Electric seeder with gravel treatment device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric seeding machine with a gravel treatment device, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the electric seeding machine comprises a walking mechanism, a rack, at least one seeding unit and a control module, the seeding unit is mounted on the rack, and the electric seeding machine also comprises the gravel treatment device detachably mounted on the rack; the gravel treatment device comprises a gravel filtering assembly which is mounted on the rack, is positioned at the front end of the seeding unit and is used for screening gravel in soil; the automatic stone pushing assembly is mounted behind the gravel filtering assembly and is used for pushing unfiltered gravels away from the seeding path; the conveying and collecting device is mounted on the rack and used for conveying and collecting the screened gravels; the scattering assembly is mounted behind the seeding unit and is used for laying the collected gravels back on the surface of the sown soil; the gravel filtering assembly, the automatic gravel pushing assembly, the conveying and collecting device and the throwing assembly are controlled in a linkage mode through the control module. The device has the advantage of screening, cleaning and treating gravel in a seeding path.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, more specifically, it relates to an electric seeding machine with stone processing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of agricultural mechanization and intelligentization level, as a new type of green and environmentally friendly agricultural equipment, the electric seeding machine gradually replaces the traditional fuel-driven seeding equipment due to its advantages of convenient operation, low energy consumption, low maintenance cost, etc., and has become an important part of green planting and precision agriculture. Electric seeding machine is especially suitable for complex or closed operation environment such as small and medium-sized farmland, hilly and mountainous areas and greenhouse planting, and has been widely applied and popularized in actual production.

[0003] Among the existing various structures of electric seeding machines, the duckbill type rotary seeder is widely integrated in the seeding unit due to its compact structure, uniform seed distribution, good cooperation with the electric drive system and other characteristics. This kind of seeder cooperates with the rotary seed plate through the duckbill-shaped seeding port, which can realize the strip seeding or hole seeding of medium and large particle size seeds such as corn and soybeans, and has good seeding consistency and stability.

[0004] However, in the new reclaimed land or secondary integrated area with poor natural conditions such as hilly and mountainous areas, terraces, etc., due to the presence of foreign matters such as gravel, stones and stones in the soil, the electric seeding machine faces the following problems during operation:

[0005] (1) Seeding efficiency is reduced: gravel is prone to be stuck in the seed distribution mechanism, causing blockage, hole skipping, uneven seeding, etc. In severe cases, frequent stop for cleaning is required, which reduces the overall operation efficiency;

[0006] (2) Seeding device is easily damaged: the high-speed rotating duckbill type seeder frequently encounters stone impact during operation, which easily causes the concave of the seeding plate to be depressed, broken or damaged, affecting the seeding accuracy and equipment life;

[0007] (3) Poor equipment adaptability: the existing seeding equipment generally lacks active processing ability for gravel, and cannot adapt to the seeding demand in complex terrain, which limits the universal applicability of the electric seeding machine;

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an electric seeding machine with a stone processing device to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0009] In view of the problems of reduced seeding efficiency, damaged seeding device and poor equipment adaptability in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an electric seeding machine with a stone processing device, which has the advantages of screening, cleaning and processing the stones in the seeding path.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] The electric seeding machine with the stone processing device comprises a walking mechanism, a frame, at least one seeding unit and a control module, the seeding unit is installed on the frame, and the stone processing device is detachably installed on the frame;

[0012] The stone processing device comprises:

[0013] The stone filtering assembly is installed on the frame and located at the front end of the seeding unit, and is used for screening the stones in the soil;

[0014] The automatic stone pushing assembly is installed behind the stone filtering assembly, and is used for pushing the unfiltered stones away from the seeding path;

[0015] The conveying and collecting device is installed on the frame, and is used for conveying and collecting the screened stones;

[0016] The throwing assembly is installed behind the seeding unit, and is used for re-paving the collected stones on the soil surface after seeding;

[0017] The stone filtering assembly, the automatic stone pushing assembly, the conveying and collecting device and the throwing assembly are linkage controlled by the control module.

[0018] According to the scheme, the advantages at least lie in that for the electric seeding machine in the prior art, the problems of the reduced seeding efficiency, the easily damaged seeding device and the poor equipment adaptability when seeding in the new reclaimed land or the secondary integrated area with poor natural conditions such as hilly areas and terraces are solved, the stone filtering assembly is arranged, so that the stones in the soil are pre-screened, most of the stones are filtered out, the automatic stone pushing assembly is arranged, the unfiltered stones are further pushed away from the seeding path and are ditched, the stones in the seeding path are effectively removed, and the impact of the stones on the duckbill type rotary seeder is reduced.

[0019] Finally, the screened stones are collected and conveyed to the rear by the conveying and collecting device, after the seeding unit completes the seeding operation, the stones are re-paved on the soil surface by the throwing assembly, the stones are reused, the soil is covered, the humidity is maintained, and the wind erosion is prevented, and the stones are prevented from being accumulated to block the machine or form an obstacle;

[0020] The stone filtering assembly, the automatic stone pushing assembly, the conveying and collecting device and the throwing assembly are arranged, the stones in the soil can be effectively separated and treated before seeding, the stones can be re-paved and reused, and the environmental adaptability, the service life and the seeding stability of the electric seeding machine are significantly improved.

[0021] The application is further provided with: the gravel filtering assembly comprises a lifting support, a filtering screen shovel, an angle adjusting assembly, a scraping assembly for cleaning the gravel in the filtering screen shovel, and a vibrating motor detachably installed on the filtering screen shovel.

[0022] The lifting support is installed on the rack through a lifting driving device.

[0023] The filtering screen shovel is provided with a rotating shaft at both ends and is rotatably installed on the lifting support through the rotating shaft.

[0024] The angle adjusting assembly comprises a worm wheel, a worm and a first motor, the worm wheel is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, the first motor is installed on the lifting support, and the worm is fixedly installed on the output end of the first motor, and the worm wheel and the worm are in meshing engagement.

[0025] The advantages of this scheme are at least: before sowing, the lifting support is driven by the lifting driving device to adjust the filtering screen shovel to a suitable height, so that the filtering screen shovel is adjusted in depth according to the terrain and the thickness of the soil, and is suitable for different terrains; the filtering screen shovel can be flexibly adjusted in screening angle according to the soil condition and the operation requirement through the cooperation of the worm wheel, the worm and the first motor, so that the best screening state is achieved.

[0026] The detachable vibrating motor is installed on the filtering screen shovel, and the filtering screen shovel is periodically vibrated during work to assist the separation of gravel and soil, and when part of the gravel is accumulated, the scraping assembly is started to scrape the gravel out of the filtering screen shovel, so that the gravel is prevented from being blocked and the screening is continuously and efficiently carried out.

[0027] The application is further provided with: the angle adjusting assembly further comprises a supporting assembly, the supporting assembly comprises two connecting rods and two sliding seats, one end of the two connecting rods is hingedly installed at one end of the filtering screen shovel, the other end is rotatably installed on the two sliding seats, the two sliding seats are slidably installed on the lifting support and are fixed through locking members.

[0028] The advantages of this scheme are at least: in view of the phenomenon that the filtering screen shovel may be unstable after adjusting the angle and may be deviated in angle due to external force, the supporting assembly further provided on the angle adjusting assembly is used to adjust the forward inclination or backward inclination angle of the filtering screen shovel, the supporting structure formed by the two connecting rods is lifted or lowered with the rotation of the shovel body, and is moved on the lifting support through the sliding seats, and is locked through the locking members at the appropriate position, so that the stability of the filtering screen shovel in the sowing operation is ensured, and the original set angle is prevented from being changed due to the soil reaction force.

[0029] The application is further provided with: the scraping assembly comprises a lead screw, a scraping plate, a guide hook and a second motor.

[0030] The filtering screen shovel is provided with a sliding hole, and the lead screw is rotatably installed in the sliding hole.

[0031] The second motor is installed on the side wall of the filter screen shovel and is in transmission connection with the lead screw, and is used for driving the scraping plate to move along the lead screw to scrape the gravel in the filter screen shovel; the scraping plate is in threaded connection with the lead screw; the guide hook is fixed on the scraping plate and is in sliding connection with the filter screen shovel.

[0032] According to the scheme, the gravel can be cleaned by starting the second motor to drive the lead screw to rotate, and the scraping plate is pushed or retreated along the thread to pass through the filter hole area to push the accumulated gravel out of the filter screen shovel.

[0033] The scraping plate is in sliding connection with the filter screen shovel through the guide hook, which prevents the scraping plate from deviating or being stuck when moving, and ensures that the scraping plate can move stably, so that the filter screen shovel can be continuously cleaned without interrupting the operation, and the continuity of the operation and the gravel screening efficiency are improved.

[0034] The filter screen shovel further comprises an arc-shaped shovel body, filter holes, front end teeth and side plates.

[0035] The filter holes are evenly distributed on the arc-shaped shovel body.

[0036] The front end teeth are in triangular cross section, are detachably connected to the arc-shaped shovel body, and are evenly arranged at the front end of the arc-shaped shovel body.

[0037] The side plates are arranged at both ends of the arc-shaped shovel body, and discharge ports are formed in the side plates to allow the gravel to enter the conveying and collecting device.

[0038] Compared with the conventional straight plate type shovel body in the prior art, the arc-shaped shovel body is adopted in the technical scheme, the arc-shaped structure can better fit the ground, the arc-shaped shovel body increases the screening area, and the screening efficiency is improved by cooperating with the evenly distributed filter holes, so that efficient separation of soil and gravel is realized, the front end teeth are evenly arranged to better cut into the soil, effectively loosen the soil and screen the gravel into the shovel body, the operation quality is improved, the triangular cross section of the front end teeth can more effectively cut and loosen the soil, the soil breaking and gravel screening effect is improved, the front end teeth are detachably connected, which facilitates quick replacement when the front end teeth are worn or damaged, and different materials or shapes of the front end teeth can be selected according to different soil conditions and operation requirements, so that the adaptability and service life of the equipment are improved.

[0039] The automatic gravel pushing assembly further comprises a gravel pushing mechanism, a mounting frame and a hydraulic lifting device.

[0040] The gravel pushing mechanism is arranged on the mounting frame in multiple groups and is evenly arranged in the direction in which the seed drill travels.

[0041] The hydraulic lifting device is installed on the lifting support and used to drive the stone pushing mechanism to lift;

[0042] The mounting frame is fixedly installed on the output end of the hydraulic lifting device, and the mounting frame is slidingly installed on the side wall of the lifting support.

[0043] According to the scheme, the stone pushing mechanism is lowered to a set height by starting the hydraulic lifting device when the gravel filtering assembly fails to completely remove the gravel, and then the stone pushing mechanism is started to further push the unfiltered gravel away from the seeding path and to dig a ditch, so that the gravel in the seeding path is effectively removed.

[0044] The plurality of groups of stone pushing mechanisms are used to continuously push the gravel in the seeding path away and to dig a ditch in the soil, so that the degree of purification of the seeding path is improved, thereby facilitating the seeding of the duckbill seeder.

[0045] The application further provides that the stone pushing mechanism comprises two stone pushing plates, a sliding rod, a bidirectional threaded rod and a third motor.

[0046] The bidirectional threaded rod and the sliding rod are installed on the mounting frame through a vertical plate, and the threads on the bidirectional threaded rod are oppositely arranged.

[0047] The third motor is installed on the side wall of the mounting frame and is connected with the bidirectional threaded rod through a shaft coupling to drive the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate.

[0048] The bottom ends of the two stone pushing plates are arc-shaped, the front ends of the two stone pushing plates are provided with blades, the two stone pushing plates are oppositely arranged and are threadedly connected with the bidirectional threaded rod and slidingly installed on the sliding rod.

[0049] According to the scheme, the arc-shaped bottom edges and the blades of the stone pushing mechanism are designed to enable the stone pushing plates to smoothly cut into the soil and effectively push the stones away, so that the stones are prevented from entering the seeding path to cause damage or blockage, and the reliability and service life of the seeder in complex terrain are improved.

[0050] Meanwhile, the sliding rod guiding structure ensures the stability and synchronization of the movement of the stone pushing plates, and the hydraulic lifting system is used to finely control the depth of different soils, so that the stone pushing mechanism greatly improves the adaptability and operation accuracy of the seeding machine in complex environments such as hilly areas.

[0051] The application further provides that the conveying and collecting device comprises a collecting frame, a spiral conveying assembly and a gravel collecting box.

[0052] The collecting frame is installed on the gravel filtering assembly and is in communication with the gravel filtering assembly, and is used to guide the gravel into the spiral conveying assembly.

[0053] The spiral conveying assembly comprises a conveying pipe, a spiral conveying shaft and a driving motor, the conveying pipe is installed on the frame, one end of the conveying pipe is communicated with the collecting frame, and the other end is installed on the gravel collecting box.

[0054] The spiral conveying shaft is located inside the conveying pipe and is in transmission connection with the driving motor.

[0055] According to the scheme, at least the following advantages are achieved: during operation, the gravel separated by the sifting screen through the collecting frame is guided into the spiral conveying assembly, the gravel falls into the conveying pipe, the driving motor drives the spiral conveying shaft to rotate, and the gravel is conveyed to the gravel collecting box along the conveying pipe, so that the gravel is actively, efficiently and directionally conveyed, and the risk of blockage caused by the gravel accumulated in the seeding path or not discharged in time is significantly reduced.

[0056] In addition, the spiral conveying assembly has compact structure and strong conveying stability, and is particularly suitable for continuous operation in a complex field environment, thereby improving the continuity and reliability of the whole machine operation.

[0057] The application is further provided with the following arrangement: the inner bottom surface of the collecting frame is provided with an opening, and a screen sheet is installed on the opening and is installed on the bottom of the collecting frame in a clamping manner.

[0058] According to the scheme, at least the following advantages are achieved: by arranging the screen sheet on the bottom of the collecting frame and adopting the clamping installation mode, the fine soil is re-filtered and screened out, the purity of the gravel is further improved, and the fine soil is prevented from mixing into the conveying system to affect the conveying efficiency and the uniformity of the gravel scattering.

[0059] Meanwhile, the clamping design facilitates quick replacement of the screen sheet, adapts to the demand of different plots for the size of the screen hole, and improves the adaptability and maintenance convenience of the whole machine operation.

[0060] The application is further provided with the following arrangement: the scattering assembly comprises a scattering chute, a rotating vane wheel and a scattering motor.

[0061] The scattering chute is arranged at the bottom of the conveying and collecting device, the rotating vane wheel is installed in the scattering chute and is connected with the scattering motor.

[0062] According to the scheme, at least the following advantages are achieved: by arranging the scattering chute, the rotating vane wheel and the scattering motor, the collected gravel can be uniformly scattered to the soil surface behind the seeding path, thereby playing the role of soil covering, moisture retention and wind erosion prevention.

[0063] In summary, the application has at least the following advantages:

[0064] 1、By setting the gravel filtering assembly, the soil is pre-screened, most of the gravel is filtered out, and the automatic stone pushing assembly is set to further push the unfiltered gravel away from the seeding path and dig a ditch, so that the gravel in the seeding path is effectively removed, reducing the impact of gravel on the duckbill rotary seeder;

[0065] Finally, the screened gravel is collected by the conveying and collecting device and transported to the rear. After the seeding unit completes the seeding operation, the gravel is spread to the soil surface by the throwing assembly, realizing the reuse of gravel, and playing a role in soil covering, moisture retention and wind erosion prevention. At the same time, it avoids the accumulation of gravel to block the machine or form an obstacle. The technical scheme effectively separates and processes the gravel in the soil before seeding, and realizes the reuse of gravel, significantly improving the environmental adaptability, service life and seeding stability of the electric seeder;

[0066] 2、By setting the angle adjusting assembly and the supporting assembly, the angle of the filter screen shovel can be flexibly adjusted, and stable support is provided during screening to make the filter screen shovel adapt to different soil conditions, improve the screening efficiency and quality, and further enhance the adaptability of the seeder to complex soil conditions;

[0067] By setting the scraping assembly and the vibration motor, the gravel and attachments in the filter screen shovel can be effectively cleaned, preventing the screen hole from being blocked, ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the screening process, reducing the cost of manual maintenance, and improving the work efficiency;

[0068] 3、By optimizing the structure design of key components such as filter screen shovel, stone pushing mechanism, etc., such as arc-shaped shovel body, front end shovel teeth, arc-shaped bottom end of stone pushing plate and blade, the functionality and durability of each component are improved, making it more suitable for actual conditions during seeding operation, further ensuring the overall performance of the seeder;

[0069] 4、By setting the conveying and collecting device and the throwing assembly, the gravel is collected and reused in an orderly manner, which not only avoids the interference of gravel on the seeding operation, but also converts the gravel into a resource to improve the soil structure, embodies the concept of environmental protection and resource reuse, and also ensures the flatness of the soil surface after seeding and the seeding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0070] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the embodiment;

[0071] Figure 2 is the overall schematic diagram of the gravel treatment device in the embodiment;

[0072] Figure 3 is the overall schematic diagram of the gravel filtering assembly and the automatic stone pushing assembly in the embodiment;

[0073] Figure 4 is a partial schematic view of the gravel filtering assembly in the embodiment;

[0074] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the automatic stone pushing assembly in the embodiment;

[0075] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the conveying and collecting device and the throwing assembly in the embodiment;

[0076] Figure 7 is a partial schematic view of the automatic stone pushing assembly in the embodiment; Figure 6 is an enlarged schematic view of part A in the embodiment.

[0077] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the walking mechanism; Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the frame; Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the seeding unit; Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the gravel filtering assembly; Fig. 401 is a schematic view of the lifting support; Fig. 402 is a schematic view of the filtering screen shovel; Fig. 4021 is a schematic view of the arc-shaped shovel body; Fig. 4022 is a schematic view of the filtering hole; Fig. 4023 is a schematic view of the front end shovel tooth; Fig. 4024 is a schematic view of the side plate; Fig. 403 is a schematic view of the angle adjusting assembly; Fig. 4031 is a schematic view of the worm gear; Fig. 4032 is a schematic view of the worm; Fig. 4033 is a schematic view of the first motor; Fig. 4034 is a schematic view of the support assembly; Fig. 40341 is a schematic view of the connecting rod; Fig. 40342 is a schematic view of the sliding seat; Fig. 404 is a schematic view of the scraping assembly; Fig. 4041 is a schematic view of the lead screw; Fig. 4042 is a schematic view of the scraping plate; Fig. 4043 is a schematic view of the guide hook; Fig. 4044 is a schematic view of the second motor; Fig. 405 is a schematic view of the vibration motor; Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the automatic stone pushing assembly; Fig. 501 is a schematic view of the stone pushing plate; Fig. 502 is a schematic view of the sliding rod; Fig. 503 is a schematic view of the bidirectional threaded rod; Fig. 504 is a schematic view of the third motor; Fig. 505 is a schematic view of the mounting rack; Fig. 506 is a schematic view of the hydraulic lifting device; Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the conveying and collecting device; Fig. 601 is a schematic view of the collecting frame; Fig. 6011 is a schematic view of the screen sheet; Fig. 602 is a schematic view of the spiral conveying assembly; Fig. 6021 is a schematic view of the conveying pipe; Fig. 6022 is a schematic view of the spiral conveying shaft; Fig. 6023 is a schematic view of the driving motor; Fig. 603 is a schematic view of the gravel collecting box; Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the throwing assembly; Fig. 701 is a schematic view of the throwing chute; Fig. 702 is a schematic view of the rotating vane wheel; Fig. 703 is a schematic view of the throwing motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0078] In order to enable a more clear understanding of the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0079] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from the scope described herein, therefore, the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0080] Embodiment one

[0081] As Figure 1As shown, an electric seeding machine with stone processing device, comprising a walking mechanism 1, a frame 2, at least one seeding unit 3 and a control module, the seeding unit 3 is installed on the frame 2. Preferably, the walking mechanism 1 is a track driving structure for complex environment such as hilly and mountainous areas, the control module adopts a programmable controller PLC, and is operated and controlled through a central touch panel; wherein the seeding unit 3 is preferably a duckbill type rotary seeder in this technical solution.

[0082] In order to improve the adaptability of the electric seeding machine in the soil with stones, the seeding machine further comprises a stone processing device which is detachably installed on the frame 2;

[0083] As shown in Figure 2 , wherein the stone processing device comprises: a stone filtering assembly 4 installed on the frame 2 and located at the front end of the seeding unit 3, for screening stones in the soil; an automatic stone pushing assembly 5 installed behind the stone filtering assembly 4, for pushing the unfiltered stones away from the seeding path; a conveying and collecting device 6 installed on the frame 2, for conveying and collecting the screened stones; a scattering assembly 7 installed behind the seeding unit 3, for repaving the collected stones on the soil surface after seeding; it is worth mentioning that the stone filtering assembly 4, the automatic stone pushing assembly 5, the conveying and collecting device 6 and the scattering assembly 7 are linked and controlled by the control module.

[0084] Through the stone filtering assembly 4, the automatic stone pushing assembly 5, the conveying and collecting device 6 and the scattering assembly 7, under the linkage control of the control module, not only can effectively separate and process the stones in the soil before seeding, so as to push the stones away from the seeding path, avoid the influence of the stones in the soil on the seeding accuracy and equipment life when the seeding unit 3 is working, but also can realize the reuse of stone repaving, play the role of soil covering, humidity maintaining and wind erosion prevention, so as to significantly improve the environmental adaptability, service life and seeding stability of the electric seeding machine.

[0085] Embodiment two

[0086] As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 , in order to facilitate the stone filtering device to flexibly adjust the screening angle according to the soil condition and operation demand, the stone filtering assembly 4 comprises: a lifting support 401, a filtering screen shovel 402, an angle adjusting assembly 403, a scraping assembly 404 for cleaning the stones in the filtering screen shovel 402, and a vibration motor 405 (not shown in the figure) which can be detachably installed on the filtering screen shovel 402, and the specific vibration motor 405 is detachably installed at the rear end of the filtering screen shovel 402 through bolts;

[0087] The lifting support 401 is installed on the rack 2 by a lifting driving device. The lifting driving device can be a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a screw lifting mechanism or an electric push rod, which are all prior art and can be selected according to different needs; the filter screen shovel 402 is provided with a rotating shaft at both ends and is rotatably installed on the lifting support 401 by the rotating shaft;

[0088] As shown in Figure 4 The angle adjusting assembly 403 includes a worm gear 4031, a worm 4032 and a first motor 4033. The worm gear 4031 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, the first motor 4033 is installed on the lifting support 401, and the worm 4032 is fixedly installed on the output end of the first motor 4033. The worm gear 4031 and the worm 4032 are in mesh with each other. In order to prevent dust or dirt from entering the worm gear 4031 and the worm 4032 and causing jamming, a protective shell is detachably installed on the outside of the worm gear 4031, the worm 4032 and the first motor 4033 in some preferred embodiments, thereby preventing dust or dirt from entering.

[0089] In order to avoid the phenomenon that the filter screen shovel 402 is unstable after adjusting the angle and the angle is deviated by external force, the angle adjusting assembly 403 further includes a supporting assembly 4034 in some embodiments. The supporting assembly 4034 includes two connecting rods 40341 and two sliding seats 40342. One end of the two connecting rods 40341 is hingedly installed on one end of the filter screen shovel 402, and the other end is rotatably installed on the two sliding seats 40342. The two sliding seats 40342 are slidably installed on the lifting support 401 and are fixed by locking members;

[0090] The sliding seat 40342 is slidably installed on the lifting support 401 by a guide rail. When the filter screen shovel 402 is adjusted, the supporting structure formed by the two connecting rods 40341 is lifted or lowered with the shovel body rotating, and moves on the lifting support 401 by the sliding seat 40342. When the angle is adjusted to a suitable angle, the sliding seat 40342 is fixed on the lifting support 401 by the locking members;

[0091] The locking members (not shown in the figure) can be T-shaped nuts and fixed bolts in some embodiments. The T-shaped nuts are slidably installed in the guide rail, and the sliding seat 40342 is provided with a through hole for the fixed nut to pass through. The fixed bolt is passed through the through hole and is threadedly connected with the T-shaped nut, so as to fix the sliding seat 40342. In some more preferred embodiments, the fixed bolt can be a quick screw rod with a plastic handle;

[0092] In other embodiments, the locking element can also be a quick-release pin structure, including a rod and a pin. Specifically, the side wall of the lifting bracket 401 is provided with two upright plates, and the sliding seat 40342 is slidably mounted on the lifting bracket 401 via a guide rail and located between the two upright plates. At the same time, the upright plates and the sliding seat 40342 are provided with through holes for the rod to pass through. The upright plates have several through holes. Before adjusting the angle, the pin is pulled out from the pin, and then the rod is pulled out from the through holes on the upright plates and the sliding seat 40342. After adjustment, the rod is inserted into the through holes on the upright plates and the sliding seat 40342, and the pin is inserted into the pin hole on the rod, thereby completing the fixation.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve continuous cleaning of the filter screen shovel 402, the scraping assembly 404 includes: a lead screw 4041, a scraper 4042, a guide hook 4043, and a second motor 4044.

[0095] A sliding hole is provided on the filter shovel 402, and the lead screw 4041 is rotatably installed in the sliding hole; the second motor 4044 is installed on the side wall of the filter shovel 402 and is connected to the lead screw 4041 for transmission, and is used to drive the scraper 4042 to move along the lead screw 4041 to scrape the gravel in the filter shovel 402; the scraper 4042 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 4041; the guide hook 4043 is fixed on the scraper 4042 and is slidably connected to the filter shovel 402. The scraper 4042 is slidably connected to the filter shovel 402 through the guide hook 4043, which prevents the scraper 4042 from deviating or getting stuck when it moves, and also ensures that the scraper 4042 can move stably.

[0096] In some preferred embodiments, to prevent soil or other impurities from entering the sliding hole and causing the lead screw 4041 to jam, a guide rail is provided at the opening of the sliding hole, and a telescopic sealing plate is slidably installed in the guide rail. One end of the telescopic sealing plate is fixedly installed on the filter screen shovel 402, and the other end is fixedly installed on the scraper plate 4042. Telescopic sealing plates are provided on both sides of the scraper plate 4042. The specific structure of the telescopic sealing plate is similar to the telescopic hose structure in the prior art, except that the cross-section of the telescopic hose after folding is circular, while the cross-section of the telescopic sealing plate after folding is rectangular.

[0097] In some preferred embodiments, limit switches are installed on both the left and right sides of the sliding hole. When the scraper plate 4024 touches the limit switch, the second motor 4044 is stopped. When scraping is needed again, the second motor 4044 can be restarted by controlling the control module. In some other preferred embodiments, in order to more conveniently monitor whether gravel is accumulating in the filter shovel 402, an infrared photoelectric sensor assembly is provided on the filter shovel 402 to monitor the accumulation height of gravel in the filter shovel 402 in real time. When the gravel accumulates to the sensing area and blocks the light beam, a signal is output to the control module to trigger the scraper assembly 404 to work and clean the gravel in the shovel body.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to make the filter shovel 402 fit the ground better and adapt to different working conditions, in some preferred embodiments, the specific structure of the filter shovel 402 includes an arc-shaped shovel body 4021, filter holes 4022, front shovel teeth 4023 and side plates 4024; wherein the arc-shaped shovel body 4021 specifically includes an arc-shaped frame and a filter screen, the filter holes 4022 are provided with a number and are evenly distributed on the filter screen, the filter screen is detachably installed on the arc-shaped frame, and the filter screen with different hole diameters can be replaced according to different working environments;

[0100] In some preferred embodiments, the surface of the arc-shaped shovel 4021 is covered with a wear-resistant coating, which may be a polyurethane or ceramic coating, to improve the wear resistance of the filter shovel under the impact of sand and gravel; in other preferred embodiments, in order to improve the overall deformation resistance of the arc-shaped shovel 4021, a reinforcing rib structure is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped shovel 4021, and the reinforcing ribs are distributed in a cross shape or grid pattern on the lower side of the arc-shaped shovel 4021.

[0101] The front shovel teeth 4023 have a triangular cross-section and are detachably connected to the arc-shaped shovel body 4021. They are evenly arranged at the front end of the arc-shaped shovel body 4021. The advantage of the triangular cross-section of the front shovel teeth 4023 is that it has good soil-breaking ability and is easy to adapt to hard or stony soil. The advantage of being detachably installed on the arc-shaped shovel body 4021 is that it can be replaced in time according to wear, thus extending its service life. In some preferred embodiments, the front shovel teeth 4023 are made of high-strength alloy steel and have a wear-resistant coating on their surface, thereby improving the service life of the front shovel teeth 4023.

[0102] Side plates 4024 are located at both ends of the arc-shaped shovel body 4021, and discharge ports are provided on the side plates 4024 for the gravel to enter the conveying and collecting device 6. The discharge ports on the side plates 4024 provide a convenient channel for the gravel to enter the conveying and collecting device 6, ensuring that the screened gravel can be discharged smoothly, avoiding blockage, ensuring the continuity of the entire gravel processing process, and improving the working efficiency of the system. In some preferred embodiments, in order to make it easier to adjust the size of the discharge port, the discharge port on the side plates 4024 is an adjustable discharge port, wherein the size of the adjustable discharge port can be adjusted by a slider and a locking screw.

[0103] Example 5

[0104] like Figure 5 As shown, to ensure the cleanliness of the sowing path of the sowing unit 3, in some preferred embodiments, the automatic stone-pushing assembly 5 includes: a stone-pushing mechanism, a mounting frame 505, and a hydraulic lifting device 506; the stone-pushing mechanism is provided in several groups on the mounting frame 505 and is evenly arranged along the direction of travel of the seeder. The arrangement of several groups of stone-pushing mechanisms enables continuous pushing away of gravel in the sowing path and opening up furrows in the soil, thereby improving the cleanliness of the sowing path and facilitating sowing by the duckbill seeder; the hydraulic lifting device 506 is installed on the lifting bracket 401 and is used to drive the stone-pushing mechanism to lift and lower. The hydraulic lifting device 506 can be a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic oil cylinder, a screw lifting mechanism, or an electric push rod. The hydraulic lifting device 506 described here is all in the prior art and can be selected according to different needs; the mounting frame 505 is fixedly installed on the output end of the hydraulic lifting device 506, and the mounting frame 505 is slidably installed on the side wall of the lifting bracket 401 via a guide rail.

[0105] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes: two pushing plates 501, a sliding rod 502, a bidirectional threaded rod 503, and a third motor 504; the bidirectional threaded rod 503 and the sliding rod 502 are mounted on the mounting frame 505 via a vertical plate, and the threads on the bidirectional threaded rod 503 are arranged in opposite directions; the third motor 504 is mounted on the side wall of the mounting frame 505 and connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 503 via a coupling, driving the bidirectional threaded rod 503 to rotate; the bottom ends of the two pushing plates 501 are arc-shaped, and their front ends are provided with cutting edges. The two pushing plates 501 are arranged opposite each other and are threadedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 503, and are slidably mounted on the sliding rod 502.

[0106] Example 5

[0107] like Figure 6 As shown, the conveying and collecting device 6 includes: a collection frame 601, a spiral conveying assembly 602, and a gravel collection box 603;

[0108] The collection frame 601 is installed on and communicates with the gravel filter assembly 4, and is used to guide the gravel into the spiral conveyor assembly 602. It is worth mentioning that the filter shovel 402 in the gravel filter assembly 4 is rotatably connected to the collection frame 601. Therefore, when adjusting the angle of the filter shovel 402, it will rotate on the side wall of the collection frame 601, rather than the collection frame 601 rotating with the filter shovel 402. In some other preferred embodiments, a guide baffle is provided inside the collection frame 601. The guide baffle is fixed to the inner wall of the collection frame 601 and is located at the discharge port, and is used to guide the gravel into the collection frame 601.

[0109] The spiral conveyor assembly 602 includes: a conveying pipe 6021, a spiral conveying shaft 6022, and a drive motor 6023. The conveying pipe 6021 is mounted on the frame 2. One end of the conveying pipe 6021 is connected to the collection frame 601, and the other end is mounted on the gravel collection box 603. Specifically, a hinge seat is welded on the collection box, and the hinge seat is rotatably connected to one end of the conveying pipe 6021. The spiral conveying shaft 6022 is located inside the conveying pipe 6021 and is connected to the drive motor 6023 for transmission.

[0110] In some preferred embodiments, to enhance the connection strength between the conveying pipe 6021 and the frame 2 and improve the vibration resistance of the connection, at least two sets of rubber buffer limiting components (not shown in the figure) are provided between the conveying pipe 6021 and the frame 2. The component includes: a U-shaped limiting bracket, an annular rubber buffer pad, and a bolt fastening device. The U-shaped limiting bracket is fixedly installed on the side wall of the frame 2, with its opening facing upwards. Its structural dimensions are adapted to the outer diameter of the conveying pipe 6021. An annular rubber buffer pad is adhered to the inner side wall of the U-shaped bracket along its curved contour surface. The buffer pad is made of highly elastic and wear-resistant rubber material. Its inner diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the conveying pipe 6021. It has a certain elastic compression capacity and can achieve a wrapping contact. The lower part of the conveying pipe 6021 is embedded in the U-shaped bracket and contacts the annular rubber buffer pad. The annular rubber buffer pad forms a uniform wrap around the conveying pipe 6021, which can absorb the vibration generated during the conveying process and limit its lateral and vertical displacement. The bolt fastening device is used to moderately press the U-shaped bracket so that the rubber pad and the conveying pipe 6021 maintain a stable pressing state.

[0111] like Figure 7As shown, in some preferred embodiments, an opening is provided on the inner bottom surface of the collection frame 601, and a screen 6011 is installed on the opening. The screen 6011 is installed at the bottom of the collection frame 601 by snap-fit. The screen 6011 realizes the re-filtration and screening of fine soil materials, further improving the filtration purity of gravel, preventing fine soil from mixing into the conveying system and affecting the conveying efficiency and the uniformity of gravel distribution. The snap-fit ​​design facilitates quick replacement of the screen 6011, adapts to the needs of different plots for screen hole size, and improves the adaptability and maintenance convenience of the whole machine operation.

[0112] like Figure 6 As shown, the spreading assembly 7 includes: a spreading trough 701, a rotating impeller 702, and a spreading motor 703; the spreading trough 701 is located at the bottom of the conveying and collecting device 6, the rotating impeller 702 is installed in the spreading trough 701 and connected to the spreading motor 703, and the spreading assembly 7 enables the collected gravel to be evenly spread to the soil surface behind the sowing path, which plays a role in soil covering, maintaining moisture and preventing wind erosion.

[0113] In some preferred embodiments, in order to detect whether there is enough gravel in the gravel collection box 603 for spreading, a weighing sensor is installed in the collection box and linked to the spreading component 7 via a control module. When the gravel in the gravel collection box 603 is detected to have reached the set weighing threshold, the spreading motor 703 is started, thereby spreading the gravel in the gravel collection box 603 back into the soil after sowing.

[0114] Example 6

[0115] Based on any one of Embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, the present invention also provides a method for debugging a seeder. When the electric seeder is operating in the field, the control module is activated, and the equipment enters automatic operation mode. The walking mechanism 1 drives the entire machine forward. The gravel treatment device at the front screens gravel, removes stones, conveys and collects them in the soil along the sowing path, and finally spreads them. The sowing unit 3 at the rear completes the conventional sowing operation. The following are the debugging and working steps of each sub-module:

[0116] I. Debugging and operating steps of gravel filter assembly 4:

[0117] S1 (Height Adjustment): Before operation, the operator can start the lifting drive device through the control module according to the terrain and soil looseness, drive the lifting bracket 401 to lift and lower, so that the filter shovel 402 is at a suitable height, ensuring that it can be smoothly inserted into the soil surface and reach the required screening depth.

[0118] S2 (Angle Adjustment): The control module starts the first motor 4033, which drives the worm gear 4032 to rotate and drives the worm wheel 4031 to rotate, thereby adjusting the installation angle of the filter screen shovel 402 so that its arc surface better fits the ground surface and improves screening efficiency. At this time, the sliding seat 40342 slides on the lifting bracket 401 to the preset height and is fixed by the locking device, forming a three-dimensional stable support structure with the connecting rod 40341 ​​to ensure reliable angle fixation.

[0119] S3 (Screening Process): During the forward movement of the equipment, the front shovel teeth 4023 break the soil, and the filter shovel 402 scoops up the soil and pushes it onto the surface of the arc-shaped shovel body 4021. Fine soil falls back to the ground through the filter holes 4022, while large particles of gravel remain inside the arc-shaped shovel body 4021. To improve screening efficiency, the vibration motor 405 can be started to make the arc-shaped shovel body 4021 vibrate periodically, accelerating the shedding of fine soil.

[0120] S4 (Grit Removal): When gravel accumulation is detected, the control module starts the second motor 4044, which drives the lead screw 4041 to rotate, causing the scraper 4042 to move along the guide hook 4043, pushing the accumulated gravel towards the discharge port, ensuring unobstructed flow in the screening chamber, preventing blockages, and ensuring continuous operation.

[0121] II. Debugging and operating steps of automatic stone-pushing component 5:

[0122] S1 (Height Adjustment): Start the hydraulic lifting device 506 to drive the mounting frame 505 down to the set height, so that the stone pushing mechanism can fully contact the ground surface, in preparation for the removal of gravel.

[0123] S2 (Stone Pushing Operation): The control module starts the third motor 504, driving the bidirectional threaded rod 503 to rotate. The stone pushing plates 501 on both sides slide symmetrically on the sliding rod 502 along the thread direction, using the front cutting edge to push out the unscreened stones from both sides of the sowing path, forming a furrow and creating an unobstructed sowing environment for the subsequent seeder. Multiple sets of stone pushing mechanisms are used to continuously push away the gravel in the sowing path and open up the soil furrows.

[0124] S3 (Automatic Reset): After the stone pushing operation is completed, the third motor 504 rotates in reverse, causing the stone pushing plate 501 to automatically return to the preset center position, completing one round of operation and preparing for the next cycle.

[0125] III. Debugging and Operating Procedures of Conveying and Collecting Device 6:

[0126] S1 (Guided Collection): The gravel discharged from the outlet of the filter shovel 402 enters the collection frame 601, and the bottom screen 6011 filters the fine soil mixed in again, effectively improving the purity of the gravel.

[0127] S2 (Screw Conveyor): The control module starts the drive motor 6023, which drives the screw conveyor shaft 6022 to rotate. The gravel is sent from the screw conveyor assembly to the rear of the seeder along the conveyor pipe 6021.

[0128] S3 (Gravel Storage): The gravel is eventually stored in gravel collection box 603 for subsequent unified scattering or centralized treatment.

[0129] IV. Debugging and operating steps of the scattering component 7:

[0130] S1 (Distribution Detection): The control module determines whether to enter the distributing stage based on the sowing progress. If the amount of gravel stored in the collection box reaches the set threshold, the distributing motor 703 is started.

[0131] S2 (Uniform Spreading): The spreading trough 701 is opened, and the rotating blade wheel 702 rotates at high speed, so that the gravel is evenly spread back to the surface of the sown area, forming a protective cover, which has the functions of compaction and wind protection, preventing seed exposure and soil erosion.

[0132] V. Instructions for Collaborative Operations in Sowing Unit 3:

[0133] While the gravel treatment device is operating, the sowing unit 3 maintains its conventional sowing status, performing either hill sowing or spot sowing. Thanks to the gravel clearing and path trenching, the sowing unit 3 operates with high stability, effectively improving seed sowing accuracy and germination rate.

[0134] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0135] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An electric seeder with a gravel treatment device, comprising a walking mechanism (1), a frame (2), at least one seeding unit (3), and a control module, wherein the seeding unit (3) is mounted on the frame (2), characterized in that: It also includes a gravel processing device that can be detachably mounted on the frame (2); The gravel processing device includes: The gravel filter assembly (4) is mounted on the frame (2) and located at the front end of the seeding unit (3) for screening gravel in the soil; An automatic stone-pushing assembly (5) is installed behind the gravel filter assembly (4) to push unfiltered gravel away from the seeding path. A conveying and collecting device (6) is installed on the frame (2) for conveying and collecting the screened gravel; The spreading component (7) is installed behind the sowing unit (3) to spread the collected gravel back onto the soil surface after sowing; The gravel filtering component (4), automatic stone pushing component (5), conveying and collecting device (6), and scattering component (7) are controlled in conjunction with the control module.

2. The electric seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gravel filter assembly (4) includes: a lifting bracket (401), a filter shovel (402), an angle adjustment assembly (403), a scraping assembly (404) for cleaning gravel in the filter shovel (402), and a vibration motor (405) that can be detachably installed on the filter shovel (402). The lifting bracket (401) is mounted on the frame (2) via a lifting drive device; The filter screen shovel (402) has a rotating shaft at both ends and is rotatably mounted on the lifting bracket (401) via the rotating shaft; The angle adjustment assembly (403) includes: a worm gear (4031), a worm (4032), and a first motor (4033). The worm gear (4031) is fixedly mounted on a rotating shaft, the first motor (4033) is mounted on a lifting bracket (401), and the worm (4032) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first motor (4033). The worm gear (4031) and the worm (4032) mesh with each other.

3. The electric seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment assembly (403) further includes a support assembly (4034), which includes two connecting rods (40341) and two sliding seats (40342). One end of each connecting rod (40341) is hinged to one end of the filter screen shovel (402), and the other end is rotatably mounted on the two sliding seats (40342). The two sliding seats (40342) are slidably mounted on the lifting bracket (401) and fixed by a locking member.

4. The electric seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper assembly (404) includes: a lead screw (4041), a scraper plate (4042), a guide hook (4043), and a second motor (4044). A sliding hole is provided on the filter screen shovel (402), and the lead screw (4041) is rotatably installed in the sliding hole; The second motor (4044) is installed on the side wall of the filter shovel (402) and is connected to the lead screw (4041) for driving the scraper (4042) to move along the lead screw (4041) to scrape away the gravel in the filter shovel (402); the scraper (4042) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (4041); the guide hook (4043) is fixed on the scraper (4042) and is slidably connected to the filter shovel (402).

5. The electric seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The filter shovel (402) includes an arc-shaped shovel body (4021), filter holes (4022), front shovel teeth (4023), and side plates (4024). The filter holes (4022) are provided in a plurality of them, which are evenly distributed on the arc-shaped shovel body (4021); The front-end shovel teeth (4023) have a triangular cross-section, are detachably connected to the arc-shaped shovel body (4021), and are evenly arranged at the front end of the arc-shaped shovel body (4021); The side plate (4024) is located at both ends of the arc-shaped shovel body (4021), and a discharge port is provided on the side plate (4024) for the gravel to enter the conveying and collecting device (6).

6. The electric seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic stone-pushing assembly (5) includes: a stone-pushing mechanism, a mounting frame (505), and a hydraulic lifting device (506); The stone-pushing mechanism is provided in several groups on the mounting frame (505) and is evenly arranged along the direction of travel of the seeder; The hydraulic lifting device (506) is installed on the lifting bracket (401) and is used to drive the pusher mechanism to lift. The mounting bracket (505) is fixedly installed at the output end of the hydraulic lifting device (506), and the mounting bracket (505) is slidably installed on the side wall of the lifting bracket (401).

7. The electric seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes: two pushing plates (501), a sliding rod (502), a two-way threaded rod (503), and a third motor (504). The bidirectional threaded rod (503) and the sliding rod (502) are mounted on the mounting bracket (505) via a vertical plate, and the threads on the bidirectional threaded rod (503) are arranged in opposite directions; The third motor (504) is mounted on the side wall of the mounting bracket (505) and connected to the bidirectional threaded rod (503) via a coupling, driving the bidirectional threaded rod (503) to rotate; The bottom ends of the two pusher plates (501) are arc-shaped, and the front ends are provided with cutting edges. The two pusher plates (501) are arranged opposite each other and are threadedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod (503), and are slidably mounted on the sliding rod (502).

8. The electric seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying and collecting device (6) includes: a collection frame (601), a spiral conveying assembly (602), and a gravel collection box (603). The collection frame (601) is installed on the gravel filter assembly (4) and communicates with the gravel filter assembly (4) to guide the gravel into the spiral conveyor assembly (602). The spiral conveyor assembly (602) includes: a conveying pipe (6021), a spiral conveying shaft (6022), and a drive motor (6023). The conveying pipe (6021) is mounted on the frame (2). One end of the conveying pipe (6021) is connected to the collection frame (601), and the other end is mounted on the gravel collection box (603). The spiral conveyor shaft (6022) is located inside the conveying pipe (6021) and is connected to the drive motor (6023) for transmission.

9. The electric seeder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner bottom surface of the collection frame (601) is provided with an opening, and a screen piece (6011) is installed on the opening. The screen piece (6011) is installed at the bottom of the collection frame (601) by snap-fit.

10. The electric seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scattering assembly (7) includes: a scattering trough (701), a rotating impeller (702), and a scattering motor (703); The throwing trough (701) is located at the bottom of the conveying and collecting device (6), and the rotating blade wheel (702) is installed in the throwing trough (701) and connected to the throwing motor (703).

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