High-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear reactors, and discloses a high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device, a high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises a reactor core, a discharge pipe and a hot gas chamber, the bottom of the reactor core is a pebble bed, fuel pebbles are stacked on the pebble bed, the discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the reactor core, and a pressure measuring structure is arranged at the communication position of the discharge pipe and the reactor core. The pressure measuring structure comprises a metal disc, a first pressure guiding pipe and a first pressure transmitter, the metal disc is installed on the inner wall of the discharging pipe, the first pressure guiding pipe is connected to the metal disc, a second pressure guiding pipe is communicated between the reactor core and the hot air chamber, the coolant is divided into two strands after being injected into the reactor core, one strand of coolant enters a pipe cavity of the first pressure guiding pipe after flowing through the pebble bed, and the other strand of coolant enters the second pressure transmitter after flowing through the pebble bed. The first pressure transmitter measures the pressure of the coolant to obtain outlet pressure information after the coolant flows through the pebble bed, the other part of the coolant is led into the hot air chamber through the second pressure leading pipe, the pressure value of the coolant, namely the pressure of the coolant before the coolant enters the pebble bed, is measured through the second pressure transmitter, and accurate pebble bed flow resistance is obtained after treatment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of nuclear reactors, in particular to a kind of high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Pebble Bed High-Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (PB-HTGR) is an advanced fourth generation nuclear reactor design, which has attracted widespread attention due to its inherent safety features, high efficiency and multi-purpose application potential. The bottom of the pebble bed is a ball bed, and the bottom of the core is directly connected to the discharge pipe and connected to the fuel handling system. A large number of spherical fuel elements are naturally stacked in the ball bed. The spherical fuel elements are loaded from the top of the core, slowly move downward, react in the core, and are discharged from the bottom discharge pipe. The fuel balls can be recycled multiple times, and their state is detected after passing through the core each time. The non-exhausted ones can be re-injected. The PB-HTGR uses inert gas helium as coolant, which is chemically stable and will not react with fuel or structural materials, and can work at high temperature.

[0003] In the PB-HTGR, the coolant (usually helium) flows through the ball bed filled with a large number of fuel balls, and encounters flow resistance. This resistance is a key parameter in the thermal hydraulic design of the reactor. Due to the structural characteristics of the core internals, it is difficult to accurately measure the resistance through the ball bed under the condition of complete filling of the ball bed. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device that can accurately measure the resistance of the ball bed.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device, the high temperature gas cooled reactor includes a core, a discharge pipe and a hot gas chamber, the bottom of the core is a ball bed, the ball bed is filled with fuel balls, the discharge pipe is connected to the bottom of the core, a pressure measuring structure is provided at the connection between the discharge pipe and the core, the pressure measuring structure includes a metal disc, a first pressure pipe and a first pressure transmitter, the metal disc is installed on the inner wall of the discharge pipe, the first pressure pipe penetrates and is connected to the metal disc, the first pressure transmitter is installed in the lumen of the first pressure pipe, a second pressure pipe is connected between the core and the hot gas chamber, and the lumen of the second pressure pipe is installed with a second pressure transmitter.

[0007] After the coolant is injected into the core, it is divided into two streams. One stream is introduced into the lumen of the discharge pipe and the lumen of the first pressure pipe after being introduced into the ball bed, and the other stream is introduced into the second pressure pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the metal disc is provided with a pressure tapping hole, and the port of the first pressure lead pipe is connected to the pressure tapping hole.

[0009] Preferably, the discharge pipe is vertically arranged, the metal disc is horizontally arranged, the metal disc is provided with a plurality of pressure tapping holes at intervals, the pressure tapping holes correspond to the first pressure lead pipes one by one, and the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe is provided with a hot wire anemometer.

[0010] Preferably, the lumen of the discharge pipe is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring structures at intervals along the length direction, the metal disc is provided with a gas permeable hole, and the orthogonal projection of the first pressure lead pipe arranged on any two metal discs does not overlap.

[0011] Preferably, the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe is provided with a thermocouple.

[0012] Preferably, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected to the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the pressure information of the first pressure transmitter and the second pressure transmitter to obtain the resistance of the pebble bed.

[0013] Preferably, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected to a plurality of hot wire anemometers, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the wind speed information of the coolant to obtain the flow distribution data of the coolant in the same cross section.

[0014] Preferably, the heights of the hot wire anemometers in the same pressure measuring structure are the same.

[0015] Preferably, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected to the first pressure transmitter in a plurality of pressure measuring structures, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the pressure information of the first pressure transmitter to obtain the pressure drop data of the coolant.

[0016] Preferably, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected to the thermocouple, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the temperature information of the coolant.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0018] The application provides a high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprises a reactor core, a discharge pipe and a hot gas chamber, the bottom of the reactor core is a pebble bed, the pebble bed is filled with fuel balls, the discharge pipe is communicated with the bottom of the reactor core, a pressure measuring structure is arranged at the communication position of the discharge pipe and the reactor core, the pressure measuring structure comprises a metal disc, a first pressure lead pipe and a first pressure transmitter, the metal disc is installed on the inner wall of the discharge pipe, the first pressure lead pipe penetrates through and is connected to the metal disc, the first pressure transmitter is installed in the tube cavity of the first pressure lead pipe, a second pressure lead pipe is communicated between the reactor core and the hot gas chamber, and the tube cavity of the second pressure lead pipe is installed with a second pressure transmitter;

[0019] The coolant is injected into the top of the reactor core, after the coolant is injected into the reactor core, the coolant is divided into two streams, one of which flows through the pebble bed and then further enters the tube cavity of the discharge pipe and the tube cavity of the first pressure lead pipe, the pressure of the coolant is measured by the first pressure transmitter and is converted into a standard electrical signal to obtain the outlet pressure information of the coolant flowing through the pebble bed, and the other stream is introduced into the hot gas chamber through the second pressure lead pipe, the pressure value of the coolant is measured by the second pressure transmitter, that is, the pressure of the coolant before entering the pebble bed, and is converted into a standard electrical signal, and after processing, the accurate pebble bed flow resistance is obtained. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a pressure measuring structure provided by the embodiment of the application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a top view of a metal disc provided by the embodiment of the application.

[0023] In the drawings:

[0024] 10, reactor core; 101, pebble bed; 20, discharge pipe; 30, hot gas chamber;

[0025] 1, metal disc; 11, pressure tapping hole; 12, air permeable hole; 2, first pressure lead pipe; 3, first pressure transmitter; 4, second pressure lead pipe; 5, second pressure transmitter; 6, hot wire anemometer; 7, thermocouple. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application, but not to limit the application. In addition, it should be noted that, in order to facilitate the description, only the parts related to the application are shown in the drawings, but not all the structures.

[0027] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", "fixed" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature "on", "above" and "above" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0029] In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "up", "down", "right", etc. orientation or position relationship is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only used to distinguish in the description, and have no special meaning.

[0030] In the pebble bed type high temperature gas cooled reactor, the coolant (usually helium) flows through a large number of fuel balls accumulated in the pebble bed, and encounters flow resistance, which is a key parameter in the thermal hydraulic design of the reactor. At the same time, due to the structural characteristics of the in-core components, it is difficult to accurately measure the resistance through the pebble bed under the condition that the pebble bed is completely filled.

[0031] Therefore, the present embodiment provides a high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device, which can accurately measure the pebble bed resistance.

[0032] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 The high temperature gas cooled reactor includes a core 10, a discharge pipe 20 and a hot gas chamber 30, the bottom of the core 10 is a pebble bed 101, a large number of fuel balls are accumulated in the pebble bed 101, the discharge pipe 20 is communicated with the bottom of the core 10 and connected with the fuel handling system, the spherical fuel elements are loaded from the top of the core 10, slowly move downward, react in the core 10, and then are discharged from the discharge pipe 20 at the bottom, and then are transported to the fuel handling system.

[0033] Please refer toFigures 1 to 3 The high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device provided in the embodiment is provided with a pressure measuring structure at the communication position of the discharge pipe 20 and the reactor core 10, which can test the outlet pressure of the coolant after flowing through the pebble bed 101, and the flow resistance of the pebble bed 101 can be obtained by testing the pressure of the coolant before entering the pebble bed 101 and processing.

[0034] In the embodiment, the coolant is injected into the top of the reactor core 10, part of the coolant flows through the pebble bed 101 and then further flows through the pressure measuring structure, the pressure of the coolant is measured by the pressure measuring structure and converted into a standard electrical signal to obtain the outlet pressure information of the coolant after flowing through the pebble bed 101, and part of the coolant is introduced into the hot gas chamber 30, the pressure value of the coolant at the inlet of the hot gas chamber 30, that is, the pressure of the coolant before entering the pebble bed 101, is measured and converted into a standard electrical signal, and the flow resistance of the pebble bed 101 is obtained after processing.

[0035] Specifically, the pressure measuring structure provided in the embodiment includes a metal disc 1, a first pressure lead pipe 2 and a first pressure transmitter 3. The metal disc 1 is installed on the inner wall of the discharge pipe 20, the first pressure lead pipe 2 is connected to the metal disc 1, and the top of the first pressure lead pipe 2 penetrates the metal disc 1 to communicate with the pebble bed 101, and the first pressure transmitter 3 is installed in the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe 2.

[0036] For example, the pipe diameter of the first pressure lead pipe 2 is smaller than the diameter of the spherical fuel element, so as to prevent the spherical fuel element from falling into the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe 2.

[0037] Further, the second pressure lead pipe 4 is communicated between the top of the reactor core 10 and the hot gas chamber 30, and the second pressure transmitter 5 is installed in the lumen of the second pressure lead pipe 4, and the second pressure transmitter 5 is used to measure the pressure of the coolant entering the hot gas chamber 30.

[0038] Through the above arrangement, the coolant is injected into the top of the reactor core 10, and the coolant injected into the reactor core 10 is divided into two streams, one of which flows through the pebble bed 101 and then further enters the lumen of the discharge pipe 20 and the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe 2, the pressure of the coolant is measured by the first pressure transmitter 3 and converted into a standard electrical signal to obtain the outlet pressure information of the coolant after flowing through the pebble bed 101, and the other stream is introduced into the hot gas chamber 30 through the second pressure lead pipe 4, the pressure value of the coolant, that is, the pressure of the coolant before entering the pebble bed 101, is measured by the second pressure transmitter 5 and converted into a standard electrical signal, and the flow resistance of the pebble bed 101 is obtained after processing.

[0039] Preferably, the metal disc 1 is provided with a pressure tapping hole 11, and the port of the first pressure lead pipe 2 is connected to the pressure tapping hole 11 to realize the communication of the top of the first pressure lead pipe 2 with the pebble bed 101.

[0040] Preferably, the hot gas chamber 30 is composed of graphite bricks, and the hot gas chamber 30 forms a hot gas cavity inside, and the second pressure lead pipe 4 is connected to the hot gas cavity and the core 10.

[0041] For example, the first pressure lead pipe 2 and the second pressure lead pipe 4 are both made of metal pipes, which have sufficient strength.

[0042] The high-temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device provided by the embodiment further comprises a processing center connected to the first pressure transmitter 3 and the second pressure transmitter 5, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the electrical signals converted from the pressure information by the first pressure transmitter 3 and the second pressure transmitter 5, so as to obtain the resistance of the pebble bed 101 after processing by the processing center. It should be noted that the processing center is a commonly used control panel in the prior art, and receiving and processing information is a common application of the control panel. Therefore, the principle will not be described here.

[0043] In other possible embodiments, the discharge pipe 20 is vertically arranged, and the metal disc 1 is horizontally arranged, and the metal disc 1 is provided with a plurality of pressure tapping holes 11 arranged at intervals, and the pressure tapping holes 11 are arranged one by one corresponding to the first pressure lead pipe 2, so that the port of the first pressure lead pipe 2 is located in the same cross section of the discharge pipe 20, and the hot wire anemometer 6 is installed in the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe 2, so as to measure the flow rate of the coolant at different positions in the same cross section, thereby accurately obtaining the flow distribution of the coolant.

[0044] Further, the processing center is connected to a plurality of hot wire anemometers 6, and the hot wire anemometers 6 are used to measure the instantaneous wind speed of the coolant flowing through, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the wind speed information of the coolant, so as to obtain the flow distribution data of the coolant in the same cross section, so as to study the influence of the void fraction and the arrangement mode of the fuel balls on the flow resistance, and analyze the resistance characteristics of the pebble bed 101.

[0045] Preferably, the heights of the hot wire anemometers 6 in the same pressure measuring structure are the same, so as to ensure that the measurement points of the hot wire anemometers 6 are located at different positions in the same cross section, and improve the accuracy of the measurement of the flow distribution data of the coolant.

[0046] In other possible embodiments, a plurality of pressure measuring structures can also be arranged at intervals along the length direction of the lumen of the discharge pipe 20, and a flow of the coolant further enters the lumen of the discharge pipe 20 and the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe 2 at the topmost position after flowing through the pebble bed 101, and sequentially flows through the lumens of a plurality of first pressure lead pipes 2 below through the lumen of the discharge pipe 20, and the pressure of the coolant entering the first pressure lead pipes 2 of different pressure measuring structures is measured by the first pressure transmitter 3, so as to measure the pressures of different cross sections in the height direction of the discharge pipe 20, and convert them into standard electrical signals, so as to obtain the pressure drop information of the coolant.

[0047] Preferably, the air vent 12 is arranged on the metal disc 1, wherein a flow of coolant passes through the pebble bed 101 and then enters the lumen of the discharge pipe 20, and is introduced into the lumens of the first pressure guide pipes 2 below in sequence through the air vent 12, and the orthographic projections of the first pressure guide pipes 2 arranged on any two metal discs 1 do not overlap, so as to ensure that different pressure measurement structures do not interfere with each other and ensure that the coolant can be smoothly introduced into the first pressure guide pipes 2 below. Further preferably, the air vent 12 is arranged at intervals between the metal discs 1.

[0048] Further, the processing center is connected to the first pressure transmitter 3 in the pressure measurement structure, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the electrical signal converted from the pressure information by the first pressure transmitter 3, so as to obtain the pressure drop data of the coolant.

[0049] In other possible embodiments, a thermocouple 7 can also be arranged in the lumen of the first pressure guide pipe 2 to measure the temperature information of the coolant and convert it into an electrical signal. Further, the processing center is connected to the thermocouple 7, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the electrical signal converted from the temperature information of the coolant, so as to obtain the temperature of the coolant.

[0050] The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] By receiving and processing the electrical signals converted from the pressure information by the first pressure transmitter 3 and the second pressure transmitter 5 through the processing center, the resistance of the pebble bed 101 can be obtained.

[0052] By measuring the instantaneous flow rate of the coolant at different positions in the same cross section through the hot-wire anemometer 6, the flow distribution of the coolant can be accurately obtained, and the processing center receives and processes the wind speed information of the coolant, so as to obtain the flow distribution data of the coolant in the same cross section, so as to study the influence of the void fraction and the arrangement of the fuel balls on the flow resistance, and analyze the resistance characteristics of the pebble bed 101.

[0053] By measuring the pressure of the coolant entering the first pressure guide pipe 2 of the pressure measurement structure at different heights through the first pressure transmitter 3, the pressure of different cross sections in the height direction of the discharge pipe 20 is measured and converted into a standard electrical signal, and the processing center receives and processes the above-mentioned electrical signal, so as to obtain the pressure drop information of the coolant.

[0054] By measuring the temperature information of the coolant through the thermocouple 7 and converting it into an electrical signal, the processing center receives and processes the electrical signal converted from the temperature information of the coolant, so as to obtain the temperature of the coolant.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present application are merely exemplary but not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Various obvious changes, re-adjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present application. It is not necessary or possible to enumerate all the embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device, the high temperature gas cooled reactor comprising a reactor core (10), a discharge conduit (20) and a hot gas plenum (30), the reactor core (10) having a bottom portion which is a pebble bed (101) which accumulates fuel spheres, the discharge conduit (20) being in communication with the bottom portion of the reactor core (10), characterised in that, The pressure measuring structure is arranged at the communication position of the discharge pipe (20) and the core (10), and comprises a metal disc (1), a first pressure lead pipe (2) and a first pressure transmitter (3), the metal disc (1) is arranged on the inner wall of the discharge pipe (20), the first pressure lead pipe (2) penetrates and is connected to the metal disc (1), and the first pressure transmitter (3) is arranged in the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe (2); a second pressure lead pipe (4) is arranged between the core (10) and the hot gas plenum (30), and the lumen of the second pressure lead pipe (4) is arranged with a second pressure transmitter (5). The coolant injected into the core (10) is divided into two streams, one of which is introduced into the ball bed (101) and then into the lumen of the discharge pipe (20) and the lumen of the first pressure lead pipe (2), and the other of which is introduced into the second pressure lead pipe (4).

2. A pebble bed resistance measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metal disc (1) is provided with a pressure tapping hole (11), and the port of the first pressure lead pipe (2) is connected to the pressure tapping hole (11).

3. A pebble bed drag measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 2, characterised in that, The discharge pipe (20) is arranged vertically, the metal disc (1) is arranged horizontally, a plurality of pressure tapping holes (11) are arranged on the metal disc (1) at intervals, the pressure tapping holes (11) correspond to the first pressure lead pipes (2) one by one, and the lumens of the first pressure lead pipes (2) are arranged with hot wire anemometers (6).

4. A pebble bed drag measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein The lumens of the discharge pipe (20) are arranged with a plurality of pressure measuring structures at intervals along the length direction, the metal disc (1) is provided with a gas permeable hole (12), and the orthogonal projections of the first pressure lead pipes (2) arranged on any two metal discs (1) do not overlap.

5. A pebble bed drag measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein The lumen of the first pressure lead pipe (2) is arranged with a thermocouple (7).

6. A pebble bed drag measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, wherein The high-temperature gas cooled reactor ball bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected with the first pressure transmitter (3) and the second pressure transmitter (5), and the processing center is configured to receive and process the pressure information of the first pressure transmitter (3) and the second pressure transmitter (5) to obtain the resistance of the ball bed (101).

7. A high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device according to claim 3, characterised in that, The high-temperature gas cooled reactor ball bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected with a plurality of hot wire anemometers (6), and the processing center is configured to receive and process the wind speed information of the coolant to obtain the flow distribution data of the coolant in the same cross section.

8. A high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed resistance measuring device according to claim 3, characterised in that, The heights of the hot wire anemometers (6) in the same pressure measuring structure are the same.

9. A pebble bed drag measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 4, wherein, The high-temperature gas cooled reactor ball bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected with the first pressure transmitter (3) in a plurality of pressure measuring structures, and the processing center is configured to receive and process the pressure information of the first pressure transmitter (3) to obtain the pressure drop data of the coolant.

10. A pebble bed drag measuring device for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 5, wherein The high-temperature gas cooled reactor ball bed resistance measuring device further comprises a processing center connected with the thermocouple (7), and the processing center is configured to receive and process the temperature information of the coolant.

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