Soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis method

Abstract

This invention discloses a soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis, belonging to the field of environmental monitoring technology. By setting up a limiting turntable and symmetrically placing multiple experimental groups and blank control groups, this invention simultaneously performs ion concentration curve plotting and electrolysis using an experimental group electrolysis and a blank control group titration and electrolysis method, thus improving work efficiency to a certain extent. Due to the multi-station setup, the placement and position of the working electrode and material bottle can be flexibly adjusted during actual measurement. Through its integrated multi-station design, this invention enables synchronous or sequential automatic measurement of experimental groups and blank control groups, reducing manual operation steps and improving experimental efficiency and consistency of the analytical process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring technology, and in particular relates to a soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, when using electrochemical workstations to measure complex multi-component samples such as soil, background ion interference can severely affect the accuracy of the target ion response current. A conventional solution is to pre-calibrate using standard curves obtained through titration, but differences in time and environment between offline calibration and online measurement introduce "time-shift error," reducing the reliability of the final results.

[0003] However, in conventional techniques, when conducting systematic analysis using the controlled variable method in the laboratory or manually, it is necessary to serialize the experimental group and multiple blank control groups. Manual operation is cumbersome, time-consuming, and makes it difficult to ensure strict consistency of conditions between steps, resulting in lax variable control and decreased data comparability.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing technologies often struggle to integrate the two analytical methods mentioned above. In other words, there is a lack of a dedicated device that can integrate functions such as isolated sample storage, automatic on-demand sample injection, simultaneous titration and electrolysis measurements, and maintenance of a constant temperature environment, in order to achieve full automation of the controlled variable electrochemical analysis process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to provide a soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis. Its core concept is to use a rotatable multi-station sample carrying system and an electrode measurement system linked to it, along with integrated temperature control and titration functions, to synchronously arrange the calibration process of the blank control group and the measurement process of the experimental group in space and time. This allows for the precise execution of controlled variable analysis within an automated and controlled closed loop, overcoming the problems of offline calibration errors and inconsistencies in manual operation.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention relates to a soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis, comprising a central control station and an electrolysis working chamber. A transmission box is bolted and fixed between the central control station and the electrolysis working chamber, and the two are connected via the transmission box. The central control station has a built-in regulating motor, one end of which extends through the transmission box into the interior of the electrolysis working chamber. In this technical solution, the central control station is primarily an electrochemical working station, possessing the basic functions of a conventional electrochemical working station, while also incorporating relevant features of this solution to achieve control and regulation of relevant components within the device. This solution mainly addresses the subsequent processes of soil composition determination. Specifically, during actual operation of the device, the soil to be tested needs to be pretreated. The pretreatment process includes dissolving the soil in water, centrifuging to obtain a supernatant, and then applying different potentials to samples of the supernatant. The corresponding ion concentration is calculated by measuring the change in current in the solution. For the controlled variable method upon which this solution is based, a blank control group is set up, and an ion concentration curve is first plotted using titration. Then, the corresponding variables are controlled according to the measurement requirements to obtain comprehensive measurement data.

[0008] Preferably, the electrolysis working chamber includes a temperature control module, an installation and adjustment module, a working module, and a transmission mechanism. The installation and adjustment module includes a limiting turntable, the outer side of which is rotatably engaged with the inner wall of the electrolysis working chamber. It should be noted that a ratchet structure is provided at the rotatable engagement point between the limiting turntable and the inner wall of the electrolysis working chamber, ensuring that the limiting turntable can only rotate in one direction, thus preventing other working mechanisms from affecting its state. The working module includes a connecting plate, connecting arms, several working electrodes, and several material bottles. The connecting plate is located below the limiting turntable and rotatably engages with it. The lower surface of the connecting plate is bolted to several connecting arms, with the connecting arms centered on the connecting plate. The centers are arranged in a circular array; the upper surface of one end of the connecting arm is engaged and fixed with the working electrode; the material bottle is set directly above the working electrode and cooperates with it; the upper surface of the limiting turntable has several clamping grooves, and the material bottle is engaged and fixed with the clamping grooves; in accordance with the basic logic of this scheme, the material bottle is used to hold the aforementioned supernatant. In actual work, the two connecting arms correspond to the electrolysis working group and the blank titration group, respectively. The working method of the blank titration group is as follows: first, the type of ion to be detected is determined, and the corresponding ion in the supernatant of the control group is removed by chemical reactions such as oxidation-reduction. Then, a standard solution of the ion to be detected is prepared and titrated and electrolyzed in the blank control group.

[0009] An isolation valve plate is adhered and fixed to the inner surface of the material bottle. The isolation valve plate has an annular structure, and an isolation valve tube is slidably engaged on its inner side. The wall of the isolation valve tube has an inlet hole and a outlet hole, with the inlet hole located above the outlet hole. Both holes communicate with the interior of the isolation valve tube. The inlet hole is sealed and fitted with the isolation valve plate. A baffle is welded and fixed to the lower end of the isolation valve tube. The baffle is located below the isolation valve plate and a connecting spring is welded and fixed to the isolation valve plate. Under normal conditions, the isolation valve tube hangs down naturally. At this time, because the inlet hole is sealed by the isolation valve plate, the clear liquid in the material bottle cannot flow out through the isolation valve tube, thus providing a good sealing effect for the clear liquid inside the material bottle.

[0010] On the other hand, the lower end of the material bottle is provided with an electrolysis chamber, which is an integral structure with the material bottle and is interconnected. The material bottle is connected to the outside through an isolation valve plate and the electrolysis chamber in sequence. As mentioned above, under natural conditions, the liquid inlet is blocked, so the clear liquid cannot flow into the electrolysis chamber. There is a slot between the material bottle and the electrolysis chamber. The inner surface of the clamping slot is provided with a clamping plate, and when the material bottle is installed inside the clamping slot, the clamping plate engages with the slot.

[0011] Preferably, the working electrode is a tubular structure with an electrode plug slidably engaged inside. A push plate is welded to the lower end of the electrode plug, and the push plate is disposed inside the working electrode, with a supporting spring welded between it and the inner surface of the working electrode. A connecting groove is formed on the circumferential side of the electrode plug, and at least two sets of electrode rods are welded to the inner surface of the connecting groove, electrically connected to each other. It should be noted that in actual operation, two sets of starting electrodes are also embedded in the upper surface of the working electrode. Under normal conditions, although the starting electrodes are connected to the circuit, they are in an open-circuit state. Simultaneously, a conductive plate is provided on the lower surface of the electrolysis chamber. The starting electrode is directly connected to the electrode; in addition, a starting block is installed on the inner bottom surface of the working electrode. The starting block is an electromagnet, and the push plate is a permanent magnet. The starting block is electrically connected to the starting electrode. When it is energized, it repels the push plate magnetically. Combining the above structure, when the working electrode is located directly below the material bottle, the electrode plug is pushed upward into the interior of the electrolysis chamber under the action of the support spring and magnetic repulsion. At the same time, the isolation valve tube is pushed upward, thereby removing the sealing effect from the liquid inlet. At this time, the clear liquid flows from the material bottle into the electrolysis chamber through the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet in sequence, and contacts the electrode rod to start the electrolysis reaction.

[0012] The upper surface of the connecting arm is provided with a connecting groove, and a contact guide plate is welded and fixed to the inner surface of the connecting groove; a connecting block is welded and fixed to the lower end of the working electrode, and when the connecting block is engaged and fixed inside the connecting groove, it contacts and conducts electricity with the contact guide plate.

[0013] Preferably, the material bottle has a hollow wall structure, and a temperature control tube is adhered and fixed inside it, wherein the temperature control tube has a spiral tube structure; a connecting pipe head is welded to the outer wall of the material bottle, and the connecting pipe head is connected to the temperature control tube through the bottle wall; the temperature control module includes a water bath and a liquid injection pipe, wherein the water bath is bolted and fixed to the upper surface of the limiting turntable, and an electric heater is installed on its inner surface; the bottom of the water bath is welded to at least two sets of liquid injection pipes, and the two sets of liquid injection pipes are positioned opposite each other; a regulating valve is installed on the surface of the liquid injection pipe, and the drain end of the liquid injection pipe is inserted into the connecting pipe head, wherein the insertion point of the two is a sealed structure.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting turntable has a plurality of clamping cavities inside, wherein the clamping cavities are arranged between two adjacent clamping slots; a clamping bolt is slidably engaged inside the clamping cavity, and one end of the clamping bolt extends into the clamping slot, while the other end is welded and fixed to the inner surface of the clamping cavity with a clamping spring.

[0015] Preferably, the electrolysis working box has two sets of feeding ports on its wall, and the two sets of feeding ports are positioned opposite each other; a driven shaft is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the connecting plate, and a driven gear is welded and fixed to the lower end of the driven shaft; a drive gear is welded and fixed to the output end of the main shaft of the regulating motor, and the drive gear meshes with the driven gear.

[0016] Preferably, the contact guide plate is electrically connected to the electrode rod via a guide block and a support spring in sequence; the limiting turntable is connected to the connecting plate via a ratchet; the water bath is provided with a hot water zone and a cold water zone, which are isolated from each other and both are connected to the injection pipe; in combination with the above structure, it should be noted that the water inlet end of the injection pipe is connected to both the hot water zone and the cold water zone, and the regulating valve is a three-way valve, that is, the water temperature is controlled by controlling the ratio of hot and cold water inflow, and the mixed water is injected into the temperature control pipe to regulate the electrolysis environment temperature in the material bottle; of course, due to the structural relationship, in actual testing, it can also be used as a quantitative setting to address the influence of temperature.

[0017] Preferably, the central control station is an electrochemical workstation, which includes a potential adjustment module, an analysis and calculation module, a digital-to-analog conversion module, and a display module. The potential adjustment module is electrically connected to the contact plate and adjusts and controls the potential of the two sets of electrode rods through the contact plate. The analysis and calculation module receives the current change signals in the electrode rods and the mixture to be tested, and then converts them into digital information through the digital-to-analog conversion module. Based on the standard ionization curve of the corresponding ion, the current ion concentration information data is calculated. The standard ionization curve of the corresponding ion is the standard concentration curve of the corresponding ion plotted by titration.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention achieves synchronization of calibration and measurement, fundamentally eliminating "time shift error": through a unique rotating station design and the coordination of the electrode-working electrode and isolation valve tube, the present invention enables the titration-electrolysis process of the blank control group and the electrolysis process of the experimental group to be completed alternately in the same device, within the same time period, and by the same set of electrode systems, ensuring the time synchronization and environmental consistency of the standard curve and sample measurement data, thereby significantly improving the absolute accuracy of the analytical results.

[0020] This ensures a high degree of consistency and automation in the implementation of the controlled variable method: Through the coordinated / independent rotation design of the limiting turntable and connecting plate, combined with the temperature control module, the system can automatically and sequentially move multiple experimental groups and control groups to the measurement station. All samples undergo the same temperature control environment, electrode contact logic, and measurement timing, achieving strict automation of variable control. This greatly improves the relative accuracy and comparability between multiple sets of data, enabling the controlled variable method to be implemented scientifically and rigorously.

[0021] Improved efficiency and reliability of complex sample analysis: The multi-station integrated design combines sample storage, pretreatment, titration, electrolysis, and temperature control into a single sealed enclosure, reducing operational errors and cross-contamination risks associated with manual sample transfer, container cleaning, and equipment adjustments. A single sample loading can automatically complete the sequential analysis of multiple target ions, increasing analytical throughput while maintaining high precision.

[0022] The structural design serves the core functions, forming a functional closed loop: despite its relative complexity, the isolation valve design of the material bottle achieves both "normally closed sealing" and "on-demand operation," perfectly matching the needs of multi-station rotation and on-demand measurement; the temperature control tube integrated into the bottle wall enables direct and efficient temperature control. These designs collectively constitute a functional closed-loop system, the complexity of which is a necessary and reasonable design result for achieving the aforementioned high-precision, high-consistency automated analysis.

[0023] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is an assembly structure diagram of the soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-section AA;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A partial view of section B;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A partial view of section C;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A partial view of section D;

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the mid-section EE;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the mid-section of FF;

[0033] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A partial view of section G in the middle.

[0034] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0035] 1. Central control station; 2. Electrolysis working box; 3. Transmission box; 4. Limit turntable; 5. Connecting plate; 6. Connecting arm; 7. Working electrode; 8. Material bottle; 9. Clamping groove; 10. Isolation valve plate; 11. Isolation valve pipe; 12. Liquid inlet; 13. Liquid outlet; 14. Baffle; 15. Connecting spring; 16. Electrolysis chamber; 17. Clamping plate; 18. Electrode plug; 19. Push plate; 20. Support spring; 1. Electrode rod; 22. Connecting groove; 23. Contact guide plate; 24. Leading block; 25. Temperature control tube; 26. Water bath; 27. Injection tube; 28. Connecting tube head; 29. ​​Electric heater; 30. Regulating valve; 31. Clamping cavity; 32. Clamping bolt; 33. Clamping spring; 34. Feed port; 35. Driven shaft; 36. Driven gear; 37. Drive gear; 38. Hot water zone; 39. Cold water zone. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "middle," "outer," "inner," etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-9 As shown, this invention is a soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis, comprising a central control station 1 and an electrolysis working chamber 2. A transmission box 3 is bolted and fixed between the central control station 1 and the electrolysis working chamber 2, and the central control station 1 and the electrolysis working chamber 2 are connected through the transmission box 3. The central control station 1 has a built-in regulating motor, one end of which extends through the transmission box 3 into the interior of the electrolysis working chamber 2. In this technical solution, the central control station 1 is mainly an electrochemical working station, possessing the basic functions of a conventional electrochemical working station, and also incorporating relevant features of this solution to achieve control of the device. The effectiveness of controlling and adjusting internal components; this scheme mainly focuses on the follow-up process of soil composition determination. In actual operation of this device, the soil to be tested needs to be pretreated. The treatment scheme includes dissolving the soil to be tested in water, centrifuging to obtain the supernatant, and then sampling the supernatant and applying different potentials. The corresponding ion concentration is calculated by measuring the change in current in the solution. As for the controlled variable method based on this scheme, a blank control group is set up, and the ion concentration curve is first plotted by titration. Then, the corresponding variables are controlled according to the measurement requirements to obtain comprehensive measurement data.

[0039] Preferably, the electrolysis working chamber 2 is equipped with a temperature control module, an installation and adjustment module, a working module, and a transmission mechanism. The installation and adjustment module includes a limiting turntable 4, whose outer surface is rotatably engaged with the inner wall of the electrolysis working chamber 2. It should be noted that a ratchet structure is provided at the rotatable engagement point between the limiting turntable 4 and the inner wall of the electrolysis working chamber 2, ensuring that the limiting turntable 4 can only rotate in one direction, thus preventing other working mechanisms from affecting its state. The working module includes a connecting plate 5, connecting arms 6, several working electrodes 7, and several material bottles 8. The connecting plate 5 is located below the limiting turntable 4 and is rotatably engaged with it. The lower surface of the connecting plate 5 is bolted and fixed to several connecting arms 6, which are arranged in a circular array with the center of the connecting plate 5 as the center. The upper surface of one end of each connecting arm 6 is engaged and fixed with a working electrode 7. The material bottles 8 are... The material bottle 8 is positioned directly above the working electrode 7 and works in conjunction with it. Several clamping grooves 9 are provided on the upper surface of the limiting turntable 4, and the material bottle 8 is engaged and fixed with the clamping grooves 9. The limiting turntable 4 and the connecting plate 5 achieve precise angular displacement control through a ratchet and other structures, ensuring that the alignment accuracy of each material bottle 8 and the working electrode 7 is consistent, thereby ensuring the consistency of the geometric conditions and electrode contact resistance of each electrolysis reaction. Based on the basic logic method of this scheme, the material bottle 8 is used to hold the aforementioned supernatant. In actual work, the two connecting arms 6 correspond to the electrolysis working group and the blank titration group, respectively. The working method of the blank titration group is as follows: first, the type of ion to be detected is determined, and the corresponding ion in the supernatant of the control group is removed through chemical reactions such as oxidation-reduction. Then, a standard solution of the ion to be detected is prepared and titrated in the blank control group.

[0040] An isolation valve plate 10 is adhered and fixed to the inner surface of the material bottle 8. The isolation valve plate 10 has an annular plate structure, and an isolation valve tube 11 is slidably engaged on its inner side. The wall of the isolation valve tube 11 has an inlet hole 12 and a drain hole 13, with the inlet hole 12 located above the drain hole 13. Both are connected to the inside of the isolation valve tube 11. The inlet hole 12 is sealed and fitted with the isolation valve plate 10. A baffle 14 is welded and fixed to the lower end of the isolation valve tube 11. The baffle 14 is located below the isolation valve plate 10 and a connecting spring 15 is welded and fixed between it and the isolation valve plate 10. Under normal conditions, the isolation valve tube 11 hangs down naturally. At this time, because the inlet hole 12 is sealed by the isolation valve plate 10, the clear liquid in the material bottle 8 cannot flow out through the isolation valve tube 11, thus providing a good sealing effect for the clear liquid inside the material bottle 8.

[0041] On the other hand, an electrolysis chamber 16 is provided at the lower end of the material bottle 8. The electrolysis chamber 16 and the material bottle 8 are an integral structure and are interconnected. The material bottle 8 is connected to the outside through the isolation valve plate 10 and the electrolysis chamber 16 in sequence. As mentioned above, under natural conditions, the liquid inlet 12 is blocked, so the clear liquid cannot flow into the electrolysis chamber 16. There is a slot between the material bottle 8 and the electrolysis chamber 16. A retaining plate 17 is provided on the inner surface of the clamping groove 9. When the material bottle 8 is installed inside the clamping groove 9, the retaining plate 17 is engaged with the slot.

[0042] Preferably, the working electrode 7 has a tubular structure, with an electrode plug 18 slidingly engaged inside. A push plate 19 is welded and fixed to the lower end of the electrode plug 18. The push plate 19 is disposed inside the working electrode 7 and a supporting spring 20 is welded between it and the inner surface of the working electrode 7. A connecting groove is opened on the peripheral side of the electrode plug 18, and at least two sets of electrode rods 21 are welded and fixed to the inner surface of the connecting groove, and the two sets of electrode rods 21 are electrically connected to each other. It should be noted that in actual operation, two sets of starting electrodes are also embedded in the upper end face of the working electrode 7. Under normal conditions, although the starting electrodes are connected to the circuit, they are in an open circuit state. At the same time, a conductive plate is provided on the lower end face of the electrolysis chamber 16 for direct connection. The starting electrode is also equipped with a starting block on the inner bottom surface of the working electrode 7. The starting block is an electromagnet, and the push plate 19 is a permanent magnet. The starting block is electrically connected to the starting electrode and magnetically repels the push plate 19 when it is energized. In combination with the above structure, when the working electrode 7 is located directly below the material bottle 8, the electrode plug 18 is pushed upward into the electrolysis chamber 16 under the action of the support spring 20 and magnetic repulsion. At the same time, the isolation valve pipe 11 is pushed upward, thereby removing the sealing effect of the liquid inlet 12. At this time, the clear liquid flows from the material bottle 8 into the electrolysis chamber 16 through the liquid inlet 12 and the liquid outlet 13 in sequence, and contacts the electrode rod 21 to start the electrolysis reaction.

[0043] The upper surface of the connecting arm 6 is provided with a connecting groove 22, and a contact guide plate 23 is welded and fixed to the inner surface of the connecting groove 22; a guide block 24 is welded and fixed to the lower end of the working electrode 7, and when the guide block 24 is engaged and fixed inside the connecting groove 22, it contacts and conducts electricity with the contact guide plate 23.

[0044] Preferably, the material bottle 8 has a hollow wall structure, and a temperature control tube 25 is adhered and fixed inside it, wherein the temperature control tube 25 has a spiral tube structure; a connecting pipe head 28 is welded to the outer wall of the material bottle 8, and the connecting pipe head 28 is connected to the temperature control tube 25 through the bottle wall of the material bottle 8; the temperature control module includes a water bath 26 and a liquid injection tube 27, wherein the water bath 26 is bolted and fixed to the upper surface of the limiting turntable 4, and an electric heater 29 is installed on its inner surface; the bottom of the water bath 26 is welded to at least two sets of liquid injection tubes 27, and the two sets of liquid injection tubes 27 are positioned opposite each other; a regulating valve 30 is installed on the surface of the liquid injection tube 27, and the drain end of the liquid injection tube 27 is inserted and matched with the connecting pipe head 28, wherein the insertion point of the two is a sealed structure; by precisely mixing cold and hot water through the regulating valve 30 and pumping it into the temperature control tube 25 of each material bottle 8, it is ensured that all samples are at the same temperature set by the user throughout the measurement process, thus eliminating the interference of temperature as a variable on the electrochemical reaction.

[0045] Preferably, the limiting turntable 4 has a plurality of clamping cavities 31 inside, wherein the clamping cavities 31 are arranged between two adjacent clamping grooves 9; a clamping bolt 32 is slidably engaged inside the clamping cavity 31, and one end of the clamping bolt 32 extends into the clamping groove 9, and a clamping spring 33 is welded and fixed between the other end and the inner surface of the clamping cavity 31.

[0046] Preferably, the electrolysis working box 2 has two sets of feeding ports 34 on its wall, and the two sets of feeding ports 34 are positioned opposite each other; a driven shaft 35 is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the connecting plate 5, and a driven gear 36 is welded and fixed to the lower end of the driven shaft 35; a drive gear 37 is welded and fixed to the output end of the main shaft of the adjusting motor, and the drive gear 37 meshes with the driven gear 36.

[0047] Preferably, the contact guide plate 23 is electrically connected to the electrode rod 21 via the guide block 24 and the support spring 20 in sequence; the limiting turntable 4 and the connecting plate 5 are connected by a ratchet; the water bath 26 is provided with a hot water zone 38 and a cold water zone 39, which are isolated from each other and are both connected to the injection pipe 27; in combination with the above structure, it should be noted that the water inlet end of the injection pipe 27 is connected to both the hot water zone 38 and the cold water zone 39, and the regulating valve 30 is a three-way valve, that is, the water temperature is controlled by controlling the ratio of hot and cold water inflow, and the mixed water is injected into the temperature control pipe 25 to regulate the electrolysis environment temperature in the material bottle 8; of course, due to the structural relationship, in actual testing, it can also be used as a quantitative setting to address the influence of temperature.

[0048] Preferably, the central control station 1 is an electrochemical workstation, which includes a potential adjustment module, an analysis and calculation module, a digital-to-analog conversion module, and a display module. The potential adjustment module is electrically connected to the contact plate 23 and adjusts and controls the potential of the two sets of electrode rods 21 through the contact plate 23. The analysis and calculation module receives the current change signals of the electrode rods 21 and the mixture to be tested, and then converts them into digital information through the digital-to-analog conversion module. Based on the standard ionization curve of the corresponding ion, the current ion concentration information data is calculated. The standard ionization curve of the corresponding ion is the standard concentration curve of the corresponding ion plotted by titration.

[0049] In this apparatus, since the standard curve is plotted and the sample is measured almost simultaneously under the same conditions, the interference factors experienced by both, such as electrode surface conditions, solution background, and ambient temperature, are highly consistent. Therefore, the correction parameters extracted from the blank group curve can maximally offset the influence of these common-mode interferences on the experimental group signal, which is the key theoretical basis for improving accuracy.

[0050] Example:

[0051] This embodiment illustrates the measurement method used in the actual application of this technical solution:

[0052] First, the soil sample needs to be dissolved in pure water and centrifuged using a differential centrifuge to obtain the supernatant for later use. Take several material bottles 8 and fill them with equal amounts of the supernatant. Since there are many types of ions in the supernatant, the number of blank control groups should be the same as the number of types of ions to be measured. At the same time, fill the experimental groups with the same number of blank control groups. Then, deionize each blank control group. Place the experimental groups and blank control groups together in the limiting turntable 4, with one set of experimental groups and one set of blank control groups placed symmetrically. Then, take a burette and install it directly above the blank control group. Insert the burette into the electrolysis working chamber 2 and inject the standard solution of the ions to be measured to prepare for the titration reaction.

[0053] When the formal measurement work began, the experimental group was energized and began electrolysis, while the blank control group underwent electrolysis and titration simultaneously. The changes in current and resistance inside the supernatant of the experimental group at the corresponding potential were recorded simultaneously through the central control station 1. The changes in current and resistance inside the supernatant of the blank control group at the same potential during the titration process were recorded, and the ion concentration curves were plotted. The concentration of the corresponding ions in the supernatant of the experimental group was calculated based on the ion concentration curves.

[0054] After completing a set of ion measurements, the regulating motor is activated. Under the action of the ratchet structure, the connecting arm 6 and the limiting turntable 4 are rotated simultaneously, moving the next blank control group to the titration station to continue the next ion concentration measurement. It is important to note that the material of the electrode rod 21 in the working electrode 7 should be changed according to the specific type of ion to be measured, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the electrode material affects the measurement results.

[0055] The basic working process of the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0056] Step 1, Sample loading: Load the pretreated experimental group and blank control group solutions into material bottles 8 and place them on the limiting turntable 4;

[0057] Step 2, Initialization: The system rotates to bring the first blank control group to the titration / electrolysis station;

[0058] Step 3, Simultaneous Measurement: Titrate the blank group and monitor the electrolysis signal simultaneously to plot the standard curve; at the same time, begin electrolysis measurement in the experimental group at the symmetrical position.

[0059] Step 4, Workstation Switching: After one set of measurements is completed, the drive mechanism is activated to rotate the next set of blank control and experimental groups to the working position;

[0060] Step 5, Cycling and Calculation: Repeat steps 3 and 4 until all samples have been measured. The central control station 1 then calculates the ion concentration based on all the data.

[0061] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," and "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0062] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis, comprising a central control station (1) and an electrolysis working chamber (2), characterized in that: A transmission box (3) is bolted between the central control station (1) and the electrolysis working box (2), and the central control station (1) and the electrolysis working box (2) are connected through the transmission box (3); the central control station (1) has a built-in regulating motor, wherein one end of the output shaft of the regulating motor extends into the interior of the electrolysis working box (2) through the transmission box (3); The electrolysis working box (2) is equipped with a temperature control module, an installation and adjustment module, a working module and a transmission mechanism. The installation and adjustment module includes a limiting turntable (4), and the outer side of the limiting turntable (4) is rotated and engaged with the inner wall of the electrolysis working box (2). The working module includes a connecting plate (5), a connecting arm (6), several working electrodes (7) and several material bottles (8). The connecting plate (5) is located below the limiting turntable (4) and is rotated and engaged with the limiting turntable (4). The lower surface of the connecting plate (5) is bolted and fixed to several connecting arms (6), and the several connecting arms (6) are arranged in a circular array with the center of the connecting plate (5) as the center. The upper surface of one end of the connecting arm (6) is engaged and fixed with the working electrode (7). The material bottle (8) is located directly above the working electrode (7) and cooperates with it. Several clamping grooves (9) are opened on the upper surface of the limiting turntable (4), and the material bottle (8) is engaged and fixed with the clamping groove (9). An isolation valve plate (10) is adhered and fixed to the inner surface of the material bottle (8). The isolation valve plate (10) is an annular plate structure, and an isolation valve tube (11) is slidably engaged on its inner side. The isolation valve tube (11) has an inlet hole (12) and a drain hole (13) on its tube wall. The inlet hole (12) is located above the drain hole (13), and both are connected to the inside of the isolation valve tube (11). The inlet hole (12) is sealed and fitted with the isolation valve plate (10). A baffle (14) is welded and fixed to the lower end of the isolation valve tube (11). The baffle (14) is located below the isolation valve plate (10), and a connecting spring (15) is welded and fixed between the baffle and the isolation valve plate (10). The lower end of the material bottle (8) is provided with an electrolysis chamber (16), the electrolysis chamber (16) and the material bottle (8) are an integral structure, and the two are interconnected. The material bottle (8) is connected to the outside through the isolation valve plate (10) and the electrolysis chamber (16) in sequence. There is a slot between the material bottle (8) and the electrolysis chamber (16). The inner surface of the clamping groove (9) is provided with a clamping plate (17), and when the material bottle (8) is installed inside the clamping groove (9), the clamping plate (17) is engaged in the slot. The working electrode (7) is a tubular structure, with an electrode plug (18) slidably engaged inside it. A push plate (19) is welded and fixed to the lower end of the electrode plug (18). The push plate (19) is located inside the working electrode (7) and a support spring (20) is welded between it and the inner surface of the working electrode (7). A connecting groove is opened on the peripheral side of the electrode plug (18). At least two sets of electrode rods (21) are welded and fixed to the inner surface of the connecting groove, and the two sets of electrode rods (21) are electrically connected to each other. The upper surface of the connecting arm (6) is provided with a connecting groove (22), and a contact guide plate (23) is welded and fixed on the inner surface of the connecting groove (22); a guide block (24) is welded and fixed at the lower end of the working electrode (7), and when the guide block (24) is engaged and fixed inside the connecting groove (22), it contacts and conducts electricity with the contact guide plate (23); The material bottle (8) has a hollow wall structure, and a temperature control tube (25) is bonded and fixed inside it. The temperature control tube (25) is a spiral tube structure. The outer wall of the material bottle (8) is welded and connected to a connecting pipe head (28), and the connecting pipe head (28) is connected to the temperature control tube (25) through the bottle wall of the material bottle (8). The temperature control module includes a water bath (26) and a liquid injection tube (27). The water bath (26) is bolted and fixed to the upper surface of the limiting turntable (4), and an electric heater (29) is installed on its inner surface. The bottom of the water bath (26) is welded and connected to at least two sets of liquid injection tubes (27), and the two sets of liquid injection tubes (27) are in opposite positions. A regulating valve (30) is installed on the surface of the liquid injection tube (27), and the drain end of the liquid injection tube (27) is inserted and matched with the connecting pipe head (28).

2. The soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting turntable (4) has several clamping cavities (31) inside, wherein the clamping cavities (31) are located between two adjacent clamping slots (9); a clamping bolt (32) is slidably engaged inside the clamping cavity (31), and one end of the clamping bolt (32) extends into the clamping slot (9), while the other end is welded and fixed with a clamping spring (33) between it and the inner surface of the clamping cavity (31).

3. The soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis according to claim 2, characterized in that, The electrolysis working box (2) has two sets of feeding ports (34) on its wall, and the two sets of feeding ports (34) are positioned opposite each other; a driven shaft (35) is welded and fixed to the lower surface of the connecting plate (5), and a driven gear (36) is welded and fixed to the lower end of the driven shaft (35); a drive gear (37) is welded and fixed to the output end of the main shaft of the regulating motor, and the drive gear (37) meshes with the driven gear (36).

4. The soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, The contact guide plate (23) is electrically connected to the electrode rod (21) in sequence through the guide block (24) and the support spring (20); the limiting turntable (4) and the connecting plate (5) are connected by a ratchet; the water bath (26) is provided with a hot water zone (38) and a cold water zone (39) inside, which are isolated from each other and are both connected to the injection pipe (27).

5. The soil composition determination device based on electrochemical controlled variable analysis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The central control station (1) is an electrochemical workstation, which includes a potential adjustment module, an analysis and calculation module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a display module. The potential adjustment module is electrically connected to the contact plate (23) and adjusts and controls the potential of the two sets of electrode rods (21) through the contact plate (23). The analysis and calculation module receives the current change signal in the electrode rod (21) and the mixture to be tested, and then converts it into digital information through the digital-to-analog conversion module. Based on the standard ionization curve of the corresponding ion, the current ion concentration information data is analyzed and calculated. The standard ionization curve of the corresponding ion is the standard concentration curve of the corresponding ion drawn by titration method.

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