Bionic resin root canal model for dental teaching and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a bionic resin root canal model for dental teaching and a preparation method.The bionic root canal model comprises at least two tooth blocks provided with dental pulp cavities, at least one connecting face is formed on the outer surface of each tooth block, and the connecting faces are connected with the dental pulp cavities. The tooth blocks are assembled in an abutting mode through the corresponding connecting faces so that at least a root canal cavity can be defined through the dental pulp cavities, and the tooth blocks are arranged in a separable mode. The bionic root canal model can be split and reused, the training effect can be evaluated timely and accurately without adopting a mode of damaging the model, a user can improve the operation skill in a targeted mode, and the requirement of efficient clinical skill training can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Root canal treatment is a core clinical skill in dental education, and its operation quality directly affects the preservation effect of the affected tooth, so it becomes a key content that needs to be mastered in dental anatomy teaching. The skilled operation of this skill depends on the learner's accurate understanding of the complex three-dimensional spatial structure of the tooth root canal system, including the orientation, curvature, branch morphology and apical foramen position of the root canal, and other core anatomical features, which puts high requirements on the intuitiveness and three-dimensional display capability of the teaching method.

[0003] In traditional dental anatomy teaching, the explanation of the root canal system mainly relies on two-dimensional illustrations, clinical photos or in vitro tooth specimens. Among them, two-dimensional images can only present planar anatomical information and cannot restore the spatial distribution relationship of the root canal system in a three-dimensional and intuitive manner, making it difficult for students to establish a complete three-dimensional anatomical concept and further affecting their understanding of the complexity of root canal morphology. Although in vitro tooth specimens can allow students to observe the external morphology of teeth and occlusal relationship, the internal root canal structure is wrapped by tooth tissue and cannot be directly visualized, and needs to be exposed through destructive methods such as sectioning, which cannot be reused and is difficult to help students pre-conceive the actual structure of the internal root canal, limiting the teaching effect.

[0004] In addition, the collection and use of in vitro tooth specimens also have significant practical constraints. On the one hand, the source of in vitro teeth mainly depends on clinical tooth extraction specimens, and the collection process needs to go through strict ethical review, involving donor informed consent, privacy protection and other aspects, with a complicated process and high compliance cost; on the other hand, in vitro teeth may carry pathogenic microorganisms, and even after disinfection, there is still a potential risk of cross-infection, which threatens the biosafety of the teaching environment, further limiting its widespread application in large-scale teaching.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned teaching problems, there are currently dental models (with root canal cavities) for root canal training, but most existing models are of integral fixed structure. After the user completes the root canal preparation operation, the root canal shaping effect, sidewall cleanliness and apical foramen treatment of the internal model cannot be directly observed, and additional detection tools or disassembly of the model are needed, which is inconvenient to operate and may damage the model, making it difficult to timely and accurately evaluate the training effect, which is not conducive to the user to improve the operation skills, and is difficult to meet the needs of efficient clinical skill training.

[0006] Therefore, how to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art has become the research subject of the present application. SUMMARY

[0007] The application aims to provide a bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching and a preparation method.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the technical scheme of: A bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching comprises at least two tooth blocks provided with pulp cavities, parts of the outer surfaces of the tooth blocks form at least one joint surface, the tooth blocks are assembled by abutting the corresponding joint surfaces to at least surround a root canal cavity through the pulp cavities, and the tooth blocks are separately arranged.

[0009] The pulp cavity is specifically embodied as a recess structure on the tooth block, which can also be referred to as a recess.

[0010] Preferably, parts of the outer surfaces of the tooth blocks are arranged flat to form at least one joint surface, and the joint surface is a joint plane at this time. The joint surface can also be optionally set as a joint curved surface. The following is described with the joint surface as a joint plane.

[0011] The pulp cavities can simultaneously surround a root canal cavity and a pulp chamber, and the following is described with the surrounding of the root canal cavity.

[0012] The tooth blocks can be used to simulate human tooth parts, and the specific parts are not limited, such as can include a crown part, such as can include an alveolar bone part, and can also include a pulp chamber, a tooth root, etc. The shape of the tooth block can simulate the general shape of a certain type of tooth (such as a premolar).

[0013] The application is described in the process of using the bionic root canal model for root canal treatment simulation training and teaching. The model can simulate clinical operations and allow instrument cutting or material filling in the root canal cavity. In the simulation training, special training such as root canal exploration, root canal mechanical preparation, material filling, material removal, broken needle removal, and comprehensive training of complete processes such as root canal preparation (including opening of pulp) + filling, root canal retreatment, and microscopic root canal treatment can be carried out.

[0014] Through the assembly of the tooth blocks, the root canal cavity is surrounded by the pulp cavities to obtain the bionic root canal model, and the user is trained through the bionic root canal model to master the ability of root canal treatment. The morphology of the root canal cavity is not limited, and various complex real root canals can be reproduced by adjusting the pulp cavities to meet the needs of users for simulation training of different difficulties. At the same time, the tooth blocks are separately arranged, and the internal evaluation of the root canal preparation effect is realized by the detachable structure design, which greatly improves the teaching feedback quality. In addition, the tooth blocks are assembled by abutting the corresponding joint surfaces to form the bionic root canal model, and the joint surface is formed by the flat arrangement of parts of the outer surfaces of the tooth blocks. The flat arrangement reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the tooth blocks, and further reduces the cost of applying the bionic root canal model for teaching.

[0015] In summary, the bionic root canal model in the application can be disassembled and reused, and the training effect can be evaluated in time and accurately without damaging the model, which is beneficial for the user to improve the operation skill and meets the demand of efficient clinical skill training.

[0016] It should be noted that the number of the joint surfaces is indefinite, for example, one tooth block needs to be assembled with two tooth blocks, and two joint surfaces are arranged on the tooth block.

[0017] Optionally, the bionic root canal model is formed by printing and assembling the integrated root canal model through a planned segmentation path.

[0018] In a further technical solution, the tooth block is a resin block, and / or the tooth block is a transparent structure.

[0019] The tooth block is a resin block, which can be produced by printing, and the tooth block can be manufactured conveniently and restored to the root canal cavity with high precision.

[0020] The tooth block can be made of transparent photosensitive resin (such as epoxy acrylate), so that the root canal cavity can be directly observed, which is suitable for users with little experience to learn root canal treatment operation, and the user can observe the position and action of the instrument in the root canal cavity in real time during root canal preparation.

[0021] The tooth block can also be an opaque structure, such as made of the above resin, but the resin is added with an opacifying agent (such as titanium dioxide, barium sulfate) or a coloring agent (such as organic red, yellow pigment) to achieve the opaque effect, so that the bionic root canal model is closer to the clinical reality, and can be used for advanced training of users with rich experience, thereby improving the application teaching range of the bionic root canal model.

[0022] In a further technical solution, the tooth block is a resin block, and the resin block is mixed with an X-ray blocking material, such as bismuth oxide, so that the bionic root canal model can be developed under X-ray, thereby being able to be used for simulating clinical film positioning or micro-CT scanning, and improving the application teaching range of the bionic root canal model. Preferably, the proportion of bismuth oxide in the manufacturing material of the tooth block is 10-20 wt%.

[0023] It should be noted that after the root canal training is completed, the evaluation can be performed in two ways: (1) Direct observation evaluation: after the tooth block is disassembled, the preparation quality of the root canal wall (such as whether it is smooth, whether there are steps, side penetration and residual cutting debris) and the tightness of the filling material are directly observed, so as to realize efficient and immediate teaching feedback; (2) Non-destructive quantitative evaluation: Directly perform micro-CT scanning to accurately quantitatively analyze the prepared root canal morphology, cleanliness and three-dimensional filling effect. In addition, a microbalance can be used to objectively evaluate the root canal wall cutting amount and the amount of debris pushed out of the root tip by weighing the model before and after preparation, or collecting and weighing the push-out material in the following collection tank.

[0024] In a further aspect, the dental blocks are provided in two, and the two dental blocks are distributed along a first direction and each extend along a second direction, and the first direction is orthogonal to the second direction. This aspect can be regarded as cutting the bionic root canal model along the vertical direction to divide it into two parts. The two dental blocks can be separated to directly observe and evaluate the preparation quality of the root canal wall (such as whether it is smooth, whether there are steps, lateral penetration and residual cutting debris) and the tightness of the filling material, thereby achieving efficient and immediate teaching feedback. In addition, the bionic root canal model can be quickly disassembled, and the manufacturing difficulty of the bionic root canal model is also reduced.

[0025] Compared to cutting the bionic root canal model along the horizontal direction, it can be understood that cutting along the vertical direction is more conducive to directly observing and evaluating the preparation quality of the root canal wall.

[0026] In some embodiments, the dental blocks are provided in two, and the two dental blocks are collectively sleeved with the same fixing ring on the outside to achieve fixed assembly of the two dental blocks in a simple manner. Alternatively, two fixing rings can be provided, and the two fixing rings are arranged at the two ends of the bionic root canal model.

[0027] For ease of understanding, the first direction can be regarded as the horizontal direction, and the second direction can be regarded as the vertical direction.

[0028] In a further aspect, one of the two abutting assembled dental blocks is provided with a tenon, and the other is provided with a mortise matched with the tenon, and the two abutting assembled dental blocks are relatively fixed through the mortise and tenon joint of the corresponding tenon and mortise. Based on this, no additional connecting structure is needed to achieve fixed assembly of the two abutting assembled dental blocks, which further quickly disassembles the bionic root canal model, reduces the manufacturing cost of the bionic root canal model, and avoids affecting the observation of the root canal cavity due to the arrangement of the connecting structure. For example, the above-mentioned fixing ring can be sleeved on the outside of the bionic root canal model to achieve fixed assembly of each dental block, but the fixing ring can affect the simulation of clinical film positioning or micro-CT scanning.

[0029] In a further aspect, the dental block includes a tooth root part and an alveolar bone part wrapping the tooth root part, and the tooth root part and the alveolar bone part are arranged in a spaced manner to form a periodontal membrane gap region.

[0030] There is a periodontal membrane gap between the roots of natural teeth and the alveolar bone, which is filled with periodontal membrane tissue and is a buffer and connecting structure between teeth and alveolar bone. In the present application, the periodontal membrane gap region is set, which not only restores the real anatomical structure, but also provides a physical space basis for the visualization of operation errors. For example, the setting of the periodontal membrane gap region enables the user to observe and judge the remaining root canal wall thickness after root canal preparation, and can also directly check whether the operation error of strip-shaped lateral penetration or root canal wall penetration and invasion into the periodontal membrane gap occurs, further improving the application teaching range of the bionic root canal model. When the periodontal membrane gap region is formed, the external morphology of the root part is retained.

[0031] A preparation method of a bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching, for preparing the bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching in any of the embodiments described above, the preparation method comprising the following steps: Step one, selecting a target root canal morphology; Step two, importing a root canal digital model corresponding to the target root canal morphology into a 3D modeling software; Step three, integrating the root canal digital model with a preset base model to obtain an integrated root canal model, wherein the integrated root canal model includes a root canal cavity region occupied by at least part of the root canal digital model; Step four, planning a segmentation path in the integrated root canal model, the segmentation path passing through the root canal cavity region; Step five, printing at least two tooth blocks according to the planned segmentation path; Step six, assembling each of the tooth blocks according to the planned segmentation path to obtain a bionic root canal model.

[0032] In step one, a root canal morphology database can be used, or a root canal morphology database can be established by oneself. The latter is illustrated as follows: a large number of extracted teeth are scanned by micro-CT to obtain three-dimensional data, and then the teeth are three-dimensionally reconstructed by software to establish a root canal digital database containing various standard morphologies and variant morphologies. When preparing, a target root canal morphology (such as the second root canal morphology of the mesial buccal root of the maxillary first molar, the C-shaped root canal morphology) is selected from the database.

[0033] Step two is a routine and will not be described here.

[0034] In step three, the root canal digital model only represents the root canal morphology and cannot constitute a tooth alone. Therefore, the root canal digital model is integrated with a preset base model (as a solid structure in the tooth) to obtain an integrated root canal model. This process can be achieved through a series of modeling operations, including but not limited to stretching or scaling any one of the root canal digital model or the preset base model. In this step, the relative position and size of the root canal digital model and the preset base model need to be adjusted.

[0035] In steps four to six, for example: in step four, a vertical split line is planned to divide the integrated root canal model into two sub-models, similar to a half structure; the split line passes through the root canal cavity region, so that both sub-models have part of the root canal cavity region, and thus the tooth blocks generated in step five have pulp cavities; in step six, the tooth blocks are assembled to obtain a bionic root canal model, and the two pulp cavities form a root canal cavity. The split line can be a straight line or a curved line, and there can be one or more split lines, i.e., the number and shape of tooth blocks can be adjusted according to needs, such as adjusting according to the shape of the root canal cavity.

[0036] The bionic root canal model obtained by the preparation method has a realistic shape, especially the root canal cavity in the bionic root canal model can simulate various real root canals according to the selected target root canal morphology, which can train the user to master the ability of root canal treatment and meet the user's demand for simulation training of different difficulties. The conventional morphology of the root canal (such as the typical root canal morphology with population representation selected from the Chinese tooth anatomy database) or the variant root canal morphology (such as C-shaped root canal and three-root mandibular molar root canal) can be flexibly selected to meet the needs of simulation training and teaching at different levels, and the realism and teaching pertinence of the bionic root canal model can be improved.

[0037] It should be noted that the existing root canal model has obvious limitations, and the internal root canal morphology is mainly composed of simple geometric shapes, such as combinations of arcs and straight lines, and the whole is a fixed tapering conical shape. This design is too simplified and is far from the complex and variable root canal anatomy structure of real human teeth. Therefore, when the user uses such a model for training, it is difficult to master the skills required to handle real root canal morphologies (such as root tip bending and oval root canal morphologies), leading to a gap between teaching effectiveness and clinical practice. The realism of the root canal model manufactured by the preparation method is improved, which can effectively solve this problem. In addition, the root canal model manufactured by the preparation method can include a dental crown and a periodontal membrane structure, so as to simulate the pulp opening step to evaluate whether a common clinical mistake such as a dangerous zonal lateral penetration to the periodontal membrane occurs, and improve the comprehensiveness and realism of teaching feedback.

[0038] It should be further explained that the root canal digital model can include only the root canal, or can include the root canal, pulp chamber, and tooth crown at the same time. For the former, the preset basic model is used as the solid part of the tooth body, and for the latter, the preset basic model and the root canal digital model are used together as the solid part of the tooth body. Different root canal digital models can be selected according to specific teaching and training needs.

[0039] In a further technical solution, the preset basic model is in the shape of a cube. On the one hand, it is convenient for integrating different morphological root canal digital models; on the other hand, it is convenient for printing the integrated root canal model (or tooth body block); and on the other hand, it is convenient for fixing and assembling the tooth body block by using an external connecting structure (such as the fixing ring mentioned above).

[0040] In a further technical solution, in step three, the size of the root canal cavity region in the integrated root canal model is adjusted.

[0041] The integrated root canal model as a whole can be adjusted in size, so as to adjust the size of the printed root canal cavity. In this part, the size of the root canal cavity region in the integrated root canal model is adjusted separately, so that the size of the root canal cavity in the bionic root canal model is smaller than the normal size, and then the bionic root canal model can adjust the root canal cavity to a state deviating from the normal value according to the needs on the basis of maintaining the original anatomical morphological characteristics, so as to simulate special clinical cases or achieve graded training of different difficulties. The size adjustment of the root canal cavity can be achieved by scaling the size of the root canal digital model in the X, Y, and Z axis directions by equal proportion or unequal proportion. The time period of size adjustment can be before the integration step or after the integration step.

[0042] In step three, in addition to adjusting the root canal cavity region separately, the integrated root canal model as a whole can be adjusted in size. Generally, the size of the preset basic model is preset, and the size can be directly used.

[0043] Further, in step four, the sectioning surface is formed on the integrated root canal model by planning a segmentation path, and the sectioning surface is formed by a plurality of section planes. In this way, the tenon or mortise can be formed on the tooth block, and the two tooth blocks can be fixed and assembled without additional connecting structure. The disassembly and assembly of the bionic root canal model can be realized quickly, the manufacturing cost of the bionic root canal model is reduced, and the observation of the root canal cavity is not affected by the connecting structure. For example, the sectioning surface can be formed by five section planes, two of which are vertically arranged to form the interface, and the other three of which are vertically arranged to form the surface of the tenon or mortise. Two mortises can be formed on the tooth block, one of which is used for connection, and the other of which is used as a collection groove to accommodate the debris pushed out by the drill needle during root canal preparation (initially stored in the root canal cavity). The collection groove is a conventional structure, and thus is not described herein.

[0044] As used herein, "first", "second", and / or the like are not intended to refer to a specific order, nor are they intended to limit the present disclosure. They are used merely to distinguish between components or operations.

[0045] As used herein, "connected" or "coupled" can mean either a direct connection or an indirect connection through one or more intermediaries.

[0046] As used herein, "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", and / or the like can mean "including, but not limited to".

[0047] As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", and / or the like are open-ended terms that mean "including, but not limited to".

[0048] As used herein, "front", "back", "up", "down", "left", "right", and / or the like are directional terms used to describe the positional relationship between structures, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure and the specific direction during actual implementation.

[0049] The working principle and advantages of the present application are as follows: By assembling individual tooth blocks, the pulp cavities are enclosed to form root canal chambers, resulting in a biomimetic root canal model. This model is used to train users to master root canal treatment skills. The shape of the root canal chambers is not limited; various complex real root canals can be replicated by adjusting the pulp cavities, meeting users' needs for simulation training of varying difficulty. Furthermore, the tooth blocks can be separated, enabling internal evaluation of root canal preparation effectiveness and significantly improving the quality of teaching feedback. In addition, the tooth blocks are assembled by contacting corresponding surfaces to form the biomimetic root canal model. These contact surfaces are formed by partially flattening the outer surface of the tooth blocks. This planar design reduces the difficulty of fabricating the tooth blocks, thereby lowering the cost of using biomimetic root canal models for teaching.

[0050] In summary, the bionic root canal model in this application can be disassembled and reused, and the training effect can be evaluated in a timely and accurate manner without damaging the model. This is beneficial for users to improve their operational skills in a targeted manner and can meet the needs of efficient clinical skills training. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Appendix Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the bionic root canal model in an embodiment of the present invention (perspective processing, excluding the crown). Appendix Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the bionic root canal model in an embodiment of the present invention (perspective processing, excluding the crown). Appendix Figure 3 This is the third schematic diagram of the bionic root canal model in an embodiment of the present invention (sectional view, excluding the crown). Appendix Figure 4 This is the fourth schematic diagram of the bionic root canal model (including the crown) in an embodiment of the present invention. Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 4 A sectional view.

[0052] In the above attached diagrams: 1. Pulp cavity; 2. Tooth mass; 3. Intercontinental surface; 4. Root canal; 5. Collection groove; 6. Fixation ring; 7. Pulp chamber; 8. Crown; 9. Periodontal ligament space. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Example: The present invention will be clearly described below with illustrations and detailed description. Any person skilled in the art who understands the examples of the present invention can make changes and modifications based on the technology taught in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0054] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting thereof. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0055] Referring to the drawings Figure 1 -Referring to the drawings Figure 5 A bionic root canal model for dental teaching, comprising at least two tooth blocks 2 provided with pulp cavities 1, and parts of the outer surfaces of each of the tooth blocks 2 form at least one corresponding interface 3, each of the tooth blocks 2 is assembled by abutting the corresponding interface 3 to at least enclose a root canal cavity 4 through each of the pulp cavities 1, and each of the tooth blocks 2 is detachably arranged.

[0056] Each of the pulp cavities 1 can simultaneously enclose a root canal cavity 4 and a pulp chamber 7, and the following description is made with respect to the root canal cavity 4.

[0057] The tooth blocks 2 can be used to simulate human tooth parts, and the specific parts are not limited, for example, the tooth blocks 2 can include a crown 8 part, can include a jawbone part, and can also include a pulp chamber 7, a tooth root, etc. The shape of the tooth blocks 2 can simulate the general shape of a certain type of tooth (such as a premolar).

[0058] The present embodiment is described with respect to the process of using the bionic root canal model for root canal treatment simulation training and teaching. The model can simulate clinical operations and allow instrument cutting or material filling in the root canal cavity 4. In the simulation training, special training such as root canal exploration, root canal mechanical preparation, material filling, material removal, broken needle removal, and comprehensive training of complete processes such as root canal preparation (including pulp opening) + filling, root canal retreatment, and microscopic root canal treatment can be performed.

[0059] Through the assembly of each of the tooth blocks 2, the root canal cavity 4 is enclosed by each of the pulp cavities 1 to obtain the bionic root canal model, and the user is trained through the bionic root canal model to master the ability of root canal treatment. The morphology of the root canal cavity 4 is not limited, and various complex real root canals can be reproduced by adjusting each of the pulp cavities 1 to meet the needs of users for simulation training of different difficulties. At the same time, each of the tooth blocks 2 is detachably arranged, and the detachable structure design makes the internal evaluation of the root canal preparation effect become a reality, greatly improving the teaching feedback quality. In addition, each of the tooth blocks 2 is assembled to form the bionic root canal model by abutting the corresponding interface 3, and the interface 3 is formed by flatly arranging part of the outer surface of the tooth block 2. This flat arrangement reduces the difficulty of manufacturing the tooth block 2, and in turn reduces the cost of applying the bionic root canal model for teaching.

[0060] In summary, the bionic root canal model in the present embodiment can be disassembled and reused, and the training effect can be evaluated in a timely and accurate manner without damaging the model, which is beneficial for the user to improve the operation skills in a targeted manner and can meet the needs of efficient clinical skill training.

[0061] It should be noted that the number of interfaces 3 is indefinite, for example, one tooth block 2 needs to be assembled with two tooth blocks 2, and the tooth block 2 is provided with two interfaces 3.

[0062] In the embodiment, the tooth block 2 is a resin block, and / or the tooth block 2 is a transparent structure.

[0063] The tooth block 2 is a resin block, which can be produced by printing, convenient to manufacture, and can restore the root canal cavity 4 with high precision.

[0064] The tooth block 2 can be made of transparent photosensitive resin (such as epoxy acrylate), so that the root canal cavity 4 can be directly observed, which is suitable for users with little experience to learn root canal treatment operation, and can allow them to observe the position and action of the instrument in the root canal cavity 4 in real time during root canal preparation.

[0065] The tooth block 2 can also be an opaque structure, such as made of the above resin, but the resin is added with a light shielding agent (such as titanium dioxide, barium sulfate) or a coloring agent (such as organic red, yellow pigment) to achieve the opaque effect, so that the bionic root canal model is closer to the clinical reality, which can be used for advanced training of users with more experience, thereby improving the application teaching range of the bionic root canal model.

[0066] In the embodiment, the tooth block 2 is a resin block, and the resin block is mixed with an X-ray blocking material, such as bismuth oxide, so that the bionic root canal model can be developed under X-ray, thereby being able to be used for simulating clinical film positioning or micro-CT scanning, and improving the application teaching range of the bionic root canal model. Preferably, the proportion of bismuth oxide in the manufacturing material of the tooth block 2 is 10-20wt%.

[0067] It should be noted that after the root canal training is completed, the evaluation can be carried out in two ways: (1) Direct observation evaluation: after the tooth block 2 is disassembled, the preparation quality of the root canal wall (such as whether it is smooth, whether there are steps, side penetration and residual cutting debris) and the tightness of the filling material are directly observed, so as to realize efficient and instant teaching feedback; (2) Non-destructive quantitative evaluation: directly performing micro-CT scanning, and accurately quantitatively analyzing the prepared root canal shape, cleanliness and filling three-dimensional effect; in addition, a microbalance can also be used, by weighing the weight change of the model before and after preparation, or collecting and weighing the following collection tank 5, to objectively evaluate the root canal wall cutting amount and the amount of debris pushed out of the root tip.

[0068] In the embodiment, the tooth blocks 2 are provided in two, and the two tooth blocks 2 are distributed along a first direction and each extends along a second direction, the first direction is arranged orthogonally to the second direction. This part can be regarded as cutting the bionic root canal model along the vertical direction to divide it into two parts. The two tooth blocks 2 can be separated to directly observe and evaluate the preparation quality of the root canal wall (such as whether it is smooth, whether there is a step, lateral penetration and residual cutting debris) and the tightness of the filling material, realize efficient and instant teaching feedback, and quickly realize the disassembly and assembly of the bionic root canal model, and the manufacturing difficulty of the bionic root canal model is also reduced.

[0069] Compared with cutting the bionic root canal model along the transverse direction, it can be understood that cutting along the vertical direction is more conducive to directly observing and evaluating the preparation quality of the root canal wall.

[0070] In some embodiments, the tooth blocks 2 are provided in two, and the two tooth blocks 2 are collectively sleeved with the same fixing ring 6 on the outside to realize the fixed assembly of the two tooth blocks 2 in a simple way. Alternatively, two fixing rings 6 can be provided, and the two fixing rings 6 are separately arranged at the two ends of the bionic root canal model.

[0071] For the convenience of understanding, the first direction can be regarded as the horizontal direction, and the second direction can be regarded as the vertical direction.

[0072] In the embodiment, one of the two tooth blocks 2 in abutment assembly is provided with a tenon, and the other is provided with a mortise matched with the tenon, and the two tooth blocks 2 in abutment assembly are kept relatively fixed by the tenon joint of the corresponding tenon and mortise. Based on this, no additional connecting structure is needed to realize the fixed assembly of the two tooth blocks 2 in abutment assembly, further realizing the disassembly and assembly of the bionic root canal model quickly, reducing the manufacturing cost of the bionic root canal model, and avoiding the influence on the observation of the root canal cavity 4 due to the setting of the connecting structure. For example, the fixed assembly of each tooth block 2 can be realized by sleeving the above-mentioned fixing ring 6 on the outside of the bionic root canal model, but the fixing ring 6 may affect the effect of simulating clinical film positioning or micro-CT scanning.

[0073] In the embodiment, the tooth block 2 includes a tooth root part and an alveolar bone part wrapping the tooth root part, and the tooth root part and the alveolar bone part are arranged in a spaced manner (may be partially spaced) to form a periodontal membrane gap area 9.

[0074] There is a periodontal membrane gap between the roots of natural teeth and the alveolar bone, which is filled with periodontal membrane tissue and is a buffer and connecting structure between teeth and alveolar bone. In the embodiment, the periodontal membrane gap area 9 is arranged, which not only restores the real anatomical structure, but also provides a physical space basis for the visualization of operation errors. For example, the arrangement of the periodontal membrane gap area 9 enables the user to observe and judge the remaining root canal wall thickness after root canal preparation, and can also directly check whether the operation error of strip-shaped lateral penetration or root canal wall penetration and invasion into the periodontal membrane gap occurs, further improving the application teaching range of the bionic root canal model. When the periodontal membrane gap area 9 is formed, the external morphology of the root part is retained.

[0075] A preparation method of a bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching, for preparing the bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching in any of the above embodiments, the preparation method comprising the following steps: Step one, selecting a target root canal morphology; Step two, importing a root canal digital model corresponding to the target root canal morphology into a 3D modeling software; Step three, integrating the root canal digital model with a preset base model to obtain an integrated root canal model, wherein the integrated root canal model includes a root canal cavity area occupied by at least part of the root canal digital model; Step four, planning a segmentation path in the integrated root canal model, the segmentation path passing through the root canal cavity area; Step five, printing at least two tooth blocks 2 according to the planned segmentation path; Step six, assembling each tooth block 2 according to the planned segmentation path to obtain a bionic root canal model.

[0076] In step one, a root canal morphology database can be used, or a root canal morphology database can be established by oneself. The latter is exemplified as follows: a large number of extracted teeth are scanned by micro-CT to obtain three-dimensional data, and then the teeth are three-dimensionally reconstructed by software, thereby establishing a root canal digital database containing various standard morphologies and variant morphologies. When preparing, a target root canal morphology (such as the second root canal morphology of the mesial buccal root of the maxillary first molar, the C-shaped root canal morphology) is selected from the database.

[0077] Step two is a routine matter and will not be described here.

[0078] In step three, the root canal digital model only represents the root canal morphology and cannot constitute a tooth body alone. Therefore, the root canal digital model is integrated with a preset base model (as a solid structure in the tooth body) to obtain an integrated root canal model. This process can be achieved through a series of modeling operations, including but not limited to stretching or scaling any one of the root canal digital model or the preset base model. In this step, it is mainly necessary to adjust the relative position and size of the root canal digital model and the preset base model.

[0079] In steps four to six, for example: in step four, a vertical dividing line is planned to divide the integrated root canal model into two sub-models, similar to a half structure; the dividing line passes through the root canal cavity region, so that both sub-models have part of the root canal cavity region, and then the tooth body block 2 generated in step five has a pulp cavity 1; in step six, during the process of assembling each tooth body block 2 to obtain the bionic root canal model, the two pulp cavities 1 enclose the root canal cavity 4.

[0080] The bionic root canal model obtained by the preparation method has a realistic shape, especially the root canal cavity 4 in the bionic root canal model can simulate various real root canals according to the selected target root canal morphology, can train the user to master the ability of root canal treatment, and meet the needs of users for simulation training of different difficulties. The conventional morphology of the root canal (such as the typical root canal morphology with population representation selected from the Chinese tooth anatomy database) or the variant root canal morphology (such as C-shaped root canal, three-root mandibular molar root canal) owned by a small number of people can be flexibly selected to meet the needs of simulation training and teaching at different levels, and the realism and teaching pertinence of the bionic root canal model can be improved.

[0081] It should be noted that the existing manufactured root canal model has obvious limitations, and the internal root canal morphology is mainly composed of simple geometric shapes, such as the combination of circular arcs and straight lines, and the whole is a fixed taper conical shape. This design is too simplified and is far from the complex and variable root canal anatomy structure of real human teeth. Therefore, when the user uses such a model for training, it is difficult to master the skills required for processing real root canal morphology (such as root tip bending, oval root canal morphology, etc.), leading to a gap between teaching effect and clinical practice. The realism of the root canal model manufactured by the preparation method is improved, which can effectively solve this problem. In addition, the root canal model manufactured by the preparation method can include a dental crown 8 and a periodontal membrane structure, so as to simulate the pulp opening step to evaluate whether a common clinical mistake such as dangerous zonal lateral penetration to the periodontal membrane occurs, and improve the comprehensiveness and realism of teaching feedback.

[0082] It should be further explained that the root canal digital model can only include the root canal, or can simultaneously include the root canal, the pulp chamber 7, and the dental crown 8. For the former, the preset basic model is used as the solid part of the tooth, and for the latter, the preset basic model is used together with the root canal digital model as the solid part of the tooth. Different root canal digital models can be selected according to specific teaching and training needs.

[0083] In the present embodiment, the preset basic model is in the shape of a cube. On the one hand, this facilitates the integration of different morphological root canal digital models. On the other hand, this facilitates the printing of the integrated root canal model (or the printing of the tooth block 2). On the other hand, this facilitates the use of external connecting structures (such as the fixing ring 6) to achieve the fixed assembly of the tooth block 2.

[0084] In the present embodiment, in step three, the size of the root canal cavity region in the integrated root canal model is adjusted.

[0085] The integrated root canal model as a whole can be adjusted in size, thereby adjusting the size of the printed root canal cavity 4. In this part, the size of the root canal cavity region in the integrated root canal model is adjusted separately, so that the size of the root canal cavity 4 in the bionic root canal model is smaller than the normal size, and thus the bionic root canal model can adjust the root canal cavity 4 to a state deviating from the normal value as needed on the basis of maintaining the original anatomical morphological characteristics, so as to simulate special clinical cases or achieve training at different levels of difficulty. The size adjustment of the root canal cavity 4 can be achieved by scaling the size of the root canal digital model in the X, Y, and Z axis directions in a proportional or non-proportional manner. The time period for size adjustment can be before the integration step or after the integration step.

[0086] In step three, in addition to adjusting the root canal cavity region separately, the integrated root canal model as a whole can be adjusted in size. Generally, the size of the preset basic model is preset, and the size can be directly used.

[0087] In the present embodiment, in step four, a sectioning surface is formed on the integrated root canal model by planning a segmentation path. The sectioning surface is composed of a plurality of section planes. Based on this, the above-mentioned tenon or mortise can be formed on the subsequently generated tooth block 2, without the need for additional connecting structures to achieve the fixed assembly of the two tooth blocks 2 that abut each other, further quickly achieving the disassembly and assembly of the bionic root canal model, reducing the manufacturing cost of the bionic root canal model, and avoiding the influence of the connecting structure on the observation of the root canal cavity 4. For example, the sectioning surface can be composed of five section planes, two of which (which can be vertically arranged) constitute the abutting surface 3, and the other three of which (one of which can be vertically arranged, and the other two of which can be horizontally arranged) constitute the surface of the tenon or mortise.

[0088] Two recesses can be formed on the tooth block 2, one of which is used for connection and the other is used as a collecting groove 5 to accommodate the debris pushed out by the drill bit during root canal preparation (initially stored in the root canal cavity 4). The collecting groove 5 is a conventional arrangement and will not be described here.

[0089] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and characteristics of the present application, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and to implement it, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching, characterized by: The resin block is mixed with X-ray blocking material.

2. The biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin block is mixed with X-ray blocking material.

3. The biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two resin blocks are arranged along a first direction and each extends along a second direction, the first direction being orthogonal to the second direction.

4. The biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the two resin blocks is provided with a tenon and the other is provided with a mortise matching the tenon, and the two resin blocks are fixed relative to each other by the tenon and the mortise.

5. The biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resin block comprises a root part and an alveolar bone part wrapping the root part, and the root part and the alveolar bone part are arranged in a spaced manner to form a periodontal membrane gap area.

6. The biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic root canal model is formed by printing and assembling the integrated root canal model according to a planned segmentation path.

7. A method for preparing a biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching, characterized by: The method for preparing the bionic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to any one of claims 1-6 comprises the following steps: Step one, selecting a target root canal shape; Step two, importing a root canal digital model corresponding to the target root canal shape into 3D modeling software; Step three, integrating the root canal digital model with a preset base model to obtain an integrated root canal model, the integrated root canal model comprising a root canal cavity area occupied by at least part of the root canal digital model; Step four, planning a segmentation path in the integrated root canal model, the segmentation path passing through the root canal cavity area; Step five, printing at least two resin blocks according to the planned segmentation path; Step six, assembling the resin blocks according to the planned segmentation path to obtain a bionic root canal model.

8. The method for preparing a biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preset base model is in the shape of a cube.

9. The method for preparing a biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step three, the root canal cavity area in the integrated root canal model is adjusted in size.

10. The method for preparing a biomimetic resin block root canal model for dental teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step four, a section surface is formed on the integrated root canal model by the planned segmentation path, the section surface being composed of a plurality of section planes.

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