A generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure and its absorption refrigeration system

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of absorption refrigeration technology, specifically a generator with a high-efficiency demisting structure and its absorption refrigeration system. It includes a generator body with a demisting structure on top. The demisting structure comprises a shell and a tube box, which are fixedly connected by a connecting flange. A vertical sieve plate module is fixedly connected inside the shell for gas-liquid separation of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The top of the shell has a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet, and the bottom of the shell has multiple high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets. The absorption refrigeration system includes an absorber, evaporator, condenser, precooler, GAX heat exchanger, and GVX heat exchanger, and also includes the aforementioned generator with a high-efficiency demisting structure. By setting up a vertical sieve plate demisting structure, this invention can quickly and comprehensively demistate the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator, thereby effectively improving the overall refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of absorption refrigeration technology, and in particular to a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure and its absorption refrigeration system. Background Technology

[0002] Absorption refrigeration systems utilize a binary solution as the working fluid, where the low-boiling-point component is used as the refrigerant, i.e., its evaporation is used for refrigeration, and the high-boiling-point component is used as the absorbent, i.e., its absorption of refrigerant vapor is used to complete the working cycle.

[0003] For example, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration system uses pure water as a refrigerant. It achieves its refrigeration function by evaporating pure water in a high vacuum environment and absorbing heat. The refrigerant vapor after absorbing heat and evaporating is absorbed, transported, heated and regenerated by the lithium bromide solution, condensed, and then returns to a liquid state to absorb heat and evaporate again, continuously carrying out the refrigeration cycle.

[0004] In absorption refrigeration systems, the condenser, evaporator, absorber, and generator are the main components for realizing the refrigeration cycle. Currently, the generator in absorption refrigeration units mostly adopts the structure of a reboiler (BKU) with gas-liquid separation elements (baffles, wire mesh demisters) installed in the gas chamber on the vessel body to separate the gas and liquid refrigerant gas released from the vessel body.

[0005] However, the gas-liquid separation element structure on existing generators is relatively simple, making it difficult to fully and effectively separate the gaseous refrigerant into gas and liquid components, thus affecting the overall refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration system. Summary of the Invention

[0006] 1. Technical problems to be solved

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that the gas-liquid separation element structure on the generator in the prior art is relatively simple and cannot fully and effectively separate the gaseous refrigerant into gas and liquid components. Therefore, this invention proposes a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure and its absorption refrigeration system.

[0008] 2. Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, a generator with a high-efficiency demisting structure is provided, including a generator body, wherein a demisting structure is provided above the generator body for demisting the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the generator body; the demisting structure includes a shell and a pipe box, wherein the pipe box and the shell are fixedly connected by a connecting flange, and a vertical sieve plate module is fixedly connected inside the shell for gas-liquid separation of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

[0011] The top of the housing is provided with a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet for discharging the defoamed high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The bottom of the housing is provided with multiple high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets, which are connected to the top of the generator body for introducing the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator body into the housing.

[0012] The top of the tubing box is provided with a rich liquid inlet for introducing rich liquid, and the bottom of the tubing box is provided with multiple rich liquid outlets. The rich liquid outlets are connected to the generator body and are used to introduce rich liquid into the generator body.

[0013] In some possible implementations, the vertical sieve plate module includes a tray and multiple vertical sieve plates. The tray is horizontally arranged inside the housing, with one end of the tray abutting against the inner wall of the tube box. The end of the tray away from the tube box is provided with a downcomer for introducing rich liquid into the lower part of the tray. The multiple vertical sieve plates are all fixed to the top of the tray. The tray is provided with a vent corresponding to the vertical sieve plates for introducing high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the vertical sieve plates.

[0014] In some possible implementations, a baffle is fixedly connected to the inner top of the tube box, and a flow channel is provided between the baffle and the tray to guide the rich liquid to the vertical sieve plate. A liquid level sensor is provided on the side of the baffle away from the vertical sieve plate to monitor the liquid level above the tray.

[0015] In some possible implementations, an overflow weir is fixedly connected to the top of the tray near the downcomer to maintain the liquid level above the tray.

[0016] In some possible implementations, a first wire mesh demister is installed inside the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet, and a second wire mesh demister is provided below the tower plate. The two ends of the second wire mesh demister abut against the inner wall of the shell and the tube box, respectively, for demisting the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

[0017] In some possible implementations, a flow control valve is provided on the rich liquid outlet to control the flow rate of the rich liquid introduced into the generator body, and one-way valves are installed in each of the multiple high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets to prevent the rich liquid from flowing into the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets.

[0018] In some possible implementations, guide plates are fixedly connected to the inner top of the shell and the bottom of the tray to guide the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

[0019] In some possible implementations, the vertical sieve plate includes a cap and a top plate. The cap is surrounded by multiple injection holes to suppress mist entrainment. A bottom gap is provided between the cap and the tower plate for the introduction of rich liquid into the cap. The top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the cap by multiple connecting rods. A top gap is provided between the top plate and the cap to suppress mist entrainment. An arc-shaped guide tube is provided inside the cap. The arc-shaped guide tube is fixedly connected to the top of the vent to prevent rich liquid from flowing directly into the vent.

[0020] Secondly, an absorption refrigeration system is provided, including an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a precooler, a GAX heat exchanger, and a GVX heat exchanger, and also including the aforementioned generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure.

[0021] In some possible implementations, the rich liquid outlet of the GAX heat exchanger is connected to the rich liquid inlet of the demister structure to introduce the rich liquid into the demister structure, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the demister structure is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser to introduce the demisted high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the condenser.

[0022] 3. Beneficial effects

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0024] (1) In this invention, by setting a vertical sieve plate type defoaming structure, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator can be defoamed quickly and comprehensively, thereby effectively improving the overall refrigeration efficiency of the refrigeration system.

[0025] (2) In this invention, the vertical sieve plate module can convert high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-speed airflow jet, which impacts and breaks the liquid-rich layer on the tower plate, forming a jet-like contact with violent mixing of gas and liquid phases. This not only improves the mass transfer efficiency, but also comprehensively and quickly defoams the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

[0026] (3) In this invention, the liquid level sensor can monitor the rich liquid level above the tray; when the rich liquid level is too low, the rich liquid pumping rate of the solution pump can be increased; when the rich liquid level is too high, the flow control valve is adjusted to the fully open position and the rich liquid pumping rate of the solution pump is reduced, thereby ensuring the defoaming effect of the defoaming structure on the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the tower plate in a generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure along the aa direction;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the arc-shaped guide tube in a generator with a high-efficiency defogging structure proposed in this invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the absorption refrigeration system proposed in this invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Generator body; 101. Heat source inlet; 102. Heat source outlet; 103. Lean liquid outlet; 104. Heat exchange structure; 2. Shell; 3. Pipe box; 4. Connecting flange; 5. High-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet; 6. High-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet; 7. Rich liquid inlet; 8. Rich liquid outlet; 9. Tray; 10. Vertical sieve plate; 1001. Cap; 1002. Top plate; 1003. Injection hole; 1004. Bottom clearance; 1005. Connecting rod; 1006. Top clearance; 1007. Arc-shaped guide tube; 11. Downcomer; 12. Vent; 13. Baffle; 14. Liquid level sensor; 15. Overflow weir; 16. First wire mesh demister; 17. Flow control valve; 18. Check valve; 19. Guide plate; 20. Second wire mesh demister. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figure 1 A generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure includes a generator body 1. The generator body 1 includes a heat source inlet 101, a heat source outlet 102, a heat exchange structure 104, and a lean liquid outlet 103. The heat source inlet 101 is used to introduce a low-grade heat source and heat the rich liquid through the heat exchange structure 104 to generate high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid. A defoaming structure is provided above the generator body 1 for defoaming the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant discharged from the generator body 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, the defogging structure includes a housing 2 and a pipe box 3. The pipe box 3 and the housing 2 are fixedly connected by a connecting flange 4. The pipe box 3 can be disassembled to facilitate cleaning and maintenance of the pipe box 3 and the housing 2. A vertical sieve plate module is fixedly connected inside the housing 2 for gas-liquid separation of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

[0037] In this embodiment, the top of the shell 2 is provided with a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5 for discharging the defoamed high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. A first wire mesh demister 16 is installed inside the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5 for further defoaming the discharged high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. A second wire mesh demister 20 is provided below the tower plate 9. The two ends of the second wire mesh demister 20 abut against the inner walls of the shell 2 and the tube box 3, respectively, to assist in defoaming the introduced high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The mesh diameter of the second wire mesh demister 20 is larger than that of the first wire mesh demister 16 to ensure the smooth flow of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant at the second wire mesh demister 20.

[0038] In this embodiment of the application, the bottom of the housing 2 is provided with a plurality of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets 6, which are connected to the top of the generator body 1 and are used to introduce the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator body 1 into the housing 2.

[0039] In this embodiment, the top of the tube box 3 is provided with a rich liquid inlet 7 for introducing the rich liquid after heat exchange by the GAX heat exchanger. The bottom of the tube box 3 is provided with multiple rich liquid outlets 8, which are connected to the generator body 1 and are used to introduce the rich liquid into the generator body 1. A flow control valve 17 is provided on the rich liquid outlet 8 for controlling the flow rate of the rich liquid introduced into the generator body 1. One-way valves 18 are installed in multiple high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets 6 to prevent the rich liquid from flowing into the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets 6.

[0040] Among some possible implementations, refer to Figures 2-3 The vertical sieve plate module includes a tower plate 9 and multiple vertical sieve plates 10. The tower plate 9 is horizontally arranged inside the shell 2. The top of the shell 2 and the bottom of the tower plate 9 are both fixedly connected to guide plates 19, which play a guiding role for high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. One end of the tower plate 9 abuts against the inner wall of the tube box 3. The end of the tower plate 9 away from the tube box 3 is provided with a downcomer 11, which is used to guide the rich liquid overflowing from the overflow weir 15 to the bottom of the tower plate 9.

[0041] In this embodiment, multiple vertical sieve plates 10 are fixed to the top of the tower plate 9. The tower plate 9 is provided with vents 12 corresponding to the vertical sieve plates 10, which are used to introduce high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the vertical sieve plates 10. An overflow weir 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the tower plate 9 near the liquid dropper 11, which is used to maintain the liquid level above the tower plate 9.

[0042] Among some possible implementations, refer to Figures 4-5The vertical sieve plate 10 includes a cap 1001 and a top plate 1002. The cap 1001 is surrounded by multiple injection holes 1003 to suppress mist entrainment. At the same time, when the rising high-pressure gaseous refrigerant passes through the injection holes, it is given a horizontal or downward injection velocity to form a high-speed airflow. This directional airflow directly impacts the liquid layer on the tower plate 9, breaking the liquid phase into fine droplets, liquid mist or foam, greatly increasing the gas-liquid contact area. A bottom gap 1004 is provided between the cap 1001 and the tower plate 9 for the introduction of rich liquid into the cap 1001.

[0043] In this embodiment, the top plate 1002 and the top of the cap 1001 are fixedly connected by multiple connecting rods 1005. A top gap 1006 is provided between the top plate 1002 and the cap 1001 to provide a gas phase rising channel, reduce flow resistance, and suppress mist entrainment and avoid back mixing. An arc-shaped guide tube 1007 is provided inside the cap 1001. The arc-shaped guide tube 1007 is fixedly connected to the top of the vent 12 to prevent the rich liquid from flowing directly into the vent 12.

[0044] In this embodiment, a baffle 13 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the tube box 3 to reduce the impact of the rich liquid on the vertical sieve plate 10. A flow channel is provided between the baffle 13 and the tower plate 9 to guide the rich liquid to the vertical sieve plate 10. A liquid level sensor 14 is provided on the side of the baffle 13 away from the vertical sieve plate 10 to monitor the liquid level above the tower plate 9 and prevent the liquid level above the tower plate 9 from being too high or too low.

[0045] In this embodiment, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is generated inside the generator body 1 and introduced into the shell 2 through the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet 6. At the same time, rich liquid is introduced into the upper part of the tray 9 through the rich liquid inlet 7. Under the action of the overflow weir 15, the rich liquid forms a liquid layer of a certain thickness on the surface of the tray 9. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the cap 1001 through the vent 12 and drives the rich liquid to be sprayed out from multiple injection holes 1003 through the bottom gap 1004. While exchanging heat with the liquid layer, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is defoamed. Subsequently, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows upward through the injection holes 1003 and the top gap 1006 and is discharged from the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5, while the droplets sprayed from the injection holes fall back into the liquid layer.

[0046] Among some possible implementations, refer to Figure 6 An absorption refrigeration system includes an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a precooler, a GAX heat exchanger, and a GVX heat exchanger, and also includes the aforementioned generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure.

[0047] In this embodiment, the rich liquid outlet of the GAX heat exchanger is connected to the rich liquid inlet 7 of the demister structure to introduce the rich liquid into the demister structure. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet 5 of the demister structure is connected to the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser to introduce the demisted high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the condenser.

[0048] In this embodiment, a heat source enters the generator body 1 to heat the rich liquid inside the generator body 1. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by heating is defoamed by the defoaming structure and then enters the condenser to be cooled into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is then heat-exchanged by the GVX heat exchanger and then enters the evaporator for cooling. The lean liquid generated by the generator body 1 is heat-exchanged by the GAX heat exchanger and then enters the precooler. It is then depressurized by the pressure reducing valve and enters the absorber, where it absorbs the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the evaporator to form a rich liquid. The rich liquid is then repressurized by the solution pump and introduced into the GAX heat exchanger for heat exchange. After heat exchange, the rich liquid enters the defoaming structure to defoam the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and then enters the generator body 1 for circulation.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A generator with a high-efficiency defoaming structure, comprising a generator body (1), characterized in that, The upper part of the generator body (1) is provided with a defoaming structure for defoaming the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant led out of the generator body (1); the defoaming structure comprises a shell (2) and a pipe box (3), the pipe box (3) and the shell (2) are fixedly connected through a connecting flange (4), and a vertical sieve plate module is fixedly connected in the shell (2) and used for separating gas and liquid of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant; A high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (5) is arranged at the top of the shell (2) and used for leading out the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant after defoaming, and a plurality of high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets (6) are arranged at the bottom of the shell (2) and used for communicating with the top of the generator body (1) and leading the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant generated by the generator body (1) into the shell (2); A rich liquid inlet (7) is arranged at the top of the pipe box (3) and used for leading in the rich liquid, and a plurality of rich liquid outlets (8) are arranged at the bottom of the pipe box (3) and used for communicating with the generator body (1) and leading the rich liquid into the generator body (1); The vertical sieve plate module comprises a tower plate (9) and a plurality of vertical sieve plates (10), the tower plate (9) is horizontally arranged in the shell (2), one end of the tower plate (9) abuts against the inner wall of the pipe box (3), a liquid falling port (11) is arranged at the end of the tower plate (9) away from the pipe box (3) and used for leading the rich liquid into the lower part of the tower plate (9), and the plurality of vertical sieve plates (10) are fixed to the top of the tower plate (9); the tower plate (9) is provided with air vents (12) corresponding to the vertical sieve plates (10) and used for leading the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into the vertical sieve plates (10); A first wire mesh demister (16) is arranged in the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (5), and a second wire mesh demister (20) is arranged below the tower plate (9) and abuts against the inner walls of the shell (2) and the pipe box (3) at both ends, so as to defoam the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant; The vertical sieve plate (10) comprises a cap cover (1001) and a top plate (1002), a plurality of spray holes (1003) are arranged around the cap cover (1001) and used for inhibiting entrainment of mist, a bottom gap (1004) is arranged between the cap cover (1001) and the tower plate (9) and used for leading the rich liquid into the cap cover (1001), the top plate (1002) is fixedly connected to the top of the cap cover (1001) through a plurality of connecting rods (1005), a top gap (1006) is arranged between the top plate (1002) and the cap cover (1001) and used for inhibiting entrainment of mist, and an arc-shaped flow guide cylinder (1007) is arranged in the cap cover (1001) and fixedly connected to the top of the air vent (12), so as to prevent the rich liquid from directly flowing into the air vent (12).

2. A generator with high efficiency defoaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner top of the pipe box (3) is fixedly connected with a partition plate (13), a flow channel is arranged between the partition plate (13) and the tray (9), and the flow channel is used for guiding the rich liquid to the vertical sieve plate (10); a liquid level sensor (14) is arranged on the side of the partition plate (13) away from the vertical sieve plate (10), and the liquid level sensor (14) is used for monitoring the liquid level above the tray (9).

3. A generator having a high efficiency defoaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the tray (9) near one end of the liquid downcomer (11) is fixedly connected with an overflow weir (15), and the overflow weir (15) is used for maintaining the height of the liquid layer above the tray (9).

4. The generator with high efficiency defoaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flow control valve (17) is arranged on the rich liquid outlet (8), the flow control valve (17) is used for controlling the flow of the rich liquid introduced into the generator body (1), and a one-way valve (18) is arranged in each of the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets (6), so that the rich liquid is prevented from flowing into the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlets (6).

5. The generator with high efficiency defoaming structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner top of the shell (2) and the bottom of the tray (9) are fixedly connected with flow guide plates (19), and the flow guide plates (19) are used for guiding the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant.

6. An absorption refrigeration system comprising an absorber, an evaporator, a condenser, a precooler, a GAX heat exchanger, and a GVX heat exchanger, characterized by, The generator also comprises the generator with the high-efficiency defoaming structure as claimed in any one of claims 1-5.

7. An absorption refrigeration system as claimed in claim 6, wherein The rich liquid outlet of the GAX heat exchanger is communicated with the rich liquid inlet (7) of the defoaming structure, the rich liquid inlet (7) is used for guiding the rich liquid into the defoaming structure, the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (5) of the defoaming structure is communicated with the gaseous refrigerant inlet of the condenser, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet (5) is used for guiding the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant after defoaming into the condenser.

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