Powder laying assembly based on metal 3D printer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printers, and particularly relates to a powder spreading assembly based on a metal 3D printer, the powder spreading assembly comprises a transverse sliding rail, an L-shaped powder spreading support, a powder spreading funnel, a longitudinal sliding rail and a powder spreading bin, one end of the L-shaped powder spreading support is fixedly connected with the transverse sliding rail, and the other end of the L-shaped powder spreading support is fixedly connected with the powder spreading funnel; the powder spreading bin is fixedly arranged at the top of the longitudinal sliding rail, and the powder outlet adjusting mechanism is arranged at an opening in the bottom of the powder spreading hopper. Workpiece information is obtained through scanning, the powder discharging amount and the workpiece height interval are accurately adjusted accordingly, meanwhile, the powder discharging uniformity can be detected in advance and corrected in time, the powder discharging state can be optimized in an auxiliary mode, residual powder can be recycled, the uniformity and accuracy of a powder laying layer are guaranteed, sintering defects caused by the powder laying problem are reduced, the powder utilization rate is increased, and the production cost is reduced. And reliable guarantee is provided for the forming quality and performance of subsequent metal 3D printing workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of 3D printer technology, and in particular relates to a powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of metal 3D printing technology, funnel-type powder spreading components are widely used in various small and medium-sized metal 3D printers due to their advantages such as simple structure, low cost, and convenient installation and maintenance. The working principle is mainly to store metal powder in a funnel and use gravity to make the powder fall from the bottom outlet to the surface of the workpiece in the forming cylinder. Then, with the lateral movement of the powder spreading component, a single layer of powder spreading is completed, providing a basic powder layer for subsequent laser sintering. For example, a powder spreading device for a small metal powder 3D printer is disclosed in announcement number CN104308148B.

[0003] However, in actual powder spreading, funnel-type powder spreading components cannot detect the uniformity of metal powder leaking from the outlet. Due to the inherent fluidity differences of metal powder, and the tendency for it to arch or bridge due to internal friction and adhesion within the funnel, some areas experience excessive powder falling while others are too thin or lack powder, resulting in uneven powder layer thickness after being spread on the workpiece surface. In areas with excessively thick powder layers, laser energy cannot penetrate completely, easily leading to insufficient sintering and excessively high internal porosity. Conversely, in areas with insufficiently thick powder layers, problems such as over-sintering, workpiece surface depressions, or even failure to form may occur.

[0004] To address this, a powder spreading component based on a metal 3D printer is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a powder spreading assembly for a metal 3D printer, comprising a horizontal slide rail, an L-shaped powder spreading bracket, a powder spreading funnel, a vertical slide rail, and a powder spreading chamber. One end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket is fixedly connected to the horizontal slide rail, and the other end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket is fixedly connected to the powder spreading funnel. The powder spreading chamber is fixedly disposed on the top of the vertical slide rail, and further comprises: A powder dispensing adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom opening of the powder spreading funnel, and the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the powder dispensing amount of the powder spreading funnel; Two partition plates are fixedly installed inside the powder spreading chamber, and the two partition plates divide the inside of the powder spreading chamber into a powder recovery area, a powder spreading area and a powder uniformity detection area; A lifting mechanism is installed inside the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading hopper, and the lifting mechanism is used to adjust the height of the workpiece inside the powder spreading area. Multiple uniformity detection mechanisms are fixedly installed inside the powder uniformity detection area of ​​the powder spreading hopper, and the multiple uniformity detection mechanisms are used to receive the powder discharged from the powder spreading funnel. A scanning mechanism is installed on the side wall of the powder spreading funnel, and the scanning mechanism is used to scan the workpiece at the top of the lifting mechanism and adjust its height; Two miniature vibrators are fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder spreading funnel, and the two miniature vibrators are located on both sides of the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism to improve the uniformity of powder dispensing. The horizontal slide rail, vertical slide rail, powder dispensing adjustment mechanism, lifting mechanism, uniformity detection mechanism, scanning mechanism and miniature vibrators are all electrically connected to the printer controller.

[0007] Preferably, the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism includes a powder dispensing pipe fixedly installed at the bottom opening of the powder spreading funnel, and an electric gate valve is fixedly installed on the wall of the powder dispensing pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes an electric push rod fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder spreading bin, and the electric push rod is located inside the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading bin, and a lifting plate is fixedly provided at the moving end of the electric push rod.

[0009] Preferably, the lifting plate is provided with annular sealing rings on all four sides, and the annular sealing rings are slidably in contact with the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the uniformity detection mechanism includes a weighing sensor fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder uniformity detection area of ​​the powder spreading hopper, and the top detection end of the weighing sensor is detachably provided with a powder receiving cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the top detection end of the weighing sensor is fixedly provided with a tray, and the bottom of the powder receiving cylinder is fixedly provided with a plurality of evenly distributed positioning rods, and the top of the tray is provided with positioning holes that are inserted and engaged with the plurality of positioning rods.

[0012] Preferably, the scanning mechanism includes an L-shaped scanning bracket fixedly mounted on the side wall of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket, one end of the L-shaped scanning bracket extending to one side of the powder spreading funnel and fixedly provided with a shock-absorbing seat, and the side wall of the shock-absorbing seat is fixedly provided with a laser 3D scanner by a mounting sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly provided inside the powder recovery area of ​​the powder spreading bin, and one end of the guide plate is inclined upward.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. Through the set powder dispensing adjustment mechanism and scanning mechanism, the scanning mechanism can perform a full-range scan of the workpiece's outline and dimensional parameters, providing accurate parameter basis for the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism. The powder dispensing adjustment mechanism can flexibly adjust the powder dispensing amount to match the workpiece's requirements. At the same time, in conjunction with the scanning mechanism's detection function, it provides a basic guarantee for subsequent accurate powder spreading and effectively avoids powder spreading defects caused by improper powder dispensing amount.

[0015] 2. Through the set lifting mechanism, which is based on the workpiece height related data obtained by the scanning mechanism, and with the help of the controller's precise calculation and control, the vertical displacement adjustment of the lifting plate is realized, thereby accurately calibrating the vertical distance between the workpiece and the powder outlet pipe at the bottom of the powder spreading funnel, ensuring that the distance is always within the optimal range for powder spreading, and providing reliable support for the uniformity and flatness of the powder spreading layer thickness.

[0016] 3. The uniformity detection mechanism is set up to receive and detect the discharged powder based on the powder output adjusted by the scanning mechanism. It can promptly determine whether the powder uniformity meets the requirements. If the detection does not meet the standard, it can facilitate timely troubleshooting and maintenance by staff, avoid sintering defects caused by uneven powder output from the source, and significantly improve the powder spreading quality and the forming effect of subsequent printed workpieces. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a first-view perspective perspective of a powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second-view perspective perspective of a powder-laying component for a metal 3D printer provided by the present invention. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of a powder-laying component for a metal 3D printer, provided by the present invention, after being cut open. Figure 4 This is a perspective view of a uniformity detection mechanism in a powder spreading component of a metal 3D printer provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view from a top angle showing the L-shaped powder spreading bracket, powder spreading funnel, and scanning mechanism in a powder spreading assembly for a metal 3D printer provided by the present invention. Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket, powder spreading funnel, and scanning mechanism in a powder spreading assembly for a metal 3D printer provided by the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Horizontal slide rail, 2. L-shaped powder spreading bracket, 3. Powder spreading funnel, 4. Longitudinal slide rail, 5. Powder spreading silo, 6. Powder discharge adjustment mechanism, 61. Powder discharge pipe, 62. Electric gate valve, 7. Divider plate, 8. Lifting mechanism, 81. Electric push rod, 82. Lifting plate, 83. Annular sealing ring, 9. Uniformity detection mechanism, 91. Weighing sensor, 92. Powder receiving cylinder, 93. Tray, 94. Positioning rod, 95. Positioning hole, 10. Scanning mechanism, 101. L-shaped scanning bracket, 102. Vibration damping seat, 103. Mounting sleeve, 104. Laser 3D scanner, 11. Miniature vibrator, 12. Guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a powder spreading assembly for a metal 3D printer includes a horizontal slide rail 1, an L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2, a powder spreading funnel 3, a vertical slide rail 4, and a powder spreading chamber 5. One end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2 is fixedly connected to the horizontal slide rail 1, and the other end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2 is fixedly connected to the powder spreading funnel 3. The powder spreading chamber 5 is fixedly disposed on the top of the vertical slide rail 4. The assembly also includes: The powder discharge adjustment mechanism 6 is located at the bottom opening of the powder spreading funnel 3, and is used to adjust the powder discharge amount of the powder spreading funnel 3. The powder discharge adjustment mechanism 6 includes a powder discharge pipe 61 fixedly installed at the bottom opening of the powder spreading funnel 3. An electric gate valve 62 is fixedly installed on the wall of the powder discharge pipe 61. By adjusting the opening degree of the electric gate valve 62, the amount of powder discharged through the powder discharge pipe 61 can be adjusted. A scraper (not shown in the figure) can be installed at the lower end of the powder discharge pipe 61 to smooth and comb the newly laid powder layer and improve the quality of powder spreading.

[0021] Two partition plates 7 are fixedly installed inside the powder spreading bin 5, and the two partition plates 7 divide the inside of the powder spreading bin 5 into a powder recovery area, a powder spreading area and a powder uniformity detection area. A guide plate 12 is fixedly installed inside the powder recovery area of ​​the powder spreading bin 5, and one end of the guide plate 12 is inclined upward. The guide plate 12 can guide the recovered powder to the bottom of the powder recovery area, which is convenient for the powder to be cleaned up in a concentrated manner. The lifting mechanism 8 is located inside the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading silo 5, and is used to adjust the height of the workpiece inside the powder spreading area. The lifting mechanism 8 includes an electric push rod 81 fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder spreading silo 5, and the electric push rod 81 is located inside the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading silo 5. The moving end of the electric push rod 81 is fixedly provided with a lifting plate 82. The four sides of the lifting plate 82 are all fixedly provided with annular sealing rings 83. The four sides of the annular sealing rings 83 are slidably contacted with the four sides of the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading silo 5. The annular sealing rings 83 can ensure the sealing of the lifting plate 82 when it moves up and down, and prevent powder from entering the gap between the lifting plate 82 and the powder spreading area.

[0022] Multiple uniformity detection mechanisms 9 are fixedly installed inside the powder uniformity detection area of ​​the powder spreading hopper 5, and the multiple uniformity detection mechanisms 9 are used to receive the powder discharged from the powder spreading funnel 3. The uniformity detection mechanism 9 includes a weighing sensor 91 fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder uniformity detection area of ​​the powder spreading hopper 5. The weighing sensor 91 adopts a sealed resistance strain gauge weighing sensor to avoid the problem that the weighing sensor 91 is easily affected by the dielectric constant of the powder. The top detection end of the weighing sensor 91 is detachably provided with a powder receiving cylinder 92. The top detection end of the weighing sensor 91 is fixedly provided with a tray 93. The bottom of the powder receiving cylinder 92 is fixedly surrounded by multiple evenly distributed positioning rods 94. The top of the tray 93 is provided with positioning holes 95 that are inserted and matched with the multiple positioning rods 94. When it is necessary to pour out the powder inside the powder receiving cylinder 92, the powder receiving cylinder 92 can be lifted directly upwards, so that the positioning rods 94 at the bottom of the powder receiving cylinder 92 can be taken out from the inside of the positioning holes 95, so that the powder receiving cylinder 92 and the weighing sensor 91 can be separated.

[0023] The scanning mechanism 10 is set on the side wall of the powder spreading funnel 3, and the scanning mechanism 10 is used to scan the workpiece at the top of the lifting mechanism 8 and adjust its height. The scanning mechanism 10 includes an L-shaped scanning bracket 101 fixedly set on the side wall of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2. One end of the L-shaped scanning bracket 101 extends to one side of the powder spreading funnel 3 and is fixedly provided with a shock absorber 102. The side wall of the shock absorber 102 is fixedly provided with a laser 3D scanner 104 through a mounting sleeve 103. The shock absorber 102 can be made of rubber, which has good elasticity and high-frequency vibration absorption capacity, and can effectively weaken the vibration transmitted to the laser 3D scanner 104 and avoid scanning data drift.

[0024] Two miniature vibrators 11 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder spreading funnel 3, and the two miniature vibrators 11 are located on both sides of the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism 6 to improve the uniformity of powder dispensing. The horizontal slide rail 1, the vertical slide rail 4, the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism 6, the lifting mechanism 8, the uniformity detection mechanism 9, the scanning mechanism 10 and the miniature vibrators 11 are all electrically connected to the printer controller.

[0025] The operating principle of the present invention is described as follows: During installation, the transverse slide rail 1 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the frame beam and longitudinal beam of the 3D printer by bolt fastening, ensuring that the powder spreading funnel 3 installed at the end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2 can be stably suspended in the area directly above the powder spreading chamber 5, and does not interfere with the inner wall of the powder spreading chamber 5 or other components. Then, the operator places the workpiece steadily on the upper surface of the lifting plate 82 to complete the preparation work before powder spreading. The operator issues a start command by operating the printer's controller. The horizontal slide rail 1 and the vertical slide rail 4 then work together. The horizontal slide rail 1 drives the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2 to move horizontally, while the vertical slide rail 4 simultaneously drives the powder spreading hopper 5 to move horizontally. Through their precise coordination, the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2 and its end powder spreading funnel 3 are smoothly moved to the top of the workpiece in the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading hopper 5. Then, the operator starts the laser 3D scanner 104 fixed on the L-shaped powder spreading bracket 2 through the controller. The laser 3D scanner 104 then performs a full-range scan of the workpiece's outline and dimensional parameters and records the scan data into the printer's controller system in real time. The system analyzes and calculates the workpiece's outline data, automatically determines and matches the powder spreading amount parameters required for the current workpiece, and then the horizontal slide rail 1 starts again, moving the powder spreading funnel 3 to the top of the preset powder uniformity detection area in the powder spreading hopper 5, ready to perform the powder uniformity detection operation. The printer's controller precisely controls the opening degree of the electric gate valve 62 based on the pre-entered parameters of the required powder output for the workpiece. This allows the metal powder stored inside the powder-spreading funnel 3 to be discharged downwards at a uniform speed through the powder outlet pipe 61. Simultaneously, the horizontal slide rail 1 and the vertical slide rail 4 work together to drive the powder outlet pipe 61 at the bottom of the powder-spreading funnel 3 along a preset path, sequentially passing directly above multiple evenly arranged receiving cylinders within the powder uniformity detection area. The discharged powder is then discharged into each receiving cylinder. Since a high-precision weighing sensor 91 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each receiving cylinder, the weighing sensor 91 detects the weight of the receiving cylinder and the powder collected inside in real time and transmits the detected weight data synchronously to the printer's controller. The controller summarizes and analyzes the received weight data to determine whether the weight of the powder collected in each receiving cylinder is within a preset value range. If the deviations of multiple weight values ​​are small and within the allowable range, it indicates that the uniformity of powder output from the powder spreading funnel 3 meets the requirements, and the subsequent powder spreading operation can proceed directly. If the deviations of multiple weight values ​​are large and exceed the allowable range, it indicates that the uniformity of powder output does not meet the standard. The staff needs to inspect and maintain the discharge port, electric gate valve 62, internal flow channel and other components of the powder spreading funnel 3. After troubleshooting, the uniformity of powder output should be tested again until the test results are qualified to ensure the quality of powder spreading. Throughout the powder dispensing process of the powder-spreading funnel 3, the printer controller will simultaneously activate two micro vibrators 11 installed on the side wall of the funnel near the discharge port. The high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration generated by the micro vibrators 11 can prevent powder from accumulating and clogging inside the funnel and at the powder dispensing pipe 61. At the same time, it can reduce the agglomeration between powder particles, so that the powder is discharged through the powder dispensing pipe 61 in a more uniform state, further improving the uniformity of powder dispensing and providing a reliable guarantee for the thickness consistency and flatness of the subsequent powder-spreading layer. After the laser 3D scanner 104 completes a full-range scan of the workpiece, the controller will automatically calculate the required adjustment amount of the lifting plate 82 based on the scan data, combined with the preset powder layer thickness requirements and equipment parameters, through the built-in algorithm. Then, the electric push rod 81 will be activated accordingly. The controller will control the extension and retraction stroke of the electric push rod 81 to drive the lifting plate 82, which is fixedly connected to it, to adjust its vertical displacement. If a certain area on the workpiece surface is found to be too high, the electric push rod 81 will be extended appropriately to drive the lifting plate 82 to move down as a whole. If the workpiece surface is found to be too low, the electric push rod 81 will be shortened accordingly to drive the lifting plate 82 to move up. This can accurately calibrate the vertical distance between the workpiece on the upper surface of the lifting plate 82 and the powder outlet pipe 61 at the bottom of the powder funnel 3. Ultimately, the distance between the two can be stably controlled within the optimal range that meets the current powder spreading requirements, providing a reliable distance guarantee for subsequent uniform powder spreading and precise sintering. After the powder uniformity test is passed and the workpiece height is adjusted to the optimal spacing for powder application, the printer controller automatically issues a shut-off command, and the electric gate valve 62 precisely resets and closes. Then, the operator issues a formal powder application command via the printer's touch controller. The horizontal slide rail 1 and the vertical slide rail 4 then start working in tandem, smoothly moving along the preset path, precisely moving the powder application funnel 3 and its bottom powder outlet pipe 61 to the area directly above the workpiece on the lifting plate 82, ensuring that the relative position of the powder outlet pipe 61 and the workpiece surface perfectly matches the powder application requirements. Immediately afterwards, the controller... Based on the preset powder output amount calculated from the laser 3D scanning data, the electric gate valve 62 is activated again and its opening degree is precisely controlled (to be consistent with the matching opening degree during powder uniformity testing). Under the action of gravity, the powder stored inside the powder spreading funnel 3, combined with the auxiliary fluidization effect of the micro vibrator 11, is discharged and spread evenly on the surface of the workpiece through the powder outlet pipe 61. At the same time, the transverse slide rail 1 and the longitudinal slide rail 4 drive the powder spreading funnel 3 to move smoothly along the planned trajectory, ensuring that the powder fully covers the area of ​​the workpiece to be powdered, and finally completing a precise and uniform powder spreading operation. After the powder spreading operation is completed, the staff sends a powder recycling command through the printer controller. The horizontal slide rail 1 and the vertical slide rail 4 then work together to smoothly drive the powder spreading funnel 3 and its bottom powder outlet pipe 61 to the powder recycling area inside the powder spreading chamber 5, following a preset interference-free path. At this time, the electric gate valve 62 of the powder spreading funnel 3 remains closed to prevent residual powder from accidentally spilling. The residual powder adhering to the inner wall of the powder outlet pipe 61 and the bottom of the funnel, as well as the remaining powder that has not been fully spread, are naturally guided to the collection device in the recycling area below, completing the centralized collection and recycling of the remaining powder. This lays a good foundation for the subsequent screening and reuse of powder and the cleaning and maintenance of the equipment.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A powder spreading assembly for a metal 3D printer, comprising a horizontal slide rail (1), an L-shaped powder spreading bracket (2), a powder spreading funnel (3), a vertical slide rail (4), and a powder spreading chamber (5), wherein one end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket (2) is fixedly connected to the horizontal slide rail (1), and the other end of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket (2) is fixedly connected to the powder spreading funnel (3), and the powder spreading chamber (5) is fixedly disposed on the top of the vertical slide rail (4), characterized in that, Also includes: The powder dispensing adjustment mechanism (6) is located at the bottom opening of the powder spreading funnel (3), and the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism (6) is used to adjust the amount of powder dispensed from the powder spreading funnel (3); Two partition plates (7) are fixedly installed inside the powder spreading chamber (5), and the two partition plates (7) divide the inside of the powder spreading chamber (5) into a powder recovery area, a powder spreading area and a powder uniformity detection area; The lifting mechanism (8) is located inside the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading bin (5), and the lifting mechanism (8) is used to adjust the height of the workpiece inside the powder spreading area; Multiple uniformity detection mechanisms (9) are fixedly installed inside the powder uniformity detection area of ​​the powder spreading hopper (5), and multiple uniformity detection mechanisms (9) are used to receive the powder discharged from the powder spreading funnel (3); The scanning mechanism (10) is set on the side wall of the powder spreading funnel (3), and the scanning mechanism (10) is used to scan the workpiece at the top of the lifting mechanism (8) and adjust its height; Two micro vibrators (11) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder spreading funnel (3), and the two micro vibrators (11) are located on both sides of the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism (6) to improve the uniformity of powder dispensing. The horizontal slide rail (1), the vertical slide rail (4), the powder dispensing adjustment mechanism (6), the lifting mechanism (8), the uniformity detection mechanism (9), the scanning mechanism (10) and the micro vibrators (11) are all electrically connected to the printer controller.

2. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder discharge adjustment mechanism (6) includes a powder discharge pipe (61) fixedly installed at the bottom opening of the powder spreading funnel (3), and an electric gate valve (62) is fixedly installed on the wall of the powder discharge pipe (61).

3. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (8) includes an electric push rod (81) fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder spreading bin (5), and the electric push rod (81) is located inside the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading bin (5). The moving end of the electric push rod (81) is fixedly provided with a lifting plate (82).

4. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lifting plate (82) is fixedly provided with annular sealing rings (83) on all four sides, and the annular sealing rings (83) are slidably contacted with the powder spreading area of ​​the powder spreading chamber (5).

5. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The uniformity detection mechanism (9) includes a weighing sensor (91) fixedly installed at the bottom of the powder uniformity detection area of ​​the powder spreading hopper (5), and the top detection end of the weighing sensor (91) is detachably provided with a powder receiving cylinder (92).

6. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top detection end of the weighing sensor (91) is fixedly provided with a tray (93), and the bottom of the powder receiving cylinder (92) is fixedly provided with a plurality of evenly distributed positioning rods (94), and the top of the tray (93) is provided with positioning holes (95) that are inserted and cooperate with the plurality of positioning rods (94).

7. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scanning mechanism (10) includes an L-shaped scanning bracket (101) fixedly mounted on the side wall of the L-shaped powder spreading bracket (2). One end of the L-shaped scanning bracket (101) extends to one side of the powder spreading funnel (3) and is fixedly provided with a shock-absorbing seat (102). The side wall of the shock-absorbing seat (102) is fixedly provided with a laser 3D scanner (104) through an mounting sleeve (103).

8. The powder spreading component for a metal 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder recovery area of ​​the powder spreading bin (5) is fixedly provided with a guide plate (12), and one end of the guide plate (12) is inclined upward.

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