Method for ecologically preventing and controlling eupatorium odoratum invasion and recovering local vegetation in karst rocky desertification mountainous area

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ecologically preventing and controlling eupatorium odoratum invasion and recovering local vegetation in a karst rocky desertification mountainous area, and belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of alien invasive plants. The method comprises the following steps: planting local plants which are slightly inhibited by allelopathy of the eupatorium odoratum in the early growth stage of eupatorium odoratum seedlings in a region with dominant eupatorium odoratum in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area; during planting, the number of species of the local plants is controlled to be 7, 9 or 10, the planting density of the local plants is 1-3 plants / m < 2 >, and the mixed planting ratio of the local plants to the fragrant eupatorium herb is (0.24-1.4): 1. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, the effects of effectively controlling the growth and spreading of the fragrant eupatorium herb and recovering the local facies can be achieved in a relatively short time at a lower mixed planting ratio.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for preventing and controlling an alien invasive plant, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. invasion and restoring native vegetation in a karst rocky desertification mountainous area. BACKGROUND

[0002] Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob., also known as Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob., is a kind of alien invasive weed with strong vitality, high reproduction rate, difficult to remove and serious harm, which is listed as a first-class invasive plant in China. The plant invades the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, competes and expels native plants, often forms a dominant community, destroys native vegetation, and reduces native plant diversity. Due to the lack of effective control measures, Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. spreads rapidly in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, and the damage to the ecological environment is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, the control of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area is imminent.

[0003] At present, the commonly used methods for preventing and controlling Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. include chemical control, physical control, biological control by natural enemies, and alternative control. Among them, chemical control and physical control have the disadvantages of pesticide residues, environmental pollution, difficulty in operation, short control effect, etc.; biological control by natural enemies not only has the problem of introduced natural enemies adapting to the local environment, but also has the disadvantage that natural enemies may also form an invasion risk. So far, no effective local natural enemy of Chromolaena odorata (L.) R. M. King & H. Rob. has been found in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area. Alternative control is to use the interspecific competition law of plants to suppress the growth of alien plants with the growth advantage of one or more plants, so as to achieve the purpose of preventing and controlling or reducing the harm of the alien plants, and promote the gradual recovery of the natural ecological system. Application of alternative control technology can not only avoid the risks of chemical control and introduction of natural enemies, but also can control the invasive plants for a long time after the successful planting of the alternative plants, maintain water and soil, improve soil, and improve environmental quality, which has the characteristics of ecology, economy and sustainability, and is more and more valued by environmental and plant protection workers in various countries.

[0004] In recent years, there have been relevant reports on the alternative control of the invasive weed Eupatorium odoratum using local species or other species. For example, the patent CN112913615A discloses a method for replacing Eupatorium odoratum with Helianthus tuberosus. Specifically, the method is to plant Helianthus tuberosus cuttings with 1-3 bud eyes between Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. In this method, when the Helianthus tuberosus planted has 1 bud eye, the mixed planting ratio of Helianthus tuberosus and Eupatorium odoratum is 2.94:1 and the planting density of Helianthus tuberosus is 12500 plants per mu, Helianthus tuberosus can form a strong competitive advantage; when the Helianthus tuberosus cuttings planted have 2 bud eyes, the mixed planting ratio of Helianthus tuberosus and Eupatorium odoratum is 1.71:1 and the planting density of Helianthus tuberosus is 7250 plants per mu, Helianthus tuberosus can form a strong competitive advantage; and when the Helianthus tuberosus planted has 3 bud eyes, the mixed planting ratio of Helianthus tuberosus and Eupatorium odoratum is 1.47:1 and the planting density of Helianthus tuberosus is 5250 plants per mu, Helianthus tuberosus can form a strong competitive advantage. The test results show that the control effect of Eupatorium odoratum can reach more than 66% after 6 months, and the control effect can be more than 95% after 24 months. It can be seen that the method described in the invention is not particularly ideal in terms of control effect in a short period of time (6 months). On the other hand, according to the results of the field investigation, the applicant believes that single species replacement is not conducive to the restoration of local vegetation and biodiversity. In addition, it should be noted that Helianthus tuberosus is an alien plant originally from North America, which is listed as an alien invasive plant in the Chinese Alien Invasive Plant Volume 4 (Jin Xiaohua, Lin Qinwen, Zhao Hong, Shanghai Jiaotong University Press, 2020, pp. 374-377) and has a developed root system, strong reproductive capacity (tuber asexual reproduction and seed sexual reproduction), and certain invasion risk. Therefore, using Helianthus tuberosus to replace Eupatorium odoratum is not conducive to the restoration of local vegetation and also has the risk of forming a new invasion. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a method for preventing and controlling the invasion of Eupatorium odoratum and restoring local vegetation in karst rocky desertification mountainous areas. The method can effectively control the growth and spread of Eupatorium odoratum and restore local vegetation in a shorter period of time with a lower mixed planting ratio.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preventing and controlling the invasion of Eupatorium odoratum and restoring local vegetation in karst rocky desertification mountainous areas, wherein local plants with low allelopathic inhibition of Eupatorium odoratum are planted in the areas where Eupatorium odoratum is dominant in the karst rocky desertification mountainous areas before the growth of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. When planting, the number of species of the local plants is controlled to be 7, 9 or 10, and the planting density of each local plant is 1-3 plants per square meter. 2and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 0.24-1.4:1.

[0008] Further, the native plants are selected from Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc., Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff, Vitex negundo L., Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq., Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., Leonurus japonicus Houtt., Urena lobata L., and Setaria viridis (L.) P. Beauv.

[0009] Further, the number of the species of the native plants is controlled to be 7, and the native plants are specifically Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc., Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff, Vitex negundo L., Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq., and Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich.

[0010] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the number of the species of the native plants is controlled to be 7, and the native plants are specifically Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc., Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff, Vitex negundo L., Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq., and Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., and the planting density of each native plant is controlled to be 1 plant / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 0.24:1.

[0011] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the number of the species of the native plants is controlled to be 7, and the native plants are specifically Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc., Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff, Vitex negundo L., Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq., and Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., and the planting density of each native plant is controlled to be 2 plants / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 0.64:1.

[0012] As one of the preferred embodiments of the present application, the number of the species of the native plants is controlled to be 7, and the native plants are specifically Anisomeles indica (L.) Kuntze, Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Neyraudia reynaudiana (Kunth) Keng ex Hitchc., Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff, Vitex negundo L., Caryopteris incana (Thunb.) Miq., and Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich., and the planting density of each native plant is controlled to be 3 plants / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 1.4:1.

[0013] Further, the early stage of the Eupatorium odoratum seedling growth refers to before the Eupatorium odoratum seed germination. According to the common knowledge of those skilled in the art and the field investigation of the applicant, in the karst mountainous area, the Eupatorium odoratum seedling seed usually germinates in late March every year, and therefore, the early stage of the Eupatorium odoratum seedling growth in the present application refers to before late March every year, usually in early to middle March.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application firstly determines the number of the best native species capable of inhibiting the Eupatorium odoratum dominance in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area community through field investigation, then screens the native plants less affected by the allelopathy of the Eupatorium odoratum in the area, establishes the native plant functional group with different biological and ecological characteristics, and finally realizes the effective control of the Eupatorium odoratum and the restoration of the native vegetation by combining with a specific planting mode. The specific experimental data is shown as follows:

[0015] When the number of the native plant species is 7, including the Saposhnikovia divaricata, Senna sophera, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscpa, Vitex negundo, Lysimachia clethroides and Boehmeria nivea, the planting density of each native plant is 1 plant / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to the Eupatorium odoratum is 0.24:1, the biomass and the dominance of the Eupatorium odoratum decrease by 76.5% and 83.6% respectively after 6 months of the test;

[0016] When the number of the native plant species is 7, including the Saposhnikovia divaricata, Senna sophera, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscpa, Vitex negundo, Lysimachia clethroides and Boehmeria nivea, the planting density of each native plant is 2 plants / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to the Eupatorium odoratum is 0.64:1, the biomass and the dominance of the Eupatorium odoratum decrease by 84.9% and 92.9% respectively after 6 months of the test;

[0017] When the number of the native plant species is 7, including the Saposhnikovia divaricata, Senna sophera, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscpa, Vitex negundo, Lysimachia clethroides and Boehmeria nivea, the planting density of each native plant is 3 plants / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to the Eupatorium odoratum is 1.4:1, the biomass and the dominance of the Eupatorium odoratum decrease by 86.1% and 96.7% respectively after 6 months of the test. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to better explain the technical scheme of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with examples, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0019] Example 1: The relationship between the dominance of the Eupatorium odoratum and the species diversity is determined through field investigation, and the number of the best native species capable of inhibiting the Eupatorium odoratum dominance in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area community is further determined.

[0020] In the karst rocky desertification mountain area, the different communities invaded by Eupatorium odoratum were investigated in the field (2 m x 2 m quadrats were set in each community), the height, coverage and density of various plants in the quadrat were recorded, the importance value of E. odoratum in the community was calculated by calculating the relative height, relative coverage and relative density of E. odoratum in the community (the importance value represents the dominance and position of E. odoratum in the community), the correlation between the importance value of E. odoratum and species diversity was analyzed, and the optimal number of local plant species that can inhibit the growth of E. odoratum in the community was determined. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0021] Relative height of E. odoratum = height of E. odoratum / height sum of all species in the quadrat

[0022] Relative coverage of E. odoratum = coverage of E. odoratum / coverage sum of all species in the quadrat

[0023] Relative density of E. odoratum = number of E. odoratum / number sum of all species in the quadrat

[0024] Importance value of E. odoratum (%) = (relative height + relative coverage + relative density) / 3

[0025] Table 1 Number of local species and dominance of E. odoratum (importance value)

[0026] Native species number Importance value of Eupatorium odoratum (%) Number of survey groups Proportion of total community 1~3 species 56 15 9 4 species 42 27 17 5 species 33 23 15 6 species 34 21 13 7 species 28 22 14 8 species 31 23 15 9 species 28 17 11 10 species 28 10 6 Total: 158 100

[0027] The results show that in the karst rocky desertification mountain area, with the increase of the number of local species, the importance value of E. odoratum decreases. When the number of local species in the community is less than 3, the average importance value of E. odoratum is the largest, indicating that its competitive advantage in the community is the largest. When the number of local species is 7, 9 and 10, the importance value of E. odoratum is the lowest, indicating that its competitive advantage in the community is the smallest. Considering comprehensively, in the karst rocky desertification mountain area, the community with 7 local species is the best choice, which can make the dominance of E. odoratum the lowest, and also save costs compared with 9 and 10 local species.

[0028] Example 2: Screening of local plant species with less allelopathic inhibition by E. odoratum in rocky desertification mountain area.

[0029] Previous studies have shown that E. odoratum can secrete allelochemicals to inhibit the germination and growth of adjacent plants, thereby successfully invading. However, there are also some local plants that are less inhibited by E. odoratum. When controlling E. odoratum, local plants that are less inhibited by E. odoratum can be selected as target plants for planting.

[0030] The bioassay test method is used to test whether Eupatorium odoratum has a strong allelopathic inhibition effect on local plants in karst rocky desertification mountainous areas, so as to screen local plants less affected by the allelopathic inhibition of Eupatorium odoratum. Specifically as follows: the leaves of Eupatorium odoratum are collected in the field, dried in the room, ground into powder, and prepared into 0.25 w / v %, 0.75 w / v %, 1.75 w / v % and 2.5 w / v % concentration solutions with pure water, and pure water as the control. The germination rate of the local plant functional group under each concentration treatment is tested, and the relative germination rate (relative germination rate = germination rate of extract treatment / germination rate of control x 100%) is calculated to determine the size of the allelopathic inhibition effect. The higher the relative germination rate value, the smaller the allelopathic inhibition effect of Eupatorium odoratum on the local plant functional group. The results are shown in Table 2 as follows.

[0031] Table 2 Relative germination rate (%) of local plants treated with Eupatorium odoratum leaf extract at different concentrations

[0032] No. Native plant 0.25% 0.75% 1.75% 2.5% Average 1 Pteridium revolutum 116.8 101.6 81.3 87.6 96.8 2 Senna sophera 95.78 96.1 96.4 95.9 96.0 3 Phragmites australis 98.2 87.7 86.9 89.2 90.1 4 Gazania longiscapa 117.8 114.0 105.3 107.1 111.1 5 Vitex negundo 88.2 83.1 71.3 51.7 73.6 6 Lysimachia clethroides 96.8 78.7 53.1 50.3 69.7 7 Boehmeria nivea 93.0 83.6 75.7 73.6 81.5 8 Leonurus japonicus 84.5 49.1 44.3 48.8 56.7 9 Clerodendrum trichotomum 62.4 56.1 45.5 25.9 47.5 10 Setaria viridis 85.6 68.3 56.4 33.2 60.9

[0033] The results show that: Overall, the allelopathic inhibition effect of Eupatorium odoratum leaf extract at different concentrations on the germination of local plants such as Saposhnikovia divaricata, Cassia tora, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscpa, Vitex negundo, Lysimachia clethroides and Boehmeria nivea is smaller.

[0034] Further tests were conducted on the seedlings of the above-mentioned 7 selected plants, and the relative biomass (relative biomass = biomass of extract treatment / biomass of control x 100%) was calculated to further determine the effect of allelopathic inhibition. The results are shown in Table 3 as follows.

[0035] Table 3 Relative biomass (%) of local plant seedlings treated with Eupatorium odoratum leaf extract at different concentrations

[0036] No. Native plant 0.25% 0.75% 1.75% 2.5% Average 1 Pteridium revolutum 86.0 83.6 67.3 102.3 84.8 2 Senna sophera 88.3 92.0 80.3 75.3 84.0 3 Phragmites australis 92.7 128.6 88.0 126.7 109.0 4 Gazania longiscapa 78.4 71.0 89.4 89.4 82.5 5 Vitex negundo 73.5 60 62.2 91.3 71.8 6 Boehmeria nivea 91.3 60.9 153.4 77.0 95.7 7 Lysimachia clethroides 88.9 75.0 72.2 55.6 72.9

[0037] Further seedling growth tests also show that the inhibitory effect of Eupatorium odoratum on the growth of seedlings of these 7 plants is also smaller (Table 3). Therefore, the above-mentioned 7 local plants are selected as target plant species for ecological prevention and control of Eupatorium odoratum.

[0038] Example 3: By comparing the biomass and dominance of Eupatorium odoratum and local plant functional groups under different planting time sequences and planting densities of Eupatorium odoratum and local plant functional groups through specific examples, the prevention and control effect on Eupatorium odoratum is determined.

[0039] Seeds of the 7 native plants screened in Example 2 above were collected and seedlings were cultivated. Then, 36 plants (including Eupatorium odoratum and the 7 native plants) were planted per square meter in total, with 1, 2 or 3 plants of each of the native plants and the rest being Eupatorium odoratum, and the selection was made in 3 time periods, namely, late growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings (T1), growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings (T2), and early growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings (T3). The early growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings refers to early March of the test year, the growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings refers to late April to early May of the test year, and the late growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings refers to late May of the test year. A total of 9 planting tests of Examples 1-9 below were carried out.

[0040] Example 1:

[0041] Native plant functional group (Eupatorium odoratum, Cassia fistula, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscapa, Boehmeria nivea, Vitex negundo, and Lysimachia clethroides) + 1 plant / m 2 + planted in the late growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum was 0.24:1.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] Native plant functional group (Eupatorium odoratum, Cassia fistula, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscapa, Boehmeria nivea, Vitex negundo, and Lysimachia clethroides) + 1 plant / m 2 + planted in the growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum was 0.24:1.

[0044] Example 3:

[0045] Native plant functional group (Eupatorium odoratum, Cassia fistula, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscapa, Boehmeria nivea, Vitex negundo, and Lysimachia clethroides) + 1 plant / m 2 + planted in the early growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum was 0.24:1.

[0046] Example 4:

[0047] Native plant functional group (Eupatorium odoratum, Cassia fistula, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscapa, Boehmeria nivea, Vitex negundo, and Lysimachia clethroides) + 2 plants / m 2 + planted in the late growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum was 0.64:1.

[0048] Example 5:

[0049] Native plant functional group (Eupatorium odoratum, Cassia fistula, Phragmites australis, Gazania longiscapa, Boehmeria nivea, Vitex negundo, and Lysimachia clethroides) + 2 plants / m 2 + planted in the growth period of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum was 0.64:1.

[0050] Example 6:

[0051] Native plant functional group (G. aequale, S. japonica, P. australis, G. aequale, G. aequale, V. sinicus, V. sinicus) + 2 plants each / m 2 + Planted before the growth of E. crus-galli seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of native plants to E. crus-galli was 0.64:1.

[0052] Example 7:

[0053] Native plant functional group (G. aequale, S. japonica, P. australis, G. aequale, G. aequale, V. sinicus, V. sinicus) + 3 plants each / m 2 + Planted after the growth of E. crus-galli seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of native plants to E. crus-galli was 1.4:1.

[0054] Example 8:

[0055] Native plant functional group (G. aequale, S. japonica, P. australis, G. aequale, G. aequale, V. sinicus, V. sinicus) + 3 plants each / m 2 + Planted during the growth of E. crus-galli seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of native plants to E. crus-galli was 1.4:1.

[0056] Example 9:

[0057] Native plant functional group (G. aequale, S. japonica, P. australis, G. aequale, G. aequale, V. sinicus, V. sinicus) + 3 plants each / m 2 + Planted before the growth of E. crus-galli seedlings. In this example, the mixed planting ratio of native plants to E. crus-galli was 1.4:1.

[0058] At the vigorous growth stage of E. crus-galli (late September of the same year as the test), the biomass of E. crus-galli and the native plant functional group in each example was determined, and the dominance of E. crus-galli and the native plant functional group was calculated according to the following formulas (1) and (2), respectively.

[0059] Dominance of E. crus-galli = Biomass of E. crus-galli / Total biomass of all plants in the community x 100% (1)

[0060] Dominance of native plant functional group = Biomass of native plant functional group / Total biomass of all plants in the community x 100% (2)

[0061] Taking Example 1 as the control, the percentage decrease in biomass and dominance of E. crus-galli was calculated according to formulas (3) and (4), respectively, and the percentage increase in biomass and dominance of the native plant functional group was calculated according to formulas (5) and (6), respectively.

[0062] Percentage decrease in biomass of E. crus-galli = (Biomass of E. crus-galli in Example 1 - Biomass of E. crus-galli in a certain example) / Biomass of E. crus-galli in Example 1 x 100% (3)

[0063] Percentage of decline in the dominance of Eupatorium odoratum = (dominance of Eupatorium odoratum in Example 1 - dominance of Eupatorium odoratum in a certain example) / dominance of Eupatorium odoratum in Example 1 x 100% (4)

[0064] Percentage of increase in the biomass of native plant functional group = (biomass of native plant functional group in a certain example - biomass of native plant functional group in Example 1) / biomass of native plant functional group in Example 1 x 100% (5)

[0065] Percentage of increase in the dominance of native plant functional group = (dominance of native plant functional group in a certain example - dominance of native plant functional group in Example 1) / dominance of native plant functional group in Example 1 x 100% (6)

[0066] The biomass of a plant represents the growth status and competitive ability of the plant, and a plant with large biomass grows well and has strong competitive ability. The dominance represents the status and role of a plant in a community, and a plant with high dominance plays a dominant role in the community, indicating that the plant has strong competitive advantage.

[0067] By comparing the biomass and dominance of Eupatorium odoratum in the examples and their changes, the most obvious pattern for controlling Eupatorium odoratum is obtained, i.e., the lower the biomass and dominance of Eupatorium odoratum and the higher the percentage of decline in biomass and dominance, the greater the inhibition of the growth of Eupatorium odoratum by the native plant community and the better the control effect. The results are shown in Table 4.

[0068] By comparing the biomass and dominance of the native plant functional group and their changes, the most successful pattern for restoring the native plant is obtained, i.e., the greater the biomass and dominance of the native plant functional group and the higher the percentage of increase in biomass and dominance, the more successful the restoration. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0069] Table 4 Biomass and dominance of Eupatorium odoratum in each example

[0070] Example Density of native plant functional group Planting time of native plant functional group Biomass per plant (g) Dominance (%) Biomass decrease (%) Dominance decrease (%) Example 1 1 strain / m 2 ]] T1 16.6±2.0 81.3±2.7 0.0 0.0 Example 2 1 strain / m 2 ]] T2 15.8±2.9 58.2±7.7 4.8 28.4 Example 3 1 strain / m 2 ]] T3 3.9±0.4 13.3±1.2c 76.5 83.6 Example 4 2 strains / m 2 ]] T1 25.0±2.3 77.7±4.8 -50.6 4.4 Example 5 2 strains / m 2 ]] T2 13.5±2.4 25.4±3.5 18.7 68.8 Example 6 2 strains / m 2 ]] T3 2.5±0.2 5.8±0.7c 84.9 92.9 Example 7 3 strains / m 2 ]]> T1 20.8±1.8 49.1±6.6 -25.3 39.6 Example 8 3 strains / m 2 ]] T2 18.6±1.9 23.8±1.8 -12.0 70.7 Example 9 3 strains / m 2 ]] T3 2.3±0.7 2.7±0.5 86.1 96.7

[0071] The results of Table 4 show that the biomass and dominance of Eupatorium odoratum are the lowest in Example 9, which are 2.3 g and 2.7%, respectively; compared with Example 1, the percentage of decrease in biomass and dominance of Eupatorium odoratum in Example 9 (the mixed ratio of native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 1.4:1) for 6 months is 86.1% and 96.7%, respectively, indicating that the technical solution of Example 9 can greatly inhibit the growth and competitive advantage of Eupatorium odoratum. In addition, the technical solutions described in Example 3 and Example 6 can also significantly inhibit the growth and competitive advantage of Eupatorium odoratum at a lower mixed ratio (the mixed ratio of native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 0.24:1 and 0.64:1, respectively), in which the decrease in biomass and dominance in Example 3 for 6 months is 76.5% and 83.6%, respectively, and the decrease in biomass and dominance in Example 6 is 84.9% and 92.9%, respectively.

[0072] Table 5 Biomass and dominance of native plant functional groups in each example

[0073] Example Density of native plant functional group Planting time of native plant functional group Biomass (g / m 2 )]]> Dominance (%) Biomass increase (%) Dominance increase (%) Example 1 1 strain / m 2 ]]> T1 126.1±47.5 18.7±5.7 0.0 0.0 Example 2 1 strain / m 2 ]] T2 315.1±53.8 41.8±7.7 149.9 123.5 Example 3 1 strain / m 2 ]] T3 778.0±138.0 86.7±1.2 517.0 363.6 Example 4 2 strains / m 2 ]]> T1 154.5±32.4 22.3±4.8 22.5 19.3 Example 5 2 strains / m 2 ]] T2 901.7±162.9 74.6±3.5 615.1 298.9 Example 6 2 strains / m 2 ]] T3 950.7±137.6 94.2±0.7 653.9 403.7 Example 7 3 strains / m 2 ]] T1 367.8±97.2 50.9±6.6 191.7 172.2 Example 8 3 strains / m 2 ]] T2 885.9±48.2 76.2±1.8 602.5 307.5 Example 9 3 strains / m 2 ]] T3 1157.6±100.4 97.3±0.5 818.0 420.3

[0074] The results of Table 5 show that the biomass and dominance of native plant functional groups are the largest in Example 9, which are 1157.6 g and 97.3%, respectively; compared with Example 1, the percentage of increase in biomass and dominance of native plant functional groups in Example 9 (the mixed ratio of native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 1.4:1) for 6 months is 818.0% and 420.3%, respectively. It indicates that the technical solution of Example 9 can greatly improve the growth and competitive advantage of native plant functional groups. In addition, the technical solutions described in Example 3 and Example 6 can also significantly improve the growth and competitive advantage of native plant functional groups at a lower mixed ratio (the mixed ratio of native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 0.24:1 and 0.64:1, respectively), in which the percentage of increase in biomass and dominance in Example 3 for 6 months is 517.0% and 363.6%, respectively, and the percentage of increase in biomass and dominance in Example 6 is 653.9% and 403.7%, respectively.

[0075] In summary, Table 4 and Table 5 show that the mode of Example 9 (i.e., planting native plant functional groups + each 3 plants / m2 of Eupatorium odoratum + the mixed ratio of native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 1.4:1 before the growth of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings) can most effectively control the vicious invasive plant Eupatorium odoratum in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, and can well restore the native vegetation and diversity. Example 3 and Example 6 can also better control the vicious invasive plant Eupatorium odoratum in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, and can well restore the native vegetation and diversity. 2 +In the early stage of Eupatorium odoratum seedling growth, the mixed ratio of native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 1.4:1) can most effectively control the vicious invasive plant Eupatorium odoratum in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, and can well restore the native vegetation and diversity. Example 3 and Example 6 can also better control the vicious invasive plant Eupatorium odoratum in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, and can well restore the native vegetation and diversity.

Claims

1. A method for preventing and controlling the invasion of Eupatorium odoratum by ecological means in karst rocky desertification mountainous areas and restoring native vegetation, characterized in that In the area where Eupatorium odoratum occupies the dominant position in the karst rocky desertification mountainous area, native plants with small allelopathic inhibition to Eupatorium odoratum are planted in the early growth stage of Eupatorium odoratum seedlings; when the native plants are planted, the number of species of the native plants is controlled to be 7, 9 or 10, the planting density of each native plant is 1-3 plants per square meter, and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants to Eupatorium odoratum is 0.24-1.4:

1. 2 ​ 2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The native plants are selected from the group consisting of broadleaf eupatorium, cassia tora, reed canary grass, gazania longiscpa, vitex negundo, lavender, ramie, motherwort, Chinese weigela and foxtail.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein, The number of the native plant species is controlled to be 7.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The native plants are specifically broadleaf eupatorium, cassia tora, reed canary grass, gazania longiscpa, vitex negundo, lavender and ramie.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The planting density of each native plant is controlled to be 1 plant / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants and Eupatorium odoratum is controlled to be 0.24:

1.

6. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The planting density of each native plant is controlled to be 2 plants / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants and Eupatorium odoratum is controlled to be 0.64:

1.

7. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The planting density of each native plant is controlled to be 3 plants / m 2 , and the mixed planting ratio of the native plants and the Eupatorium odoratum is controlled to be 1.4:

1.

8. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The early growth stage of the E. arvense seedlings refers to before the E. arvense seeds germinate.