A tailings revegetation substrate laying device and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of tailings vegetation substrate laying device and laying method, it is related to mine ecological restoration management technical field, for solving the ecological restoration of tailings dam in prior art, lack of vegetation substrate laying device while digging, and tailings cannot be well utilized, and the problem of waste soil;Including: excavation system, mobile base, impurity removal system, screening system, mixing system, spreading mechanism and control system, the mobile base is movably connected at one end of the excavation system;The impurity removal system includes first mixing mechanism and filtering mechanism;The screening system includes screening mechanism and first laying mechanism;The mixing system includes second mixing mechanism and second laying mechanism;Control system is electrically connected with excavation system, impurity removal system, screening system, mixing system and spreading mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine ecological restoration and management technology, and in particular to a tailings vegetation substrate laying device and laying method. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings refer to the waste and residue generated during the mining process. After the ore has had its valuable minerals extracted, the remaining impurities and waste are called tailings. Depending on the type of ore, tailings may contain solid particles, chemicals, heavy metals, toxic substances, etc. Tailings treatment and management are crucial aspects of the mining industry to ensure environmental protection and the sustainability of resource utilization.

[0003] To facilitate the rapid ecological restoration of tailings dams, a vegetation substrate can be laid on them for repair. However, this substrate is typically prepared and then directly laid on the desired areas. This method makes it difficult to adjust the coverage effect and scope, and it also wastes a significant amount of soil.

[0004] Currently, it is necessary to utilize the tailings from the tailings dam itself, supplemented with other materials, to create a vegetation substrate. This eliminates the need to transport large amounts of soil from other locations, saving both soil and time and labor. Furthermore, a device capable of simultaneously creating and laying the vegetation substrate allows for timely adjustments to the coverage effect and scope based on site conditions, resulting in a better laying effect and facilitating subsequent ecological restoration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a tailings vegetation substrate laying device and method, which solves the problems of lack of devices for laying vegetation substrate while digging in the ecological restoration of tailings dams, poor utilization of tailings, and waste of soil.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a tailings vegetation substrate laying device, comprising:

[0007] An excavation system, comprising a robotic arm, a bucket, and an electric mobile platform, wherein the robotic arm is rotatably mounted on the electric mobile platform, and the bucket is fixedly connected to the movable end of the robotic arm, for excavating tailings and transporting tailings;

[0008] A mobile base is movably connected to one end of the electric mobile platform for moving with the electric mobile platform.

[0009] A purification system, comprising a first mixing mechanism and a filtering mechanism, both mounted on the movable base, is used to remove heavy metals from tailings.

[0010] A screening system, comprising a screening mechanism and a first laying mechanism, wherein the screening mechanism is fixedly installed on the movable base and located on one side of the filtering mechanism, and the first laying mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable base and located on one side of the screening mechanism; the screening system is used to sort tailings of different volumes and lay the sorted tailings on the ground.

[0011] A mixing system, comprising a second mixing mechanism and a second laying mechanism, wherein the second mixing mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening system and the second laying mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the second mixing mechanism, the mixing system being used to mix the vegetation substrate and perform laying work;

[0012] A spreading mechanism used to spread leaf mold and humus materials containing grass seeds;

[0013] The control system is electrically connected to the digging system, the impurity removal system, the screening system, the mixing system, and the spreading mechanism.

[0014] This setup, through the coordinated operation of the excavation system, mobile base, impurity removal system, screening system, mixing system, spreading mechanism, and control system, achieves the effect of laying vegetation substrate while excavating. At the same time, using tailings as one of the raw materials for making vegetation substrate not only improves the utilization rate of tailings and saves soil, but also eliminates the need to prepare the vegetation substrate in advance and then transport it, saving time and effort.

[0015] Furthermore, the first mixing mechanism includes a mixing frame without a bottom, a movable plate, and a first electric push rod. The movable plate abuts against the bottom of the mixing frame, and one end of the movable plate is fixedly connected to a mobile power source. Mounting plates are symmetrically mounted on the movable base. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one of the mounting plates, and the first electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the other mounting plate. One side of the mixing frame is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod, and the other side is fixedly connected to the first electric push rod. A reagent box is fixedly mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates, and a nozzle is fixedly connected to one side of the reagent box. The nozzle is detachably mounted on the mixing frame. Both the first electric push rod and the nozzle are electrically connected to the control system. The mobile power source includes a second electric push rod and a connecting rod. The second electric push rod is fixedly mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the second electric push rod. The second electric push rod is electrically connected to the control system.

[0016] Furthermore, the filtration mechanism includes a filter box, a sealing plate, and a recovery pump. A water pump is fixedly connected inside the filter box. The filter box is located at the bottom of the movable plate and is fixedly connected to the recovery pump. A sealing plate is hinged to the side of the filter box away from the robotic arm. Both the filter box and the recovery pump are fixedly installed on the movable base. Both the water pump and the recovery pump are electrically connected to the control system.

[0017] Furthermore, the screening mechanism includes a screening plate, a sliding plate, and a first mounting frame. The first mounting frames are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the movable base. A sliding plate is slidably mounted on each of the first mounting frames. A third electric push rod is fixedly connected to one end of each sliding plate. Each third electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the movable base and electrically connected to the control system. Both sides of the screening plate are fixedly connected to the sliding plate. A through hole is provided on the movable base, and the through hole is located at the end of the screening plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the first laying mechanism includes a roller and a fixing frame. The fixing frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable base and located at the end of the through hole away from the screening plate. The roller is rotatably installed on the fixing frame.

[0019] Furthermore, the second mixing mechanism includes a mixing chamber and an electric stirrer. The electric stirrer is installed inside the mixing chamber, and the mixing chamber is fixedly installed on the movable base and located at the bottom of the screening plate. A first material conveyor is fixedly connected inside the mixing chamber. Both the electric stirrer and the first material conveyor are electrically connected to the control system. One side of the mixing chamber is fixedly connected to the second laying mechanism.

[0020] Furthermore, the second laying mechanism includes a suction pump and a first spraying trough. The inlet of the suction pump is fixedly connected to the mixing tank, and the outlet of the suction pump is fixedly connected to a first conveying pipe. The end of the first conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the first spraying trough, and the suction pump is electrically connected to the control system.

[0021] Furthermore, ear plates are symmetrically fixedly installed at the end of the movable base away from the robotic arm, and a rotating rod is fixedly connected between the two ear plates, with a grass planting mesh rotatably wound around the rotating rod.

[0022] Furthermore, the spreading mechanism includes a second spraying trough and a second material conveyor. The second material conveyor is fixedly installed on the movable base. A second conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second material conveyor. The ends of the two conveying pipes are fixedly connected to the second spraying trough, and the second spraying trough is located behind the first spraying trough. The second material conveyor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0023] A method for laying a tailings vegetation substrate, applicable to the aforementioned tailings vegetation substrate laying device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1: First, use the excavation system to clear a space to facilitate the subsequent excavation and laying work.

[0025] S2: The tailings are transported into the mixing frame using the bucket, and then the nozzle is opened to spray the adsorbent into the mixing frame; at the same time, the first electric push rod is activated to move the mixing frame to mix the tailings and adsorbent together.

[0026] S3: Activate the second electric push rod to move the moving plate away, allowing the mixed tailings and adsorbent in the mixing frame to fall into the filter box; at the same time, inject the solution into the filter box, let it stand for a period of time, and then start the recovery pump to discharge the solution containing heavy metals and the adsorbent into the recovery pump.

[0027] S4: Open the sealing plate to allow the remaining tailings in the filter box to roll onto the screening plate; then start the third electric push rod to move the screening plate back and forth continuously to screen the tailings by volume.

[0028] S5: The tailings that roll down to the ground through the through hole are spread flat on the ground by the action of the roller, forming the first layer of tailings; the electric mixer and the first material conveyor are started to mix the tailings that fall into the mixing box through the screening plate with minerals, rock powder and perlite materials to form an inorganic substrate.

[0029] S6: Fix one end of the grass planting grid to the ground. As the moving base moves, the grass planting grid is gradually laid on the first layer of tailings. At the same time, start the suction pump to spray the mixed inorganic substrate into the grass planting grid through the first spraying trough to complete the laying of the inorganic substrate.

[0030] S7: Restart the second material conveyor to spray the leaf mold and humus material containing grass seeds onto the inorganic substrate through the second spraying tank;

[0031] S8: As the excavation system advances, repeat steps S2-S7 continuously until the entire tailings dam is laid.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0033] 1. Through the coordinated operation of the excavation system, mobile base, impurity removal system, screening system, mixing system, spreading mechanism and control system, the effect of laying vegetation substrate while excavating can be achieved. At the same time, tailings are used as one of the raw materials for making vegetation substrate, which not only improves the utilization rate of tailings and saves soil, but also eliminates the need to prepare the vegetation substrate in advance and then transport it over, saving time and effort.

[0034] 2. By coordinating the mixing frame, moving plate, mobile power source, first electric push rod, telescopic rod, mounting plate, reagent tank, nozzle, filter box, sealing plate, and recovery pump, the heavy metal content in the tailings is reduced, which facilitates the healthy growth of plants in the later stage, thereby enabling the ecological environment of the tailings dam to recover as soon as possible.

[0035] 3. By setting the positions of through holes, rollers, rotating rods, grass planting grids, first spraying troughs and second spraying troughs, the first layer of tailings, grass planting grids, inorganic substrates and leaf mold with grass seeds, humus and other materials are laid in sequence as the mobile base moves with the electric mobile platform, thus enabling the laying work to proceed smoothly while digging. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a first-view structural diagram of the movable base in the tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a second-view structural diagram of the movable base in the tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 Tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 5 Tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the middle.

[0041] Among them, the excavator bucket 10, the robotic arm 11, and the electric mobile platform 12;

[0042] Movable base 2, base 201, casters 202;

[0043] First mixing mechanism 21, mixing frame 211, first electric push rod 212, telescopic rod 213, mounting plate 214, moving plate 215, nozzle 216, second electric push rod 217, first connecting rod 218;

[0044] Filter mechanism 22, filter box 221, sealing plate 222, guide plate 223, recovery pump 224;

[0045] Screening mechanism 23, screening plate 231, first baffle 232, third connecting rod 233, sliding plate 234, first mounting bracket 235, third electric push rod 236, second connecting rod 237, through hole 238;

[0046] First laying mechanism 24, roller 241, second baffle 242;

[0047] Second mixing mechanism 25, mixing box 251, mounting platform 252, transmission rod 253, belt 254;

[0048] Second laying mechanism 26, suction pump 261, first spraying tank 262, first delivery pipeline 263;

[0049] Spreading mechanism 27, second material conveyor 271, second spraying trough 272, second conveying pipeline 273;

[0050] Grass planting grid 281, ear plate 282. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. It should be noted that the embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not necessary to practice the invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods have not been specifically described to avoid obscuring the invention.

[0052] Throughout this specification, references to "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrases "in an embodiment," "in an embodiment," "an example," or "an example" appearing in various places throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments or examples in any suitable combination and / or sub-combination. Moreover, those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0053] Please see Figure 1This invention provides an embodiment of a tailings vegetation substrate laying device and method. The device includes: an excavation system, a mobile base 2, a cleaning system, a screening system, a mixing system, a spreading mechanism, and a control system. The control system is electrically connected to the excavation system, the cleaning system, the screening system, the mixing system, and the spreading mechanism to control the normal operation of the device, facilitating the smooth completion of the work of laying vegetation substrate while excavating. At the same time, it improves the utilization rate of tailings, saving soil and eliminating the need to prepare and transport the vegetation substrate in advance, saving time and labor.

[0054] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the excavation system includes a robotic arm 11, a bucket 10, and an electric mobile platform 12. The robotic arm 11 is rotatably mounted on the electric mobile platform 12, and the bucket 10 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the robotic arm 11. It is used to excavate tailings and transport them to a waste removal system. In this embodiment, the control system can be located on the electric mobile platform 12. The control system, robotic arm 11, and electric mobile platform 12 are all existing technologies, and therefore will not be described in detail here.

[0055] Please see Figure 1-2 The mobile base 2 is movably connected to one end of the electric mobile platform 12. In this embodiment, the mobile base 2 includes a base 201 and a plurality of rollers 202. The base 201 is movably connected to one end of the electric mobile platform 12. The rollers 202 can be four in total, and are symmetrically installed in pairs on both sides of the bottom of the base 201, so that the base 201 can move smoothly with the electric mobile platform 12.

[0056] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the impurity removal system includes a first mixing mechanism 21 and a filtering mechanism 22. Both the first mixing mechanism 21 and the filtering mechanism 22 are installed on the base 201. The impurity removal system is used to remove heavy metals from the tailings, which facilitates the healthy growth of plants in the later stage, thereby enabling the ecological environment of the tailings dam to be restored as soon as possible.

[0057] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the first mixing mechanism 21 includes a mixing frame 211 without a sealed bottom, a movable plate 215, and a first electric push rod 212. The movable plate 215 abuts against the bottom of the mixing frame 211, and the area of ​​the movable plate 215 is larger than the bottom surface of the mixing frame 211. One end of the movable plate 215 is fixedly connected to a mobile power source. In use, the movable plate 215 abuts against the bottom of the mixing frame 211 to provide a base for the mixing frame 211 and prevent the tailings inside the mixing frame 211 from falling out. The bottom of the mixing frame 211 can also be configured as other automatic doors that can open and close automatically. In this embodiment, mounting plates 214 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the base 201. A telescopic rod 213 is fixedly connected to one of the mounting plates 214, and a first electric push rod 212 is fixedly installed on the other mounting plate 214. One side of the mixing frame 211 is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod 213, and the other side is fixedly connected to the first electric push rod 212. The first electric push rod 212 is electrically connected to the control system. In use, activating the first electric push rod 212 causes the mixing frame 211 to move left and right, facilitating thorough mixing of the tailings and adsorbent. Simultaneously, the telescopic rod 213 does not affect the left and right movement of the mixing frame 211 and provides support for the mixing frame 211. Alternatively, a stirrer can be installed in the mixing frame to stir the mixture, depending on the actual situation.

[0058] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, a reagent tank is fixedly installed on one side of one of the mounting plates 214, and a nozzle 216 is fixedly connected to one side of the reagent tank. The nozzle 216 is detachably installed on the mixing frame 211 and is electrically connected to the control system. When the tailings are dumped into the mixing frame 211 by the bucket 10, the nozzle 216 is activated to spray the adsorbent in the reagent tank into the mixing frame 211 through the nozzle 216, so that it mixes with the tailings in the mixing frame 211 and is used to adsorb heavy metals on the tailings. In actual use, the nozzle 216 is snapped or glued to the mixing frame 211.

[0059] Please see Figure 4 In this embodiment, the mobile power source includes a second electric push rod 217 and a first connecting rod 218. The second electric push rod 217 is fixedly installed on one side of one of the mounting plates 214. One end of the first connecting rod 218 is fixedly connected to the moving plate 215, and the other end is fixedly installed on the second electric push rod 217. The second electric push rod 217 is electrically connected to the control system. When it is necessary to transport the tailings in the mixing frame 211 to the filter box, the second electric push rod 217 is activated to move the moving plate 215 forward, so that the tailings leave the mixing frame 211 and enter the next processing step. Then the second electric push rod 217 is activated again to reset the moving plate 215 for the next use.

[0060] Please see Figure 3In this embodiment, the filtration mechanism 22 includes a filter box 221, a sealing plate 222, and a recovery pump 224. A water pump is fixedly connected inside the filter box 221. The filter box 221 is located below the moving plate 215. The bottom of the filter box 221 is fixedly connected to the recovery pump 224. Both the water pump and the recovery pump 224 are electrically connected to the control system. The sealing plate 222 is electrically hinged to the side of the filter box 221 away from the robotic arm 11. The filter box 221 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 201, and the recovery pump 224 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the base 201. When the tailings and adsorbent fall into the filter box 221 together, the water pump is started to inject the corresponding solution into the filter box 221 until the tailings and adsorbent are submerged. Then the water pump is turned off, and after standing for a period of time, the recovery pump 224 is started to discharge the solution containing heavy metals and the adsorbent from the filter box 221. The waste liquid discharged by the recovery pump 224 can be centrally treated at designated points through the wastewater treatment system. Then, the sealing plate 222 automatically opens, discharging the tailings from the filter box 221 and proceeding to the next processing step. In this embodiment, the upper two sides of the sealing plate 222 are electrically hinged to the inner walls of the top two sides of the filter box 221. Sealing strips are fixedly connected to the three sides of the sealing plate 222 that abut against the filter box 221 to prevent solution leakage; simultaneously, this achieves the effect of electrically controlling the opening and closing of the sealing plate 222. In this embodiment, the bottom of the filter box 221 is inclined, facilitating the discharge of solutions containing heavy metals and adsorbents, as well as the discharge of remaining tailings within the filter box 221.

[0061] Please see Figure 1-3 In this embodiment, the screening system includes a screening mechanism 23 and a first laying mechanism 24. The screening mechanism 23 is fixedly installed on the base 201 and located on one side of the filter box 221. The first laying mechanism 24 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the base 201 and located on one side of the screening mechanism 23. The screening system is used to sort tailings of different volumes and lay the sorted tailings on the ground.

[0062] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 5In this embodiment, the screening mechanism 23 includes a screening plate 231, a sliding plate 234, and a first mounting frame 235. The first mounting frames 235 are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the base 201. A sliding plate 234 is slidably mounted on each first mounting frame 235. A second connecting rod 237 is fixedly connected to one end of each sliding plate 234. A third electric push rod 236 is fixedly connected to the end of each second connecting rod 237. Each third electric push rod 236 is fixedly mounted on the base 201 and electrically connected to the control system. In use, the third electric push rod 236 is activated, which drives the sliding plate 234 to move back and forth along the first mounting frame 235, thereby generating vibration and screening the tailings on the screening plate 231. Alternatively, a vibration motor can be installed on the screening plate 231 to increase the vibration frequency of the screening plate 231, thereby improving the screening efficiency. Smaller tailings fall directly through the screen holes of the screening plate 231 below it, while larger tailings move forward along the screening plate 231 and eventually fall from the end of the screening plate 231, completely detaching from it. This achieves the effect of screening tailings according to their volume. In this embodiment, both sides of the screening plate 231 are fixedly connected to the sliding plate 234. The base 201 has through holes 238 located at the end of the screening plate 231. Large-volume tailings falling from the end of the screening plate 231 fall directly to the ground through the through holes 238, forming the first layer of tailings.

[0063] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, four first mounting brackets 235 can be selected, symmetrically mounted in pairs on the base 201. A sliding plate 234 is slidably connected between two first mounting brackets 235 on the same side, making the sliding plate 234 more stable. In this embodiment, a guide plate 223 is fixedly connected to the side of the filter box 221 near the screening plate 231. One end of the guide plate 223 contacts the upper surface of the screening plate 231. When tailings are discharged from the filter box 221, they roll onto the screening plate 231 via the guide plate 223. Simultaneously, when the screening plate 231 moves back and forth, the guide plate 223 fills the gap between the screening plate 231 and the filter box 221, preventing small tailings from falling through the gap. In this embodiment, first baffles 232 are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the screening plate 231, and a third connecting rod 233 is fixedly connected to one side of each first baffle 232. One end of the third connecting rod 233 is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 234 to prevent tailings conveyed to the screening plate 231 from falling along the two sides of the screening plate 231.

[0064] Please see Figure 2-3In this embodiment, the first laying mechanism 24 includes a roller 241 and a fixed frame. The fixed frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base 201 and is located at the end of the through hole 238 away from the screening plate 231. The roller 241 is rotatably installed on the fixed frame. Second baffles 242 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the left and right sides of the through hole 238. When a large volume of tailings falls directly to the ground from the end of the screening plate 231 along the through hole 238, the roller 241 rolls over the tailings as the base 201 moves forward, roughly flattening the tailings to facilitate the smooth completion of subsequent work. At the same time, the second baffles 242 on both sides limit the width of the tailings to prevent the tailings from rolling around and affecting work efficiency.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, ear plates 282 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the end of the base 201 away from the robotic arm 11. A rotating rod is fixedly connected between the two ear plates 282. A grass planting grid 281 is rotated and wound on the rotating rod. When in use, the staff first fixes one end of the grass planting grid 281 at the corresponding position on the ground. Then, the grass planting grid 281 is gradually laid on the first layer of tailings as the base 201 moves. This makes it easy to lay the subsequent vegetation substrate in the grass planting grid 281, which can prevent soil erosion, provide support for plant growth, enhance soil stability, and improve water permeability and drainage performance.

[0066] Please see Figure 1 In this embodiment, the mixing system includes a second mixing mechanism 25 and a second laying mechanism 26. The second mixing mechanism 25 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening plate 231, and the second laying mechanism 26 is fixedly connected to one side of the second mixing mechanism 25. The mixing system is used to mix inorganic substrates and lay them on the grass planting grid 281.

[0067] Please see Figure 2In this embodiment, the second mixing mechanism 25 includes a mixing tank 251 and an electric stirrer. The electric stirrer is installed inside the mixing tank 251, which is fixedly mounted on the base 201 and located at the bottom of the screening plate 231. One side of the mixing tank 251 is fixedly connected to the second laying mechanism 26. A first material conveyor is fixedly connected inside the mixing tank 251. Both the electric stirrer and the first material conveyor are electrically connected to the control system. When small-volume tailings fall from the screening plate 231 into the mixing tank 251, the first material conveyor is started to inject materials such as minerals, rock powder, and perlite into the mixing tank 251. The specific composition and proportion can be determined by sampling and analyzing the tailings on-site before laying, and then determining the actual ratio based on the nutritional components required for plant growth. The electric stirrer is then started, and an appropriate amount of water is injected to fully mix the tailings and other materials to form an inorganic substrate, which is then laid by the second laying mechanism 26. In this embodiment, the first material conveyor can be a conveying device such as a conveyor belt, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0068] Please see Figure 2 In this embodiment, the electric stirrer includes a motor and a transmission rod 253. Two transmission rods 253 can be selected. A mounting platform 252 is fixedly installed on one side of the base 201. The motor is fixedly installed on the mounting platform 252. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to one of the transmission rods 253. A pulley sleeve is fixedly fitted at one end of each transmission rod 253 near the motor. A belt 254 is tensioned between the two pulley sleeves. Several stirring rods are fixedly connected to each transmission rod 253 at even intervals. The motor is electrically connected to the control system. In use, the motor is started, and the output shaft of the motor drives the corresponding transmission rod 253 to rotate. The belt 254 drives the other transmission rod 253 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the stirring rods to rotate accordingly, achieving the effect of mixing tailings and other materials in the mixing tank 251.

[0069] Please see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the second laying mechanism 26 includes a suction pump 261 and a first spraying trough 262. The suction pump 261 is fixedly installed on the base 201. The inlet of the suction pump 261 is fixedly connected to the mixing tank 251. The outlet of the suction pump 261 is fixedly connected to a first conveying pipe 263. The first conveying pipe 263 can be made of iron or steel and has a certain support. The end of the first conveying pipe 263 is fixedly connected to the first spraying trough 262. The suction pump 261 is electrically connected to the control system. When in use, the suction pump 261 is started, and the inorganic substrate mixed in the mixing tank 251 is sprinkled into the grass planting grid 281 through the suction pump 261 along the first spraying trough 262 to complete the laying of the inorganic substrate.

[0070] Please see Figure 3In this embodiment, the sowing mechanism 27 includes a second spraying trough 272 and a second material conveyor 271. The second material conveyor 271 is fixedly installed on the base 201. A second conveying pipe 273 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second material conveyor 271. The second conveying pipe 273 can be made of iron or steel and has a certain supporting structure. The end of the second conveying pipe 273 is fixedly connected to the second spraying trough 272, and the second spraying trough 272 is located behind the first spraying trough 262. The second material conveyor 271 is electrically connected to the control system. In use, the second material conveyor 271 is started to sow the material containing grass seeds onto the inorganic substrate, that is, to sow leaf mold, humus, and other materials containing grass seeds, thus completing the laying of the entire vegetation substrate. In this embodiment, the second material conveyor 271 can be a conveyor belt or other transmission equipment, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0071] A method for laying tailings vegetation substrate, applicable to the aforementioned tailings vegetation substrate laying device, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1: First, use the excavation system to clear a space to facilitate the subsequent excavation and laying work.

[0073] S2: The tailings are transported into the mixing frame 211 by the bucket 10, and then the nozzle 216 is opened to spray the adsorbent into the mixing frame 211; at the same time, the first electric push rod 212 is activated to move the mixing frame 211 to mix the tailings and the adsorbent.

[0074] S3: Activate the second electric push rod 217 to move the moving plate 215 away, so that the mixed tailings and adsorbent in the mixing frame 211 fall into the filter box 221; at the same time, inject the solution into the filter box 221, and after standing for a period of time, start the recovery pump 224 to discharge the solution containing heavy metals and adsorbent into the recovery pump 224.

[0075] S4: Open the sealing plate 222 to allow the remaining tailings in the filter box 221 to roll onto the screening plate 231; then start the third electric push rod 236 to move the screening plate 231 back and forth continuously to screen the tailings by volume.

[0076] S5: The tailings that roll down to the ground through the through hole 238 are spread flat on the ground by the action of the roller 241, forming the first layer of tailings; the electric mixer and the first material conveyor are started to mix the tailings that fall into the mixing box 251 through the screen plate 231 with minerals, rock powder, perlite and other materials to form an inorganic substrate.

[0077] S6: Fix one end of the grass grid 281 to the ground. As the base 201 moves, the grass grid 281 is gradually laid on the first layer of tailings. At the same time, start the suction pump 261 to sprinkle the mixed inorganic substrate into the grass grid 281 through the first spraying groove 262 to complete the laying of the inorganic substrate.

[0078] S7: Restart the second material conveyor 271 to spray materials such as leaf mold and humus containing grass seeds onto the inorganic substrate through the second spraying tank 272;

[0079] S8: As the excavation system advances, repeat steps S2-S7 continuously until the entire tailings dam is laid.

[0080] In summary, this invention, through its tailings vegetated substrate laying device and method, achieves the effect of laying vegetated substrate while excavating. Furthermore, by using tailings as one of the raw materials for making the vegetated substrate, it not only improves the utilization rate of tailings and saves soil, but also eliminates the need to pre-prepare and transport the vegetated substrate, saving time and labor. Therefore, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tailings vegetation substrate laying device, characterized in that, include: An excavation system, comprising a robotic arm, a bucket, and an electric mobile platform, wherein the robotic arm is rotatably mounted on the electric mobile platform, and the bucket is fixedly connected to the movable end of the robotic arm, for excavating tailings and transporting tailings; A mobile base is movably connected to one end of the electric mobile platform for moving with the electric mobile platform. A purification system, comprising a first mixing mechanism and a filtering mechanism, both mounted on the movable base, is used to remove heavy metals from tailings. A screening system, comprising a screening mechanism and a first laying mechanism, wherein the screening mechanism is fixedly installed on the movable base and located on one side of the filtering mechanism, and the first laying mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the movable base and located on one side of the screening mechanism; the screening system is used to sort tailings of different volumes and lay the sorted tailings on the ground. A mixing system, comprising a second mixing mechanism and a second laying mechanism, wherein the second mixing mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the screening system and the second laying mechanism is fixedly connected to one side of the second mixing mechanism, the mixing system being used to mix the vegetation substrate and perform laying work; A spreading mechanism used to spread leaf mold and humus materials containing grass seeds; The control system is electrically connected to the digging system, the impurity removal system, the screening system, the mixing system, and the spreading mechanism. The first mixing mechanism includes a mixing frame without a bottom, a movable plate, and a first electric push rod. The movable plate abuts against the bottom of the mixing frame, and one end of the movable plate is fixedly connected to a mobile power source. Mounting plates are symmetrically mounted on the movable base. A telescopic rod is fixedly connected to one of the mounting plates, and the first electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the other mounting plate. One side of the mixing frame is fixedly connected to the telescopic rod, and the other side is fixedly connected to the first electric push rod. A reagent box is fixedly mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates, and a nozzle is fixedly connected to one side of the reagent box. The nozzle is detachably mounted on the mixing frame. Both the first electric push rod and the nozzle are electrically connected to the control system. The mobile power source includes a second electric push rod and a connecting rod. The second electric push rod is fixedly mounted on one side of one of the mounting plates. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the movable plate, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the second electric push rod. The second electric push rod is electrically connected to the control system. The screening mechanism includes a screening plate, a sliding plate, and a first mounting frame. The first mounting frames are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the movable base. A sliding plate is slidably mounted on each of the first mounting frames. A third electric push rod is fixedly connected to one end of each sliding plate. Each third electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the movable base and electrically connected to the control system. Both sides of the screening plate are fixedly connected to the sliding plate. A through hole is provided on the movable base, and the through hole is located at the end of the screening plate. The second mixing mechanism includes a mixing tank and an electric stirrer. The electric stirrer is installed inside the mixing tank, which is fixedly installed on the movable base and located at the bottom of the screening plate. A first material conveyor is fixedly connected inside the mixing tank. Both the electric stirrer and the first material conveyor are electrically connected to the control system. One side of the mixing tank is fixedly connected to the second laying mechanism.

2. The tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtration mechanism includes a filter box, a sealing plate, and a recovery pump. A water pump is fixedly connected inside the filter box. The filter box is located at the bottom of the movable plate and is fixedly connected to the recovery pump. A sealing plate is hinged to the side of the filter box away from the robotic arm. The filter box and the recovery pump are both fixedly installed on the movable base. The water pump and the recovery pump are both electrically connected to the control system.

3. The tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first laying mechanism includes a roller and a fixing frame. The fixing frame is fixedly installed on the bottom of the movable base and located at the end of the through hole away from the screening plate. The roller is rotatably installed on the fixing frame.

4. The tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second laying mechanism includes a suction pump and a first spraying tank. The inlet of the suction pump is fixedly connected to the mixing tank, and the outlet of the suction pump is fixedly connected to a first conveying pipe. The end of the first conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the first spraying tank, and the suction pump is electrically connected to the control system.

5. The tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable base is symmetrically fixedly mounted with ear plates at one end away from the robotic arm, and a rotating rod is fixedly connected between the two ear plates. A grass planting mesh is rotatably wound around the rotating rod.

6. The tailings vegetation substrate laying device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spreading mechanism includes a second spraying trough and a second material conveyor. The second material conveyor is fixedly installed on the movable base. A second conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second material conveyor. The ends of the two conveying pipes are fixedly connected to the second spraying trough, and the second spraying trough is located behind the first spraying trough. The second material conveyor is electrically connected to the control system.

7. A method for laying a tailings vegetated substrate, the method being applicable to the tailings vegetated substrate laying device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: First, use the excavation system to clear a space to facilitate the subsequent excavation and laying work. S2: The tailings are transported into the mixing frame using the bucket, and then the nozzle is opened to spray the adsorbent into the mixing frame; at the same time, the first electric push rod is activated to move the mixing frame to mix the tailings and adsorbent together. S3: Activate the second electric push rod to move the moving plate away, allowing the mixed tailings and adsorbent in the mixing frame to fall into the filter box; at the same time, inject the solution into the filter box, let it stand for a period of time, and then start the recovery pump to discharge the solution containing heavy metals and the adsorbent into the recovery pump. S4: Open the sealing plate to allow the remaining tailings in the filter box to roll onto the screening plate; then start the third electric push rod to move the screening plate back and forth continuously to screen the tailings by volume. S5: The tailings that roll down to the ground through the through hole are spread flat on the ground by the action of the roller, forming the first layer of tailings; the electric mixer and the first material conveyor are started to mix the tailings that fall into the mixing box through the screening plate with minerals, rock powder and perlite materials to form an inorganic substrate. S6: Fix one end of the grass planting grid to the ground. As the moving base moves, the grass planting grid is gradually laid on the first layer of tailings. At the same time, start the suction pump to spray the mixed inorganic substrate into the grass planting grid through the first spraying trough to complete the laying of the inorganic substrate. S7: Restart the second material conveyor to spray the leaf mold and humus material containing grass seeds onto the inorganic substrate through the second spraying tank; S8: As the excavation system advances, repeat steps S2-S7 continuously until the entire tailings dam is laid.

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