Articulated orthopaedic prosthesis system with controlled curvature

Abstract

An articulating orthopaedic prosthetic system (400) includes an articulating femoral component (402), a housing assembly (408), and a tibial component (490). The articulating femoral component is configured to be coupled to the housing assembly such that the articulating femoral component is rotatable about a flexion-extension axis of rotation (470). The tibial component is configured to couple including a tibial articular surface (444) on which a femoral articular surface (410) of the articulating femoral component articulates when rotated about the flexion-extension axis of rotation. In addition, the femoral articular surface includes a curved surface section (802) having a constant radius of curvature (R1) over a defined range of flexion of the articulating femoral component.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 to U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 524,116, filed June 29, 2023, entitled “Hinged Orthopaedic Prosthesis System Having Controlled Curvature,” which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to orthopaedic knee prosthesis systems, and more particularly to hinged orthopaedic knee prostheses and methods for total knee arthroplasty procedures. BACKGROUND

[0003] Arthroplasty is a well-known surgical procedure by which a diseased and / or damaged natural joint is replaced with a prosthetic joint. A typical knee prosthesis includes a femoral component, a tibial tray, and a polymeric insert or bearing positioned between the tibial tray and the femoral component. Depending on the severity of the joint damage of the patient, orthopaedic prostheses of varying mobility can be used. For example, in some cases where it is desirable to limit the motion of the knee prosthesis, such as when there is significant soft tissue damage or loss, the knee prosthesis can include a “fixed” tibial component. Alternatively, in cases where greater freedom of motion is needed, the knee prosthesis can include a “mobile” tibial component. Additionally, the knee prosthesis can be a total knee prosthesis designed to replace both condyles of the femoral-tibial interface of the patient’s femur or a unicompartmental (or unicompartmental) knee prosthesis designed to replace a single condyle of the femoral-tibial interface of the patient’s femur.

[0004] The motion of a natural human knee (e.g., flexion and extension) involves the motion of the femur and the tibia. Specifically, during flexion and extension, the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia articulate relative to one another through a series of complex motions. Injury (e.g., trauma), disease, or revision surgery to address these issues or that can compromise the bone, articular cartilage, and ligaments of the knee can ultimately affect the ability of the natural knee to function in the manner described above. In such cases, an orthopaedic knee prosthesis that has more control over the articulation of the patient’s femur and tibia can be used. One type of knee prosthesis that can be used is a hinged knee prosthesis, which generally includes a hinge mechanism to couple the femoral component to one or both of the tibial bearing / insert and the tibial tray component in order to constrain and mechanically connect the components of the knee prosthesis together. SUMMARY

[0005] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an articulating orthopaedic prosthetic system can include a femoral component, a housing assembly, a tibial component, and a tibial tray. The femoral component can be configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared distal end of a femur of a patient. Additionally, the femoral component can include a lateral condyle and a medial condyle spaced apart from one another and a femoral intercondylar box defined between the lateral condyle and the medial condyle. In illustrative embodiments, at least one of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle includes a femoral articulation surface.

[0006] The housing assembly can include an upper housing and a housing stem extending downwardly from the upper housing. The upper housing can be configured to be received into the femoral intercondylar box of the femoral component to couple the femoral component to the housing assembly, and the femoral component can be rotatable relative to the housing assembly about a flexion-extension rotational axis.

[0007] The tibial component can include a platform and a tibial stem extending downwardly from a lower surface of the platform. The platform can include an upper surface including a tibial articulation surface configured to articulate with the femoral articulation surface of the femoral component. The tibial stem can include an internal passage having an opening on the upper surface of the platform and configured to receive the housing stem of the housing assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the femoral articulation surface can contact the tibial articulation surface at a first contact point on the femoral articulation surface at a first flexion of 0 degrees or less and contact the tibial articulation surface at a second contact point on the femoral articulation surface at a second flexion greater than 90 degrees. In such embodiments, the femoral articulation surface has a first curved surface segment extending from the first contact point to the second contact point and having a constant radius of curvature when viewed in a longitudinal split plane. Additionally, an origin of the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment can coincide with the flexion-extension rotational axis.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first flexion can be an overextension of about 3 degrees. Additionally or alternatively, in some embodiments, the second flexion can be a flexion of greater than 100 degrees. For example, in some embodiments, the second flexion is a flexion of about 120 degrees. In particular embodiments, the first flexion can be an overextension of about 3 degrees and the second flexion can be a flexion of about 120 degrees.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first curved surface segment can include an anterior end, and the femoral articular surface can further include a second curved surface segment having a posterior end that is tangent to the anterior end of the first curved surface segment and that extends anteriorly from the first curved surface segment. In such embodiments, the second curved surface segment can have a first radius of curvature and a second radius of curvature that is different than the first radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal plane. Each of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature can be greater than the constant radius of curvature. Additionally, in some embodiments, the first curved surface segment can further include a proximal end that is opposite the anterior end. In such embodiments, the femoral articular surface can further include a third curved surface segment having a distal end that is tangent to the proximal end of the first curved surface segment and that extends proximally from the first curved surface segment. The third curved surface segment can have a third radius of curvature that is less than the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the constant radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal plane. Additionally, in such embodiments, the femoral articular surface can have a third point of contact on the femoral articular surface at a third flexion angle that is greater than the second flexion angle that contacts the tibial articular surface, and a position of the flexion-extension rotational axis when the femoral component is articulated to the third flexion angle can be different than the position of the flexion-extension rotational axis when the femoral component is articulated to the second flexion angle.

[0011] Additionally, in some embodiments, the tibial component can include a tibial tray and a tibial insert. The tibial insert can include a tibial baseplate and a tibial stem extending inferiorly from the tibial baseplate. The tibial baseplate can include a first curved surface segment having a first radius of curvature and a second curved surface segment having a second radius of curvature that is different than the first radius of curvature. The tibial tray can include a baseplate configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared proximal end of a tibia of a patient and can have a tray stem extending inferiorly from the baseplate. The tibial tray can further include an internal passage having an opening on an upper surface of the baseplate and extending into the tray stem. The internal passage of the tibial tray can be configured to receive the tibial stem of the tibial insert.

[0012] In some embodiments, a tibial component can include a tibial insert having a platform and a tibial stem, and a tibial tray that can be separate from the tibial insert. The tibial tray can include a baseplate configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared proximal end of a tibia of a patient and can have a tray stem extending inferiorly from the baseplate, and an internal passage having an opening on an upper surface of the baseplate and extending into the tray stem. The internal passage of the tibial tray can be configured to receive the tibial stem of the tibial insert.

[0013] According to another aspect of the disclosure, an orthopaedic prosthesis can include an articulating femoral component and a tibial component. The articulating femoral component can be configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared distal end of a patient's femur and can include a lateral condyle and a medial condyle spaced apart from one another. Additionally, at least one of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle can include a femoral articulation surface. The tibial component can include a platform having an upper surface that includes a tibial articulation surface configured to articulate with the femoral articulation surface of the femoral component.

[0014] In some embodiments, the articulating femoral component can be configured to rotate about a flexion-extension rotational axis such that the femoral articulation surface contacts the tibial articulation surface at a first contact point on the femoral articulation surface at a first flexion of 0 degrees or less and contacts the tibial articulation surface at a second contact point on the femoral articulation surface at a second flexion of greater than 90 degrees. In such embodiments, the femoral articulation surface can have a first curved surface segment that extends from the first contact point to the second contact point and, when viewed in a longitudinal split plane, the first curved surface segment can have a constant radius of curvature. In some embodiments, an origin of the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment can coincide with the flexion-extension rotational axis.

[0015] Additionally, in some embodiments, the first flexion can be an overextension of about 3 degrees and the second flexion can be a flexion of about 120 degrees. In some embodiments, the first curved surface segment can include an anterior end and a proximal end opposite the anterior end. In such embodiments, the femoral articulation surface can include a second curved surface segment having a posterior end that is tangent to the anterior end of the first curved surface segment and that extends anteriorly from the first curved surface segment. When viewed in the longitudinal split plane, the second curved surface segment can also have a first radius of curvature and a second radius of curvature different from the first radius of curvature. Additionally, each of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature can be greater than the constant radius of curvature. The femoral articulation surface can also include a third curved surface segment having a distal end that is tangent to the proximal end of the first curved surface segment and that extends proximally from the first curved surface segment. When viewed in the longitudinal split plane, the third curved surface segment can have a third radius of curvature that is less than the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the constant radius of curvature.

[0016] In some embodiments, the tibial component can further include a tibial stem. The tibial stem of the tibial component can define a tibial stem axis, and the flexion-extension rotational axis can be posterior to the tibial stem axis. Additionally, in some embodiments, the tibial component can include a tibial insert having a platform and a tibial stem, and a tibial tray. The tibial tray can include a base plate configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared proximal end of a patient's tibia and can have a tray stem extending inferiorly from the base plate, and include an internal passage having an opening on an upper surface of the base plate and extending into the tibial tray stem, the internal passage of the tibial tray configured to receive the tibial stem of the tibial insert.

[0017] Additionally, in some embodiments, the tibial articular surface can include a dwell point defining a distal-most point on the tibial articular surface. In such embodiments, the tibial articular surface can include a first tibial surface segment posterior to the dwell point having a constant radius of curvature equal to the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an orthopaedic prosthetic system can include a primary orthopaedic prosthetic, a revision orthopaedic prosthetic, and an articulating orthopaedic prosthetic. The primary orthopaedic prosthetic can include a primary femoral component and a primary tibial component. The primary femoral component can be configured to articulate with the primary tibial component. Additionally, a distance between a most medial point on the primary femoral component and a most lateral point on the primary femoral component can define a medial-lateral width of the primary femoral component, and a distance between a most anterior point on the primary femoral component and a most posterior point on the primary femoral component can define an anterior-posterior width of the primary femoral component.

[0019] The revision orthopaedic prosthetic can include a revision femoral component and a revision tibial insert. The revision femoral component can be configured to articulate with the revision tibial component or a tibial component insert (e.g., a posterior stabilized primary tibial component). Additionally, a distance between a most medial point on the revision femoral component and a most lateral point on the revision femoral component can define a medial-lateral width of the revision femoral component, and a distance between a most anterior point on the revision femoral component and a most posterior point on the revision femoral component can define an anterior-posterior width of the revision femoral component.

[0020] The hinged orthopaedic prosthesis can include a hinged femoral component and a tibial component. The hinged femoral component can include a lateral condyle and a medial condyle spaced apart from one another. At least one of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle can include a femoral articulation surface. The tibial component can include a platform having an upper surface that includes a tibial articulation surface configured to articulate with the femoral articulation surface of the femoral component. Additionally, a distance between a most medial point on the hinged femoral component and a most lateral point on the hinged femoral component can define a mediolateral width of the hinged femoral component, and a distance between an anterior-most point on the hinged femoral component and a posterior-most point on the hinged femoral component can define an anteroposterior width of the hinged femoral component.

[0021] In some embodiments, the mediolateral width of the primary femoral component, the revision femoral component, and the hinged femoral component can be equal. Additionally or alternatively, the anteroposterior width of the primary femoral component, the revision femoral component, and the hinged femoral component can be equal. For example, the size of the intercondylar box of each of the primary femoral component (e.g., a posterior stabilized primary femoral component), the revision femoral component, and the hinged femoral component can be substantially the same such that no additional box cut is needed when replacing one prosthesis with another.

[0022] Additionally, in some embodiments, the femoral articulation surface of the hinged femoral component can contact the tibial articulation surface of the tibial component of the hinged orthopaedic prosthesis at an overextension of about 3 degrees at a first point of contact on the femoral articulation surface and at a flexion of about 120 degrees at a second point of contact on the femoral articulation surface. Furthermore, the femoral articulation surface can have a first curved surface segment that extends from the first point of contact to the second point of contact. The first curved surface segment can also have a constant radius of curvature when viewed in a longitudinal split plane. Additionally, in some embodiments, an origin of the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment can coincide with the flexion-extension rotational axis.

[0023] In some embodiments, the primary femoral component may include at least one primary femoral condyle having a distal and proximal point on the posterior side of the primary femoral condyle. In such embodiments, the distance between the distal and proximal points of the primary femoral condyle may define the primary posterior condyle height of the primary femoral component. Similarly, the revision femoral component may include at least one revision femoral condyle having a distal and proximal point on the posterior side of the revision femoral condyle. In such embodiments, the distance between the distal and proximal points of the revision femoral condyle may define the revision posterior condyle height of the revision femoral component. Furthermore, at least one of the medial and lateral condyles of the articulated femoral component may include a distal and proximal point on the posterior side of the corresponding medial or lateral condyle. In such embodiments, the distance between the distal and proximal points of the corresponding medial or lateral condyle may define the articulated posterior condyle height of the articulated femoral component. In such implementations, the height of the articulated posterior condyle can be greater than each of the initial posterior condyle height and the height of the reconstructed posterior condyle. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The specific implementation method refers to the following figures, in which: Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an orthopedic prosthetic system, which includes primary orthopedic knee prostheses, revision orthopedic knee prostheses, and articulated orthopedic knee prostheses. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of an embodiment of an articulated orthopedic knee prosthesis system. Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Front view of an embodiment of the femoral component of an orthopedic knee prosthesis; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A posterior frontal view of the femoral component; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Side perspective view of the femoral component; Figure 6 for Figure 3 The femoral component roughly follows Figure 3 A longitudinal section cross-sectional view taken from line 6-6; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Top view of the femoral component; Figure 8 for Figure 3 The femoral component roughly follows Figure 3 Another longitudinal section view taken from line 8-8; Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A table of exemplary lengths of radii for various sizes of femoral components; Figure 10 is Figure 2 a lateral perspective view of an embodiment of a tibial component of an orthopaedic knee prosthesis of Figure 11 is Figure 10 a top plan view of the tibial component of Figure 12 is Figure 10 another longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tibial component of Figure 11 taken generally along line 12-12 of Figure 13 is Figure 10 another longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tibial component of Figure 11 taken generally along line 13-13 of Figure 14 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an articulating orthopaedic knee prosthesis in an assembled configuration, wherein the femoral component is taken generally along line 8-8 of Figure 3 and the tibial component is taken generally along line 13-13 of Figure 11 .DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] While the concepts of the present disclosure are susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific exemplary embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that there is no intent to limit the concepts of the present disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

[0026] Throughout this specification, when referring to orthopaedic implants and orthopaedic instruments described herein, as well as the natural anatomy of a patient, terms denoting anatomical references, such as anterior, posterior, medial, lateral, superior, inferior, and the like, can be used. These terms have well-known meanings in both anatomical studies and the field of orthopaedics. Unless otherwise noted, these anatomical reference terms used in the written detailed description and claims are intended to be consistent with their well-known meanings.

[0027] The exemplary embodiments of the present application described and shown below encompass knee prostheses and knee components, as well as methods of implanting and reconstructing a knee joint. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the preferred embodiments discussed below are exemplary in nature, and can be restructured without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. However, for clarity and precision, the exemplary embodiments described below can include optional steps, methods, and features, which the ordinarily skilled artisan will recognize as not being required to meet the requirements of the scope of the present application.

[0028] Referring now to Figure 1 , the example orthopedic prosthetic system 100 includes a primary orthopedic prosthetic 200, a revision orthopedic prosthetic 300, and an articulated orthopedic prosthetic 400. An orthopedic surgeon can use each of the prosthetics 200, 300, 400 to replace a natural knee joint of a patient. To this end, the orthopedic surgeon can select an appropriate prosthetic 200, 300, 400 based on a number of criteria, such as the extent of trauma or disease of the patient’s knee joint, the condition of the surrounding tissue, and / or the performance of a previously implanted prosthetic. For example, in some cases, the orthopedic surgeon can initially implant a primary orthopedic prosthetic 200 to replace a patient joint based on an examination and indication of the patient joint being suitable for a primary prosthetic. However, over time and under some conditions (e.g., weakening or loss of the patient’s surrounding bone and / or soft tissue), the orthopedic surgeon can determine to replace the primary orthopedic prosthetic 200 with a revision orthopedic prosthetic 300 that includes additional features (e.g., femoral and / or tibial stems) to provide additional fixation of the prosthetic 300 to the patient’s bone anatomy, as described below.

[0029] Further, in cases of significant bone and / or soft tissue loss or damage, the orthopedic surgeon can determine to replace the revision orthopedic prosthetic 300 with an articulated orthopedic prosthetic 400 that includes additional features to provide additional varus / valgus constraint and stability by physically limiting the motion of the orthopedic knee joint, as described below. Alternatively, in some cases, the orthopedic surgeon can replace the primary orthopedic prosthetic 200 with the articulated orthopedic prosthetic 400, or implant the articulated orthopedic prosthetic 400 as an initial orthopedic implant (e.g., in those cases where there is already severe disease or trauma in the patient’s knee joint).

[0030] The example primary orthopedic prosthetic 200 (e.g., a posterior stabilized primary orthopedic prosthetic) includes a primary femoral component 202 (e.g., a posterior stabilized primary femoral component) and a primary tibial component 290 that illustratively includes a primary tibial insert 204 (e.g., a posterior stabilized primary tibial insert) and a primary tibial tray 206. Similarly, the revision orthopedic prosthetic 300 includes a revision femoral component 302 and a revision tibial component 390 that illustratively includes a revision tibial insert 304 and a revision tibial tray 306. However, the articulated orthopedic prosthetic 400 includes an articulated femoral component 402, a housing assembly 408 (see FIG. 4), and an articulated tibial component 490 that illustratively includes an articulated tibial insert 494 and an articulated tibial tray 496. In some cases, the primary femoral component 202, the revision femoral component 302, and the articulated femoral component 402 can be the same or similar components. Similarly, the primary tibial component 290, the revision tibial component 390, and the articulated tibial component 490 can be the same or similar components. Figure 2) and a tibial component 490, which illustratively includes a tibial insert 404 and a tibial tray 406 (which can be identical or even the same as revision tibial tray 306, as described below). It will be appreciated that each of tibial inserts 204, 304, 404 and corresponding tibial trays 206, 306, and 304 can be separate from one another or formed integrally as tibial components 290, 390, 490, respectively. Thus, as used herein, the term“tibial component” refers to embodiments in which the tibial insert and tibial tray are separate structures, as well as embodiments in which the tibial insert and tibial tray are combined into a single integral structure.

[0031] Each of primary femoral component 202, revision femoral component 302, and articulating femoral piece 402, as well as primary tibial tray 206, revision tibial tray 306, and tibial tray 406, are illustratively formed of a metallic material, such as cobalt-chrome or titanium, although in other embodiments can be formed of other materials, such as ceramic materials, polymeric materials, bioengineered materials, etc. Each of primary tibial component 204, revision tibial component 304, and“articulating” tibial piece 404 are illustratively formed of a polymeric material, such as ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), although in other embodiments can be formed of other materials, such as ceramic materials, metallic materials, bioengineered materials, etc.

[0032] Primary femoral component 202 is configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared surface of a distal end of a femur (not shown) of a patient, and primary tibial tray 206 is configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared surface of a proximal end of a tibia (not shown) of a patient. Primary tibial tray 206 can include tibial posts 208, keels, and / or other features to facilitate fixation of primary tibial tray 206 to the tibia of the patient. Primary tibial insert 204 is configured to be coupled to primary tibial tray 206 and to engage primary femoral component 202 to allow articulation of primary femoral component 202 with primary tibial insert 204 over a range of flexion. In some embodiments, primary tibial tray 206 can include a locking mechanism or similar feature to secure primary tibial insert 204 to primary tibial tray 206.

[0033] Similar to the primary femoral component 202, the revision femoral component 302 is configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared surface of a distal end of a patient's femur (not shown), and the revision tibial tray 306 is configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared surface of a proximal end of a patient's tibia (not shown). However, to provide additional support and fixation of the revision orthopedic prosthesis 300, the revision femoral component 302 can include a femoral stem 310 that extends upwardly from the revision femoral component 302 and is configured to be received into a femoral canal of the patient's femur. Similarly, the revision tibial tray 306 can include a tibial stem 308 that extends downwardly from the revision tibial tray 306 and is configured to be received into a tibial canal of the patient's tibia. Similar to the primary tibial insert 204, the revision tibial insert 304 is configured to be coupled to the revision tibial tray 306 and to engage the revision femoral component 302 to allow the revision femoral component 302 to articulate with the revision tibial insert 304 through a range of flexion. In some embodiments, similar to the primary tibial tray 206, the revision tibial tray 306 can include a locking mechanism or similar feature to secure the revision tibial insert 304 to the revision tibial tray 306. Accordingly, it will be appreciated that in some embodiments, the revision tibial insert 304 and / or the revision tibial tray 306 can be similar or identical to the primary tibial insert 204 and the primary tibial tray 206, respectively. For example, in some embodiments, the primary tibial insert 204 can not be replaced during the revision surgery, and in such embodiments, the revision femoral component 302 can be configured to articulate with the primary tibial insert 204 (which can be used with the revision tibial tray 306 or a "hinged" tibial tray 406).

[0034] Referring now to Figures 2-6 As noted above, the hinged orthopedic prosthesis 400 includes a hinged femoral component 402, a housing assembly 408, and a tibial component 490, which illustratively includes a tibial insert 404 and a tibial tray 406. As discussed in greater detail below, the hinged femoral component 402 is configured to articulate with the tibial insert 404 about a flexion-extension rotational axis 470. To this end, as Figures 3-5 Best shown, the hinged femoral component 402 includes an exterior femoral articulation surface 410 having a lateral condyle 412 and a medial condyle 414 that are configured to articulate on corresponding tibial articulation surfaces 444 of the tibial insert 404, as discussed in greater detail below.

[0035] The lateral condyle 412 and the medial condyle 414 are spaced apart to define an intercondylar notch or opening 416 between the two condyles. A femoral intercondylar box 418 is located within the intercondylar opening 416 and includes a femoral post 420 that extends upwardly from an upper side 422 of the femoral intercondylar box 418. As Figure 6As best shown, the exemplary femoral stem 420 includes a threaded interior passage 424 that facilitates attachment of an optional femoral stem (not shown) to the articulating femoral component 402. Additionally, the femoral stem 420 can include a distal threaded hole 426 that generally has a smaller cross-section than the threaded interior passage 424 and is configured for use with an associated removal stem or similar tool to facilitate removal of the articulating femoral component 402.

[0036] Referring now to Figure 7 In some embodiments, the articulating femoral component 402 is shaped and sized to facilitate use of revision accessories with the articulating femoral component 402. For example, in the exemplary embodiment, the femoral stem 420 of the articulating femoral component 402 can be shaped, sized, and positioned on the femoral intercondylar box 418 (e.g., in the same anterior-posterior and medial-lateral positions) such that the femoral stem 420 can be used with revision stems, sleeves, offset adapters, and / or other accessories configured to be attached to the revision femoral component 302. Additionally, the articulating femoral component 402 includes an alignment feature 702 on the proximal sidewall 700 of the femoral intercondylar box 418 that allows for use of revision sleeves (i.e., sleeves configured for use with the revision femoral component 302) at various rotational degrees (e.g., at 20 degrees of internal rotation, 10 degrees of internal rotation, neutral rotation, 10 degrees of external rotation, 20 degrees of external rotation, etc.). Moreover, the articulating femoral component 402 can include an augment mount 704 that is sized and positioned on the proximal side of the articulating femoral component 402 to facilitate use of medial, lateral, distal, and posterior augments (not shown). Thus, it should be appreciated that due to the articulating fixation of the femoral component 402, the articulating femoral component 402 can be used with a variety of revision accessories while providing additional varus / valgus constraint relative to the revision femoral component 302.

[0037] Additionally, in some embodiments, the articulated femoral component 402 is sized to have a “wrap-in” dimension similar to or the same as that of the primary femoral component 202 and the revision femoral component 302. For example, the articulated femoral component 402 has an inner-outer width 710 and an outer-backward width 720 that are the same as or substantially similar (e.g., equal within manufacturing tolerances) to the corresponding inner-outer width and anteroposterior width of the primary femoral component 202 and / or the revision femoral component 302. The inner-outer width 710 of the articulated femoral component 402 (and the primary femoral component 202 and the revision femoral component 302) is defined as the distance between the innermost point 714 on the medial condyle 414 and the outermost point 712 on the lateral condyle 412. Similarly, the anteroposterior width 720 of the articulated femoral component 402 (as well as the primary femoral component 202 and the revised femoral component 302) is defined as the distance between the anterior point 722 on the anterior flange 724 of the lateral articular surface 410 and the posterior point 726 on the lateral condyle 412 and / or the medial condyle 414.

[0038] However, in order to optimize the condylar curvature of the lateral condyle 412 and the medial condyle 414 (which will be discussed below), Figure 8 (Discussed in more detail), the articulated femoral component 402 has a posterior condyle height 610 (see...) Figure 6 The posterior condyle height is greater than the posterior condyle height of each of the primary femoral component 202 and the revised femoral component 302. The posterior condyle height 610 of the articulated femoral component 402 (as well as the primary femoral component 202 and the revised femoral component 302) is defined as the distance between the furthest point 612 on at least one of the lateral condyles 412 or the medial condyles 414 and the nearest point 614 on the posterior side 616 of the corresponding lateral condyle 412 or the medial condyle 414.

[0039] See now Figure 8 The lateral condyle 412 and medial condyle 414 of the femoral articular surface 410 of the articulated femoral component 402 are configured to perform joint movement on the tibial articular surface 444 of the tibial insert 404 (see [link]). Figure 2 As discussed above, each of the lateral condyle 412 and the medial condyle 414 includes a condylar surface 800 having a condylar curvature shaped to facilitate articulated rotation of the femoral component 402 on the tibial insert 404. The condylar surface 800 is convexly curved in the bisecting plane, as... Figure 8and are formed by a plurality of curved surface segments 802, 804, 806, and 808, each of which is tangent to an adjacent curved surface segment. Each curved surface segment 802, 804, 806, and 808 contacts the tibial insert 404 over a different range of flexion. For example, curved surface segment 802 contacts the tibial insert 404 during an early to late range of flexion, curved surface segments 804, 806 contact the tibial insert 404 during an over-extended range, and curved surface segment 808 contacts the tibial insert 404 during an over-flexed range.

[0040] Each curved surface segment 802, 804, 806, and 808 is defined by a constant radius of curvature R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively. In an exemplary embodiment, the radius of curvature R2 of curved surface segment 804 and the radius of curvature R3 of curved surface segment 806 are each greater than the radius of curvature R1 of curved surface segment 802. Additionally, each of the radii of curvature R1, R2, and R3 is greater than the radius of curvature R4 of curved surface segment 808. For example, Figure 9 A table is shown that includes exemplary lengths for the constant radii of curvature R1, R2, and R3 of select sizes. As Figure 9 As shown, the constant radius of curvature R1 has a length in a range of about 20.00 millimeters to about 27.25 millimeters, the constant radius of curvature R2 has a length in a range of about 103.25 millimeters to about 99.50 millimeters, and the constant radius of curvature R3 has a length in a range of about 25.00 millimeters to about 36.25 millimeters. Additionally, to support the additional varus / valgus stability provided by the articulated orthopedic prosthesis 400, the ratios of R1 / R2, R1 / R3, and R2 / R3 fall within defined ranges. For example, the ratio of R1 / R2 is in a range of about 0.19 to about 0.28, and in an exemplary embodiment, in a range of about 0.1952 to about 0.2722. The ratio of R1 / R3 is in a range of about 0.74 to about 0.81, and in an exemplary embodiment, in a range of about 0.7487 to about 0.8014. Similarly, the ratio of R3 / R2 is in a range of about 0.24 to about 0.37, and in an exemplary embodiment, in a range of about 0.2436 to about 0.3659. It should be appreciated that the lengths and ratios provided above are for an exemplary size range of size 3 to size 8, and the lengths and ratios provided can vary if additional or different sizes are considered.

[0041] Referring back to Figure 8In an exemplary embodiment, a curved surface segment 802 defined by a radius of curvature R1 is configured to contact the tibial insert 404 during typical flexion range of use and extend from a first flexion degree θ1 to a second flexion degree θ2. The specific flexion range of the curved surface segment 802 may be based on various criteria, including the desired movement characteristics of the articulated femoral component 402, the size of the articulated femoral component 402, individual patient aspects, and / or other factors. For example, in some embodiments, the first flexion degree θ1 may be zero degrees of flexion or less (i.e., hyperextension). Additionally, in some embodiments, the second flexion degree θ2 may be at least 90 degrees of flexion, at least 100 degrees of flexion, at least 120 degrees of flexion, or greater. In one specific embodiment, the first flexion degree θ1 is equal to or about 3 degrees of hyperextension, and the second flexion degree θ2 is equal to or about 120 degrees of flexion.

[0042] like Figure 8 As shown, the origin O of the radius of curvature R1 of the defined curved surface segment 802 coincides with or is located on the flexion-extension rotation axis 470 of the articulated femoral component 402 (see also...). Figure 2 Therefore, due to the positioning of the origin O and the constant radius of curvature R1, the inferior-superior position of the articulated femoral component 402 relative to the tibial insert 404 remains substantially constant during normal flexion (e.g., the flexion range between the first flexion degree θ1 and the second flexion degree θ2). In this way, the "piston movement" (i.e., the vertical movement of the femoral component 402) relative to the tibial insert 404 is reduced or, in other words, eliminated. Additionally, as... Figure 8 As shown, the origin O of the radius of curvature R1 of the curved surface section 802 is located behind the axis 810 defined by the femoral column 420, at a distance of 812.

[0043] The curved surface segment 804, defined by the radius of curvature R2, is configured to contact the tibial insert 404 during the overextension range and extends from a first flexion angle θ1 to a third flexion angle θ3, which is smaller than the first flexion angle θ1. That is, the third flexion angle θ3 is an overextension angle larger than the first flexion angle θ1. As described above, the curved surface segment 804 is tangent to the curved surface segment 802 and includes a rear end 820 tangent to the front end 822 of the curved surface segment 802.

[0044] Similar to the curved surface segment 804, the curved surface segment 806, defined by the radius of curvature R3, is configured to contact the tibial insert 404 during the overextension range and extends from a third flexion angle θ3 to a fourth flexion angle θ4, which is smaller than the third flexion angle θ3. That is, the fourth flexion angle θ3 is an overextension angle larger than the third flexion angle θ3. The curved surface segment 806 is tangent to the curved surface segment 804 and includes a rear end 824 tangent to the front end 826 of the curved surface segment 804.

[0045] A curved surface segment 808, defined by a radius of curvature R4, is configured to contact the tibial insert 404 during the excessive flexion range and extends from a second flexion degree θ2 to a fifth flexion degree θ5 greater than the second flexion degree θ2. As described above, the curved surface segment 808 is tangent to the curved surface segment 802, and the curved surface segment 808 includes a distal end 828 tangent to the proximal end 830 of the curved surface segment 802. The curved surface segment 808 is designed to encompass the axial curvature of the condylar surface 800 from the curved surface segment 802 to the flat or planar proximal segment 840 of the condylar surface 800.

[0046] Re-reference Figure 2 An exemplary housing assembly 408 includes an upper housing 430 and a housing rod 432 extending downward from the upper housing 430. The housing assembly 408 is configured to attach to a hinged femoral component 402. For example, the upper housing 430 is shaped and sized to be received within an intercondylar box 418 of the femur. The upper housing 430 includes an attachment feature 434 configured to correspond to a corresponding attachment feature 620 of the hinged femoral component 402 (see [link to attachment feature 620]). Figure 6 and Figure 7 The articulated femoral component 402 is attached to the housing assembly 408 in a coordinated or, in other words, jointed manner.

[0047] Additionally, in an exemplary embodiment, the housing assembly 408 includes a transverse pin 436 extending outward from the upper housing 430. The transverse pin 436 is configured to be received in a corresponding transverse pin aperture 622 within the intercondylar box 418 defined in the articulated femoral component 402 (see [link to previous embodiment]). Figure 6 In this configuration, the articulated femoral component 402 is secured to the housing assembly 408. When secured in this manner, the articulated femoral component 402 is rotatable relative to the upper housing 430 about a rotation axis 470, as discussed above.

[0048] The exemplary housing assembly 408 also includes a mounting flange 438 positioned toward the underside of the upper housing 430 and extending outward from the housing rod 432. The mounting flange 438 is configured to receive in a corresponding mounting undercut or recess 1032 of the internal channel 1020 of the tibial insert 404 (see [link to documentation]). Figure 12) to secure the shell assembly 408 to the tibial insert 404. Illustratively, the mounting flange 438 has a rectangular shape and is configured to limit or otherwise constrain rotational movement of the shell assembly 408 relative to the tibial insert 404 when the shell assembly 408 is coupled to the tibial insert 404. However, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments, the mounting flange 438 can have other geometric shapes.

[0049] The tibial insert 404 of the articulating orthopedic prosthesis 400 includes a platform 440 having an upper surface 442 including a tibial articular surface 444 and a lower surface 446 opposite the upper surface 442. Additionally, the tibial insert 404 includes a tibial stem 448 extending downwardly from the lower surface 446 of the platform 440.

[0050] As discussed above, the tibial articular surface 444 is configured to articulate with the femoral articular surface 410 of the articulating femoral component 402. To this end, as shown in Figures 10 to 13 the tibial articular surface 444 includes a lateral articular surface 1012 configured to articulate with the lateral condyle 412 of the articulating femoral component 402 and a medial articular surface 1014 configured to articulate with the medial condyle 414 of the articulating femoral component 402. As noted above, the tibial insert 404 also includes an elongated interior passage 1020 (see Figure 12 ) extending longitudinally through the tibial stem 448. The interior passage 1020 includes an opening 1030 on the upper surface 442 of the platform 440 between the lateral articular surface 1012 and the medial articular surface 1014. The interior passage 1020 and the associated opening 1030 are sized and configured to receive the shell stem 432 of the shell assembly 408 to facilitate coupling of the shell assembly 408 and the femoral component 402 to the tibial insert 404. For example, the diameter and length of the interior passage 1020 is greater than the diameter and length of the shell stem 432, which allows the shell stem 432 to undergo a certain amount of "piston-like movement" under certain conditions. Additionally, as discussed above with respect to Figure 2 the interior passage 1020 of the tibial insert 404 includes a mounting undercut 1032 configured to receive the mounting flange 438 of the shell assembly 408 to facilitate attachment of the shell assembly 408 to the tibial insert 404.

[0051] As shown in Figure 11 each of the lateral articular surface 1012 and the medial articular surface 1014 includes a corresponding dwell point 1022, 1024, respectively. The dwell point 1022 defines a distal-most point of the lateral articular surface 1012 and the dwell point 1024 defines a distal-most point of the medial articular surface 1014. As Figure 13As shown, each of the dwell points 1022, 1024 is located posteriorly of the axis 1310 defined by the tibial stem 448 by a distance 1312.

[0052] As discussed above, the lateral articular surface 1012 is configured to articulate with the lateral condyle 412 of the articulating femoral component 402, and the medial articular surface 1014 is configured to articulate with the medial condyle 414 of the articulating femoral component 402. Accordingly, each of the lateral articular surface 1012 and the medial articular surface 1014 includes an articular surface 1300 having a curvature shaped to facilitate articulating (flexion-extension) rotation of the femoral component 402 on the tibial insert 404. The articular surface 1300 is generally concavely curved in the longitudinal split plane, as shown, and is formed by a plurality of surface segments 1302, 1304, 1306. The surface segment 1302 is a half-plane and extends anteriorly from the corresponding dwell point 1022, 1024. As used herein, the term "half-plane" refers to a surface segment that is planar or otherwise defined by a radius of curvature that is at least three times the length of the radius of curvature of an adjacent curved segment. It will be appreciated that, due to the half-plane nature of the anterior surface segment 1302 and its abutment with the dwell points 1022, 1024, in some embodiments, the anterior surface segment 1302 can form a "dwell region." Figure 13 As discussed above, the lateral articular surface 1012 is configured to articulate with the lateral condyle 412 of the articulating femoral component 402, and the medial articular surface 1014 is configured to articulate with the medial condyle 414 of the articulating femoral component 402. Accordingly, each of the lateral articular surface 1012 and the medial articular surface 1014 includes an articular surface 1300 having a curvature shaped to facilitate articulating (flexion-extension) rotation of the femoral component 402 on the tibial insert 404. The articular surface 1300 is generally concavely curved in the longitudinal split plane, as shown, and is formed by a plurality of surface segments 1302, 1304, 1306. The surface segment 1302 is a half-plane and extends anteriorly from the corresponding dwell point 1022, 1024. As used herein, the term "half-plane" refers to a surface segment that is planar or otherwise defined by a radius of curvature that is at least three times the length of the radius of curvature of an adjacent curved segment. It will be appreciated that, due to the half-plane nature of the anterior surface segment 1302 and its abutment with the dwell points 1022, 1024, in some embodiments, the anterior surface segment 1302 can form a "dwell region."

[0053] The surface segment 1304 is curved in the longitudinal split plane and extends posteriorly from the respective dwell point 1022, 1024. The surface segment 1304 is defined by a constant radius of curvature R5. In an exemplary embodiment, the constant radius of curvature R5 is equal to or otherwise substantially similar to the constant radius of curvature Rl defining the femoral curved surface segment 802. Similarly, the surface segment 1306 is curved in the longitudinal split plane and extends anteriorly from the respective dwell point 1022, 1024. The surface segment 1306 is defined by a constant radius of curvature R6. In an exemplary embodiment, the constant radius of curvature R6 has a value that is different than the value of the constant radius of curvature R5.

[0054] Now referring back to Figure 2 The tibial tray 406 includes a base plate 450 configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared proximal end of a patient's tibia (not shown). As noted above, the tibial tray 406 can be identical to the revision tibial tray 306. For example, in some embodiments, the articulating femoral component 402, the housing assembly 408, and the tibial insert 404 can be configured for use with the revision tibial tray 306 such that the tibial tray 306 need not be replaced during an orthopedic surgical procedure for implanting the articulating orthopedic prosthetic 400.

[0055] The example tibial tray 406 includes a tibial tray stem 452 that extends downward or distally from the base plate 450. The tibial tray stem 452 includes an interior passage 454 that extends longitudinally through the tibial tray stem 452. The interior passage 454 includes an opening 456 located on the base plate 450. The interior passage 454 and associated opening 456 are shaped, sized, and configured to receive the tibial stem 448 of the tibial insert 404 to facilitate coupling of the tibial insert (and femoral component 402 and housing assembly 408) to the tibial tray 406.

[0056] Referring now to Figure 14 In use and as discussed above, the articulating femoral component 402 is configured to articulate on the tibial insert 404 over a range of flexion. As Figure 14 shown, when the femoral component 402 is coupled to the tibial insert 404, the origin O of the constant radius of curvature R1 and the dwell points 1022, 1024 of the tibial articular surface 1300 are located posterior to the axis 810 defined by the femoral stem 420 and the axis 1310 defined by the tibial stem 448. Additionally, at full extension as Figure 14 shown, the origin O of the constant radius of curvature R1 defining the curved surface segment 802 of the condylar surface 800 of the articulating femoral component 402 is located directly above the dwell points 1022, 1024 of the corresponding lateral / medial articular surfaces 1012, 1014 of the tibial articular surface 1300 of the tibial insert 404 as indicated by the line 1400. Due to the constant radius of curvature R1 and the articulating arrangement of the femoral component 402, the origin O remains in this position throughout the operable range of flexion (e.g., from the first flexion θ1 to the second flexion θ2). In this way, the articulating orthopaedic prosthesis 400 provides a certain amount of varus / valgus constraint and stability throughout the operable range of flexion.

[0057] It should be appreciated that in some embodiments, the primary orthopedic prosthesis 200, the revision orthopedic prosthesis 300, and the articulating orthopedic prosthesis 400 form an orthopedic prosthesis system configured to improve the ease of replacing the primary orthopedic prosthesis 200 with the revision orthopedic prosthesis 300 and replacing the revision orthopedic prosthesis 300 with the articulating orthopedic prosthesis 400. For example, in some embodiments, the intercondylar box of each of the prostheses 200, 300, and 400 is sized to be substantially the same size, such that no additional box cut is needed when replacing one prosthesis with another (e.g., replacing the revision orthopedic prosthesis 300 with the articulating orthopedic prosthesis 400). Additionally, the prostheses 200, 300, and 400 can have common features across each prosthesis to facilitate similar use. For example, in some embodiments, the trochlear groove of each prosthesis 200, 300, and 400 has a similar or identical geometry to support similar tracking of native or prosthetic patella across the different prostheses 200, 300, and 400.

[0058] While the disclosure has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description is to be considered exemplary and not restrictive in character, it being understood that only illustrative implementation have been shown and described and that all changes and modifications that come within the spirit of the disclosure are desired to be protected.

[0059] The various features of the methods, devices, and systems described herein provide the disclosure with a number of advantages. It should be noted that alternative embodiments of the methods, devices, and systems of the disclosure can not include all of the described features, but can still benefit from at least some of these features. For the above-described methods, devices, and systems, one of ordinary skill in the art can readily contemplate his own implementations of this disclosure that can incorporate one or more of the features of the present disclosure and fall within the spirit and scope of the disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An articulating orthopedic prosthesis system, comprising: a femoral component configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared distal end of a patient's femur, the femoral component including a lateral condyle and a medial condyle spaced apart from one another and a femoral intercondylar box defined between the lateral condyle and the medial condyle, wherein at least one of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle includes a femoral articulation surface; a housing assembly including an upper housing and a housing stem extending downwardly from the upper housing, wherein the upper housing is configured to be received into the femoral intercondylar box of the femoral component to couple the femoral component to the housing assembly, wherein the femoral component is rotatable relative to the housing assembly about a flexion-extension rotational axis; and a tibial component including (i) a platform having an upper surface including a tibial articulation surface configured to articulate with the femoral articulation surface of the femoral component; and (ii) a tibial stem extending downwardly from a lower surface of the platform and including an internal passage having an opening on the upper surface of the platform and configured to receive the housing stem of the housing assembly; wherein the femoral articulation surface contacts the tibial articulation surface at a first contact point on the femoral articulation surface at a first flexion of 0 degrees or less and contacts the tibial articulation surface at a second contact point on the femoral articulation surface at a second flexion of greater than 90 degrees, and wherein the femoral articulation surface has a first curved surface segment extending from the first contact point to the second contact point, and wherein the first curved surface segment has a constant radius of curvature when viewed in a longitudinal split plane, and an origin of the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment coincides with the flexion-extension rotational axis.

2. The articulating orthopedic prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein, the first flexion is an overextension of about 3 degrees.

3. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein, the second flexion is a flexion of greater than 100 degrees.

4. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system according to any preceding claim, wherein, the second flexion is a flexion of about 120 degrees.

5. The articulating orthopedic prosthesis system of claim 1, wherein, the first flexion is an overextension of about 3 degrees and the second flexion is a flexion of about 120 degrees.

6. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system according to any preceding claim, wherein, the first curved surface segment includes an anterior end, and wherein the femoral articulation surface further includes a second curved surface segment having a posterior end that is tangent to the anterior end of the first curved surface segment and extending anteriorly from the first curved surface segment, wherein the second curved surface segment has a first radius of curvature and a second radius of curvature different from the first radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal split plane, and wherein each of the first and second radii of curvature is greater than the constant radius of curvature.

7. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system according to any preceding claim, wherein, the first curved surface segment includes a proximal end opposite the anterior end, and the second curved surface segment includes a posterior end opposite the anterior end. wherein the femoral articular surface further comprises a third curved surface segment having a distal end that is tangent to a proximal end of the first curved surface segment and extending proximally from the first curved surface segment, wherein the third curved surface segment has a third radius of curvature that is less than the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the constant radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal split plane, wherein the femoral articular surface contacts the tibial articular surface at a third point of contact on the femoral articular surface at a third flexion angle that is greater than the second flexion angle, and wherein a position of the flexion-extension rotational axis relative to the tibial component when the femoral component is articulated to the third flexion angle is different than a position of the flexion-extension rotational axis when the femoral component is articulated to the second flexion angle.

8. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system according to any preceding claim, wherein, the tibial component comprises a tibial tray having a base plate configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared proximal end of a patient's tibia and a tibial stem extending inferiorly from the base plate, and 9. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system according to any preceding claim, wherein, the tibial articular surface comprises a first tibial surface segment having a constant radius of curvature posterior to the dwell point.

10. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system of any preceding claim, wherein, the constant radius of curvature of the tibial articular surface is equal to the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment.

11. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system of any preceding claim, wherein, the tibial articular surface comprises a second tibial surface segment adjacent to and anterior to the dwell point and a third tibial surface segment adjacent to and anterior to the second tibial surface segment, wherein the second tibial surface segment is substantially planar and the third tibial surface segment has a constant radius of curvature.

12. The articulated orthopedic prosthesis system of any preceding claim, wherein, the tibial component comprises (i) a tibial insert having the platform and the tibial stem; and (ii) a tibial tray having a base plate configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared proximal end of a patient's tibia and having a tray stem extending inferiorly from the base plate, and comprising an internal passage having an opening on an upper surface of the base plate and extending into the tibial tray stem, the internal passage of the tibial tray being configured to receive the tibial stem of the tibial insert.

13. An orthopaedic prosthesis comprising: an articulating femoral component configured to be coupled to a surgically prepared distal end of a patient's femur, the articulating femoral component comprising a lateral condyle and a medial condyle spaced apart from one another, wherein at least one of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle comprises a femoral articular surface; and a tibial component comprising a platform having an upper surface comprising a tibial articular surface configured to articulate with the femoral articular surface of the femoral component, wherein the femoral articular surface further comprises a third curved surface segment having a distal end that is tangent to a proximal end of the first curved surface segment and extending proximally from the first curved surface segment, wherein the third curved surface segment has a third radius of curvature that is less than the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the constant radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal split plane, wherein the femoral articular surface contacts the tibial articular surface at a third point of contact on the femoral articular surface at a third flexion angle that is greater than the second flexion angle, and wherein a position of the flexion-extension rotational axis relative to the tibial component when the femoral component is articulated to the third flexion angle is different than a position of the flexion-extension rotational axis when the femoral component is articulated to the second flexion angle. wherein the articulating femoral component is configured to rotate about a flexion-extension rotational axis such that the femoral articular surface contacts the tibial articular surface at a first contact point on the femoral articular surface at a first flexion of 0 degrees or less and contacts the tibial articular surface at a second contact point on the femoral articular surface at a second flexion of greater than 90 degrees, and wherein the femoral articular surface has a first curved surface segment that extends from the first contact point to the second contact point, and wherein the first curved surface segment has a constant radius of curvature when viewed in a longitudinal split plane, and an origin of the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment coincides with the flexion-extension rotational axis.

14. The orthopedic prosthesis of claim 13, wherein, the first flexion is hyperextension of about 3 degrees, and the second flexion is flexion of about 120 degrees.

15. The orthopedic prosthesis of claim 13 or claim 14, wherein, the first curved surface segment includes an anterior end and a proximal end opposite the anterior end, wherein the femoral articular surface includes a second curved surface segment having a posterior end that is tangent to the anterior end of the first curved surface segment and extends anteriorly from the first curved surface segment, wherein the second curved surface segment has a first radius of curvature and a second radius of curvature different from the first radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal split plane, and wherein each of the first radius of curvature and the second radius of curvature is greater than the constant radius of curvature, and wherein the femoral articular surface further includes a third curved surface segment having a distal end that is tangent to the proximal end of the first curved surface segment and extends proximally from the first curved surface segment, wherein the third curved surface segment has a third radius of curvature that is less than the first radius of curvature, the second radius of curvature, and the constant radius of curvature when viewed in the longitudinal split plane.

16. The orthopedic prosthesis of any of claims 13 to 15, wherein, the tibial component further includes a tibial stem defining a tibial stem axis, and wherein the flexion-extension rotational axis is posterior to the tibial stem axis.

17. The orthopedic prosthesis of claim 16, wherein, the tibial component includes (i) a tibial insert having the platform and the tibial stem; and (ii) a tibial tray having a base plate configured to couple to a surgically prepared proximal end of a patient’s tibia and having a tray stem extending inferiorly from the base plate, and including an internal passage having an opening on an upper surface of the base plate and extending into the tibial tray stem, the internal passage of the tibial tray being configured to receive the tibial stem of the tibial insert.

18. The orthopedic prosthesis of any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein, the tibial articular surface includes a dwell point defining a distal-most point on the tibial articular surface, and wherein the tibial articular surface includes a first tibial surface segment posterior to the dwell point, the first tibial surface segment having a constant radius of curvature equal to the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment.

19. An orthopaedic prosthetic system, comprising: a primary orthopedic prosthesis comprising a primary femoral component and a primary tibial component, wherein the primary femoral component is configured for articulation with the primary tibial component, and wherein a distance between a most medial point on the primary femoral component and a most lateral point on the primary femoral component defines a medial-lateral width of the primary femoral component, and a distance between a most anterior point on the primary femoral component and a most posterior point on the primary femoral component defines an anterior-posterior width of the primary femoral component; a revision orthopedic prosthesis comprising a revision femoral component and a revision tibial component, wherein the revision femoral component is configured for articulation with the revision tibial component, and wherein a distance between a most medial point on the revision femoral component and a most lateral point on the revision femoral component defines a medial-lateral width of the revision femoral component, and a distance between a most anterior point on the revision femoral component and a most posterior point on the revision femoral component defines an anterior-posterior width of the revision femoral component; and an articulated orthopedic prosthesis comprising (i) an articulated femoral component comprising a lateral condyle and a medial condyle spaced apart from one another, wherein at least one of the lateral condyle and the medial condyle comprises a femoral articulation surface, and (ii) a tibial component comprising a platform having an upper surface comprising a tibial articulation surface configured for articulation with the femoral articulation surface of the femoral component, wherein a distance between a most medial point on the articulated femoral component and a most lateral point on the articulated femoral component defines a medial-lateral width of the articulated femoral component, and a distance between a most anterior point on the articulated femoral component and a most posterior point on the articulated femoral component defines an anterior-posterior width of the articulated femoral component; wherein the medial-lateral widths of the primary femoral component, the revision femoral component, and the articulated femoral component are equal, and wherein the anterior-posterior widths of the primary femoral component, the revision femoral component, and the articulated femoral component are equal, wherein the femoral articulation surface of the articulated femoral component contacts a tibial articulation surface of the tibial component of the articulated orthopedic prosthesis at a first point of contact on the femoral articulation surface at about 3 degrees of hyperextension, and contacts the tibial articulation surface at a second point of contact on the femoral articulation surface at about 120 degrees of flexion, and wherein the femoral articulation surface has a first curved surface segment extending from the first point of contact to the second point of contact, and wherein the first curved surface segment has a constant radius of curvature when viewed in a longitudinal split plane, and an origin of the constant radius of curvature of the first curved surface segment coincides with the flexion-extension rotational axis.

20. The orthopedic prosthesis system of claim 19, wherein: the femoral component includes at least one primary femoral condyle having a distal-most point and a proximal-most point on a posterior side of the primary femoral condyle, wherein a distance between the distal-most point and the proximal-most point of the primary femoral condyle defines a primary posterior condylar height of the primary femoral component, the femoral component includes at least one revision femoral condyle having a distal-most point and a proximal-most point on a posterior side of the revision femoral condyle, wherein a distance between the distal-most point and the proximal-most point of the revision femoral condyle defines a revision posterior condylar height of the revision femoral component, at least one of a medial condyle and a lateral condyle of the articulating femoral component includes a distal-most point and a proximal-most point on a posterior side of the corresponding medial condyle or lateral condyle, wherein a distance between the distal-most point and the proximal-most point of the corresponding medial condyle or lateral condyle defines an articulating posterior condylar height of the articulating femoral component, and wherein the articulating posterior condylar height is greater than each of the primary posterior condylar height and the revision posterior condylar height. the femoral component includes at least one primary femoral condyle having a distal-most point and a proximal-most point on a posterior side of the primary femoral condyle, wherein a distance between the distal-most point and the proximal-most point of the primary femoral condyle defines a primary posterior condylar height of the primary femoral component, the femoral component includes at least one revision femoral condyle having a distal-most point and a proximal-most point on a posterior side of the revision femoral condyle, wherein a distance between the distal-most point and the proximal-most point of the revision femoral condyle defines a revision posterior condylar height of the revision femoral component, at least one of a medial condyle and a lateral condyle of the articulating femoral component includes a distal-most point and a proximal-most point on a posterior side of the corresponding medial condyle or lateral condyle, wherein a distance between the distal-most point and the proximal-most point of the corresponding medial condyle or lateral condyle defines an articulating posterior condylar height of the articulating femoral component, and wherein the articulating posterior condylar height is greater than each of the primary posterior condylar height and the revision posterior condylar height.

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