Cable trench combined fire detector, laying method and control method

Abstract

The invention provides a cable trench combined fire detector, a laying method and a control method. The cable trench combined fire detector comprises a plurality of acquisition parts arranged at intervals and semiconductor temperature sensors; the acquisition part comprises an infrared temperature sensor array, a microprocessor, a longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit and a longitudinal signal answering circuit which are integrated into a whole; the input end of the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit is connected with the bus, the output end of the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit is connected with the microprocessor, the microprocessor is connected with the bus through a bus signal answer, and the infrared temperature sensor array is in communication connection with the microprocessor; an address is stored in the microprocessor; the microprocessors of two adjacent acquisition parts are also connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid on the uppermost cable; and the microprocessor and the semiconductor temperature sensor are respectively in communication connection with the bus. The acquisition parts are arranged at intervals to monitor cables on the opposite side, a long and narrow cable trench can be divided into n sections, each section corresponds to one microprocessor, that is, each section of cable trench obtains a specific address through the microprocessor, and the semiconductor temperature sensors are combined, so that the accuracy of data can be mutually verified, and the false alarm rate is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable trench fire fighting, in particular to a cable trench combined fire detector, laying method and control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, linear temperature fire detectors are used for protecting cable trenches, and the state information of the linear temperature fire detectors is uploaded to a fire alarm controller, which can only provide state information of whether the temperature of the whole cable exceeds the limit. Fire point positioning and real-time data information feedback cannot be realized, and the fire extinguishing device in the cable trench cannot be accurately linked.

[0003] The detection result is not accurate enough, the scale of the fire cannot be identified, the development trend of the fire cannot be analyzed, and better auxiliary decision-making cannot be provided for the fire fighting system and emergency command. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is how to accurately locate the fire point position of the cable trench.

[0005] The present application solves the above technical problems by the following technical means: The cable trench combined fire detector comprises a plurality of collecting parts arranged at intervals and a semiconductor temperature sensor; the collecting part comprises an integrated infrared temperature sensor array, a microprocessor, a longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit, and a longitudinal signal answering circuit; the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit input end is connected with the bus, and the output end is connected with the microprocessor; the microprocessor is connected with the bus through the bus signal answering; the infrared temperature sensor array is in communication connection with the microprocessor; the microprocessor stores an address; the microprocessors of the adjacent two collecting parts are further connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid on the uppermost layer of cables; the microprocessor and the semiconductor temperature sensor are respectively in communication connection with the bus.

[0006] Further, the infrared probes of the infrared temperature sensors in the infrared temperature sensor array are directed in different directions.

[0007] Further, the infrared temperature sensor array is a 2*2 array, and the four infrared temperature sensors are respectively directed in four directions.

[0008] Further, the welding surface of the base of the infrared temperature sensor is an inclined surface.

[0009] Further, the infrared temperature sensor is electrically welded on one side of the circuit board through the welding surface, and the microprocessor is electrically welded on the same side or the back of the circuit board.

[0010] The application also provides a cable trench combined fire detector laying method applied to the combined fire detector; characterized in that, for the double-bridge cable trench, a plurality of collecting parts are fixed at intervals on the two side walls of the cable trench, the fixed points are higher than the uppermost layer of cables, the semiconductor temperature sensor is arranged in an S shape on the upper layer of cables, the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting parts are respectively connected with the bus in communication, the microprocessors of the two adjacent collecting parts are connected through the signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is connected with the bus in communication; and the bus is linearly laid along the side wall of the cable trench.

[0011] The application also provides a cable trench combined fire detector laying method applied to the combined fire detector; characterized in that, for the single-bridge cable trench, a plurality of collecting parts are fixed at intervals on the side without the bridge, and the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid in an S shape on the uppermost layer of power cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting parts are respectively connected with the bus in communication, the microprocessors of the two adjacent collecting parts are connected through the signal line; and the semiconductor temperature sensor is connected with the bus in communication.

[0012] For the double-bridge cable trench of the combined fire detector, the detection visual field angle of the infrared temperature sensor array of each collecting part covers the cable bridge between the two adjacent collecting parts.

[0013] For the single-bridge cable trench of the combined fire detector, the transverse monitoring visual field angles of the two adjacent collecting parts intersect.

[0014] The application also provides a cable trench composite fire control method using the combined fire detector, characterized in that, comprising: powering on and initializing the system; the combined fire detector collects the temperature information of the cable trench in real time and uploads the information; the main control room receives the temperature information, when the highest temperature of the collecting part uploaded by the combined fire detector exceeds the first preset value, it is considered that there is an abnormal situation in the cable trench and there is a potential risk of fire, the system issues a warning prompt; when the temperature detected by the collecting part exceeds the second preset value or the temperature rise rate is greater than 10℃ / min, the combined fire detector uploads the alarm state information, the system considers that a fire alarm occurs and issues a fire alarm; the first preset value is less than the second preset value; fire extinguisher linkage judgment: for the double-bridge cable trench, one combined fire detector is arranged on each side of the cable trench, when the two combined fire detectors on the two sides of the cable trench both issue a fire alarm, the system starts to extinguish the fire; for the single-bridge cable trench, one combined fire detector is arranged, when more than three collecting parts of the combined fire detector issue a fire alarm, the system starts to extinguish the fire; Fire spreading tendency judgment: when two or more adjacent collecting units of the combined fire detector issue a fire alarm, it is determined that the fire has started to spread. The present application has the advantages that: The collecting units are arranged at intervals in the present application, and the long cable trench is divided into n sections, each section corresponding to a microprocessor, that is, each section of the cable trench obtains a specific address through the microprocessor, and the background obtains the detection data of the collecting units and the semiconductor temperature sensor. When a fire occurs, the collecting units and the semiconductor temperature sensor can be used as mutual verification, which can reduce the false alarm rate and obtain the specific position of the fire point, so that the corresponding fire extinguisher can be controlled to start fire extinguishing. In addition, the collecting units are connected through signal lines and send heartbeat signals to each other, so that self-checking of the collecting units can be realized, and the background can obtain the position of the fault collecting unit and replace it in time.

[0015] Specifically, when it is a double-sided bridge cable trench, the interval arrangement of the collecting units can segment and position the cable trench, which is convenient for positioning the fire point.

[0016] The product of the present application has a clever concept and is suitable for long and narrow underground trenches, tunnels and roadways, and has a broad application prospect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structure principle diagram of the combined fire detector in the embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 2 It is a signal transmission principle diagram of the combined fire detector in the embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 3 It is a structure principle diagram of the control part in the embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 4 It is an array type of the infrared temperature sensor in the embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 5 It is a top view of the combined fire detector arranged on both sides of the bridge in the embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 6 、 Figure 7 It is a side view of the combined fire detector arranged on both sides of the bridge in the embodiment 1 of the present application, wherein Figure 6 It is a case of a narrower bridge, Figure 7 It is a case of a wider bridge.

[0018] Figure 8 It is a calculation principle diagram of the interval between two adjacent collecting units in the embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 9 It is a whole structure schematic diagram of the fire extinguisher in the embodiment 2 of the present application; Figure 10 It is a sectional view of the pressure-resistant container of the fire extinguisher in the embodiment 2 of the present application; Figure 11 It is a sectional view of the ignition mechanism of the fire extinguisher in the embodiment 2 of the present application; Figure 12 Control principle diagram in embodiment 3 of the present application; Figures 13-16 Respectively four cases listed in embodiment 3 of the present application, respectively normal state, power cable overheating state, initial fire state, fire spreading state; the signal lines between adjacent two collection parts are omitted in the diagram, so as to clearly show the state of the collection part and the semiconductor temperature sensor in fire; Figure 17 Collection part self-fault information display schematic diagram in embodiment 1 of the present application, the semiconductor temperature sensor is omitted in the diagram; Figure 18 Connection line fault information display schematic diagram between collection parts in embodiment 1 of the present application, the semiconductor temperature sensor is omitted in the diagram; Figure 19 Working flow chart of the combined fire detector in embodiment 1 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0020] Embodiment 1 This embodiment introduces a combined fire detector for cable trench, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The combined fire detector includes a plurality of collection parts 20, each collection part 20 includes a collection box, and an infrared temperature sensor array, a microprocessor, a longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit, a longitudinal signal answering circuit are integrated in the collection box; the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit input end is connected with the bus, and the output end is connected with the microprocessor, the microprocessor is further connected with the bus through the bus signal answering, thereby forming a communication relationship with the bus; the infrared temperature sensor array is in communication connection with the microprocessor, and sends a temperature sensing signal to the microprocessor. In addition, the microprocessors between adjacent two collection parts 20 are also in communication connection through signal lines, for sending heartbeat signals to each other, and supervising each other whether the other party appears a fault, and a linear semiconductor temperature sensor 21 is used for laying on the uppermost layer of power cable, and is in S-shaped trend, and can comprehensively cover the to-be-detected range of the power cable. The semiconductor temperature sensor 21 is in communication connection with the bus. Each microprocessor in this embodiment stores an address. As shown in Figure 3As shown, multiple acquisition units 20 collect on-site temperature information through an infrared temperature sensor array. After the microprocessor acquires the temperature information, it uploads it to the control unit via a bus. The control unit analyzes and processes the uploaded information to determine whether a fire has occurred on-site, and displays the on-site status on an LCD screen based on the specific location of the fire point obtained by the microprocessor. A semiconductor temperature sensor 21 simultaneously acquires the temperature of the entire cable trench and uploads it to the control unit via a bus. In this embodiment, the acquisition units 20 and the semiconductor temperature sensor 21 are combined... In this embodiment, the semiconductor temperature sensor 21 uses thermocouples, thermistors, platinum resistance thermometers, etc., and works in conjunction with the acquisition unit 20 to achieve continuous temperature monitoring. The infrared temperature sensor is an array sensor, which can be a 2*2 array, a 4*4 array, an 8*8 array, etc. An array sensor consists of multiple sensor elements and can simultaneously capture infrared radiation information from different points in two-dimensional space, providing temperature information for a surface. It can detect minute changes in surface temperature and abnormal hot spots, and has a large monitoring field of view, giving it the advantage of a wider monitoring range. Therefore, it can achieve accurate measurement and positioning, fire spread trend identification, and real-time remote non-contact monitoring of cable trench temperature and fire status.

[0021] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the infrared temperature sensor array can be arranged in two horizontally arranged infrared temperature sensors, forming a V-shape, which doubles the horizontal field of view. Alternatively, four infrared temperature sensors can be arranged horizontally, symmetrically tilted to both sides, doubling the horizontal field of view. Another option is to arrange the four infrared temperature sensors in a 2x2 configuration, tilting them in four different directions, doubling both the horizontal and vertical field of view. Before radiating the entire cable trench, the installation points need to be determined. Based on these points, the array configuration and individual tilt angles of the infrared temperature sensors are calculated. Then, the infrared temperature sensors are customized so that their bottom plastic bases have a suitable tilt angle, resulting in a specific tilt angle when soldered onto the circuit board. A microprocessor is soldered to the other side of the circuit board, thus establishing a communication connection between the infrared temperature sensors and the microprocessor.

[0022] In this embodiment, the acquisition unit 20 is actually a small box, approximately a cuboid with dimensions of (68*28*20) mm (the size of the acquisition box varies depending on the number of integrated infrared temperature sensors). The acquisition box is made of high-temperature resistant materials, such as ceramics or polymer materials. The microprocessor is a Microchip Technology PIC16F1823, and the infrared temperature sensor is a Perk A2TPMI334-L5.5. Figure 6As shown, if the cable tray is relatively narrow, and there is sufficient height above the cable tray to install the collection unit 20, the collection unit 20 can be directly bolted to the cable trench side wall, and sufficient height can avoid the cables below from blocking the detection range. As shown, Figure 7 As shown, if the cable tray is relatively wide, or there is insufficient height above the cable tray, the collection unit 20 needs to be installed in cooperation with a support. The support can be a high-temperature-resistant metal support. One end of the support is fixed to the cable trench side wall by a screw, and the other end extends to the other side wall of the cable trench. The collection unit 20 is fixed to the end of the support. The length of the support can be selected as needed, as long as the collection field angle of the collection unit 20 can cover the lateral range between the adjacent two collection units 20 on the opposite side and the multiple layers of the cable tray in the vertical direction.

[0023] For a double-sided cable trench, due to the length and narrowness of the cable trench, and multiple layers of cable trays are erected on both sides of the cable trench, and multiple cables are laid on each layer of the cable tray. In the layout and laying of the combined fire detector of the present embodiment, the two side walls of the cable trench are used as the fixed basis, the fixed point should be higher than the uppermost layer of cable, the collection unit 20 is fixed on the cable trench side wall at intervals, and the semiconductor temperature sensor is placed S-shaped on the upper layer of cable. The microprocessor of each collection unit 20 and the semiconductor temperature sensor are connected to the bus, thereby forming a combined fire detector of an infrared temperature sensor array and a semiconductor temperature sensor 21. The bus can be laid linearly along the cable trench side wall.

[0024] In the present embodiment, in the double-sided cable trench, as shown, Figure 5 The collection units 20 are laid on the two side walls of the cable trench in a cross manner, and monitor and protect the cables on the opposite side. Specifically, the monitoring range of the infrared temperature sensor array of one collection unit 20 can cover the cables between the adjacent two collection units 20 on the opposite side. According to the distance between the adjacent two collection units 20, different arrays of infrared temperature sensors can be selected. The fixed angle of each infrared temperature sensor in the array is adjusted, so that the overall detection field angle of the multiple infrared temperature sensors can meet the monitoring of the cables on the opposite side in the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0025] For a single-sided cable trench, only the combined fire detector described above needs to be fixed on the side without the cable tray, and the semiconductor temperature sensor 21 is laid S-shaped on the uppermost layer of power cable on the side with the cable tray. Although the semiconductor temperature sensor 21 has no positioning function, the alarm signal thereof can be combined with the signal of the infrared temperature sensor to reduce the false judgment rate.

[0026] In the present embodiment, the collection units are arranged according to the full coverage principle. As shown, Figure 8 The calculation method of the collection unit spacing d is as follows: d=

[0027] Wherein w is the field of view angle of the collection part, which can be set and adjusted according to the actual working condition of the cable trench, and the value of w can be selected from 30 to 150.

[0028] When w = 45 degrees, assuming that the distance between the collection part and the opposite power cable is h = 1.2 m, it is obtained that d = 0.70 m.

[0029] When w = 90 degrees, assuming that the distance between the collection part and the opposite power cable is h = 1 m, it is obtained that d = 1.41 m.

[0030] When w = 120 degrees, assuming that the distance between the collection part and the opposite power cable is h = 0.8 m, it is obtained that d = 1.38 m.

[0031] The cable trench combined fire detector in the embodiment is composed of a control part, a bus, and a plurality of collection parts. The plurality of collection parts collect on-site temperature information through an infrared temperature sensor array, and upload the information to the control part through the bus. The control part analyzes and processes the uploaded information, judges whether a fire occurs on site, and displays the state of the site on an LCD liquid crystal display unit.

[0032] The control part is composed of a power supply conversion unit, a core board unit, an LCD liquid crystal display unit, a bus answering unit, a bus control unit, and a bus driving unit.

[0033] The bus is a multi-core shielded twisted pair line.

[0034] The collection part is composed of a microprocessor unit, a bus, a power signal conversion unit, a bus signal answering unit, and an array infrared temperature sensor. The array infrared temperature sensor is composed of a plurality of infrared sensor elements, which can simultaneously capture infrared radiation information of different points in a two-dimensional space, provide temperature information of a surface, and detect small changes and abnormal hot spots in surface temperature. The array infrared temperature sensor has a large monitoring angle and a wide monitoring range, and therefore can realize accurate measurement and positioning, fire spread trend identification, and real-time remote non-contact monitoring of the temperature and fire state of the cable trench.

[0035] The cable trench combined fire detector can upload temperature signals, flame alarm signals, fault signals, and address information to a monitoring platform. The monitoring platform sends a fire control linkage control signal to start a fire extinguishing system to implement rapid fire extinguishing. The fire detector has the characteristics of accurate trend detection, fast response, high sensitivity, and accurate positioning of fault and fire source positions, and can effectively solve the problems of early fire detection and warning and rapid fire extinguishing in a cable trench.

[0036] The acquisition part acquires temperature information of the array infrared temperature sensor in real time, realizes multiple identification of temperature and flame, and implements early warning. The acquisition part itself has address information. When an abnormal event such as fire alarm or fault occurs, the combined fire detector uploads the temperature signal, flame alarm signal, fault signal and address information of the acquisition part to the monitoring platform. The monitoring platform displays the event address, event state and event scale in a graphical manner, prompting relevant personnel to handle, so that daily maintenance is intuitive, fast, saves manpower and resources, and after a fire occurs, early fire detection and warning and rapid fire extinguishing in the cable trench can be effectively solved.

[0037] The combined fire detector mainly has two faults, self-fault of the acquisition part and connection line fault between the acquisition parts.

[0038] 1. Self-fault of the acquisition part When a fault occurs in the self-circuit or sensor of the acquisition part, the microprocessor uploads the fault position and type to the control part, and the monitoring platform displays the fault position with yellow information, as shown in Figure 17 . The operation and maintenance personnel find the corresponding fault position according to the position information, replace the fault part with a non-fault part, and do a good job in protection treatment of the connection position. Therefore, the fault can be quickly located without the need for overall replacement, which is convenient for handling and saves manpower and resource costs.

[0039] 2. Connection line fault between the acquisition parts

[0040] When a fault occurs in the connection line between the acquisition parts (the adjacent microprocessor's heartbeat signal cannot be received), the fault position and type are uploaded to the control part, and the monitoring platform displays the fault position with red information, as shown in Figure 18 . The operation and maintenance personnel find the corresponding fault position according to the position information, check the connection line, replace the fault connection line with a non-fault connection line, and do a good job in protection treatment of the connection position. Therefore, the fault can be quickly located without the need for overall replacement, which is convenient for handling and saves manpower and resource costs.

[0041] As shown in Figure 19 , the working process and fault positioning principle of the combined fire detector are as follows: the control part acquires temperature information of the continuous temperature sensor in real time, the acquisition part acquires temperature information of the array infrared temperature sensor in real time, realizes multiple identification of temperature and flame, and implements early warning. The acquisition part itself has address information. When an abnormal event such as fire alarm or fault occurs, the combined fire detector uploads the temperature signal, flame alarm signal, fault signal and address information of the acquisition part to the monitoring platform. The monitoring platform displays the event address, event state and event scale in a graphical manner, prompting relevant personnel to handle, so that daily maintenance is intuitive, fast, saves manpower and resources, and after a fire occurs, early fire detection and warning and rapid fire extinguishing in the cable trench can be effectively solved.

[0042] Embodiment 2 This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and provides a cable trench fire detection and extinguishing integrated system. Specifically, after laying the combined fire detector of embodiment 1 in the cable trench, fire extinguishers 1 are also arranged at intervals between the two side walls of the cable trench. The fire extinguishers 1 work independently. When a certain microprocessor in the combined fire detector sends a fire alarm, the controller controls the corresponding fire extinguisher 1 to start extinguishing fire according to the address of the current microprocessor. Generally, the fire extinguisher 1 is responsible for extinguishing the fire on the opposite cable bridge, so the fixed position of the fire extinguisher 1 is generally higher than the uppermost layer of cable, and the spraying direction of the fire extinguishing medium is inclined downward to cover the upper and lower layers of cable on the opposite side. The fire extinguisher 1 can be fixed to the side wall of the cable trench by a clamp. This fixing structure is a conventional technology and will not be described in detail.

[0043] The fire extinguisher 1 of this embodiment has the function of long-time stable pressure spraying. The specific structure is as follows: Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , this embodiment provides a fire extinguisher, which comprises a pressure-resistant container 10, an ignition mechanism 12, a first valve 101, a controller 13 and a detector 14. The pressure-resistant container 10 is provided with a storage cavity for storing fire extinguishing dry powder, and the pressure-resistant container 10 is provided with a storage device 11 for supplementing the fire extinguishing dry powder in the storage cavity; the ignition mechanism 12 is provided with a plurality of ignition mechanisms 12, which are arranged at the top of the pressure-resistant container 10, and are used to spray the fire extinguishing dry powder in the storage cavity out of the pressure-resistant container 10 after the ignition mechanism 12 is ignited; the first valve 101 is arranged on the output pipe of the pressure-resistant container 10; the controller 13 is electrically connected with the ignition mechanism 12 and the first valve 101, the first valve 101 can be an electromagnetic valve, and the controller 13 can be a single-chip microcomputer, PLC or chip, etc., such as STM32 single-chip microcomputer; the detector 14 is used to feed back fire extinguishing information to the controller 13 and open the ignition mechanism 12.

[0044] Specifically, the detector 14 can be an SR-505 temperature alarm, which measures the temperature in the environment in real time through a sensor. When the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, the detector 14 immediately transmits a signal to the controller 13 and triggers an alarm. After receiving the signal, the controller 13 quickly opens the first valve 101 and starts the ignition mechanism 12.

[0045] In practical use, multiple ignition mechanisms 12 can be activated sequentially at equal time intervals via controller 13. It should be noted that the time interval is a calibrated value obtained through detection. By monitoring the pressure changes at the nozzle during the spraying of the extinguishing dry powder, the pressure data is collected and plotted as a curve. The time points of significant change in the curve are extracted to determine the locations of significant pressure drops. This experiment is repeated, and the average time difference of significant pressure drops is calculated from multiple spraying experiments to obtain the calibrated value of the time interval. After ignition, the ignition mechanism 12 releases airflow. Driven by the airflow, the extinguishing dry powder in the cavity is sprayed out through the output pipe of the pressure-resistant container 10. Because the ignition times of the multiple ignition mechanisms 12 are spaced apart, the airflow can be released in stages, keeping the air pressure relatively constant. This ensures continuous spraying of the extinguishing dry powder and a strong ability to suppress fire sources, avoiding the problem of insufficient extinguishing effect caused by the instantaneous release of airflow from a single ignition mechanism.

[0046] Alternatively, the number or interval of ignition mechanisms 12 can be dynamically adjusted based on the ambient temperature through continuous detection by detector 14, ensuring that the spray intensity of the extinguishing dry powder matches the scale of the fire. For example, when detector 14 detects that the temperature exceeds a preset threshold, controller 13 activates one ignition mechanism 12 to initially suppress the fire; if the temperature continues to rise, controller 13 will activate more ignition mechanisms 12 sequentially, shortening the interval time, increasing the spray intensity, and improving the extinguishing effect.

[0047] During ignition, after the current ignition mechanism 12 is ignited, the next target ignition mechanism 12 is the ignition mechanism 12 that is furthest from the current ignition mechanism 12 and has not yet been ignited. If there are multiple target ignition mechanisms 12, one is randomly selected. When an ignition mechanism 12 is ignited, the extinguishing dry powder in its corresponding area is sprayed and consumed. The distribution of extinguishing dry powder in the adjacent area is easily affected by it, while the area corresponding to the ignition mechanism 12 furthest from it is easier to maintain a sufficient distribution of extinguishing dry powder. At the same time, under this mechanism, it is beneficial to promote the flow of extinguishing dry powder in the pressure vessel 10, ensuring smooth spraying and extinguishing effect.

[0048] Meanwhile, the design of the memory 11 allows for timely replenishment of fire extinguishing dry powder during or after fire extinguishing, ensuring the continued effectiveness of the device.

[0049] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the ignition mechanism 12 includes a gunpowder chamber 121 filled with gunpowder, a gas-generating chamber 122 connected to the gunpowder chamber 121, and an electric ignition unit 123 for igniting the gas-generating chamber 122. The electric ignition unit 123 is electrically connected to the controller 13.

[0050] Specifically, the electric ignition unit 123 can be a semiconductor igniter or a bridge wire (such as a thin metal wire), which can convert the input electrical energy into heat energy to trigger the subsequent reaction. The gas generating chamber 122 has a gas generating agent (such as a nitro compound, a pyrotechnic agent, etc.) therein, which can release a large amount of high-temperature gas and heat instantaneously under the high-temperature trigger of the electric ignition unit 123, and simultaneously generate high pressure, thereby transferring the high-temperature and high-pressure gas to the powder chamber 121 to initiate the combustion of the powder, complete the ignition, and rapidly push the dry powder extinguishing agent to form an effective extinguishing cover.

[0051] As shown in Figure 9 , the first vibrator 102 is arranged on the outer side of the pressure-resistant container 10. The first vibrator 102 can be an ultrasonic vibrator, such as an MR-1200Z ultrasonic vibration box. By applying high-frequency vibration on the outer side of the pressure-resistant container 10, the flowability of the dry powder extinguishing agent in the pressure-resistant container 10 is promoted, the dry powder is prevented from caking, and the smoothness of the spraying and the extinguishing effect are ensured.

[0052] As shown in Figure 9 , the second valve 111 is arranged on the output pipe of the storage 11, and the second valve 111 can be an electromagnetic valve. The second valve 111 is electrically connected with the controller 13, and the storage 11 is located above the pressure-resistant container 10. During the extinguishing process or after the extinguishing, the second valve 111 can be opened by the controller 13 to replenish the dry powder extinguishing agent in the storage 11 into the pressure-resistant container 10, so as to maintain sufficient supply of the dry powder extinguishing agent.

[0053] As shown in Figure 9 , the storage 11 is provided with a hanging part 112 for hanging itself. The fire extinguisher can be fixedly installed in an area that needs to be protected, such as the top of a warehouse, through the hanging part 112.

[0054] As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the bottom of the storage 11 and the pressure-resistant container 10 is in a conical structure. The conical structure design helps the dry powder extinguishing agent to be output from the output pipe, reduces the residue of the dry powder in the container, and avoids the blocking phenomenon of the dry powder during the output process, thereby improving the spraying efficiency.

[0055] As shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the pressure-resistant container 10 is provided with a splash plate 103 for diffusing the sprayed dry powder extinguishing agent, and a fixed arm 104 for spacing the splash plate 103 from the outlet of the pressure-resistant container 10. The fixed arm 104 is arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant container 10.

[0056] Specifically, the umbrella-shaped sputtering disc 103 can effectively disperse the dry powder spraying direction and expand the coverage area. The fixed arm 104 can ensure the stability of the sputtering disc 103 and prevent deviation during spraying. The cooperation of the sputtering disc 103 and the fixed arm 104 can form a uniform and extensive coverage of the dry powder during spraying, thereby significantly improving the fire extinguishing efficiency and coverage.

[0057] As shown in Figure 9 In this embodiment, a second vibrator 113 is arranged outside the storage 11 for vibrating itself, or the storage 11 is rigidly connected with the pressure-resistant container 10.

[0058] Specifically, the second vibrator 113 can be an ultrasonic vibrator, which can be arranged on the outer side of the storage 11. The high-frequency vibration can further optimize the flowability of the dry powder, ensure that the dry powder does not agglomerate in the storage 11, and improve the instantaneity and uniformity of the spraying. Alternatively, the storage 11 is rigidly connected with the pressure-resistant container 10 to form an integral structure. Under the action of the first vibrator 102, the storage 11 and the pressure-resistant container 10 vibrate synchronously.

[0059] As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 In this embodiment, the pressure-resistant container 10 is provided with a placement cavity 105 for accommodating the ignition mechanism 12. The bottom of the placement cavity 105 is provided with a through hole communicating with the cavity, and the through hole is provided with a cover 1051. After the ignition mechanism 12 is ignited, the airflow generated by the ignition mechanism 12 pushes away the cover 1051, enters the cavity through the through hole, and pushes the dry powder to be sprayed rapidly.

[0060] The present embodiment provides a fire extinguishing method using the fire extinguisher as described in Embodiment 1. The controller 13 sequentially opens a plurality of ignition mechanisms 12 at equal time intervals to continuously spray the dry powder. The time interval is a calibration value detected. Since the ignition time of the plurality of ignition mechanisms 12 is interval, the airflow can be released in stages, so that the air pressure remains relatively constant, thereby maintaining the continuous spraying of the dry powder and the strong fire source suppression capability, avoiding the problem of insufficient follow-up effect of the fire extinguishing effect after the instant release of the airflow by a single ignition mechanism 12.

[0061] Alternatively, the detector 14 continuously detects and dynamically adjusts the number of activated ignition mechanisms 12 or the interval time according to the temperature of the environment, so as to ensure that the spraying intensity of the dry powder matches the size of the fire, thereby improving the fire extinguishing effect.

[0062] Embodiment 3 Based on the fire detection and extinguishing integrated system of Embodiment 2, the present embodiment provides a control method, as shown in Figure 12 The method comprises the following steps: Power on and system initialization; The combined fire detector collects the temperature information of the cable trench in real time and uploads the information.

[0063] The main control room receives the temperature information. When the highest temperature of the collection unit 20 uploaded by the combined fire detector exceeds 50℃, it is considered that there is an abnormal situation in the cable trench and there is a potential risk of fire. The system issues a warning prompt. When the temperature detected by the collection unit 20 exceeds 85℃ or the temperature rise rate is greater than 10℃ / min, the combined fire detector uploads the alarm state information. The system considers that a fire alarm has occurred and issues a fire alarm.

[0064] Fire extinguisher 1 linkage judgment: For the cable trench of the double-sided bridge, one combined fire detector is arranged on each side of the cable trench. When both of the two combined fire detectors on both sides of the cable trench issue a fire alarm, the system starts fire extinguishing, as shown in Figure 15 .

[0065] For the cable trench of the single-sided bridge, one combined fire detector is arranged. When more than three collection units 20 of the combined fire detector issue a fire alarm, the system starts fire extinguishing.

[0066] Fire spread trend judgment: When two or more adjacent collection units 20 of the combined fire detector issue a fire alarm, it is considered that the fire has started to spread, as shown in Figure 16 .

[0067] The fire state information is transmitted to the fire alarm controller, and the real-time data information is transmitted to the fire monitoring and early warning platform for daily use by the on-duty personnel. Through real-time data information, potential risks are predicted in advance, and functions such as fault type and fault positioning are used to deal with them in advance to prevent disaster events. Once a fire alarm occurs, the fire monitoring and early warning platform identifies the alarm level 1, 2, and 3 using regional colors in combination with the alarm trajectory of the combined fire detector, and cooperates with the combined fire detectors on both sides of the cable trench to identify the fire size and spread trend. The operation and maintenance personnel perform corresponding operations according to the alarm level in advance to deal with it in a timely manner to prevent the fire size from spreading and expanding. The fire monitoring and early warning platform sends a fire linkage control signal according to the fire size and spread trend to start the fire extinguishing system at the corresponding position and cooperates to implement efficient and rapid fire extinguishing.

[0068] In the normal state, the fire monitoring and early warning platform display is shown in Figure 13 , the left side is a schematic diagram of the installation of the combined fire detector in the cable trench, and the right side is a schematic diagram of the platform display.

[0069] Before a fire occurs, when the temperature of the power cable is abnormal, the color of the interface of the fire monitoring and early warning platform changes, and a warning prompt is issued. The state of the fire monitoring and early warning platform is shown in Figure 14 , the left side is a schematic diagram of the overheating of the combined fire detector in the cable trench, and the right side is a schematic diagram of the platform display.

[0070] After the fire occurs, the fire monitoring and early warning platform is as shown in Figure 15 , the left side is a cable trench combined fire detector fire alarm schematic diagram, and the right side is a platform display schematic diagram.

[0071] After the fire spreads, the fire monitoring and early warning platform is as shown in Figure 16 , the left side is a cable trench combined fire detector fire spread schematic diagram, and the right side is a platform display schematic diagram.

[0072] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit it; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A cable duct combined fire detector, characterized by, The application relates to a temperature monitoring system for a cable tunnel, which comprises a plurality of collecting units arranged at intervals, a semiconductor temperature sensor, and a microprocessor integrated with an infrared temperature sensor array, a longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit, a longitudinal signal answering circuit; the input end of the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit is connected with a bus, the output end is connected with the microprocessor, the microprocessor is connected with the bus through a bus signal answer, the infrared temperature sensor array is in communication connection with the microprocessor; the microprocessor stores an address; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are also connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid on the uppermost layer of cables; the microprocessor and the semiconductor temperature sensor are respectively in communication connection with the bus.

2. The cable tray combined fire detector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The infrared probes of the infrared temperature sensors in the infrared temperature sensor array are oriented in different directions.

3. The cable tray combined fire detector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The infrared temperature sensor array is a 2*2 array, and the four infrared temperature sensors are respectively oriented in four directions.

4. A cable duct combined fire detector according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that, The welding surface of the base of the infrared temperature sensor is an inclined surface.

5. The cable tray combined fire detector according to claim 4, characterized in that, The infrared temperature sensor is electrically welded on one side of a circuit board through the welding surface, and the microprocessor is electrically welded on the same side or the back of the circuit board.

6. A method for laying a cable trench combined fire detector, applied to the combined fire detector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; characterized in that, For a double-bridge cable tunnel, a plurality of collecting units are fixed at intervals on the two side walls of the cable tunnel, and the fixed points are higher than the uppermost layer of cables; the semiconductor temperature sensor is arranged in an S shape on the upper layer of cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting units are respectively in communication connection with a bus; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is in communication connection with the bus; and the bus is linearly laid along the side walls of the cable tunnel.

7. A method for laying a cable trench combined fire detector, applied to the combined fire detector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; characterized in that, For a single-bridge cable tunnel, a plurality of collecting units are fixed at intervals on the side without a bridge; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid in an S shape on the uppermost layer of power cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting units are respectively in communication connection with a bus; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are connected through a signal line; and the semiconductor temperature sensor is in communication connection with the bus.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein, For a double-bridge cable tunnel, the detection visual field angle of the infrared temperature sensor array of each collecting unit covers the cable bridge between two adjacent collecting units.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein, For a single-bridge cable tunnel, the transverse monitoring visual field angles of two adjacent collecting units intersect.

10. A cable trench composite fire control method using the combination fire detector according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, The application relates to a temperature monitoring system for a cable tunnel, which comprises a plurality of collecting units arranged at intervals, a semiconductor temperature sensor, and a microprocessor integrated with an infrared temperature sensor array, a longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit, a longitudinal signal answering circuit; the input end of the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit is connected with a bus, the output end is connected with the microprocessor, the microprocessor is connected with the bus through a bus signal answer, the infrared temperature sensor array is in communication connection with the microprocessor; the microprocessor stores an address; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are also connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid on the uppermost layer of cables; the microprocessor and the semiconductor temperature sensor are respectively in communication connection with the bus. The infrared probes of the infrared temperature sensors in the infrared temperature sensor array are oriented in different directions. The infrared temperature sensor array is a 2*2 array, and the four infrared temperature sensors are respectively oriented in four directions. The welding surface of the base of the infrared temperature sensor is an inclined surface. The infrared temperature sensor is electrically welded on one side of a circuit board through the welding surface, and the microprocessor is electrically welded on the same side or the back of the circuit board. For a double-bridge cable tunnel, a plurality of collecting units are fixed at intervals on the two side walls of the cable tunnel, and the fixed points are higher than the uppermost layer of cables; the semiconductor temperature sensor is arranged in an S shape on the upper layer of cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting units are respectively in communication connection with a bus; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is in communication connection with the bus; and the bus is linearly laid along the side walls of the cable tunnel. For a single-bridge cable tunnel, a plurality of collecting units are fixed at intervals on the side without a bridge; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid in an S shape on the uppermost layer of power cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting units are respectively in communication connection with a bus; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are connected through a signal line; and the semiconductor temperature sensor is in communication connection with the bus. For a double-bridge cable tunnel, the detection visual field angle of the infrared temperature sensor array of each collecting unit covers the cable bridge between two adjacent collecting units. For a single-bridge cable tunnel, the transverse monitoring visual field angles of two adjacent collecting units intersect. The application relates to a temperature monitoring system for a cable tunnel, which comprises a plurality of collecting units arranged at intervals, a semiconductor temperature sensor, and a microprocessor integrated with an infrared temperature sensor array, a longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit, a longitudinal signal answering circuit; the input end of the longitudinal and power signal conversion circuit is connected with a bus, the output end is connected with the microprocessor, the microprocessor is connected with the bus through a bus signal answer, the infrared temperature sensor array is in communication connection with the microprocessor; the microprocessor stores an address; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are also connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid on the uppermost layer of cables; the microprocessor and the semiconductor temperature sensor are respectively in communication connection with the bus. The infrared probes of the infrared temperature sensors in the infrared temperature sensor array are oriented in different directions. The infrared temperature sensor array is a 2*2 array, and the four infrared temperature sensors are respectively oriented in four directions. The welding surface of the base of the infrared temperature sensor is an inclined surface. The infrared temperature sensor is electrically welded on one side of a circuit board through the welding surface, and the microprocessor is electrically welded on the same side or the back of the circuit board. For a double-bridge cable tunnel, a plurality of collecting units are fixed at intervals on the two side walls of the cable tunnel, and the fixed points are higher than the uppermost layer of cables; the semiconductor temperature sensor is arranged in an S shape on the upper layer of cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting units are respectively in communication connection with a bus; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are connected through a signal line; the semiconductor temperature sensor is in communication connection with the bus; and the bus is linearly laid along the side walls of the cable tunnel. For a single-bridge cable tunnel, a plurality of collecting units are fixed at intervals on the side without a bridge; the semiconductor temperature sensor is laid in an S shape on the uppermost layer of power cables; the microprocessors of the plurality of collecting units are respectively in communication connection with a bus; the microprocessors of two adjacent collecting units are connected through a signal line; and the semiconductor temperature sensor is in communication connection with the bus. For a double-bridge cable tunnel, the detection visual field angle of the infrared temperature sensor array of each collecting unit covers the cable bridge between two adjacent collecting units. For a single-bridge cable tunnel, the transverse monitoring visual field angles of two adjacent collecting units intersect. Fire spread tendency determination: When two or more adjacent collection units of the combined fire detector 2 issue a fire alarm, it is determined that the fire has started to spread.

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