Combined forced centering base suitable for being shared by laser nadir and total station and using method of combined forced centering base

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined forced centering base suitable for being shared by a laser nadir and a total station and a using method of the combined forced centering base. The base is composed of a disc A made of 304 stainless steel and a detachable disc B. A first mounting column is arranged at the top of the disc A and used for being directly matched with a high-precision laser nadir with the vertical plumbing precision being 1: 200,000 or 1: 400,000; a bottom connecting hole of the disc B is matched with the disc A, and a second mounting column is arranged at the top to be matched with a conventional total station / prism. Through thread control, the concentricity machining precision is smaller than or equal to 0.1 mm after the disc A and the disc B are connected; when in use, the disc A is welded on a vertical shaft fixing bracket, and equipment can be flexibly switched to realize concurrent and concentric measurement. According to the method, high-precision coordinates can be transmitted to the bottom surface of the vertical shaft with the depth of 300-500 m, the absolute vertical alignment measurement precision is controlled to be smaller than or equal to 8 mm in the plane, the absolute vertical alignment measurement precision is far better than that of a traditional method, and the method is suitable for high-precision construction measurement scenes of large vertical shafts such as mines, tunnels and high-rise buildings.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of surveying and mapping engineering equipment, in particular to a combined forced centering base for laser zenith telescope and total station and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In large shaft construction surveying, the ground high-precision plane coordinates (X, Y) need to be transferred to the shaft bottom surface as the core reference for construction positioning. In the prior art, the following two independent schemes are generally used in the industry, both of which have defects that are difficult to solve. (1) Existing scheme 1: traditional special base + ordinary laser plummet Device configuration: a traditional special measuring base with an aperture of 12 mm is horizontally welded on the support at the edge of the shaft lining, and a total station or a measuring prism is erected thereon to obtain the reference coordinates; then the total station / prism is removed, and an ordinary laser plummet (vertical point projection accuracy is only about 1:10,000) is erected on the same support to project points downward.

[0003] Core defects: the ordinary laser plummet has insufficient accuracy (plummet deviation > 50 mm), and the coordinate transfer height is limited (< 80 m), which cannot meet the high-precision construction requirements of deep shafts above 300 m.

[0004] (2) Existing scheme 2: single high-precision base Device configuration: to adapt to a high-precision laser zenith telescope (1:200,000 / 1:400,000 accuracy) with a 35 mm aperture, a special 35 mm aperture base or a matching tripod needs to be customized, but the base cannot be compatible with a total station / prism with a 12 mm aperture, and a traditional 12 mm base needs to be erected again for coordinate measurement.

[0005] Core defects: the second erection results in a large "co-point concentricity" deviation (the concentricity of the existing technology is generally > 0.5 mm), additional measurement errors are introduced, and the two erection operations are cumbersome, reducing the construction efficiency.

[0006] (3) The existing technology has the following unsolved pain points: Aperture incompatibility: only a single aperture device (12 mm or 35 mm) is supported, and the laser zenith telescope and the total station cannot be simultaneously adapted; Poor concentricity: there is no special precision control design, and the concentricity deviation is > 0.5 mm when the device is switched, affecting the measurement accuracy; Weak transfer capability: the plummet accuracy is > 50 mm, and the transfer height is < 80 m, which cannot cover the deep shaft scenario.

[0007] In summary, the existing special base cannot meet the three major requirements of "multi-device adaptation", "high-precision concentricity", and "deep shaft transfer", and a new type of combined base is urgently needed to solve the industry pain points. SUMMARY

[0008] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a combined forced centering base for adapting laser zenith telescope and total station and a use method thereof, and achieve the following core objectives: simultaneously adapting 35mm aperture high-precision laser zenith telescope (1:200,000 / 1:400,000) and 12mm aperture total station / prism, and solving the aperture incompatibility problem. Through structural design and machining precision control, the concentricity machining precision is ensured to be less than or equal to 0.1mm when the equipment is switched, and the secondary erection deviation is eliminated. The plane coordinate transmission height is improved to 300-500m, the plumb precision is controlled to be less than or equal to 8mm in the plane, and the deep shaft high-precision reference transmission requirement is met.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: a combined forced centering base for adapting laser zenith telescope and total station, comprising a circular A disc and a circular B disc, the top of the A disc and the top of the B disc are coaxially fixed with a hollow first mounting column and a hollow second mounting column respectively, the outer diameter of the first mounting column is adapted to the base aperture of the laser zenith telescope, the outer diameter of the second mounting column is adapted to the base aperture of the total station, the outer diameter of the first mounting column is greater than the outer diameter of the second mounting column, and a connecting hole for butt joint with the first mounting column is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the B disc.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting hole is a threaded hole, the first mounting column is provided with an external thread, and the connecting hole and the first mounting column are connected through threads.

[0011] Preferably, the screw thread cooperation tolerance of the connecting hole and the first mounting column is H7 / g6.

[0012] Preferably, the tightening torque of the connecting hole and the first mounting column is 5-8 N·m.

[0013] Preferably, the perpendicularity of the screw rod / screw hole axis of the connecting hole and the first mounting column is less than or equal to 0.05mm.

[0014] Preferably, the external thread of the first mounting column is arranged at the top of the first mounting column.

[0015] Preferably, the A disc and the B disc are both made of 304 stainless steel, and the surface is passivated and treated, and the rust prevention level reaches Sa2.5 level.

[0016] The use method of the combined forced centering base for adapting laser zenith telescope and total station comprises the following steps: Step one, pretreatment, cleaning the surface rust of the iron support pre-set on the lining edge of the shaft, and marking the center position of the A disc with a marker pen; Step two, welding, welding the bottom of the A disc on the iron support in a segmented manner; Step three, calibration, using a level to detect the top surface of the A plate level, the deviation is not more than 0.5mm / m; Step four, coordinate measurement, apply anti-rust lubricating grease on the first mounting column, connect the B plate to the first mounting column of the A plate through the connecting hole, and tighten it using a torque wrench, install the base of the total station or prism on the second mounting column of the B plate, and after the orientation check by the edge angle measurement method through the two known control points on the ground, the center coordinates of the A plate are collected. Step five, plumb point projection, remove the B plate, install the high-precision laser zenith telescope on the first mounting column, project the laser beam to the vertical shaft bottom surface receiving target, and record the point coordinates.

[0017] Preferably, in step two, when fixing the A plate, the A plate is welded by argon arc welding in sections, each welding seam is not more than 50mm, and after one section is welded, the A plate is cooled to 25℃ before the next section is welded.

[0018] Preferably, the threads of the connecting hole and the first mounting column are measured to ensure that the thread accuracy meets 6g / 6H, and the first mounting column and the second mounting column are measured to ensure that the perpendicularity and concentricity between the first mounting column and the A plate and between the second mounting column and the B plate are not more than 0.05mm and 0.1mm, respectively.

[0019] The application provides a combined forced centering base shared by a laser zenith telescope and a total station and a use method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects.

[0020] 1. The same base is shared by a 35mm laser zenith telescope and a 12mm total station for the first time, without the need for secondary erection, solving the long-standing aperture compatibility problem in the industry.

[0021] 2. Through the design of concentricity ≤0.1mm, combined with a 1:400,000 precision laser zenith telescope, the plumb accuracy is reduced from the existing >50mm to ≤10mm, meeting the high-precision construction demand.

[0022] 3. The coordinate transfer height is improved from <100m to 300~500m, which can cover deep vertical shaft scenes such as mines and tunnels, and the application range is greatly widened.

[0023] 4. The B plate 2 is detachable, and the measurement sequence is flexible; the cost of 304 stainless steel material is controllable, the segmented welding process avoids deformation, and it can be used repeatedly for a long time, which is more economical than customized single base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] The application will be further described below in combination with the drawings and examples: Figure 1 The axonometric view of the embodiment of the application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the assembled components according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of disk A in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of disk A in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of disk B in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of disk B in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Disk A; 11. First mounting post; 2. Disk B; 21. Second mounting post; 22. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0031] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown. This invention provides a combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station, including a circular A disk 1 and B disk 2. Hollow first mounting post 11 and second mounting post 21 are coaxially fixed to the top of A disk 1 and B disk 2, respectively. The outer diameter of the first mounting post 11 is adapted to the base aperture of the laser nadir, and the outer diameter of the second mounting post 21 is adapted to the base aperture of the total station. The outer diameter of the first mounting post 11 is larger than the outer diameter of the second mounting post 21. A connecting hole 22 for docking with the first mounting post 11 is coaxially formed at the bottom of B disk 2.

[0032] The following example of construction surveying for a 350m deep vertical shaft project illustrates the implementation process of this invention in detail, verifies the feasibility and accuracy of the technical solution, and ensures that those skilled in the art can implement the solution accordingly.

[0033] Component machining and precision control Material Procurement: 304 stainless steel plate is selected, with a thickness of 15mm and a tensile strength of 520MPa, which meets the GB / T3280-2021 standard to ensure strength and corrosion resistance; Processing flow: CNC lathe roughing: cut blanks of disk A1 (φ250mm) and disk B2 (φ200mm), leaving a 0.2mm finishing allowance.

[0034] Finishing: The top and bottom surfaces are machined using a CNC vertical lathe to ensure flatness ≤0.03mm; the first mounting post 11 and the connecting hole 22 are machined, and the threads are rolled to ensure 6g / 6H accuracy and H7 / g6 tolerance.

[0035] Accuracy inspection: Use a coordinate measuring machine to inspect the perpendicularity (≤0.05mm) and concentricity (≤0.1mm) of the axes of the first mounting column 11 and the second mounting column 21. Defective products will be reworked.

[0036] Surface treatment: All parts are passivated, and the rust prevention level reaches Sa2.5.

[0037] A method for using a combined forced centering base compatible with laser nadir and total station includes the following steps: A disk 1 is welded and fixed: Pre-treatment: Clean the rust off the surface of the pre-installed iron support (12mm thick) at the edge of the shaft lining, and mark the center position of disk A1 with a marker pen; Welding: Argon arc welding is used for segmented welding, with each segment ≤50mm in length. After cooling to room temperature of 25℃, welding can continue to avoid deformation of disk A1 due to high temperature. Calibration: The levelness of the top surface of disk A1 was checked with a 2m level. The measured deviation was 0.3mm / m (≤0.5mm / m standard), which meets the requirements.

[0038] Total station coordinate measurement: Assembly: Clean the surface impurities of the first mounting post 11 on disk A1, apply a small amount of anti-rust grease, align the connecting hole 22 at the bottom of disk B2 with the first mounting post 11, and tighten with a torque wrench at a torque of 6 N·m. Equipment setup: Install a Leica TS60 total station (12mm aperture base) or a Leica large base prism on the second mounting column 21 at the top of disk B2. After orientation check by using the side angle measurement method through two known control points on the ground (accuracy ±2mm), observe. Data acquisition: The center coordinates of disk A1 were measured 3 times and the average value was taken: X=3546721.019m, Y=503531.420m. The deviation of a single measurement was ≤2mm.

[0039] Laser nadir vertical aiming point: Equipment switching: Remove the total station, use a wrench to remove panel B2 counterclockwise, and clean the surface of the first mounting column 11 on panel A1; Setting up a laser nadir: Install a high-precision laser nadir (35mm aperture, vertical alignment accuracy 1:400,000), and use a coordinate measuring machine to check the concentricity on site. The measured deviation is 0.08mm (≤0.1mm standard). Projection and verification: The laser beam is projected onto the receiving target (with 0.1mm markings) at the bottom of the shaft, and the coordinates of the projection point are recorded as: X=3546721.023m, Y=503531.416m; the plane deviation is calculated to be 4mm (≤8mm), which meets the high precision requirements.

[0040] Long-term stability test The base was continuously monitored in the 350 m shaft with multiple measuring returns, and the results were as follows: Concentricity deviation: maximum 0.09 mm (≤0.1 mm), no significant change; Coordinate transfer accuracy: maximum plane deviation 7 mm, all within the standard range; Material state: no rust, deformation, surface passivation layer intact, suitable for humid environment of shaft.

Claims

1. A combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir instruments and total stations, characterized in that: The device includes a circular disk A (1) and disk B (2). The top of disk A (1) and disk B (2) are respectively coaxially fixed with a hollow first mounting column (11) and a second mounting column (21). The outer diameter of the first mounting column (11) is adapted to the base hole diameter of the laser nadir instrument, and the outer diameter of the second mounting column (21) is adapted to the base hole diameter of the total station instrument. The outer diameter of the first mounting column (11) is larger than the outer diameter of the second mounting column (21). The bottom of disk B (2) is coaxially opened with a connecting hole (22) for docking with the first mounting column (11).

2. The combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting hole (22) is a threaded hole, and the first mounting post (11) is provided with an external thread. The connecting hole (22) and the first mounting post (11) are connected by a thread.

3. The combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The thread fit tolerance between the connecting hole (22) and the first mounting post (11) is H7 / g6.

4. The combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The tightening torque of the connecting hole (22) and the first mounting post (11) is 5-8 N·m.

5. The combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The perpendicularity of the connecting hole (22) to the screw / screw hole axis of the first mounting post (11) is ≤0.05mm.

6. The combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The external thread of the first mounting post (11) is provided on its top.

7. The combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both disk A (1) and disk B (2) are made of 304 stainless steel and have been passivated to achieve a rust prevention level of Sa2.

5.

8. The method of using the combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Pre-treatment, clean the rust on the surface of the iron support set at the edge of the shaft lining, and mark the center position of disk A (1) with a marker pen; Step 2: Welding. The bottom of disk A (1) is welded to the iron bracket using a segmented welding method. Step 3: Calibration. Use a level to check the levelness of the top surface of plate A (1). The deviation should not exceed 0.5 mm / m. Step 4: Coordinate measurement. Apply anti-rust grease to the first mounting post (11), connect disk B (2) to the first mounting post (11) of disk A (1) through the connecting hole (22), and tighten with a torque wrench. Install the base of the total station or prism on the second mounting post (21) of disk B (2). After orientation check by using the side angle measurement method through two known control points on the ground, collect the center coordinates of disk A (1). Step 5: Vertical alignment and projection. Remove disk B (2), install the high-precision laser nadir instrument on the first mounting column (11), project the laser beam onto the receiving target at the bottom of the shaft, and record the projection coordinates.

9. The method of using the combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In step two, when fixing disk A (1), argon arc welding is used to weld disk A (1) in sections. Each weld section is no more than 50mm. After one section of welding is completed, the next section of welding is continued after the disk A (1) cools down to 25°C.

10. The method of using the combined forced centering base adapted for use by laser nadir and total station as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The threads of the connecting hole (22) and the first mounting post (11) are measured to ensure that the thread accuracy meets 6g / 6H. The first mounting post (11) and the second mounting post (21) are measured to ensure that the perpendicularity and concentricity of the axes between the first mounting post (11) and disk A (1) and between the second mounting post (21) and disk B (2) do not exceed 0.05mm and 0.1mm, respectively.

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