Water and soil conservation dynamic protection system for building and water conservancy project and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water and soil conservation engineering, and particularly discloses a water and soil conservation dynamic protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects and a construction method, the water and soil conservation dynamic protection system comprises a surface soil resource circulation module, a dynamic partition protection module, a woven bag earth ridge modular construction module and a rapid vegetation recovery module; stripping-protection-backfilling closed loop of meadow soil is realized; differentiated protection measures are designed for a material taking field, a temporary storage field and a construction road; dynamically constructing by adopting a woven bag earth ridge with a double-layer standard structure; rapid recovery is realized through seed treatment, site optimization and precise management and protection; and a water and soil loss monitoring step: monitoring erosion amount data in real time, and taking corresponding protection measures in time. Through collaborative design of surface soil closed-loop management and dynamic partition protection, the problems of surface soil waste, insufficient water and soil loss control and slow vegetation recovery of a traditional project are solved, and the method has the advantages of resource circulation, efficient protection and eco-friendliness and is suitable for water and soil conservation operation of various danger removal and reinforcement projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and water conservation engineering technology, and in particular to a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for buildings and water conservancy projects. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of buildings and water conservancy projects, a large amount of earthwork excavation, filling, foundation pit excavation, and site leveling are often involved. These construction activities inevitably disturb the original landform and damage the surface vegetation cover, resulting in a significant decrease in the erosion resistance of the surface soil. To address the problem of soil erosion, various soil and water conservation measures have emerged in existing technologies, mainly divided into engineering protection measures and vegetation protection measures.

[0003] Traditional buildings and water conservancy projects have the following problems in terms of soil and water conservation: (1) Waste of topsoil resources: The topsoil was not systematically stripped and protected before construction, resulting in a large amount of fertile topsoil being lost due to the disturbance of the project. The subsequent vegetation restoration required the purchase of soil from outside, increasing costs. (2) Single protective measures: Differentiated protection measures were not designed for different areas such as material extraction sites, temporary storage sites, and construction roads. Simple stacking and blocking were generally adopted, resulting in a low rate of soil and water loss control. (3) Slow vegetation recovery: Simple seed treatment, insufficient land preparation and inadequate management make it difficult to quickly increase vegetation coverage and prolong the ecological restoration cycle; (4) Lack of management closed loop: The topsoil "stripping-protection-reuse" links are disconnected, lacking dynamic monitoring and intelligent adaptation measures, and the disturbed area far exceeds the reasonable range.

[0004] While existing technologies improve soil and water conservation by adding drainage facilities or modifying vegetation restoration methods, they fail to address the synergistic issues of topsoil recycling, dynamic zoned protection, and rapid vegetation restoration. Therefore, a soil and water conservation technology that combines resource recycling, targeted protection, and ecological efficiency is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for buildings and water conservancy projects, which solves problems such as topsoil waste, insufficient control of soil erosion, slow vegetation recovery and lack of closed-loop management in traditional projects, and achieves high efficiency and eco-friendliness in soil and water conservation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects, including a topsoil resource recycling module, a dynamic zone protection module, a modular construction module for woven bag embankments, and a vegetation rapid restoration module. The topsoil resource recycling module strips, protects, and backfills the meadow topsoil; The dynamic zone protection module designs protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road respectively; The modular construction module for woven bag embankments uses woven bags filled with topsoil to form woven bag embankments as retaining structures. The vegetation rapid restoration module enables rapid vegetation restoration after construction.

[0007] Preferably, the topsoil resource recycling module specifically comprises: The 20cm thick meadow topsoil was stripped off, and the stripped topsoil was temporarily stored in sections with woven bags and earthen embankments and covered with dense mesh netting. After the construction was completed, the topsoil was 100% backfilled.

[0008] Preferably, the dynamic zoning protection module designs specific protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road as follows: A trapezoidal intercepting ditch is constructed upstream of the material receiving area, with a bottom width of 0.5m, a depth of 0.5m, and a slope of 1:1. The temporary storage area uses double-layered woven bag mounds stacked parallel to retain topsoil, with a 2m spacing between adjacent mounds. The construction road is integrated with the intercepting / drainage ditch and vegetation restoration. The cross-sectional dimensions of the intercepting / drainage ditch are the same as those of the material receiving area's intercepting ditch. Vegetation restoration employs broadcasting of Kentucky bluegrass seeds at a seeding rate of 80 kg / hm². 2 .

[0009] Preferably, in the modular construction module of the woven bag embankment, the woven bag is made of polypropylene with a tensile strength ≥1.5kN / m, a seam strength ≥1.0kN / m, and the top width of the woven bag embankment is 0.3m and the height is 0.6m.

[0010] Preferably, in the vegetation rapid restoration module, suitable tree and grass species are selected according to the region and climate. Before sowing, the seeds are soaked in a water-retaining agent and a drought-resistant agent. A 37kW bulldozer is used to deeply till the area to be sown to a depth of 0.2–0.3m, and 20–30t / hm² of fertilizer is applied. 2 Organic fertilizer.

[0011] Preferably, the water-retaining agent is used at 3% of the seed weight, the drought-resistant agent is used at 2% of the seed weight, and the organic fertilizer is well-rotted cow or sheep manure with an organic matter content of ≥30%.

[0012] This invention also provides a construction method for a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects, comprising the following steps: S1. Topsoil stripping and protection: Systematically strip 20cm thick meadow topsoil, use woven bags and earthen embankments to block and cover with dense mesh netting for temporary protection and storage in designated areas; S2. Dynamic Zoning Protection Construction: Implement corresponding protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road. Construct a trapezoidal intercepting ditch upstream of the material receiving area, set up double-layer woven bag soil embankments at the temporary storage area, and construct intercepting / drainage ditches and restore vegetation along the construction road. S3. Construction of woven bag embankments: Before piling soil, manually build embankments at the toe of the slope. The woven bag embankments are dynamically extended as the soil is piled up. When backfilling, the woven bag embankments are removed and the bags are buried on site. S4. Rapid vegetation restoration construction: After treating tree and grass seeds, sow them, carry out comprehensive land preparation and apply organic fertilizer, and carry out management work including loosening the soil and weeding during the young forest stage. S5. Soil and water loss monitoring: Automated observation equipment is deployed on typical cross-sections of the dam to monitor erosion in real time.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the mesh density of the close-mesh net is ≥2000 meshes / 100cm. 2 .

[0014] Preferably, in step S4, the soil is loosened and weeds are removed ≥3 times per year during the young forest stage; after the grassland is sown, the soil is pressed down to retain moisture, ensuring a coverage rate of ≥95% for 6 months.

[0015] Preferably, step S5 specifically includes: One soil and water loss monitoring instrument is installed at each of the 0+200, 0+300 and 0+400 sections of the dam body. The measurement accuracy is ±5%, and the erosion volume is monitored in real time. The prevention and control standards are set at 97% treatment rate, 98% topsoil protection rate and 27% forest and grass coverage rate. The monitoring device is connected to the monitoring platform and transmits erosion data in real time. When the erosion exceeds the warning value, an alert is issued, and then measures such as adding barriers or covering are taken according to the soil erosion situation.

[0016] The present invention employs the above-mentioned dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for building and water conservancy projects, and has the following beneficial effects: (1) This invention realizes the recycling of resources. Through the closed-loop management of topsoil "stripping-protection-reuse", it avoids the waste of topsoil resources, reduces the cost of purchasing soil, and conforms to the concept of green development. (2) The present invention has significant protective effect. The dynamic zoning protection system is designed with differentiated measures for different areas, which improves the soil and water loss control rate and reduces the impact of the project on the surrounding ecological environment. (3) The present invention has a high efficiency in vegetation restoration. It adopts technologies such as seed treatment, site optimization and precise management to accelerate the vegetation restoration speed, improve the vegetation survival rate and shorten the ecological restoration cycle. (4) This invention combines automated observation equipment to monitor soil erosion, realizes real-time monitoring and management of the soil and water conservation status of the project, and provides data support for project decision-making. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the construction method of a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for buildings and water conservancy projects according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the composition of a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for buildings and water conservancy projects according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0019] This invention relates to a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for buildings and water conservancy projects, comprising: a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects and a construction method for the dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects includes a topsoil resource recycling module, a dynamic zoning protection module, a modular construction module for woven bag embankments, and a vegetation rapid restoration module. The topsoil resource recycling module involves the stripping, protection, and backfilling of meadow topsoil. Specifically, a 20cm thick layer of meadow topsoil is stripped, and the stripped topsoil is temporarily stored in designated areas using woven bag embankments combined with dense mesh netting. The woven bag embankments have a double-layer structure, with a top width of 0.3m and a height of 0.6m. The mesh density of the dense netting is ≥2000 meshes / 100cm. 2 This ensures that the topsoil does not erode during the temporary storage period. After construction, 100% of the topsoil will be backfilled for vegetation restoration to improve the survival rate of vegetation.

[0021] The dynamic zoning protection module designs protective measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction roads. Specifically: a trapezoidal intercepting ditch is constructed upstream of the material receiving area, with a bottom width of 0.5m, a depth of 0.5m, and a slope of 1:1, constructed with M7.5 cement mortar to effectively intercept surface runoff; the temporary storage area uses double-layered woven bag embankments stacked in parallel to retain topsoil, with a top width of 0.3m and a height of 0.6m, and a 2m spacing between adjacent embankments; the construction roads are integrated with intercepting / drainage ditches and vegetation restoration, with the intercepting / drainage ditch having the same cross-sectional dimensions as the material receiving area's intercepting ditch. Vegetation restoration employs broadcasting Kentucky bluegrass seeds at a seeding rate of 80kg / hm². 2 .

[0022] The modular construction module of woven bag embankment uses woven bags filled with topsoil to form woven bag embankments as retaining structures. The woven bags are made of polypropylene with a tensile strength ≥1.5kN / m and a joint strength ≥1.0kN / m. The standardized parameters of the woven bag embankment are a top width of 0.3m and a height of 0.6m, which can effectively play a retaining role.

[0023] The rapid vegetation restoration module, after construction, involves the following steps: Selecting suitable tree and grass species based on the region and climate; pre-sowing seed soaking with a water-retaining agent and a drought-resistant agent (3% of seed weight for the water-retaining agent and 2% for the drought-resistant agent); using a 37kW bulldozer to deeply till the area to be sown to a depth of 0.2–0.3m for thorough land preparation, ensuring loose soil; and applying 20–30 t / hm² of fertilizer. 2 Organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is well-rotted cow or sheep manure with an organic matter content of ≥30%.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a construction method for a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects includes the following steps: S1. Topsoil stripping and protection: A 20cm thick layer of meadow topsoil is systematically stripped using an excavator, avoiding excessive disturbance to the underlying soil during the stripping process. The stripped topsoil is then temporarily protected and stored in designated areas using artificially constructed woven bag embankments combined with dense mesh netting. The mesh density of the dense mesh netting is ≥2000 mesh / 100cm. 2 Each storage area is controlled to be 500m². 2 Within.

[0025] S2. Dynamic Zoning Protection Construction: Implement corresponding protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road. Construct a trapezoidal intercepting ditch upstream of the material receiving area, with C15 concrete poured inside. Set up double-layer woven bag soil embankments in the temporary storage area, which dynamically extend with the height of the piled soil. Construct intercepting / drainage ditches for the construction road, then sow Kentucky bluegrass seeds, and lightly rake and cover with 0.5-1cm of soil after sowing.

[0026] S3. Construction of woven bag embankments: Before piling soil, manually build embankments at the toe of the slope. During construction, ensure that the embankments are flat and firm. For every 0.3m increase in the height of the soil pile, the woven bag embankment will dynamically extend by one layer. When backfilling, remove the woven bag embankments and bury the bags on the spot with a burial depth of ≥0.5m.

[0027] S4. Rapid Vegetation Restoration Construction: After treating the tree and grass seeds, sow them in rows with a row spacing of 30cm. Conduct thorough land preparation and apply organic fertilizer, which is then evenly spread and mixed with the soil. During the young forest stage, carry out soil loosening and weeding at least 3 times per year, in spring, summer, and autumn. After sowing the grassland, use a roller to compact the soil and retain moisture, ensuring a coverage rate of ≥95% for 6 months.

[0028] S5. Soil and water loss monitoring: Automated observation equipment is deployed at typical cross-sections of the dam body to monitor erosion in real time. Specifically, one soil and water loss monitoring instrument is deployed at each of the 0+200, 0+300, and 0+400 cross-sections of the dam body, with a measurement accuracy of ±5%, to monitor erosion in real time. The prevention and control standards are set at 97% treatment rate, 98% topsoil protection rate, and 27% forest and grass coverage rate. The monitoring device is connected to the monitoring platform and transmits erosion data in real time. When the erosion exceeds the warning value, an alert is issued, and then measures such as adding barriers or covering are taken according to the soil erosion situation.

[0029] The method of this invention allows for parameter adjustments based on actual engineering conditions. For example, the height of the woven bag mound can be adjusted appropriately according to the soil pile height, and suitable native tree and grass species can be selected based on local climate conditions. It is applicable to soil and water conservation operations in various construction and water conservancy projects, and is especially suitable for projects in ecologically sensitive areas.

[0030] Example: The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained below through an example of the reinforcement and upgrading project of Dongfanghong Reservoir.

[0031] S1. Topsoil stripping and protection: Before the construction of the reinforcement project at Dongfanghong Reservoir, an excavator was used to strip a 20cm thick layer of meadow topsoil. The stripped topsoil was transported to a designated storage area and stored at a rate of 500m³ per unit area. 2 The area was divided into sections, and woven bag embankments were built manually to form barriers. The embankments were made by filling topsoil with double-layered woven bags. After the embankments were built, they were covered with dense mesh netting and the edges of the netting were compacted with sandbags.

[0032] S2. Dynamic Zoning Protection Construction: Before construction at the material intake area, a trapezoidal intercepting ditch is excavated upstream, with the ditch walls plastered with M7.5 cement mortar; at the temporary storage area, the first layer of woven bag embankments is constructed before the soil is piled up, with an additional layer of woven bag embankments extending every 0.3m as the soil pile height increases; after the roadbed of the construction road is compacted, intercepting / drainage ditches are built on both sides of the road, followed by sowing of Kentucky bluegrass seeds, with the sowing rate strictly controlled at 80kg / hm². 2 .

[0033] S3. Construction of woven bag embankments: Before piling soil, manually construct woven bag embankments at the toe of the slope in the soil piling area, ensuring that the top width of the embankment is 0.3m and the height is 0.6m; during the soil piling process, when the soil piling height reaches 0.6m, extend the woven bag embankments along the edge of the soil piling; when backfilling is carried out at the end of the project, simultaneously dismantle the woven bag embankments and bury the bags in situ 0.5m below the topsoil.

[0034] S4. Vegetation Restoration Construction: Select suitable Pinus sylvestris / Populus simonii seedlings with a ground diameter of 2cm and plant them at a spacing of 2m×2m. Before planting, prune the seedling roots and dip them in rooting agent. Before sowing Kentucky bluegrass seeds, soak the seeds in a water-retaining agent and drought-resistant agent for 24 hours, then remove and dry them before broadcasting. Use a 37kW bulldozer to deeply cultivate the planting and sowing areas to a depth of 0.25m, followed by applying 25t / hm² of fertilizer. 2 Organic fertilizer should be thoroughly mixed with the soil. During the young forest stage, loosen the soil and weed once each in April, July and September, with a loosening depth of 5-10cm. After sowing the grassland, use a roller to press the soil to ensure close contact between the seeds and the soil. Check the coverage rate after 6 months to ensure it reaches more than 95%.

[0035] S5. Soil and water loss monitoring: An automated monitoring device is installed at each of the 0+200, 0+300, and 0+400 sections of the dam body. The device is connected to the monitoring platform to transmit erosion data in real time. When the erosion exceeds the warning value, measures such as adding barriers or covering are taken in a timely manner.

[0036] Therefore, this invention employs the aforementioned dynamic soil and water conservation protection system and construction method for building and water conservancy projects to achieve resource recycling. Through closed-loop management of topsoil "stripping-protection-reuse," it avoids waste of topsoil resources, reduces the cost of purchasing soil, and aligns with the concept of green development. The protection effect is significant; the dynamic zoning protection system designs differentiated measures for different areas, improving the soil erosion control rate and reducing the project's impact on the surrounding ecological environment. Vegetation restoration is highly efficient; technologies such as seed treatment, site optimization, and precise management accelerate vegetation restoration, increase vegetation survival rates, and shorten the ecological restoration cycle. Intelligent and efficient management is achieved by combining automated observation equipment for soil erosion monitoring, enabling real-time monitoring and management of the project's soil and water conservation status, and providing data support for project decision-making.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects, characterized in that, It includes a topsoil resource recycling module, a dynamic zoning protection module, a modular construction module for woven bag embankments, and a rapid vegetation restoration module; The topsoil resource recycling module strips, protects, and backfills the meadow topsoil; The dynamic zone protection module designs protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road respectively; The modular construction module for woven bag embankments uses woven bags filled with topsoil to form woven bag embankments as retaining structures, and the woven bag embankments extend dynamically with the height of the soil pile. The vegetation rapid restoration module enables rapid vegetation restoration after construction; The topsoil resource recycling module specifically involves: stripping the 20cm thick meadow topsoil, using woven bags and earthen embankments to block the stripped topsoil and covering it with dense mesh netting for temporary protection and storage in designated areas, and backfilling the topsoil 100% after construction is completed. In the modular construction module for woven bag embankments, the woven bags are made of polypropylene with a tensile strength ≥1.5kN / m and a seam strength ≥1.0kN / m. The top width of the woven bag embankment is 0.3m and the height is 0.6m.

2. The dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic zoning protection module specifically designs the following protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road: A trapezoidal intercepting ditch is constructed upstream of the material receiving area, with a bottom width of 0.5m, a depth of 0.5m, and a slope of 1:

1. The temporary storage area uses double-layered woven bag mounds stacked parallel to retain topsoil, with a 2m spacing between adjacent mounds. The construction road is integrated with the intercepting / drainage ditch and vegetation restoration. The cross-sectional dimensions of the intercepting / drainage ditch are the same as those of the material receiving area's intercepting ditch. Vegetation restoration employs broadcasting of Kentucky bluegrass seeds at a seeding rate of 80 kg / hm². 2 .

3. The dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the rapid vegetation restoration module, suitable tree and grass species are selected according to the region and climate. Before sowing, the seeds are soaked in a water-retaining agent and a drought-resistant agent. A 37kW bulldozer is used to deeply till the area to be sown to a depth of 0.2–0.3m, and 20–30t / hm² of fertilizer is applied. 2 Organic fertilizer.

4. The dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water-retaining agent is used at 3% of the seed weight, the drought-resistant agent is used at 2% of the seed weight, and the organic fertilizer is well-rotted cow and sheep manure with an organic matter content of ≥30%.

5. A construction method for a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects, applying the dynamic soil and water conservation protection system described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Topsoil stripping and protection: Systematically strip 20cm thick meadow topsoil, use woven bags and earthen embankments to block and cover with dense mesh netting for temporary protection and storage in designated areas; S2. Dynamic Zoning Protection Construction: Implement corresponding protection measures for the material receiving area, temporary storage area, and construction road. Construct a trapezoidal intercepting ditch upstream of the material receiving area, set up double-layer woven bag soil embankments at the temporary storage area, and construct intercepting / drainage ditches and restore vegetation along the construction road. S3. Construction of woven bag embankments: Before piling soil, manually build embankments at the toe of the slope. The woven bag embankments are dynamically extended as the soil is piled up. When backfilling, the woven bag embankments are removed and the bags are buried on site. S4. Rapid vegetation restoration construction: After treating tree and grass seeds, sow them, carry out comprehensive land preparation and apply organic fertilizer, and carry out management work including loosening the soil and weeding during the young forest stage. S5. Soil and water loss monitoring: Automated observation equipment is deployed on typical cross-sections of the dam to monitor erosion in real time.

6. The construction method of a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S1, the mesh density of the close-mesh net is ≥2000 meshes / 100cm. 2 .

7. The construction method of a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S4, loosen the soil and weed ≥3 times per year during the young forest stage; after sowing the grassland, press the soil to retain moisture and ensure a coverage rate of ≥95% for 6 months.

8. The construction method of a dynamic soil and water conservation protection system for buildings and water conservancy projects according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S5 is as follows: One soil and water loss monitoring instrument is installed at each of the 0+200, 0+300 and 0+400 sections of the dam body. The measurement accuracy is ±5%, and the erosion volume is monitored in real time. The prevention and control standards are set at 97% treatment rate, 98% topsoil protection rate and 27% forest and grass coverage rate. The monitoring device is connected to the monitoring platform and transmits erosion data in real time. When the erosion exceeds the warning value, an alert is issued, and then measures such as adding barriers or covering are taken according to the soil erosion situation.

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