Petroleum geological test auxiliary device

Abstract

The invention provides a petroleum geology test auxiliary device. The petroleum geology test auxiliary device is used for excitation and reception of seismic wave exploration and comprises a seismic source enhancing base, a detector coupling base, a standard seismic source capable of being placed on the seismic source enhancing base and a standard detector capable of being arranged in the detector coupling base. The seismic source enhancing base comprises a mass block, an energy conduction cone and an anchoring mechanism which are coaxially and fixedly connected in sequence from top to bottom, and a seismic source mounting platform used for mounting and positioning the standard seismic source is arranged at the top of the mass block. The petroleum geology test auxiliary device provided by the invention has the advantages that the energy downloading efficiency can be improved by utilizing inertial mass and energy-gathered conduction at the excitation end, rigid anchoring and accurate leveling are realized at the receiving end to ensure the signal fidelity, the frozen soil attenuation is effectively reduced, and the seismic exploration quality and efficiency in a high and cold complex region are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to an auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic exploration is a key geophysical method for revealing subsurface structures and identifying oil and gas resources. Conducting seismic exploration in high-altitude, cold plateau regions like the Qiangtang Basin presents unprecedented technical challenges: deep permafrost layers, widespread high-velocity volcanic rocks, and extremely complex tectonic deformations. The permafrost layer strongly absorbs and attenuates seismic wave signals, resulting in insufficient energy and a degraded signal-to-noise ratio from conventional exploration equipment. Simultaneously, the iron-hard permafrost makes effective coupling between the seismic source and detector difficult, with a significant amount of signal energy being reflected or lost at the coupling interface, severely limiting the depth and resolution of the exploration. Existing general-purpose seismic exploration auxiliary devices have not been optimized for the unique physical and mechanical properties of permafrost in their anchoring and coupling designs, generally suffering from weak anchoring, low coupling efficiency, and poor resistance to vibration interference. Consequently, the quality of the acquired raw data fails to meet the requirements for deep, detailed imaging and accurate oil and gas assessment.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to provide a petroleum geological test auxiliary device that can improve energy transmission efficiency by utilizing inertial mass and focused energy conduction at the excitation end, achieve rigid anchoring and precise leveling at the receiving end to ensure signal fidelity, effectively reduce permafrost attenuation, and significantly improve the quality and efficiency of seismic exploration in high-altitude and complex areas.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a petroleum geological testing auxiliary device for the excitation and reception of seismic waves in exploration, comprising: The system includes a source enhancement base, a detector coupling base, a standard source that can be placed on the source enhancement base, and a standard detector that can be built into the detector coupling base. The source enhancement base includes a mass block, an energy conduction cone, and an anchoring mechanism that are coaxially fixedly connected from top to bottom. The top of the mass block is provided with a source mounting platform for installing and positioning the standard source. The detector coupling base includes a detector compartment for accommodating and securing the standard detector.

[0006] Preferably, the seismic source mounting platform includes a mounting base, the top of which has a positioning mounting groove, the standard seismic source is located in the positioning mounting groove, and the mounting base is provided with a clamping clamp, which enables the standard seismic source to be installed and removed from the mounting base.

[0007] Preferably, the clamping fixture includes a brake screw rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting base, a pressure plate sleeved on the outer side of the brake screw, the bottom of the pressure plate contacting the top of the standard vibration source, a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the pressure plate, a threaded block at the bottom end of the rotating rod, a threaded hole opened on the top of the mounting base, the threaded block being threadedly installed in the threaded hole, and a locking nut threaded on the outer side of the brake screw, the bottom of the locking nut contacting the top of the pressure plate.

[0008] Preferably, the anchoring mechanism of the seismic source enhancement base includes a conical soil-breaking head and a spiral anchor rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conical soil-breaking head, and the bottom end of the energy conduction cone is fixedly connected to the top end of the conical soil-breaking head.

[0009] Preferably, the cone angle of the cone-shaped soil-breaking head is 30° to 60°.

[0010] Preferably, the detector compartment is a cylindrical structure with an open top, and a limiting slot matching the shape of the standard detector housing is provided inside the detector compartment. Damping and vibration reduction material is provided on the bottom inner wall of the detector compartment, and an openable sealing cover is provided on the top of the detector compartment. A level bubble is provided on the detector compartment or the sealing cover.

[0011] Preferably, the detector coupling base further includes a leveling mechanism and an anchoring drill rod; the detector compartment is installed on the top of the anchoring drill rod via the leveling mechanism; the leveling mechanism includes a base fixed to the top of the anchoring drill rod, and three leveling screws evenly distributed in a circumferential direction are threaded onto the base; the detector compartment is supported on the top of the three leveling screws; a connecting block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the detector compartment; a ball head is nested at the bottom of the connecting block; and the bottom end of the ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the base.

[0012] Preferably, the anchoring drill rod is a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge at its bottom. An installation plate is fixedly installed inside the anchoring drill rod, and a connecting rod is rotatably installed inside the anchoring drill rod. The connecting rod passes through the installation plate and is rotatably connected to the installation plate. At least one internal threaded ring is threaded onto the connecting rod. Multiple adjusting rods are connected to the outer side of the internal threaded ring, and the multiple adjusting rods are arranged in a ring. A braking block is connected to the outer side of the adjusting rod. A first gear is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting rod. An operating rod is rotatably installed at the top of the installation plate. A second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the operating rod, and the second gear meshes with the first gear. The top of the operating rod extends beyond the anchoring drill rod.

[0013] Compared with related technologies, the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides an auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing. By utilizing the mass block of the seismic source enhancement base and the inertial mass and energy-conducting cone of the energy-concentrating structure, the energy of the standard seismic source is more concentratedly directed underground. Combined with the deep and reliable anchoring of the helical anchor rod in permafrost, energy loss at the surface is effectively suppressed, significantly overcoming the strong attenuation effect of permafrost on seismic waves, thus laying a physical foundation for increasing the effective detection depth. The clamping fixture of the seismic source installation platform initially clamps the pressure plate through a brake screw, and then uses a locking nut for secondary mechanical locking, forming a double safety measure that effectively prevents the standard seismic source from being damaged under strong impact vibrations. The loosening of the seismic source ensured the continued stability of the coupling state at the excitation point; the detector coupling base, driven by gear transmission (first and second gears), expanded the brake block, forming a rigid connection with the permafrost borehole wall; combined with a leveling mechanism consisting of a ball head and leveling screws, it precisely ensured that the standard detector was in a horizontal position, and high-frequency noise was filtered out by damping and shock-absorbing materials, thus achieving high-fidelity signal reception; the thrust bearing made rotating the brake screw less strenuous; the gear transmission mechanism converted the short-arm rotation of the operating lever into a high-torque rotation of the connecting rod, making the expansion of the brake block in the permafrost easy and convenient. These designs significantly reduced the labor intensity of personnel in the hypoxic environment of the plateau and improved work efficiency; the conical soil-breaking head and the spiral anchoring method also reduced damage to the fragile ecological environment. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the seismic source enhancement base of the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure. Figure 4 for Figure 2The diagram shows the structure of the seismic source installation platform. Figure 5 for Figure 4 The diagram shows the state after one of the pressure plates has been removed from above the positioning mounting slot. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the detector coupling base of the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure. Figure 8 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the connection structure between the detector compartment and the leveling mechanism. Figure 9 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure after removing the geophone compartment, leveling mechanism, and anchoring drill rod.

[0015] Labels in the diagram: 100, source reinforcement base; 110, mass block; 120, energy conduction cone; 130, anchoring mechanism; 140, source mounting platform; 141, mounting base; 142, positioning mounting slot; 143, brake screw; 144, pressure plate; 145, locking nut; 146, rotating rod; 147, threaded block; 148, threaded hole; 131, conical ground-breaking head; 132, spiral anchoring rod; 200, detector coupling base; 210, detector compartment; 211, limit slot. 212. Sealed hatch cover; 213. Level bubble; 214. Damping and vibration damping material; 220. Leveling mechanism; 221. Base; 222. Leveling screw; 223. Ball head; 224. Connecting block; 230. Anchoring drill rod; 231. Cutting edge; 232. Mounting plate; 233. Connecting rod; 234. Internal threaded ring; 235. Adjusting rod; 236. Brake block; 237. First gear; 238. Operating lever; 239. Second gear; 300. Standard seismic source; 400. Standard detector. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0017] Please refer to the following: Figure 1-9 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the seismic source enhancement base of the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure. Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the seismic source installation platform. Figure 5 for Figure 4The diagram shows the state after one of the pressure plates has been removed from above the positioning mounting slot. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the detector coupling base of the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the structure. Figure 8 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the connection structure between the detector compartment and the leveling mechanism. Figure 9 for Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure after removing the geophone compartment, leveling mechanism, and anchoring drill pipe. This is a petroleum geological testing auxiliary device used for the excitation and reception of seismic waves in exploration, including: The system includes a source enhancement base 100, a detector coupling base 200, a standard source 300 that can be placed on the source enhancement base 100, and a standard detector 400 that can be built into the detector coupling base 200. The source enhancement base 100 includes a mass block 110, an energy conduction cone 120 and an anchoring mechanism 130, which are coaxially fixedly connected from top to bottom. The top of the mass block 110 is provided with a source mounting platform 140 for installing and positioning the standard source 300. The detector coupling base 200 includes a detector compartment 210 for accommodating and fixing the standard detector 400.

[0018] The seismic source mounting platform 140 includes a mounting base 141. The top of the mounting base 141 is provided with a positioning mounting groove 142. The shape of the mounting groove 142 matches the outline of the base of the standard seismic source 300. A rubber protective layer can be attached to the inner wall. The standard seismic source 300 is located in the positioning mounting groove 142. The mounting base 141 is provided with a clamping clamp, which enables the standard seismic source 300 to be disassembled and assembled with the mounting base 141.

[0019] The clamping fixture includes a brake screw 143 rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting base 141. A thrust bearing may be provided at the connection between the brake screw 143 and the mounting base 141. A pressure plate 144 is sleeved on the outer side of the brake screw 143. The bottom of the pressure plate 144 contacts the top of the standard seismic source 300. The pressure plate 144 and the brake screw 143 are clearance-fitted, allowing the pressure plate 144 to float slightly in the direction perpendicular to the screw. A rotating rod 146 is rotatably mounted on the pressure plate 144. A threaded block 14 is provided at the bottom end of the rotating rod 146. 7. The mounting base 141 has a threaded hole 148 at its top. The threaded block 147 is threadedly installed in the threaded hole 148. This design allows the pressure plate 144 to move vertically downwards through the interaction between the threaded block 147 and the threaded hole 148 when the brake screw 143 is rotated. A locking nut 145 is threaded on the outer side of the brake screw 143. The locking nut 145 is used to further lock the brake screw 143 after it is tightened to prevent it from rotating due to vibration. The bottom of the locking nut 145 is in contact with the top of the pressure plate 144.

[0020] The anchoring mechanism 130 of the source enhancement base 100 includes a conical soil breaking head 131 and a spiral anchoring rod 132 fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conical soil breaking head 131. The bottom end of the energy conduction cone 120 is fixedly connected to the top end of the conical soil breaking head 131.

[0021] The cone angle of the cone-shaped soil-breaking head 131 is 30° to 60°, and this angle range optimizes soil-breaking efficiency and structural strength.

[0022] The detector compartment 210 is a cylindrical structure with an open top. The detector compartment 210 has a limiting slot 211 that matches the shape of the outer shell of the standard detector 400 to fix the detector and prevent it from shaking. The bottom inner wall of the detector compartment 210 is provided with damping and shock-absorbing material 214 to absorb high-frequency environmental noise. The top of the detector compartment 210 is provided with an openable sealing cover 212 for dust and moisture protection. The detector compartment 210 or the sealing cover 212 is provided with a spirit level 213 to indicate the horizontal status of the compartment.

[0023] The detector coupling base 200 also includes a leveling mechanism 220 and an anchoring drill rod 230; the detector compartment 210 is mounted on the top of the anchoring drill rod 230 via the leveling mechanism 220; the leveling mechanism 220 includes a base 221 fixed to the top of the anchoring drill rod 230, and three circumferentially evenly distributed leveling screws 222 are threaded onto the base 221. The detector compartment 210 is supported on the top of the three leveling screws 222. The levelness of the detector compartment 210 can be adjusted by rotating different leveling screws 222. A connecting block 224 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the detector compartment 210, and a ball head 223 is nested at the bottom of the connecting block 224 to form a ball joint connection, allowing the detector compartment 210 to rotate freely in multiple degrees during leveling. The bottom end of the ball head 223 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 221.

[0024] The anchoring drill rod 230 is a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge 231 at its bottom for easy drilling into frozen soil. An installation plate 232 is fixedly installed inside the anchoring drill rod 230 to support the internal mechanism. A connecting rod 233 is rotatably installed inside the anchoring drill rod 230, passing through the installation plate 232 and rotatably connected to it. At least one internal threaded ring 234 is threaded onto the connecting rod 233. Multiple adjusting rods 235 are connected to the outer side of the internal threaded ring 234, forming a ring. The adjusting rod 235 is arranged in a circular shape, with a brake block 236 connected to its outer side. When the internal threaded ring 234 moves down, it pushes the adjusting rod 235 to open, causing the brake block 236 to press tightly against the hole wall to achieve anchoring. A first gear 237 is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting rod 233, and an operating rod 238 is rotatably installed at the top of the mounting plate 232. A second gear 239 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the operating rod 238. The second gear 239 meshes with the first gear 237, and the top of the operating rod 238 extends to the outside of the anchoring drill rod 230.

[0025] The working principle of the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by this invention is as follows: The use of this device involves two processes: setting up the excitation point and setting up the receiving point. Excitation point layout: First, the source enhancement base 100 is placed vertically at the selected point. The cone-shaped soil-breaking head 131 at its bottom cuts into the frozen soil surface under its own weight. Then, the spiral anchor rod 132 is rotated to anchor the entire base to the frozen soil stable layer. Next, the standard source 300 is placed into the positioning installation groove 142 of the mounting base 141. The brake screw 143 is rotated clockwise. The rotation of the brake screw 143 drives the threaded block 147 to move downward in the threaded hole 148, thereby driving the rotating rod 146 and the pressure plate 144 hinged to it to press down as a whole, pressing the standard source 300 tightly into the mounting groove 142. Finally, the locking nut 145 is unscrewed so that its bottom presses tightly against the top of the pressure plate 144, completing the anti-loosening locking of the brake screw 143. When excitation occurs, the impact energy is efficiently transmitted to the entire source enhancement base 100 through the stable coupling source mounting platform 140, and then transmitted into the ground. Receiving point setup: Align the cutting edge 231 at the bottom of the anchoring drill rod 230 with the ground at the receiving point, apply pressure and rotate the drill rod to drill into the frozen soil to the predetermined depth. Then, rotate the operating rod 238, which drives the second gear 239 to rotate. The first gear 237 meshing with it rotates accordingly and drives the connecting rod 233 to rotate. The rotational motion of the connecting rod 233 is converted into the downward linear motion of the internal threaded ring 234 through the threaded pair. The internal threaded ring 234 moves downward, pushing the multiple adjusting rods 235 hinged to it to open outward. Finally, the brake block 236, hinged to the end of the adjusting rod 235, is pressed tightly into the frozen soil hole wall to achieve rigid anchoring. After anchoring, the level bubble 213 is observed, and the three leveling screws 222 are adjusted to make the detector compartment 210 reach a precise level. Finally, the standard detector 400 is placed in the limiting slot 211 of the detector compartment 210, and the sealing cover 212 is closed tightly. When the seismic signal returns, the vibration is transmitted to the standard detector 400 with high fidelity through the anchoring drill rod 230, the leveling mechanism 220, and the detector compartment 210.

[0026] Compared with related technologies, the petroleum geological testing auxiliary device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention provides an auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing. Through the inertial mass and energy-concentrating structure of the mass block 110 of the seismic source enhancement base 100 and the energy conduction cone 120, the energy of the standard seismic source 300 is more concentratedly guided underground. Combined with the deep and reliable anchoring of the spiral anchor rod 132 in permafrost, energy loss at the surface is effectively suppressed, significantly overcoming the strong attenuation effect of permafrost on seismic waves, laying a physical foundation for increasing the effective detection depth. The clamping fixture of the seismic source installation platform 140 is initially clamped by the brake screw 143 driving the pressure plate 144, and then mechanically locked a second time using the locking nut 145, forming a double insurance, effectively preventing the standard seismic source 300 from loosening under strong impact vibration. The movement ensures the continuous stability of the coupling state at the excitation point; the detector coupling base 200 drives the brake block 236 to expand through gear transmission (first gear 237 and second gear 239), forming a rigid connection with the permafrost hole wall; combined with the leveling mechanism 220 composed of ball head 223 and leveling screw 222, it can accurately ensure that the standard detector 400 is in a horizontal state, and the damping and shock absorption material 214 filters out high-frequency noise, thereby achieving high-fidelity signal reception; the setting of the thrust bearing makes rotating the brake screw 143 more labor-saving; the gear transmission mechanism converts the short lever arm rotation of the operating rod 238 into the large torque rotation of the connecting rod 233, making the operation of expanding the brake block 236 in the permafrost easy and convenient. These designs significantly reduce the labor intensity of personnel in the hypoxic environment of the plateau and improve the work efficiency; the conical soil breaking head 131 and the spiral anchoring method also reduce the damage to the fragile ecological environment.

[0027] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A petroleum geological testing auxiliary device for the excitation and reception of seismic waves in seismic exploration, characterized in that, include: The system includes a source enhancement base, a detector coupling base, a standard source that can be placed on the source enhancement base, and a standard detector that can be built into the detector coupling base. The source enhancement base includes a mass block, an energy conduction cone, and an anchoring mechanism that are coaxially fixedly connected from top to bottom. The top of the mass block is provided with a source mounting platform for installing and positioning the standard source. The detector coupling base includes a detector compartment for accommodating and fixing the standard detector.

2. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic source installation platform includes a mounting base, the top of which has a positioning mounting groove. The standard seismic source is located in the positioning mounting groove. The mounting base is equipped with a clamping clamp, which enables the standard seismic source to be installed and removed from the mounting base.

3. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The clamping fixture includes a brake screw rotatably mounted on the top of the mounting base, a pressure plate sleeved on the outer side of the brake screw, the bottom of the pressure plate contacting the top of the standard vibration source, a rotating rod rotatably mounted on the pressure plate, a threaded block at the bottom end of the rotating rod, a threaded hole opened on the top of the mounting base, the threaded block being threadedly installed in the threaded hole, and a locking nut threaded on the outer side of the brake screw, the bottom of the locking nut contacting the top of the pressure plate.

4. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchoring mechanism of the source enhancement base includes a conical soil-breaking head and a spiral anchor rod fixedly connected to the bottom end of the conical soil-breaking head. The bottom end of the energy conduction cone is fixedly connected to the top end of the conical soil-breaking head.

5. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cone angle of the cone-shaped soil-breaking head is 30° to 60°.

6. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detector compartment is a cylindrical structure with an open top. The detector compartment has a limiting slot that matches the shape of the standard detector housing. The bottom inner wall of the detector compartment is provided with damping and shock-absorbing material. The top of the detector compartment is provided with an openable sealed cover. The detector compartment or the sealed cover is provided with a level bubble.

7. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The detector coupling base also includes a leveling mechanism and an anchoring drill rod; the detector compartment is installed on the top of the anchoring drill rod via the leveling mechanism; the leveling mechanism includes a base fixed to the top of the anchoring drill rod, and three leveling screws evenly distributed in a circumferential direction are threaded onto the base; the detector compartment is supported on the top of the three leveling screws; a connecting block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the detector compartment; a ball head is nested at the bottom of the connecting block; and the bottom end of the ball head is fixedly connected to the top of the base.

8. The auxiliary device for petroleum geological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring drill rod is a hollow cylinder with a cutting edge at its bottom. An installation plate is fixedly installed inside the anchoring drill rod, and a connecting rod is rotatably installed inside the anchoring drill rod. The connecting rod passes through the installation plate and is rotatably connected to the installation plate. At least one internal threaded ring is threaded onto the connecting rod, and multiple adjusting rods are connected to the outer side of the internal threaded ring. The multiple adjusting rods are arranged in a ring, and a braking block is connected to the outer side of the adjusting rod. A first gear is fixedly installed at the top of the connecting rod, and an operating rod is rotatably installed at the top of the installation plate. A second gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the operating rod, and the second gear meshes with the first gear. The top of the operating rod extends beyond the anchoring drill rod.

Images