inner support rod 6 or the outer support sleeve 10 to rotate, thus adjusting the angle of the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16. Rotating devices a4 and b5, necessary sensor groups (such as rotation position sensors, wind sensors, weather sensors, and sunlight angle sensors), and a control board together form a control system, which dynamically controls the angle of the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16.

[0030] In summary, when using this invention, during the early morning and late evening when the solar altitude angle is low, the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 rotate to a perpendicular position, with the lower photovoltaic panel 9 at a 45° angle to the incident light. The lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 mutually receive reflected light from each other, increasing power generation. Compared to traditional control methods, this effectively improves power generation during the early morning and late evening. Furthermore, because the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 are perpendicular rather than on the same surface, the resulting shadows are smaller, facilitating a more compact arrangement of the photovoltaic power generation array and increasing the number of photovoltaic panels per unit area, thereby increasing power generation. Additionally, in extreme environments, the mutual rotation and contact of the lower photovoltaic panel 9 and the upper photovoltaic panel 16 protects the light-receiving surface from damage caused by external impacts, thus extending the lifespan of the photovoltaic panels.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tracking photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that, The system includes a lower photovoltaic panel (9) and an upper photovoltaic panel (16) that rotate east-west along the same rotation center, and a control system that adjusts the orientation of the lower photovoltaic panel (9) and the upper photovoltaic panel (16) in real time according to the angle of sunlight. Multiple lower photovoltaic panels (9) and upper photovoltaic panels (16) are equidistantly arranged along the north-south direction, with the lower photovoltaic panel (9) and the upper photovoltaic panel (16) located on both sides of the rotation center. When the solar altitude angle is less than 45°, the angle between the light-receiving surface of the lower photovoltaic panel (9) and the sunlight is always maintained at 45°, and the upper photovoltaic panel (16) is perpendicular to the lower photovoltaic panel (9). When the solar altitude angle is not less than 45°, the light-receiving surfaces of the upper photovoltaic panel (16) and the lower photovoltaic panel (9) are perpendicular to the sunlight. The system also includes an inner rotation mechanism, which includes a support column a (1), a support frame (3) set on the top of the support column a (1), a rotation device a (4) set on the support frame (3), and a through-hole mechanism. The inner support rod (6) of the rotating device a (4) is provided with multiple sets of inner rotating mechanisms equidistantly arranged in the north-south direction; the lower photovoltaic panel (9) is installed on the inner support rod (6) through the lower mounting mechanism; the support frame (3) includes a flat plate (18) installed on the top of the support column a (1), two U-shaped frames (19) installed on the flat plate (18), and a connecting plate (20) installed between the two U-shaped frames (19); the rotating device a (4) is installed on the connecting plate (20); it also includes an outer rotating mechanism, which includes an outer support sleeve (10) sleeved outside the inner support rod (6), a fixed frame (13) installed at both ends of the outer support sleeve (10), an upper mounting mechanism installed on the fixed frame (13) for installing the upper photovoltaic panel (16), a support column b (2) installed on the ground, and a rotating device b (5) installed on the top of the support column b (2) to drive the outer support sleeve (10) to rotate.

2. The tracking photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Under extreme weather conditions, the lower photovoltaic panel (9) and the upper photovoltaic panel (16) rotate to a horizontal position, and the lower photovoltaic panel (9) and the upper photovoltaic panel (16) are in contact, with their light-receiving surfaces located on the inside.

3. The tracking photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower mounting mechanism includes two mounting rods a (7) set on the inner support rod (6) and a reinforcing plate a (8) set on the inner support rod (6). The end of the reinforcing plate a (8) is connected to the bottom of the mounting rod a (7), and the lower photovoltaic panel (9) is set between the two mounting rods a (7).

4. The tracking photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Connecting brackets (11) are provided at both ends of the outer support sleeve (10), and two adjacent outer support sleeves (10) are connected by connecting brackets (11).

5. The tracking photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mounting mechanism includes a fixing frame (13) set at both ends of the outer support sleeve (10), and a mounting rod b (14) and a reinforcing plate b (15) set on the fixing frame (13). The upper photovoltaic panel (16) is set on the two mounting rods b (14).

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