Cigarette smoking behavior bionic device and smoke sensing and measuring method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device and a smoke sensing and measuring method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cigarette measurement. A mainstream smoke channel bionic unit of the device comprises a bionic cavity; the bionic cavity channel comprises an oral cavity, a pharyngeal cavity, a trachea and a nasal cavity of a bionic human body; an oral cavity air inlet valve and a cigarette inserting pipe valve are arranged at the mouth position of the oral cavity; a nostril air check valve is arranged at the nostril position of the nasal cavity; a smoke collecting film and a temperature and pressure drop measuring unit are arranged in the bionic cavity; a gravity check valve is arranged at the pharyngeal cavity; the lung bionic unit comprises a lung capacity adjusting ball and a bionic lung; the bionic lung is communicated with the bionic cavity; the lung capacity adjusting ball is located in the bionic lung; and the bionic lung is also communicated with the smoking machine and the swallowing machine. The smoke flow field state in the real smoking process can be reproduced, the smoke deposition amount of each key part is accurately quantified, and a series of defects that when a current bionic device conducts smoking simulation, compared with the real smoking condition of a human body, obvious deviation still exists are overcome.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mainstream smoke measurement, and particularly relates to a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device and a mainstream smoke sensing and measuring method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] During the smoking process, tobacco, spices and the like will generate complex reactions and generate mainstream smoke due to high-temperature combustion. The mainstream smoke is a complex high-temperature aerosol system, containing more than 7000 components. After entering the oral cavity, the mainstream smoke passes through the pharynx, larynx, trachea and reaches the lungs, and is then exhaled from the nasal cavity or the oral cavity and the nasal cavity. In this process, the mainstream smoke contacts and penetrates the mucosa of the oral cavity and the nasal cavity, producing taste, smell and temperature and touch stimuli, thereby realizing the sensing of the quality of the mainstream smoke. Therefore, the flow state, chemical composition and particle size distribution of the mainstream smoke are core elements affecting the sensing of consumers.

[0003] In the related art, there is a scheme for simulating the human smoking process by using a bionic smoking device. However, this scheme can only simulate the smoking and exhalation process of a human being, and cannot simulate the behaviors of smoking, swallowing and exhalation during the smoking process and the behavior characteristics of the static state and intermittent state of the mainstream smoke therebetween. In addition, the bionic device does not truly simulate the configuration of the oral cavity and the nasal cavity of a human being, and only abstracts them as simple shapes, so that the bionic device still deviates greatly from the actual smoking process of a human being. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device and a mainstream smoke sensing and measuring method thereof, which realizes accurate simulation of the human smoking process.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical scheme: In a first aspect, a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device is provided, comprising: a mainstream smoke passage bionic unit, a lung bionic unit and a control unit. The mainstream smoke passage bionic unit comprises a bionic cavity; the bionic cavity comprises an oral cavity, a pharyngeal cavity, a trachea and a nasal cavity of a bionic human being; a mouth part position of the oral cavity is provided with an oral cavity air inlet valve and a cigarette insertion pipe valve; a nostril position of the nasal cavity is provided with a nostril air closing valve; a smoke collecting membrane and a temperature pressure drop measuring unit are arranged in the bionic cavity; a gravity check valve is arranged at the pharyngeal cavity; The lung bionic unit comprises a lung capacity adjusting ball and a bionic lung; the bionic lung is in communication with the bionic cavity; the lung capacity adjusting ball is located in the bionic lung; the bionic lung is also in communication with a smoking machine and a swallowing machine; The cigarette insertion pipe valve, the oral cavity air inlet valve, the nostril air closing valve, the temperature pressure drop measuring unit, the smoking machine and the swallowing machine are in communication connection with the control unit.

[0006] Further, a plurality of lung capacity adjusting balls are arranged in the bionic lung.

[0007] The plurality of lung volume adjusting balls are of the same size or different sizes.

[0008] Further, the smoking machine and the swallowing machine each comprise a cylinder, a piston and an air inlet; The cylinder is provided with an air inlet; the air inlet is in communication with the bionic lung; The cylinder is provided with a piston, and the piston is movable along the cylinder; the piston drives the main stream smoke in the bionic lung to enter the cylinder or press the main stream smoke in the cylinder into the bionic lung.

[0009] Further, the smoking machine is located at one end of the bionic lung close to the bionic cavity; The swallowing machine is located at one end of the bionic lung away from the bionic cavity.

[0010] Further, the main stream smoke suction capacity of the swallowing machine is equal to the sum of the effective main stream smoke capacity of the bionic lung and the main stream smoke capacity of the bionic cavity.

[0011] Further, the cavity wall of the bionic lung is in communication with a constant-temperature water source; The tongue body in the oral cavity of the bionic cavity is of a hollow structure, and the tongue body cavity is in communication with the constant-temperature water source.

[0012] Further, the device further comprises a cigarette lighter; the cigarette lighter is in communication connection with the control unit; The cigarette lighter is used for igniting the cigarette inserted in the cigarette insertion pipe.

[0013] Further, the bionic cavity is provided with a smoke collection film at the tongue tip, the tongue surface, the tongue side, the tongue root part, the hard palate part, the cheek wall part, the pharyngeal wall part, the lower part of the nasal cavity and the nasal cavity dome part.

[0014] Further, two oral air inlet valves are arranged at the mouth position of the oral cavity; the cigarette insertion pipe valve is located in the middle of the mouth position; and the two oral air inlet valves are located on both sides of the cigarette insertion pipe valve.

[0015] In a second aspect, a smoke sensing and measuring method of the bionic device for simulating the cigarette smoking behavior is provided, and the method comprises the following steps: The nasal air closing valve and the oral air inlet valve are closed, and the cigarette insertion pipe valve is opened; The cigarette is inserted into the cigarette insertion pipe valve, and the cigarette is ignited; The control unit controls the smoking machine to start suction, and the main stream smoke generated by the burning of the cigarette enters the oral cavity of the bionic cavity; When the smoking machine reaches the complete suction state, the suction duration is maintained; The control unit controls the oral air inlet valve to be opened and the cigarette insertion pipe valve to be closed, and the swallowing machine starts suction; after the air and the main stream smoke in the oral cavity are mixed, the mixture enters the bionic lung through the bionic cavity; when the swallowing machine reaches the complete suction state, the main stream smoke exhaling duration is maintained; The control unit controls the puffing machine and the swallowing machine to exhale, so that the main stream of smoke in the bionic lung is discharged into the nasal cavity of the bionic cavity, and is discharged from the nasal cavity. The pressure drop and temperature of the oral cavity during the suction and exhalation of the puffing machine and the swallowing machine are obtained.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: The bionic device for cigarette smoking behavior according to the present application is constructed according to the anatomical characteristics of the oral cavity and the upper respiratory tract, and a bionic cavity containing the oral cavity, the pharyngeal cavity, the trachea and the nasal cavity of the bionic human body is constructed. The human smoking behavior characteristics are completely reproduced by combining the puffing machine and the swallowing machine, a new smoking behavior bionic device is built, and the smoke flow field state in the real smoking process can be reproduced, including the complex turbulent flow in the oral cavity, the vortex effect in the nasal cavity and the throat, so that the smoke flow velocity distribution, the residence time in each cavity and the actual smoking process of the human body are highly consistent.

[0017] The puffing machine + puffing machine, bionic lung + capacity adjusting ball and other means are used to realize the gradient smoking mode of cigarettes under different smoking depths, and the universality of the equipment is significantly improved, and the targeted design of personalized experiments is widely supported.

[0018] The smoke perception measurement method adopts the combination of scientific layout of adsorption film and application of bionic saliva, can accurately quantify the deposition amount of each region, and accurately represents the correlation between the smoke composition, the sensing site partition threshold and the chemical quantitative detection through the chemical component analysis of each part, and provides an actual, efficient and convenient experimental platform and quantitative analysis method for the digital design of cigarette products, the research on the reduction of harm technology and the perception mechanism of cigarette quality in the tobacco industry.

[0019] The advantages of the additional aspects of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be known by the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings accompanying the specification of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present application, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute improper limitation on the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device is provided for the present application; Figure 2 A control principle diagram of a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device is provided for the present application; Figure 3 A flowchart of a smoke perception measurement method is provided for the present application; Figure 4The time sequence distribution diagram of the human perception pressure drop and suction resistance in the smoking process is provided in the present application. Figure 5 The time sequence distribution diagram of the suction resistance of the cigarette in the burning state is provided in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only and is intended to provide further description of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only intended to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, they indicate the presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] In the present application, the terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", "connected" and the like should be understood broadly, which means that it can be fixedly connected, integrally connected or detachably connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For relevant researchers or technicians in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be determined according to the specific circumstances, and it should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0026] Example 1 The research on the taste, quality and particulate deposition of cigarettes is a hot spot in the tobacco industry. During the smoking process, due to high temperature combustion, tobacco, spices and other materials will undergo complex reactions and generate mainstream smoke. Mainstream smoke is a complex high-temperature aerosol system, containing more than 7000 components. After entering the oral cavity, the mainstream smoke passes through the pharynx, larynx, trachea to the lungs, and then reversely from the nasal cavity, or through the oral and nasal cavities. In this process, the mainstream smoke contacts and penetrates the mucosa of the oral and nasal cavities, producing taste, smell and temperature, touch and other stimuli, thereby realizing the perception of the quality of the mainstream smoke. Therefore, the flow state, chemical composition and particle size distribution of the mainstream smoke are the core elements affecting the perception of consumers.

[0027] Currently, there are two methods for evaluating the sensory quality of cigarettes: artificial evaluation and bionic smoking machine evaluation. However, artificial evaluation is highly subjective and less quantitative. Although the methods of capturing the particulate matter in mainstream smoke by using a Cambridge filter or by using a solvent to absorb the mainstream smoke can provide some reference for the smoking perception of consumers, the traditional smoking machine can only simulate the clock curve smoking process of the mainstream smoke in the oral cavity, and cannot simulate the whole process of the mainstream smoke from the mouth, pharynx, trachea to the lungs and back to the nasal cavity, and cannot quantitatively analyze the deposition of particulate matter in each part, which has great limitations.

[0028] In order to analyze the correlation between physiological perception and the distribution of components in mainstream smoke, it is necessary to carry out bionic simulation experiments of the whole process of mainstream smoke, so as to provide quantitative reference for the physiological perception mechanism of cigarettes.

[0029] In order to solve the above problems, the tobacco industry has developed many bionic smoking devices for mainstream smoke, such as a device designed by Li Jun to simulate the absorption of mainstream smoke by human sensory organs. The device uses a smoking machine to smoke a cigarette to generate mainstream smoke, which passes through a rotating glass bottle with saliva and a glass gas absorption bottle in turn. The rotating glass bottle and the glass gas absorption bottle are used to simulate the oral cavity and the nasal cavity and collect the attached substances in the mainstream smoke. Liu Xin designed a new bionic smoking device to simulate the exposure of mainstream smoke to the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract, in which the human oral cavity and throat are replaced by a cylindrical glass and a tubular glass. Zeng Shitong designed a device to simulate the deposition of mainstream smoke in the oral cavity, in which a cylindrical glass cavity was selected as the oral cavity simulation, a constant temperature device was set outside the cavity to simulate the temperature of the oral cavity, and filter paper coated with artificial saliva was placed on the inner wall as the deposition carrier of mainstream smoke. Song Xiaofei designed a bionic smoking device to simulate the astringency during smoking. The mainstream smoke flows through the columnar oral cavity bionic channel and then enters the Cambridge filter mechanism, in which a saliva supply device is added outside the bionic oral cavity mechanism to simulate the oral cavity environment.

[0030] Although the mainstream smoke biomimetic smoking devices above have their own advantages, they all have common limitations, that is, they can only simulate the process of human smoking and exhaling, and cannot simulate the behaviors of smoking, swallowing and exhaling during the consumer's smoking process and the behaviors between the above behaviors, the static and intermittent suction of mainstream smoke, and cannot truly simulate the configuration of human oral cavity and nasal cavity, and only abstract it as a simple shape, so the above biomimetic devices still deviate from the real human smoking situation. The main problems are: first, the simulation of the mainstream smoke flow field is distorted, and the simplified configuration cannot reproduce the turbulent flow and vortex effect in the real oral cavity and upper respiratory tract, so that the mainstream smoke flow velocity distribution and residence time in the cavity deviate from the actual smoking process; second, due to the absence of real physiological structure, the deposition position and amount of harmful substances in the mainstream smoke cannot be accurately simulated, resulting in deviation of the deposition state of the mainstream smoke from the fact; third, it fails to achieve quantitative analysis of the composition of the mainstream smoke and technical correlation with human physiological partition perception and perception threshold; fourth, the above smoking modes do not consider the mainstream smoke swallowing into the lung process, the mainstream smoke static settling process, the influence of the intermittent suction of the natural breathing on the attached particles, and other problems.

[0031] To solve the above problems, Chen Siyu developed a kind of bionic smoking based on organ chip to study the mainstream smoke sweetness characterization. Although the design of this smoking machine refers to the 3D oral image, it still uses connecting pipes to simulate the process of mainstream smoke flowing through the oral cavity, nasal cavity, throat, and trachea. It does not use a real human oral cavity model, and the simulation degree is low. It does not avoid the occurrence of the above four common problem defects. The "mainstream smoke absorption device, bionic device simulating cigarette smoking, and control method" patent adds a cylindrical simplified absorption cavity of non-anatomical structures such as lung cavity and nasal cavity. It applies for related structure combination rights of double suction device, three negative pressure devices, and three absorption cavities. However, the suction machine position (equivalent to the tip of the tongue), the three negative pressure devices are located at the tail end of the three absorption cavities, all deviating from the normal human smoking principle (only in the lung expansion and contraction). The typical double suction device operation logic is: first smoking machine smoking - first smoking machine discharging mainstream smoke into the inlet cavity - second smoking machine sucking air - second smoking machine discharging air to push the mainstream smoke in the oral cavity into the lung cavity, and then smoking the second time (second cycle). The second mouthful of mainstream smoke is pushed into the oral cavity while the first cycle of mainstream smoke is pushed into the nasal cavity. This cycle is repeated. Other structure combinations are similar. In addition to the above structure design and operation principle defects, the patent application does not consider the problem of the settlement of mainstream smoke particles in the smoking machine, which seriously affects the results. It also does not consider the inevitable mixing of mainstream smoke and air, which cannot guarantee that air can completely transfer mainstream smoke to the next absorption cavity. The overall operation principle and test results have a large degree of uncertainty. In addition, the "bionic cigarette smoking and mainstream smoke collection system and its application" patent application describes a 3D bionic technology principle that completely replicates and prints the oral cavity, nasal cavity, lung cavity, and pharyngeal cavity (throat). However, the use of elastic material in the air flow channel will result in a large uncertainty in the flow rate of mainstream smoke in and out. It does not design a communication control element between the breathing machine and the lung cavity, pharyngeal cavity, oral cavity, and nasal cavity, forming a communication device effect, resulting in disordered flow of inhaled and exhaled mainstream smoke. Its proposed "lung bionic expansion and contraction" as the function principle of inhalation and exhalation is still difficult to achieve according to the text. In addition, the suction capacity control of the breathing machine has two contradictions. If human tidal volume (500 mL or more) is used as the design basis, the powerful airflow may blow the cigarette away during the simulation of mainstream smoke exhalation, causing the test to be interrupted. If human smoking capacity (30-55 mL) is used, the mainstream smoke cannot enter the bionic lung, resulting in the failure of the entire test. Therefore, even if we do not consider the numerous technical detail defects in the file (such as the difficulty of the air heater to adjust the temperature to a constant temperature and the impact on the mainstream smoke flow direction, the ambiguous installation position of the collection plate, the unknown bionic parameters, etc.), we can still confirm that it is difficult to achieve the expected effect of the patent application.

[0032] The application precisely replicates the anatomical features of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract of an individual: a bionic suction model based on 3D printing technology and based on the swallowing capacity is constructed (including a main stream smoke passage bionic unit and a lung bionic unit), the matching problem of the simplified model and the real physiological environment is solved from the structural level, the particle phase attachment characterization technology of the key parts of the main stream smoke flow passage is constructed; combined with the partition simulation of physiological stimulation perception, high-fidelity simulation of the attachment process of the main stream smoke is realized, an actual, efficient and convenient experimental platform and measurement method for the perception of the main stream smoke is provided; and then the correlation between the components of the main stream smoke and the suction process is analyzed, which can support the quantitative research on the formation mechanism of cigarette quality.

[0033] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 The bionic device for cigarette suction behavior of the embodiment comprises a main stream smoke passage bionic unit, a lung bionic unit and a control unit. The main stream smoke passage bionic unit comprises a bionic cavity; the bionic cavity comprises the oral cavity, the pharyngeal cavity, the trachea and the nasal cavity of the bionic human body; the mouth position of the oral cavity is provided with an oral cavity air inlet valve and a cigarette insertion pipe valve; the nostril position of the nasal cavity is provided with a nostril air closing valve; a smoke collection membrane and a temperature pressure drop measurement unit are arranged in the bionic cavity; a gravity check valve is arranged at the pharyngeal cavity; The lung bionic unit comprises a lung capacity adjusting ball and a bionic lung; the bionic lung is in communication with the bionic cavity; the lung capacity adjusting ball is located in the bionic lung; the bionic lung is also in communication with a smoking machine and a swallowing machine; The cigarette insertion pipe valve, the oral cavity air inlet valve, the nostril air closing valve, the temperature pressure drop measurement unit, the smoking machine and the swallowing machine are in communication connection with the control unit.

[0034] The embodiment utilizes 3D scanning and printing technology to replicate the physiological characteristics of the human body, build a main stream smoke bionic cavity model of “oral cavity-upper respiratory tract-lung”, reproduce the main stream smoke flow field state of the real smoking process of the human body; through the suction capacity adjustment of the swallowing machine, the simulation of different suction depths (overall circulation suction and local circulation suction) is realized; relying on the correlation of the main stream smoke components, the sensing site and the quality evaluation, a cigarette suction behavior smoke perception measurement method is established.

[0035] Specifically, the main stream smoke passage bionic unit comprises a bionic cavity, a cigarette insertion pipe valve, an oral cavity air inlet valve, a nostril air closing valve, a gravity check valve and a smoke collection membrane; wherein the bionic cavity comprises the oral cavity, the pharyngeal cavity, the trachea and the nasal cavity of the bionic human body, the bionic cavity is a 3D printed model conforming to the real physiological structure of the human body, and is divided into left and right parts and is sealed and combined.

[0036] Based on the 3D scanning data of the consumer in the sober, puffing cigarette state, the bionic cavity is reconstructed by three-dimensional printing technology using transparent materials and is divided into left and right parts, which is convenient for installing the smoke collection film, gravity check valve and measurement unit, and is convenient for evaluating the mainstream smoke flow state and assessing the mainstream smoke particle attachment distribution by observing the color; wherein, the left part includes the left half of the nasal cavity, the left half of the oral cavity and the left part of the pharyngeal cavity; the right part includes the remaining nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharyngeal cavity, tongue and trachea.

[0037] The tongue body of the bionic cavity is a hollow structure, and the tongue body cavity is communicated with a constant temperature water source, and constant temperature water is introduced into the tongue body cavity through the constant temperature water source, so as to simulate the temperature condition of the oral cavity.

[0038] Two oral cavity air inlet valves are arranged at the mouth position of the bionic cavity; the cigarette insertion pipe valve is located in the middle of the mouth position; and the two oral cavity air inlet valves are located on both sides of the cigarette insertion pipe valve.

[0039] The cigarette insertion pipe valve is a circular pipe structure, one end of the cigarette insertion pipe is located in the oral cavity, the other end of the cigarette insertion pipe valve is located outside the bionic channel, a sealing ring is arranged at the end of the cigarette insertion pipe valve outside the bionic channel, the sealing ring is used for inserting the cigarette, and an electric valve control switch is arranged at the end of the cigarette insertion pipe located in the oral cavity.

[0040] There are two nostril closing valves, the nostril closing valves are installed at the nostrils of the bionic cavity, one for each nostril, and an electric valve control switch is arranged.

[0041] The gravity check valve is a light hard sheet, which is installed on the soft palate of the bionic cavity, the shape is consistent with the vertical cross-sectional shape of the channel at the position, and when it naturally droops, it can just close the passage between the oral cavity and the pharyngeal cavity, when the smoking machine and the swallowing machine are sucking, the gravity check valve is opened, and the mainstream smoke in the oral cavity enters the lung bionic unit; when the smoking machine and the swallowing machine stop sucking, or when the mainstream smoke in the lung bionic unit cannot enter the oral cavity.

[0042] The smoke collection film is attached to the key measurement parts of the inner wall of the bionic cavity, and is used for attaching the mainstream smoke components. As shown in Figure 1 The smoke collection film is arranged at the tongue tip, the tongue surface, the tongue side, the tongue root part, the hard palate part, the cheek wall part, the pharyngeal wall part, the lower part of the nasal cavity and the dome part of the nasal cavity of the bionic cavity.

[0043] Among them, the tongue tip is a sweet taste perception area, the tongue surface is a bitter taste perception area, the tongue side is a salty and sour taste perception area, the tongue root is a bitter taste perception area, the hard palate part is a temperature sensation perception area, the cheek wall is a touch sensation perception area, the pharyngeal wall is a nicotine strength perception area, the lower part of the nasal cavity is a temperature sensation perception area, and the dome of the nasal cavity is an aroma perception area.

[0044] The flue gas collection membrane is a glass fiber disc on which biomimetic saliva is smeared to adsorb mainstream smoke particles.

[0045] The temperature pressure drop measuring unit comprises a pressure drop measuring instrument and a temperature measuring instrument, and the probes of the pressure drop measuring instrument and the temperature measuring instrument are located at the position between the tongue tip and the teeth.

[0046] The pressure drop measuring instrument and the temperature measuring instrument are respectively used to obtain the pressure drop and the temperature of the oral cavity during the puffing process.

[0047] The lung biomimetic unit comprises a smoking machine, a swallowing machine, lung capacity adjusting balls and a biomimetic lung, wherein the biomimetic lung is in communication with the biomimetic cavity; a plurality of lung capacity adjusting balls are arranged in the biomimetic lung; the plurality of lung capacity adjusting balls are of the same or different specifications.

[0048] The biomimetic lung is a circular truncated cone cavity, and the cavity wall is a hollow structure; the cavity wall of the biomimetic lung is in communication with a constant-temperature water source; constant-temperature water is introduced into the biomimetic lung wall through the constant-temperature water source to simulate the body temperature of the human body, and the temperature of the constant-temperature water is preferably 38℃; the biomimetic lung is connected to the smoking machine and the swallowing machine, and the total capacity is V L For example, V L =1500 mL, and a plurality of lung capacity adjusting balls of different specifications are arranged in the biomimetic lung in a certain proportion to adhere to the mainstream smoke particles, and the effective capacity of the biomimetic lung is adjusted by adjusting the proportion of the lung capacity adjusting balls of different specifications V E For example, V E =300 mL.

[0049] The lung capacity adjusting ball is a plastic hollow ball, and the diameter d of the hollow ball is selected as 5, 10 or 20 mm according to requirements.

[0050] The smoking machine and the swallowing machine each comprise a cylinder, a piston and an air inlet; The cylinder is provided with an air inlet; the air inlet is in communication with the biomimetic lung; The cylinder is provided with a piston, and the piston can move along the cylinder; the piston moves to drive the mainstream smoke in the biomimetic lung into the cylinder or press the mainstream smoke in the cylinder into the biomimetic lung.

[0051] The piston is connected with a crank connecting rod mechanism, the control unit is connected with the crank connecting rod mechanism, the crank connecting rod mechanism is controlled to rotate, thereby driving the piston to move in the cylinder.

[0052] The movement of the piston in the cylinder simulates the behaviors of smoking, swallowing, exhaling and natural breathing during the smoking process of the consumer in the process of smoking a cigarette.

[0053] For example, Figure 1The smoking machine is located at one end of the bionic lung close to the bionic cavity; The swallowing machine is located at one end of the bionic lung away from the bionic cavity.

[0054] Mainstream smoke suction capacity of the smoking machine Q I In the range of 30-55 mL, for simulating the smoking behavior, such as Q I In 35 mL; Mainstream smoke suction capacity of the swallowing machine Q S (Tidal volume) is equal to or greater than the effective mainstream smoke capacity of the bionic lung V E And the mainstream smoke capacity of the bionic cavity V F The sum to ensure that the mainstream smoke can be completely delivered to the bionic lung during the suction process.

[0055] For example V E = 300 mL, V F = 200 mL, Q S Should be designed to be 500 mL or more to ensure that the mainstream smoke can be completely delivered to the bionic lung during the suction process.

[0056] The bionic device for cigarette smoking behavior proposed in this embodiment also includes a lighter; the lighter is in communication connection with the control unit; The lighter is installed outside the cigarette insertion pipe valve and is used to ignite the cigarette inserted in the cigarette insertion pipe.

[0057] The control unit communicates with each actuator (lighter, cigarette insertion pipe valve, oral cavity air inlet valve, nasal cavity air outlet valve, smoking machine, swallowing machine), measurement mechanism (pressure drop measuring instrument, temperature measuring instrument) through the communication unit, realizes distributed time sequence control, realizes cigarette ignition, smoking, swallowing, exhalation, natural breathing and other functions, and carries out data acquisition, transmission and processing.

[0058] The smoke sensing and measuring method of the bionic device for cigarette smoking behavior proposed in this embodiment, as shown, includes: Figure 3 S1. Open the bionic cavity, and paste and smear the smoke collection film with artificial saliva at the tongue tip, tongue surface, tongue side, tongue root, hard palate, cheek wall, pharyngeal wall, lower part of nasal cavity, and dome part of nasal cavity. The specification of the collection film is determined according to the size of the part to ensure that each collection film does not overlap. Then, seal the bionic cavity, and circulate water (preferably 38℃) into the bionic lung wall and tongue cavity in turn to preheat the air in the mainstream smoke passage.

[0059] ​S2. The device is powered on, and the pistons of the smoking machine and swallowing machine are located at the top of the cylinder. Figure 1 As shown on the right), the nasal air-closing valve and oral air-inlet valve are closed, while the cigarette insertion valve is open. The control unit is set to ISO suction mode, with specific parameters including the suction cycle of the smoking machine (…). T =60s), suction capacity ( Q I =35mL), aspiration duration ( t 1=2s), mainstream smoke oral cavity stillness time ( t 2=3s); Swallowing machine mode, specific parameters include swallowing machine suction capacity ( Q S =500mL), aspiration duration ( t 3 = 3s), mainstream smoke bionic lung resting time ( t 4=7s), duration of mainstream smoke exhalation ( t 5 = 5s); Aspiration interval ( t 6=40s); Temperature and pressure drop measurement unit data acquisition frequency ( k= 4Hz); Number of puffs per cigarette ( n =6), Number of samples drawn ( m =20).

[0060] S3. Insert the cigarette into the mouthpiece valve to activate the device. The lighter heats up and reaches the ignition point of the cigarette. Simultaneously, the temperature and pressure drop measurement unit begins operation, continuously measuring and collecting oral cavity temperature at a set frequency. C Pressure drop P The data collected each time is arranged according to the sample inspection sequence. i ( i = 1, 2, ..., 19, 20), oral sequence j ( j = 1, 2, ..., 5, 6) and timing for each port z ( z = 1, 2, ..., 239, 240) are identified as C （i,j,z） and P （i,j,z） , C （i,j,z） Oral temperature P （i,j,z） This refers to the pressure drop within the oral cavity.

[0061] S4. At the same time when the temperature pressure drop measuring unit starts working, the smoking machine starts to puff, the negative pressure wind generated by the smoking machine opens the gravity check valve, forms a complete cigarette puffing air flow channel, at the same time, the cigarette lighter ignites the cigarette, the main stream smoke generated by the combustion is sucked into the oral cavity, starts to contact each smoke collection membrane in the oral cavity (tongue tip, tongue surface, tongue side, tongue root, hard palate, cheek wall), this process is used to simulate the process of the main stream smoke entering the oral cavity, the smoking machine puffing piston reaches the bottom end for 2 s (smoking period), the smoking machine reaches the complete puffing state, then the smoking machine remains static for 3 s, at this time, due to the static main stream smoke, the gravity check valve is automatically closed, and the main stream smoke is also synchronously stagnant in the oral cavity for 3 s (puffing static period), a part of the main stream smoke particles are attached in the oral cavity.

[0062] S5. Subsequently, the oral cavity air inlet valve is opened, the cigarette insertion tube valve is closed (the cigarette is no longer ventilated), the swallowing machine starts to puff, the negative pressure wind generated by the swallowing machine opens the gravity check valve again, air is sucked from the oral cavity air inlet valve, mixed with the main stream smoke in the oral cavity, then enters the bionic lung through the pharyngeal cavity and trachea. This process is used to simulate the process of swallowing the main stream smoke, the swallowing machine piston reaches the bottom for 3 s (swallowing period), the swallowing machine reaches the complete puffing state and remains static for 7 s (swallowing static period), at this time, the gravity check valve is automatically closed again, and a part of the main stream smoke mixture is also attached to the pharyngeal wall part, the bionic lung and the surface of the lung volume adjusting ball during this period.

[0063] S6. Subsequently, the pistons of the smoking machine and the swallowing machine return synchronously, the smoking machine and the swallowing machine exhale, the main stream smoke flows out of the bionic lung in reverse, contacts the pharyngeal wall again; due to the closed gravity check valve, the main stream smoke enters the nasal cavity instead, contacts the upper and lower smoke collection membranes in the nasal cavity, a part of the particles are attached in the pharyngeal wall and the nasal cavity; the remaining main stream smoke is discharged from the nostril closing valve. This process is used to simulate the process of exhaling the main stream smoke, until the piston reaches the return end for 5 s (exhalation period). Subsequently, the smoking machine remains static for 40 s (puffing interval), while the swallowing machine continues to perform 2 times of swallowing and exhalation cycle to simulate the natural breathing behavior of human beings, and then remains static to prepare for the next round of puffing.

[0064] wherein, the cycle period T = 60 s = smoking period 2 s + puffing static period 3 s + swallowing period 3 s + swallowing static period 7 s + exhalation period 5 s + puffing interval 40 s.

[0065] The rhythm of the execution mechanism in each puffing process (S4-S6) is shown in the following table.

[0066] The rhythm relationship of the execution mechanism in each puffing process

[0067] S7. Repeat steps S4-S6 until a cigarette is smoked to the 6th puff.

[0068] S8. Repeat steps S3-S7 for the subsequent cigarettes, until the smoking of 20 cigarettes is completed.

[0069] S9. After the smoking is completed, the control unit draws the time series curve of the temperature C （i,j,z） and pressure drop P （i,j,z） of each cigarette and each puff, as shown in FIG. 2, and calculates the maximum temperature Figure 4

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[0081]

[0082]

[0083] wherein, is the "draw resistance index" of the lit cigarette. The impulse per unit area of the oral cavity caused during the j puffing behavior of the sample group is referred to as the "lit draw resistance" of the cigarette. Obviously, the lit draw resistance exhibited by the cigarette will vary at different puffing sequences.

[0084] S10. Open the bionic cavity, remove the smoke collection membrane of each part, and respectively detect the chemical components (such as nicotine, tar, water-soluble total sugar, etc.), obtain the mainstream smoke component types y , and the unit area of each part D , the detection value of the adherend D y . Further compare the measurement values of the parts to obtain the contribution degree (proportion relationship) of each chemical component adhered to each part.

[0085] For example, nicotine 舌尖 : nicotine 舌根 :... : nicotine 咽壁 = 1: 1.09:... : 0.85.

[0086] In combination with the physiological perception function of each part, the perception-related threshold of cigarette quality is researched. For example, the unit area of sweet component equivalent value adhered to the tip of the tongue of a certain cigarette bionic smoking is 0.1 mg.m -2 .

[0087] If the sample is used for the sensory evaluation ability evaluation of the 15-person evaluation group of factory A, 12 people evaluate it as sweet and 3 people think it is not sweet, and the probability of false positives (P value) is 0.05, then the sweet evaluation threshold of the group is determined as: the unit area of sweet component equivalent value is 0.1 mg.m -2 ; and if the sample is used for the sensory evaluation ability evaluation of the 15-person evaluation group of factory B, 10 people evaluate it as sweet and 5 people think it is not sweet, and the probability of false positives (P value) is 0.15, then the sweet evaluation threshold of the group is determined to be higher (much higher than the unit area of sweet component equivalent value is 0.1 mg.m -2 ), and the overall sensory evaluation ability is relatively insufficient.

[0088] The present example builds a cigarette smoking behavior bionic device through technical means such as "suction channel bionics simulation, high-fidelity simulation of smoke flow process, simulation of particle deposition in key positions, and simulation of gradient simulation of smoking depth", and establishes a smoke perception measurement method. The above one or more technical solutions have at least one or more of the following technical effects: (1) According to the anatomical characteristics of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract, the smoking machine and the swallowing machine are combined to completely reproduce the human smoking behavior characteristics, and a new smoking bionic device is built, which can reproduce the smoke flow field state in the real smoking process, including the complex turbulence in the oral cavity, the vortex effect in the nasal cavity and throat, so that the smoke flow velocity distribution, residence time in each cavity are highly consistent with the actual smoking process of the human body.

[0089] (2) The present application adopts the method of swallowing machine + smoking machine, bionic lung + capacity adjusting ball to realize the gradient smoking mode of cigarette under different smoking depth, which significantly improves the universality of the equipment and widely supports the targeted design of personalized experiment.

[0090] (3) The present application adopts the method of combining scientific layout of adsorption membrane and application of bionic saliva, which can accurately quantify the deposition amount of each region, and accurately represents the correlation between smoke composition, site perception partition threshold and chemical quantitative detection through chemical component analysis of each part, providing an actual, efficient and convenient experimental platform and quantitative analysis method for digital design of tobacco industry, research on reduction of harm technology and mechanism of cigarette quality perception.

[0091] It should be noted that the delay error of the module trigger signal of the cigarette lighter, the cigarette insertion tube valve, the nasal valve, the smoking machine, the swallowing machine, the pressure drop measuring instrument, the temperature measuring instrument and the like should be ≤50 ms, and the specific selection method adopts the existing technology in the art, and the power supply and control principle thereof are clear to those skilled in the art, which will not be described here.

[0092] It should be noted that the type and size of the control unit and the communication unit should be determined according to the actual size of the device, and the specific selection method adopts the existing technology in the art, and the power supply and control principle thereof to each execution unit and measurement unit are clear to those skilled in the art, which will not be described here.

[0093] It should be noted that the above-mentioned bell-shaped curve formation principle of air flow of smoking and swallowing behavior is illustrated by taking the crankshaft connecting rod + piston cylinder structure as an example, and is not used to limit the present application. The bell-shaped curve forming mechanism of air flow can have various alternatives, and any equivalent alternative within the scope of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0094] It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments select whole-circulation suction as an example for illustration, and are not used to limit the present application. For example, partial-circulation suction (smoke does not enter the lung) can be realized by modifying the suction depth gradient parameter (the suction volume of the swallowing machine is modified to 150 mL). Any equivalent replacement of the suction depth gradient made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0095] It should be noted that the above-mentioned measurement method can be applied to other tobacco products (such as electronic cigarettes, cigar cigarettes, heat-not-burn cigarettes, etc.) by replacing the valve specifications of the cigarette insertion pipe. The application object can be variously replaced for those skilled in the art. Any equivalent replacement of the application object made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0096] Example 2 In this example, a smoke perception measurement method for a cigarette suction behavior bionic device proposed in Example 1 is proposed, which includes: Close the nasal valve and oral air inlet valve, and open the cigarette insertion pipe valve; Insert the cigarette into the cigarette insertion pipe valve, and ignite the cigarette; The control unit controls the smoking machine to start suction, and the mainstream smoke generated by the burning of the cigarette enters the oral cavity of the bionic cavity; When the smoking machine reaches the full suction state, keep the suction duration; The control unit controls the oral air inlet valve to open, the cigarette insertion pipe valve to close, and the swallowing machine to start suction. After the air and the mainstream smoke in the oral cavity are mixed, they enter the bionic lung through the bionic cavity. When the swallowing machine reaches the full suction state, keep the mainstream smoke exhalation duration; The control unit controls the smoking machine and the swallowing machine to exhale, and the mainstream smoke in the bionic lung is discharged into the nasal cavity of the bionic cavity and discharged from the nasal cavity; Obtain the pressure drop and temperature of the oral cavity during the suction and exhalation of the smoking machine and the swallowing machine.

[0097] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings, but is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or deformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solutions of the present application without creative labor are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for simulating the behavior of a cigarette, characterized in that it comprises: It comprises: a main stream smoke passage bionic unit, a lung bionic unit and a control unit; the main stream smoke passage bionic unit comprises a bionic cavity; the bionic cavity comprises a bionic oral cavity, a bionic pharynx, a bionic trachea and a bionic nasal cavity; a mouth position of the bionic oral cavity is provided with an oral cavity air inlet valve and a cigarette insertion pipe valve; a nostril position of the bionic nasal cavity is provided with a nostril air closing valve; a smoke collection membrane and a temperature pressure drop measuring unit are arranged in the bionic cavity; a gravity check valve is arranged at the bionic pharynx; the lung bionic unit comprises a lung volume adjusting ball and a bionic lung; the bionic lung is in communication with the bionic cavity; the lung volume adjusting ball is arranged in the bionic lung; the bionic lung is also in communication with a cigarette smoking machine and a swallowing machine; the cigarette insertion pipe valve, the oral cavity air inlet valve, the nostril air closing valve, the temperature pressure drop measuring unit, the cigarette smoking machine and the swallowing machine are in communication connection with the control unit.

2. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of lung volume adjusting balls are arranged in the bionic lung; the plurality of lung volume adjusting balls are of the same or different specifications.

3. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, The cigarette smoking machine and the swallowing machine each comprise a cylinder, a piston and an air inlet; the cylinder is provided with the air inlet; the air inlet is in communication with the bionic lung; the piston is arranged in the cylinder and can move along the cylinder; the piston moves to drive the main stream smoke in the bionic lung to enter the cylinder or to press the main stream smoke in the cylinder into the bionic lung.

4. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, The cigarette smoking machine is located at one end of the bionic lung close to the bionic cavity; The swallowing machine is located at one end of the bionic lung away from the bionic cavity.

5. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, The main stream smoke suction capacity of the swallowing machine is equal to the sum of the effective main stream smoke capacity of the bionic lung and the main stream smoke capacity of the bionic cavity.

6. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, The cavity wall of the bionic lung is in communication with a constant temperature water source; the tongue body in the bionic oral cavity is of a hollow structure; the tongue body cavity is in communication with the constant temperature water source.

7. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, It also comprises a cigarette lighter; the cigarette lighter is in communication connection with the control unit; the cigarette lighter is used for igniting a cigarette inserted in the cigarette insertion pipe.

8. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, The bionic cavity is provided with a smoke collection membrane at the tongue tip, the tongue surface, the tongue side, the tongue root position, the hard palate position, the cheek wall position, the pharyngeal wall position, the lower part of the nasal cavity and the nasal cavity dome position.

9. The cigarette smoking behavior bionion device of claim 1, wherein, Two oral cavity air inlet valves are arranged at the mouth position of the bionic oral cavity; the cigarette insertion pipe valve is located in the middle of the mouth position; the two oral cavity air inlet valves are located on both sides of the cigarette insertion pipe valve.

10. A smoke sensing and measuring method of the cigarette smoking behavior bionic device according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising: closing the nostril air closing valve and the oral cavity air inlet valve and opening the cigarette insertion pipe valve; inserting a cigarette into the cigarette insertion pipe valve and igniting the cigarette; controlling the cigarette smoking machine to start suction, and the main stream smoke generated by the burning of the cigarette entering the bionic oral cavity; when the cigarette smoking machine reaches a complete suction state, keeping the suction duration; controlling the oral cavity air inlet valve to open, the cigarette insertion pipe valve to close and the swallowing machine to start suction, and the mixed air and the main stream smoke in the bionic oral cavity entering the bionic lung through the bionic cavity, and when the swallowing machine reaches a complete suction state, keeping the main stream smoke exhaling duration; controlling the cigarette smoking machine and the swallowing machine to exhale, and the main stream smoke in the bionic lung being discharged into the bionic nasal cavity and then from the bionic nasal cavity; obtaining the pressure drop and the temperature of the bionic oral cavity during the suction and exhalation of the cigarette smoking machine and the swallowing machine.

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