A 3D printed concrete support device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of 3D printing technology for concrete, specifically to a 3D printed concrete support device, including a print head and a support platform. A drive mechanism is located on the top of the print head. A first nozzle for conveying liquid gypsum-based composite material and a second nozzle for conveying sand are located on both sides of the print head. An adjustment mechanism for changing the orientation of the first and second nozzles is also provided on the print head. The second nozzle is connected via a water pipe to a storage tank for storing sand, and the storage tank contains a drying mechanism for heating the sand. A control panel is used to acquire the displayed temperature of the radiation energy distribution pattern in a thermal imaging image and the real-time temperature corresponding to the printing trajectory, and to control the heating temperature of the drying mechanism based on the displayed and real-time temperatures. This invention is designed to flexibly adapt to different printing support needs, ensure the stability of the support structure, and facilitate subsequent disassembly and recycling of the support structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of concrete 3D printing technology, and more specifically to a 3D printed concrete support device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing concrete 3D printing technology has advantages such as the ability to realize complex geometric shapes, high material utilization and high construction efficiency, and is widely used in the fields of prefabrication of building components, construction of irregular structures and emergency engineering construction.

[0003] However, in the process of concrete 3D printing, unhardened concrete often requires a setting period from extrusion to final hardening. Before the concrete hardens, its own strength is extremely low and it cannot withstand the weight of the stacked materials above or external interference, which may cause the component to deform or collapse. Therefore, external support is usually required to compensate for the lack of strength, especially for suspended structures.

[0004] In existing external support methods, fixed-rigidity frame structures or single-material supports are usually used. Most frame structures are designed for specific components. When the size, shape, or printing path of the printed component is adjusted, the support frame usually needs to be disassembled and reassembled, resulting in a long adjustment cycle. When using a single support material, if the support material (such as ordinary cement mortar) has too strong an adhesion to the concrete, it is difficult to separate later, which can easily damage the main concrete structure and result in a large waste of support material. Moreover, after removal, the concrete surface may be damaged, requiring additional surface grinding, which increases the workload.

[0005] Therefore, based on the characteristics of existing sand's high fluidity and the fact that gypsum-based composite materials have a short solidification time at 30-50℃ and are easy to separate by mechanical crushing or water washing when used as interface supports, this invention provides a flexible and adaptable 3D printed concrete support device that ensures the stability of the concrete support while facilitating the disassembly and secondary recycling of the support structure. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a 3D printed concrete support device that can flexibly adapt to different printing support needs, ensure the stability of the support structure, and facilitate subsequent disassembly and recycling of the support structure.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a 3D printed concrete printing support device, comprising a print head for conveying concrete raw materials and a support platform for carrying the printed object, wherein the top of the print head is provided with a drive mechanism for driving the print head to move according to the printing trajectory; the print head is provided with a first nozzle for conveying liquid gypsum-based composite material and a second nozzle for conveying sand on both sides, and the print head is provided with an adjustment mechanism for changing the orientation of the first nozzle and the second nozzle.

[0008] The second nozzle is connected to a storage tank for storing sand via a water pipe. The storage tank is equipped with a drying mechanism for heating the sand.

[0009] It also includes a control panel, which is electrically connected to a thermal imager for acquiring thermal images of the surface of the support platform; the control panel is used to acquire the display temperature of the radiation energy distribution pattern in the thermal image and the real-time temperature corresponding to the printing trajectory, and to control the heating temperature of the drying mechanism based on the display temperature and the real-time temperature.

[0010] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a support rod and a mounting frame. The support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform. A mounting block slides on the mounting frame. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block. The print head is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod. The mounting frame and the support rod slide together.

[0011] The adjustment mechanism includes a power component fixedly connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod. The output shaft of the power component is coaxially fixedly connected to a drive gear, which meshes with a gear ring. The gear ring is slidably engaged with the fixed part of the telescopic rod. A first rod and a second rod are hinged to both the first nozzle and the second nozzle. The other end of the first rod is hinged to the gear ring, and the other end of the second rod is hinged to the output end of the telescopic rod. A sleeve is connected between the first nozzle and the second nozzle and the water pipe. The water pipe is located inside the sleeve, and the sleeve is slidably engaged with the first rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the control panel is used to divide the support platform into several areas of the same size based on the printing trajectory. On the concrete printing surface of the same layer, the area covered by the printed material is marked as the control area, and the area that needs to be supported by the support is marked as the filling area. Then, the temperature of the radiation energy distribution graphic is displayed to mark the filling area, and the real-time temperature is displayed to mark the control area.

[0013] The control panel compares the real-time temperature with the set adaptive temperature of the gypsum-based composite material. If the real-time temperature is higher than the adaptive temperature, a cooling command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the real-time temperature is lower than the adaptive temperature, the maximum value of the displayed temperature in the set heat exchange area is obtained based on the filling area. The maximum value is compared with the adaptive temperature. If the maximum value is lower than the adaptive temperature, a heating command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the maximum value is higher than the adaptive temperature, a maintenance command is sent to the drying mechanism based on the adaptive temperature.

[0014] Furthermore, the control panel also includes a model recording module, which is used to input and store concrete models, add time sequence to the concrete models according to the front and back order of the concrete printing surfaces, and build a printing dataset based on the time sequence.

[0015] The coordinate data of the support column is obtained based on the filling area in the print dataset; then, a delayed start command for the second nozzle is generated based on the coordinate data, and an adaptive temperature maintenance command is sent to the drying mechanism based on the coordinate data.

[0016] Furthermore, the control panel is also used to obtain the displayed temperature of adjacent concrete printing surfaces in the data set when the real-time temperature is greater than the adaptive temperature. If the trend of the displayed temperature in different concrete printing surfaces is upward, a pause command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the trend of the displayed temperature in different concrete printing surfaces is downward or fluctuating, a stop command is sent to the drying mechanism.

[0017] When the real-time temperature is lower than the adaptive temperature, obtain the control command corresponding to the drying mechanism in the concrete printing surface before the current time sequence. If the command executed by the drying mechanism is a cooling command, mark the execution temperature corresponding to the cooling command as the temperature drop limit; if the command executed by the drying mechanism is a maintenance command or a heating command, mark the execution temperature corresponding to the maintenance command or the heating command as an unrelated influence value.

[0018] Furthermore, several recovery pipes are provided on the support platform. At the end of the recovery pipe away from the support platform, there is a fan for conveying and drawing air and a heating pipe for heating air. A partition for sealing the recovery pipe is provided between the recovery pipe and the support platform, and the partition is slidably engaged with the support platform.

[0019] The support platform has a limiting cavity corresponding to the recycling pipe. A partition is located in the limiting cavity, and an elastic fixing plate and a tension spring are respectively provided in the limiting cavity. The side of the fixing plate closer to the partition is higher than the side of the fixing plate farther from the partition. A spring plate is fixedly connected to one side of the partition. The tension spring is located on the side of the partition away from the spring plate, and the fixing plate is located on the side of the partition closer to the spring plate. The bottom of the fixing plate is connected to the recycling pipe. A fixing hole is opened on the side of the partition closer to the spring plate, and a locking block corresponding to the fixing hole is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing plate closer to the spring plate.

[0020] When the partition closes the recycling tube, the locking block on the fixing plate is located inside the fixing hole, the spring plate is located above the fixing plate, and the tension spring is in a stretched state; when the partition opens the recycling tube, the spring plate is located above the recycling tube, the tension spring is in a naturally stretched state, and the partition separates from the fixing plate.

[0021] Furthermore, a protruding block is fixedly connected to one end of the spring sheet near the recovery tube;

[0022] When the spring plate is offset from the recovery tube, the partition and the spring plate are on the same horizontal plane; when the partition and the spring plate are above the recovery tube, the spring plate drives the protruding block to be above the support platform.

[0023] Furthermore, each recovery tube is connected to a solenoid valve, and a temperature sensor for measuring real-time temperature data is installed on the side of the recovery tube near the partition. The solenoid valve and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control panel.

[0024] The control panel is used to add corresponding marks to the solenoid valve and temperature sensor based on the control area and the filling area, and then obtain the maintenance value based on the time sequence of the printed data. The maintenance value is the temperature of the printed area of ​​the gypsum-based composite material during accelerated molding and the drying temperature during the concrete curing process.

[0025] The control panel then compares the printing time with the curing time of the gypsum-based composite material. If the molding time is longer than the curing time, it compares the real-time temperature data with the drying temperature in the maintenance value. If the real-time temperature data is greater than the maintenance value, it sends a cooling command to the drying mechanism; if the real-time temperature data is less than the maintenance value, it sends a start command to the heating element; if the molding time is less than the curing time, it sends a standby command to the heating element.

[0026] Furthermore, the control panel is also used to obtain the coordinates of blank areas on the carrier platform where no printed material is supported or filled, based on the distribution of the centralized comparison area and filling area of ​​the printed data, and to obtain the real-time temperature data of the temperature sensor corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area.

[0027] When the molding time is longer than the setting time, the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is compared with the drying temperature during the concrete setting process. If the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is greater than the drying temperature, an alert command is sent to the outside; if the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is less than the drying temperature, a normal command is sent to the outside.

[0028] Furthermore, an auxiliary pipe connects adjacent recovery pipes, and the auxiliary pipe is connected to the blower via an air pipe.

[0029] The above approach has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. In this solution, the operation of the print head, drive mechanism, first nozzle and second nozzle is adjusted through the control panel. The first nozzle sprays an isolation layer on the concrete surface to form an isolation shell for support, taking advantage of the short setting time of the liquid gypsum-based composite material. Then, highly fluid sand is used to fill the interior of the isolation shell to form a buffer layer and enhance the support effect on the concrete.

[0031] 2. This solution reduces moisture by externally heating the sand, thereby reducing the adhesion resistance of the water film between the sand particles, enhancing the sand's fluidity, facilitating the filling of the isolation shell with sand, improving the tightness between the sand particles inside the isolation shell, ensuring the sand's support effect, and flexibly adapting to different printing support needs.

[0032] 3. In this solution, during the concrete solidification process, thermal imaging images of the support platform surface are acquired using a thermal imager to reduce the impact of sand overheating on the concrete temperature and shorten the concrete solidification time without causing concrete cracking. At the same time, the sand conveyed along the printing trajectory is kept at a suitable solidification temperature for gypsum-based composite materials to accelerate the solidification and support formation of the isolation shell.

[0033] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of an embodiment of the 3D printed concrete printing support device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a front view of an embodiment of the 3D printed concrete support device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional schematic diagram along the BB direction;

[0037] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of part C in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the fixing plate in the middle.

[0040] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual include: 1. Printhead; 11. Thermal imager; 12. Telescopic rod; 13. Gear ring; 14. Drive gear; 2. Support platform; 21. Recycle tube; 3. Drive mechanism; 4. First nozzle; 5. Second nozzle; 6. Partition plate; 61. Tension spring; 62. Fixing hole; 63. Spring plate; 64. Protrusion block; 7. Fixing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0044] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0045] Example 1:

[0046] As attached Figures 1 to 6 As shown: A 3D printed concrete printing support device includes a print head 1 for conveying concrete raw materials and a support platform 2 for carrying the printed object. The top of the print head 1 is provided with a drive mechanism 3 for moving the print head 1 according to the printing trajectory. The print head 1 and the support platform 2 are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0047] The driving mechanism 3 is specifically illustrated below. The driving mechanism 3 includes a support rod and a mounting frame. The support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform 2. A mounting block slides on the mounting frame. A telescopic rod 12 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block. The print head 1 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod 12. The mounting frame and the support rod slide together. In this embodiment, the support rod and the mounting frame slide together linearly along the height direction, including but not limited to ball screw mechanisms, slide rails, etc. The mounting frame includes a first bracket that moves in the X-axis direction and a second bracket that moves in the Y-axis direction. The second bracket is located between adjacent first brackets. The mounting block is located on the second bracket. The way the mounting block moves along the Y-axis includes but is not limited to the way the roller moves along the slide groove. The way the mounting block moves along the X-axis includes but is not limited to chain drive. The ball screw mechanism, the way the roller moves along the slide groove, and the chain drive are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0048] The print head 1 has a first nozzle 4 for conveying liquid gypsum-based composite material and a second nozzle 5 for conveying sand on both sides. In this embodiment, the first nozzle 4 is a spiral nozzle, and the end of the first nozzle 4 away from the print head 1 is connected to a mixer for stirring the liquid gypsum-based composite material through a water pipe. The second nozzle 5 is a sandblasting nozzle, and the print head 1 is provided with an adjustment mechanism for changing the orientation of the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5. The adjustment mechanism includes a power component fixedly connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod 12. In this embodiment, the power component is a motor, and the output shaft of the power component is coaxially fixedly connected to a drive gear 14. The drive gear 14 meshes with a gear ring 13, and the gear ring 13 slides with the fixed part of the telescopic rod 12. The first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5 are each hinged with a first rod and a second rod. The other end of the first rod is hinged to the gear ring 13, and the other end of the second rod is hinged to the output end of the telescopic rod 12. The first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5 are connected to a sleeve between the water pipe and the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5. The water pipe is located inside the sleeve, and the sleeve slides with the first rod.

[0049] The second nozzle 5 is connected to a storage tank for storing sand via a water pipe. The storage tank is equipped with a drying mechanism for heating the sand. In this embodiment, the drying mechanism includes, but is not limited to, common electric heating plates.

[0050] It also includes a control panel (not shown in the figure), which is electrically connected to a thermal imager 11 for acquiring thermal images of the surface of the support platform 2; the control panel is used to acquire the display temperature of the radiation energy distribution pattern in the thermal image and the real-time temperature corresponding to the printing trajectory, and to control the heating temperature of the drying mechanism based on the display temperature and the real-time temperature.

[0051] The control panel is used to divide the support platform 2 into several areas of uniform size based on the printing trajectory. On the same layer of concrete printing surface, the area covered by the printed material is marked as the control area, and the area that needs to be supported by the support is marked as the filling area. Then, the temperature of the radiation energy distribution graphic is displayed on the filling area, and the real-time temperature is displayed on the control area. The control panel compares the real-time temperature with the set adaptive temperature of the gypsum-based composite material. If the real-time temperature is greater than the adaptive temperature, a cooling command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the real-time temperature is less than the adaptive temperature, the maximum value of the displayed temperature in the set heat exchange area is obtained based on the filling area. The maximum value is compared with the adaptive temperature. If the maximum value is less than the adaptive temperature, a heating command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the maximum value is greater than the adaptive temperature, a maintaining command is sent to the drying mechanism based on the adaptive temperature.

[0052] For example, the area of ​​the bearing platform 2 is divided according to the printing trajectory to divide the filling area and the control area, so that the heat exchange area can be set directly according to the printing trajectory. Since the energy transfer of sand requires exchange time and the sand has a certain heat accumulation property, the temperature of the sand in the filling area is obtained, and the maximum value of the displayed temperature in the heat exchange area is compared with the adaptive temperature to determine whether the temperature of the subsequent sand on the surrounding piled concrete meets the requirements for maintaining the adaptive temperature. Then, the temperature is controlled by the drying mechanism to ensure the maintenance of the adaptive temperature.

[0053] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0054] First, the surface of the support platform 2 is treated before printing. Then, the drive mechanism 3 drives the print head 1 to move along the printing trajectory to print concrete. The telescopic rod 12 drives the print head 1 to move in the height direction to adapt to the height change of the concrete after accumulation. The connection of the second rod keeps the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5 at a relatively stable height in the height direction, which facilitates the continuous delivery of liquid gypsum-based composite material and sand.

[0055] Simultaneously, the power component drives the drive gear 14 to rotate, causing the drive gear 14 to rotate the meshing gear ring 13 at the fixed part of the telescopic rod 12. The gear ring 13 causes the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5 to rotate around the second rod, resulting in an angle change between the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5, thereby adjusting the spray direction of the first nozzle 4 and the second nozzle 5. The operation of the print head 1, drive mechanism 3, first nozzle 4, and second nozzle 5 can be adjusted via the control panel. The first nozzle 4 sprays an isolation layer onto the concrete surface, which, due to the short setting time of the liquid gypsum-based composite material, forms an isolation shell for support. Then, highly fluid sand is used to fill the interior of the isolation shell to form a buffer layer, thereby enhancing the support effect on the concrete.

[0056] The process involves externally heating the sand to reduce moisture, thereby decreasing the adhesion resistance of the water film between the sand particles, enhancing sand fluidity, facilitating the filling of the isolation shell, improving the compactness between the sand particles within the isolation shell, and ensuring the sand's supporting effect. The preheated sand also dries the liquid gypsum-based composite material, maintaining the printing area temperature at 30-50℃ to facilitate rapid formation of the isolation shell and convenient attachment and support of the concrete. Simultaneously, the isolation shell isolates the preheated sand, creating a continuous internal heat source that accelerates moisture evaporation from the concrete, speeds up the concrete's setting time, and allows for flexible adaptation to different printing support needs.

[0057] Simultaneously, thermal imaging image of the surface of the support platform 2 is acquired using thermal imager 11 to reduce the impact of sand overheating on the concrete temperature and shorten the concrete setting time without causing concrete cracking. At the same time, the sand conveyed along the printing trajectory is kept at a suitable setting temperature for the gypsum-based composite material to accelerate the setting and forming of the isolation shell. The easy recycling characteristics of sand and gypsum-based composite material facilitate the subsequent disassembly and recycling of the support structure.

[0058] Example 2:

[0059] The difference from Embodiment 1 is that the control panel also includes a model recording module, which is used to input and store the concrete model, add time sequence to the concrete model according to the front and back order of the concrete printing surface, and establish a printing dataset based on the time sequence; obtain the coordinate data of the support column based on the filling area in the printing dataset; generate a delayed start command for the second nozzle 5 based on the coordinate data, and send an adaptive temperature maintenance command to the drying mechanism based on the coordinate data.

[0060] For example, during the concrete molding process, the filling area is supplemented by the formation of support columns to enhance the support effect on the suspended part. The support columns also add obstruction to the sand inside the sand to reduce the flowability of the sand and thus improve the overall support effect of the sand and shell during the printing process. At the same time, the second nozzle 5 is controlled by the delayed start command, and the drying mechanism is sent with the adaptive temperature maintenance command so that the gypsum-based composite material can solidify into support columns for fixed support.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] The difference from Embodiment 2 is that the control panel is also used to obtain the displayed temperature of adjacent concrete printing surfaces in the data set when the real-time temperature is greater than the adaptive temperature. If the trend of the displayed temperature in different concrete printing surfaces is upward, a pause command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the trend of the displayed temperature in different concrete printing surfaces is downward or fluctuating, a stop command is sent to the drying mechanism.

[0063] When the real-time temperature is lower than the adaptive temperature, the control command corresponding to the drying mechanism in the concrete printing surface before the current time sequence is obtained. If the command executed by the drying mechanism is a cooling command, the execution temperature corresponding to the cooling command is marked as the temperature drop limit; if the command executed by the drying mechanism is a maintenance command or a heating command, the execution temperature corresponding to the maintenance command or the heating command is marked as an unrelated influence value.

[0064] For example, during the temperature adjustment process of the drying mechanism, if the temperature adjustment range is too large, the sand temperature will continue to rise. The continuous temperature rise of the drying mechanism can be controlled by observing the temperature change trend of the sand on adjacent concrete printing surfaces after temperature adjustment. Furthermore, if the adjusted temperature is below the suitable temperature, the concrete printing surface at the current time is affected by the temperature drop and is at the suitable temperature. The execution temperature corresponding to the cooling command is marked as the temperature drop limit to reduce excessive cooling in the future and maintain the printing area temperature at the suitable temperature, thus facilitating the solidification and support of the gypsum-based composite material. If the temperature adjustment range is too small, the expected suitable temperature cannot be maintained. Therefore, the temperature adjustment status of the concrete printing surface before the current time is marked, and the execution temperature corresponding to the maintenance command or heating command is marked as an unrelated influence value to facilitate subsequent heating adjustment or temperature maintenance outside the unrelated influence value, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the suitable temperature.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] The difference from Embodiment 3 is that the support platform 2 has several recovery pipes 21. The end of the recovery pipe 21 away from the support platform 2 is provided with a fan for conveying and drawing air and a heating pipe for heating air. In this example, the fan is a high-pressure fan. The fan and the heating pipe are both existing technologies and will not be described in detail. A partition 6 for sealing the recovery pipe 21 is provided between the recovery pipe 21 and the support platform 2. The partition 6 is slidably engaged with the support platform 2. The support platform 2 has a limiting cavity corresponding to the recycling pipe 21. The partition 6 is located in the limiting cavity. The limiting cavity is provided with an elastic fixing plate 7 and a tension spring 61. The side of the fixing plate 7 near the partition 6 is higher than the side of the fixing plate 7 away from the partition 6. A spring plate 63 is fixedly connected to one side of the partition 6. The tension spring 61 is located on the side of the partition 6 away from the spring plate 63. The fixing plate 7 is located on the side of the partition 6 near the spring plate 63. The bottom of the fixing plate 7 is connected to the recycling pipe 21. A fixing hole 62 is opened on the side of the partition 6 near the spring plate 63. A locking block corresponding to the fixing hole 62 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixing plate 7 near the spring plate 63.

[0067] When the partition 6 closes the recycling pipe 21, the locking block on the fixing plate 7 is located in the fixing hole 62, the spring plate 63 is located above the fixing plate 7, and the tension spring 61 is in a stretched state; when the partition 6 opens the recycling pipe 21, the spring plate 63 is located above the recycling pipe 21, the tension spring 61 is in a naturally extended state, and the partition 6 separates from the fixing plate 7.

[0068] A protruding block 64 is fixedly connected to one end of the spring plate 63 near the recovery pipe 21; when the spring plate 63 is misaligned with the recovery pipe 21, the partition plate 6 and the spring plate 63 are on the same horizontal plane; when the partition plate 6 and the spring plate 63 are above the recovery pipe 21, the spring plate 63 drives the protruding block 64 to be above the support platform 2.

[0069] In another embodiment, an auxiliary pipe connects adjacent recovery pipes 21, and the auxiliary pipe is connected to a fan via an air pipe. Connecting adjacent recovery pipes 21 via the auxiliary pipe helps maintain a relatively stable temperature environment on the support platform 2, reducing the generation of local heat accumulation areas. At the same time, the fan delivers air to accelerate heat exchange between adjacent recovery pipes 21.

[0070] The specific implementation process is as follows: Before printing the concrete component, the partition 6 is manually driven to stretch the tension spring 61. During the process of the partition 6 contacting the inclined fixing piece 7, the elastic fixing piece 7 pushes the locking block located in the fixing hole 62 on the partition 6 to engage, so that the partition 6 is fixed by the cooperation between the locking block and the fixing hole 62, and the partition 6 keeps the recycling pipe 21 closed.

[0071] During the operation that requires opening the recycling tube 21, the negative pressure suction generated inside the recycling tube 21 is used to attract the fixing plate 7 and the partition 6. During the reset process after the partition 6 and the fixing plate 7 move downward, when the fixing plate 7 and the spring plate 63 are misaligned due to the rebound force, the locking block on the fixing plate 7 no longer engages with the fixing hole 62. The tension spring 61 of the pull rope drives the partition 6 to move away from the fixing plate 7, so that the fixing plate 7 and the partition 6 are separated.

[0072] When the partition 6 and the spring plate 63 are housed inside the support platform 2, the support platform 2 limits the spring plate 63. When the partition 6 is pulled back by the tension spring 61 and is located above the recycling pipe 21, the spring plate 63 is no longer obstructed by the support platform 2. The spring plate 63 releases its elastic force to push the protruding block 64 to extend, which facilitates breaking the bottom partition of the filling area and facilitates the recycling and collection of sand.

[0073] Example 5:

[0074] The difference from Embodiment 4 is that each recovery pipe 21 is connected to a solenoid valve, and a temperature sensor for measuring real-time temperature data is provided on the side of the recovery pipe 21 near the partition 6. The solenoid valve and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control panel.

[0075] The control panel is used to add corresponding marks to the solenoid valve and temperature sensor based on the control area and the filling area, and then obtain the maintenance value based on the time sequence of the printed data. The maintenance value is the temperature of the printed area of ​​the gypsum-based composite material during accelerated molding and the drying temperature during the concrete curing process.

[0076] The control panel then compares the printing time with the curing time of the gypsum-based composite material. If the molding time is longer than the curing time, it compares the real-time temperature data with the drying temperature in the maintenance value. If the real-time temperature data is greater than the maintenance value, it sends a cooling command to the drying mechanism; if the real-time temperature data is less than the maintenance value, it sends a start command to the heating element; if the molding time is less than the curing time, it sends a standby command to the heating element.

[0077] For example, by comparing the printing time and the setting time, the setting status of the printed material and the support on the support platform 2 can be determined. Before the gypsum-based composite material sets, the amount of sand filling is relatively small. The drying mechanism can be controlled by the thermal imager 11 to measure the radiation energy distribution pattern on the surface of the support platform 2 to ensure the accelerated setting of the printed material and the support. When the setting time is greater than the setting time, it indicates that the thickness of the printed material and the support on the surface of the support platform 2 is relatively high. The thermal imager 11 can only determine the surface temperature change. By comparing the real-time temperature data, the internal temperature of the sand in the support can be measured. The temperature of the sand can be maintained by bottom heating, so that the heat inside the sand can accelerate the setting and forming of the concrete.

[0078] Example 6:

[0079] The difference from Embodiment 5 is that the control panel is also used to obtain the coordinates of the blank areas of the carrier platform 2 that are not supported by printed materials or filled with support materials based on the distribution of the central comparison area and the filling area of ​​the printed data, and to obtain the real-time temperature data of the temperature sensor corresponding to the coordinates of the blank areas.

[0080] When the molding time is longer than the setting time, the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is compared with the drying temperature during the concrete setting process. If the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is greater than the drying temperature, a reminder command is sent to the outside world. In this embodiment, the outside world includes, but is not limited to, common mobile terminals and the display panel of the drive mechanism 3. If the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is less than the drying temperature, a normal command is sent to the outside world.

[0081] During the process of using temperature rise to accelerate concrete solidification, environmental factors, incomplete dispersion of concrete components, and control program errors may cause local temperature increases, leading to elevated detection temperatures in the blank areas on the surface of the bearing platform 2. This can accelerate the risk of concrete cracking. Therefore, real-time temperature monitoring outside the concrete accumulation area is necessary to provide timely alerts and facilitate adjustments or remedial measures by staff, ensuring accelerated concrete solidification.

[0082] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A 3D printed concrete printing support device, comprising a print head (1) for conveying concrete raw materials and a support platform (2) for supporting the printed object, wherein the top of the print head (1) is provided with a drive mechanism (3) for moving the print head (1) according to the printing trajectory; characterized in that, The print head (1) is provided with a first nozzle (4) for conveying liquid gypsum-based composite material and a second nozzle (5) for conveying sand on both sides, and the print head (1) is provided with an adjustment mechanism for changing the orientation of the first nozzle (4) and the second nozzle (5); The second nozzle (5) is connected to a storage tank for storing sand via a water pipe. The storage tank is equipped with a drying mechanism for heating the sand. It also includes a control panel, which is electrically connected to a thermal imager (11) for acquiring thermal images of the surface of the carrier platform (2); the control panel is used to acquire the display temperature of the radiation energy distribution pattern in the thermal image and the real-time temperature corresponding to the printing trajectory, and to control the heating temperature of the drying mechanism based on the display temperature and the real-time temperature. The control panel is used to divide the support platform (2) into several areas of the same size based on the printing trajectory. On the concrete printing surface of the same layer, the area covered by the printed material is marked as the control area, and the area that needs to be supported by the support is marked as the filling area. Then, the displayed temperature of the radiation energy distribution graph is marked and displayed in the filled area, and the real-time temperature is marked and displayed in the control area; The control panel compares the real-time temperature with the set adaptive temperature of the gypsum-based composite material. If the real-time temperature is higher than the adaptive temperature, a cooling command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the real-time temperature is lower than the adaptive temperature, the maximum value of the displayed temperature in the set heat exchange area is obtained based on the filling area. The maximum value is compared with the adaptive temperature. If the maximum value is lower than the adaptive temperature, a heating command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the maximum value is higher than the adaptive temperature, a maintenance command is sent to the drying mechanism based on the adaptive temperature.

2. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (3) includes a support rod and a mounting frame. The support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the support platform (2). A mounting block slides on the mounting frame. A telescopic rod (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting block. The print head (1) is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic rod (12). The mounting frame and the support rod slide together. The adjustment mechanism includes a power component that is fixedly connected to the fixed part of the telescopic rod (12). The output shaft of the power component is coaxially fixedly connected to a drive gear (14). The drive gear (14) meshes with a gear ring (13). The gear ring (13) slides with the fixed part of the telescopic rod (12). A first rod and a second rod are hinged to the first nozzle (4) and the second nozzle (5). The other end of the first rod is hinged to the gear ring (13), and the other end of the second rod is hinged to the output end of the telescopic rod (12). A sleeve is connected between the first nozzle (4) and the second nozzle (5) and the water pipe. The water pipe is located inside the sleeve, and the sleeve slides with the first rod.

3. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control panel also includes a model recording module, which is used to input and store concrete models, add time sequence to the concrete models according to the front and back order of the concrete printing surfaces, and build a printing dataset based on the time sequence. Obtain the coordinate data of the support column based on the filled area in the printed dataset; Then, based on the coordinate data, a delayed start command for the second nozzle (5) is generated, and an adaptive temperature maintenance command is sent to the drying mechanism based on the coordinate data.

4. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control panel is also used to obtain the displayed temperature of adjacent concrete printing surfaces in the data set when the real-time temperature is greater than the adaptive temperature. If the trend of the displayed temperature in different concrete printing surfaces is upward, a pause command is sent to the drying mechanism. If the trend of the displayed temperature in different concrete printing surfaces is downward or fluctuating, a stop command is sent to the drying mechanism. When the real-time temperature is lower than the adaptive temperature, obtain the control command corresponding to the drying mechanism in the concrete printing surface before the current time sequence. If the command executed by the drying mechanism is a cooling command, mark the execution temperature corresponding to the cooling command as the temperature drop limit; if the command executed by the drying mechanism is a maintenance command or a heating command, mark the execution temperature corresponding to the maintenance command or the heating command as an unrelated influence value.

5. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support platform (2) has several recovery pipes (21). The end of the recovery pipe (21) away from the support platform (2) is equipped with a fan for conveying and drawing air and a heating pipe for heating air. A partition (6) for sealing the recovery pipe (21) is provided between the recovery pipe (21) and the support platform (2). The partition (6) is slidably engaged with the support platform (2). The support platform (2) has a limiting cavity corresponding to the recycling pipe (21). The partition plate (6) is located in the limiting cavity. The limiting cavity is provided with a fixed plate (7) and a tension spring (61) with elasticity. The side of the fixed plate (7) near the partition plate (6) is higher than the side of the fixed plate (7) away from the partition plate (6). A spring plate (63) is fixedly connected to one side of the partition plate (6). The tension spring (61) is located on the side of the partition plate (6) away from the spring plate (63). The fixed plate (7) is located on the side of the partition plate (6) near the spring plate (63). The bottom of the fixed plate (7) is connected to the recycling pipe (21). A fixing hole (62) is opened on the side of the partition plate (6) near the spring plate (63). A locking block corresponding to the fixing hole (62) is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed plate (7) near the spring plate (63). When the partition (6) closes the recycling tube (21), the locking block on the fixing plate (7) is located in the fixing hole (62), the spring plate (63) is located above the fixing plate (7), and the tension spring (61) is in a stretched state; when the partition (6) opens the recycling tube (21), the spring plate (63) is located above the recycling tube (21), the tension spring (61) is in a naturally stretched state, and the partition (6) separates from the fixing plate (7).

6. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A protruding block (64) is fixedly connected to one end of the spring sheet (63) near the recovery tube (21); When the spring plate (63) is misaligned with the recovery tube (21), the partition (6) and the spring plate (63) are on the same horizontal plane; when the partition (6) and the spring plate (63) are above the recovery tube (21), the spring plate (63) drives the protruding block (64) to be above the support platform (2).

7. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Solenoid valves are connected inside the recovery pipe (21). A temperature sensor for measuring real-time temperature data is provided on the side of the recovery pipe (21) near the partition (6). The solenoid valves and the temperature sensor are electrically connected to the control panel. The control panel is used to add corresponding marks to the solenoid valve and temperature sensor based on the control area and the filling area, and then obtain the maintenance value based on the time sequence of the printed data. The maintenance value is the temperature of the printed area of ​​the gypsum-based composite material during accelerated molding and the drying temperature during the concrete curing process. The control panel then compares the printing time with the curing time of the gypsum-based composite material. If the molding time is longer than the curing time, it compares the real-time temperature data with the drying temperature in the maintenance value. If the real-time temperature data is greater than the maintenance value, it sends a cooling command to the drying mechanism; if the real-time temperature data is less than the maintenance value, it sends a start command to the heating element; if the molding time is less than the curing time, it sends a standby command to the heating element.

8. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The control panel is also used to obtain the coordinates of the blank area of ​​the carrier platform (2) where no printed material is carried or a support is filled, based on the distribution of the central comparison area and the filling area of ​​the printed data, and to obtain the real-time temperature data of the temperature sensor corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area. When the molding time is longer than the setting time, the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is compared with the drying temperature during the concrete setting process. If the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is greater than the drying temperature, an alert command is sent to the outside; if the real-time temperature data corresponding to the coordinates of the blank area is less than the drying temperature, a normal command is sent to the outside.

9. The 3D printed concrete printing support device according to claim 8, characterized in that, An auxiliary pipe connects adjacent recovery pipes (21), and the auxiliary pipe is connected to the blower through an air pipe.

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