Water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water tank tests, in particular to a water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism which realizes accurate paving of a water tank test bed surface in a mechanical automation mode. The supporting frame provides a stable foundation for the whole system, and the scraping mechanism is driven by a motor to achieve transverse and longitudinal motion control. The sand storage bin and the valve mechanism are matched to achieve quantitative sand supply, and the scraper is driven by the motor to complete leveling operation. Compared with manual paving, the system has the advantages that the slope precision of the bed surface can be obviously improved, the manpower consumption is reduced, and the problem of non-uniform bed sand caused by operation difference is avoided; the scraper can be accurately positioned in a two-dimensional plane through the cooperative use of the transverse toothed rail and the longitudinal toothed rail; the design of the adjustable connecting frame allows the scraper to be replaced according to different experiment requirements; a centralized control circuit ensures coordinated operation of all execution elements; the system is particularly suitable for experiment scenes where bed surfaces with different gradients need to be repeatedly laid, and standardized operation can be achieved through a preset program.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water tank testing technology, and in particular to a water tank testing bed surface scraping mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] A flume is a specialized facility used to reveal the characteristics of water and sediment movement and the laws governing riverbed evolution. It is widely used in water and sediment science research and teaching river engineering model experiments. In moving-bed flume experiments, the accuracy of the flume surface preparation directly affects the reliability of the test results. Currently, the common practice for flume surface preparation is to first manually pour the test sand sample into the flume, and then, based on their experience, the experimenter uses a scraper and conventional height-measuring instruments (such as a theodolite) to approximately scrape the surface into a predetermined shape. This practice has significant drawbacks:

[0003] (1) When the test water tank occupies a large area and the pre-set test bed sand thickness is relatively thick, the actual amount of sand used is relatively large. At this time, if we rely entirely on manual labor to fill the test water tank with mud and sand, the manpower consumption is too high and the bed laying time is too long.

[0004] (2) When the pre-set test bed surface has transverse and longitudinal slopes, it is difficult to accurately control the slope by manual laying. In order to achieve a high degree of accuracy in the transverse and longitudinal slopes of the laid bed surface, the test personnel need to calibrate and adjust it repeatedly, which is very time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0005] (3) The preparation of the test bed usually requires the cooperation of multiple people. Different people have different scraping strength, which can easily lead to uneven sand gradation and particle size stratification. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism includes two transverse gear rails, two wheel axles, two limiting platforms, a sand scraping platform, a sand storage bin, a valve mechanism, a sand suction pump, a scraper, a connecting frame, a longitudinal gear rail, a first motor, a second motor, two driving gears, and four driven gears.

[0009] Two transverse toothed rails are arranged side by side in parallel along the laying direction of the water tank test bed surface;

[0010] Two axles are arranged side by side perpendicular to the transverse toothed rail; a driven gear is fixedly installed at the end of each axle, and the driven gear meshes with the corresponding transverse toothed rail.

[0011] Each limiting platform has two sliding holes, and the limiting platform is connected to two wheel axles through the two sliding holes. The two limiting platforms are spaced apart along the length of the wheel axles.

[0012] Two limiting platforms are fixedly connected to both ends of the longitudinal toothed rail;

[0013] The sand scraping platform is slidably mounted on two axles. The sand storage bin, the first motor, the sand suction pump, and the connecting frame are all mounted on the sand scraping platform. A valve mechanism is installed at the lower end of the sand storage bin, and the discharge end of the sand suction pump is connected to the sand storage bin. The connecting frame is U-shaped, with its two ends connected to the two sides of the sand scraping platform, and its middle part located below the sand scraping platform. The scraper is detachably connected to the middle part of the connecting frame.

[0014] A drive gear is mounted on the drive shaft of the first motor, and the drive gear meshes with the longitudinal toothed rail.

[0015] The second motor has another driving gear mounted on its drive shaft. This driving gear meshes with a driven gear or a transverse toothed rail.

[0016] Optionally, the sand storage bin includes an upper bin body and two sand outlet channels. The two sand outlet channels are fixedly connected at an angle to the bottom of the upper bin body. The sand outlet channels are connected to the upper bin body and are arranged in a triangular pattern. Several triangular protrusions are formed in the middle of the sand outlet channels, which divide the sand outlet channels into several sand outlets. The scraper is located between the two sand outlet channels.

[0017] Optionally, the valve mechanism includes a third motor, a control gear, and a movable valve. The third motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sand storage bin, the control gear is installed on the shaft of the third motor, and the movable valve is plate-shaped and inserted at the connection between the upper bin and the two sand outlet channels. A discharge port is formed at the connection point of the movable valve, and a rack is formed on the part of the movable valve outside the upper bin. The control gear meshes with the rack, and an insulating pressure rod is provided at the end of the rack.

[0018] Optionally, the connecting frame includes two support rods, two movable sleeves, two lifting rods, and two locking screws; the two support rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the sand scraping platform, and each support rod is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve; the two lifting rods are slidably inserted into the two movable sleeves, and the two locking screws are screwed onto the corresponding movable sleeves, with the ends of the locking screws operable to abut against the lifting rods; the bottom ends of the two lifting rods are detachably connected to the two ends of the scraper.

[0019] Optionally, the scraping mechanism also includes multiple limiting protrusions formed on the wheel axle, with limiting protrusions provided on both sides of each limiting platform.

[0020] Optionally, the support frame includes four vertical support rods, several horizontal connecting rods, and a positioning mechanism. Each pair of adjacent vertical support rods is fixedly connected by a horizontal connecting rod, and a positioning hole is formed at the upper end of each vertical support rod. The positioning mechanism includes a knob, a support screw, and a positioning block. The support screw is inserted into the positioning hole, the knob is screwed onto the support screw, and the positioning block is hinged to the upper end face of the support screw. An installation groove is formed at the upper end of the positioning block, and the end of the transverse toothed rail is inserted into the corresponding installation groove.

[0021] Optionally, each vertical support rod has an upper ring groove on its upper end face and a lower ring groove on its lower end face. The positioning mechanism also includes several rollers, which are sandwiched between the upper and lower ring grooves.

[0022] Optionally, the scraping mechanism also includes a pressure rod and a pressure roller. The pressure rod is bent and one end is fixedly connected to the limiting platform. The pressure roller is rotatably mounted on the pressure rod and its surface abuts against the lower surface of the transverse toothed rail.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The water tank test bed scraping mechanism of this application achieves lateral and longitudinal motion control through motor drive; the sand storage bin and valve mechanism work together to achieve quantitative sand supply, and the scraper completes the leveling operation under motor drive; the use of lateral and longitudinal toothed rails allows the scraper to be accurately positioned in a two-dimensional plane; the adjustable connecting frame design allows the scraper to be replaced according to different experimental needs; compared with manual laying, this mechanism can significantly improve the slope accuracy of the bed, reduce manpower consumption, and avoid the problem of uneven bed sand caused by differences in operation. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the water tank test bed surface laying system of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the water tank test bed surface laying system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sand storage bin of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the control circuit of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A circuit diagram showing the series connection of the power supply, the sand-scraping switch, the first protective resistor, the first electromagnet, the second electromagnet, and the first normally open spring switch.

[0032] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Circuit diagram showing the series connection of the power supply, the sand scraper switch, the second normally open spring switch, the second protective resistor, the third electromagnet, and the fourth electromagnet.

[0033] Figure 8 for Figure 5 A circuit diagram showing the series connection of the power supply, the sand scraper switch, the first contact of the first double-control switch, the first connector of the first motor, the second connector of the first motor, and the first contact of the second double-control switch.

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 5 A circuit diagram showing the series connection of the power supply, the sand scraper switch, the second contact of the first double-control switch, the second connector of the first motor, the first connector of the first motor, and the second contact of the second double-control switch.

[0035] Figure 10 for Figure 5 A circuit diagram showing the series connection of the power supply, the first contact of the third double-control switch, the fifth electromagnet, the first connector of the second motor, the second connector of the second motor, the second normally closed spring switch, and the fourth protective resistor.

[0036] Figure 11 for Figure 5 A circuit diagram showing the series connection of the power supply, the second contact of the third double-control switch, the sixth electromagnet, the second connector of the second motor, the first connector of the second motor, the first normally closed spring switch, and the third protective resistor.

[0037] Figure 12 for Figure 5 Circuit diagram of the third motor connected in parallel with the first motor.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Scraping mechanism; 3. Control circuit; 4. Transverse geared track; 5. Axle; 6. Limiting platform; 7. Scraping platform; 8. Sand storage bin; 9. Sand suction pump; 10. Scraper; 11. Connecting frame; 12. Longitudinal geared track; 13. First motor; 14. Second motor; 15. Driving gear; 16. Driven gear; 17. Upper bin body; 18. Sand discharge channel; 19. Third motor; 20. Control gear; 21. Moving valve; 22. Support rod; 23. Movable sleeve; 24. Lifting rod; 25. Limiting protrusion; 26. Vertical support rod; 27. Horizontal connecting rod; 28. Knob; 29. ​​Support screw; 30. Positioning block; 31. Pressure rod; 32. 33. Pressure roller; 34. Power supply; 35. Scraper switch; 36. First double-pole switch; 37. Second double-pole switch; 38. Third double-pole switch; 39. First electromagnet; 40. Second electromagnet; 41. Third electromagnet; 42. Fourth electromagnet; 43. Fifth electromagnet; 44. Sixth electromagnet; 45. First normally open spring switch; 46. First normally closed spring switch; 47. First protective resistor; 48. Second protective resistor; 49. Third protective resistor; 50. Fourth protective resistor; 51. Third normally closed spring switch; 52. Fourth normally closed spring switch; 53. First diode; 54. Second diode; 55. Second normally open spring switch. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] The technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this application proposes a water tank experimental bed surface laying system, including a support frame 1, a scraping mechanism 2, and a control circuit 3. The support frame 1 is fixedly installed. The scraping mechanism 2 is installed on the support frame 1 and includes two transverse toothed rails 4, two axles 5, two limiting platforms 6, a sand scraping platform 7, a sand storage bin 8, a valve mechanism, a sand suction pump 9, a scraper 10, a connecting frame 11, a longitudinal toothed rail 12, a first motor 13, a second motor 14, two driving gears 15, and four driven gears 16. The two transverse toothed rails 4 are arranged parallel to each other along the water tank experimental bed surface laying direction. The two axles 5 are arranged parallel to each other perpendicular to the transverse toothed rails 4; driven gears 16 are fixedly installed at the ends of the two axles 5, and the driven gears 16 mesh with the corresponding transverse toothed rails 4. Each limiting platform 6 has two sliding holes, and the limiting platform 6 connects to the two axles 5 through the two sliding holes. The two limiting platforms 6 are spaced apart along the length direction of the axles 5. Two limiting platforms 6 are fixedly connected to both ends of the longitudinal toothed rail 12. A sand-scraping platform 7 is slidably mounted on two axles 5. A sand storage bin 8, a first motor 13, a sand suction pump 9, and a connecting frame 11 are all mounted on the sand-scraping platform 7. A valve mechanism is installed at the lower end of the sand storage bin 8, and the discharge end of the sand suction pump 9 is connected to the sand storage bin 8. The connecting frame 11 is U-shaped, with both ends connected to the sides of the sand-scraping platform 7, and the middle part of the connecting frame 11 located below the sand-scraping platform 7. A scraper 10 is detachably connected to the middle part of the connecting frame 11. A drive gear 15 is mounted on the drive shaft of the first motor 13, and this drive gear 15 meshes with the longitudinal toothed rail 12. Another drive gear 15 is mounted on the drive shaft of the second motor 14, and this other drive gear 15 meshes with a driven gear 16 or a transverse toothed rail 4. The control circuit 3 is electrically connected to the sand suction pump 9, the first motor 13, and the second motor 14.

[0043] The transverse rack 4 can be a standard rack or a custom-designed rack, and its material can be aluminum alloy or stainless steel to improve wear resistance. The axle 5 can be a hollow steel tube structure to reduce weight, and both ends of the axle 5 are fixedly connected to the driven gear 16.

[0044] Linear bearings can be installed in the sliding holes of the limiting platform 6 to ensure smooth sliding. The sand scraping platform 7 can be constructed from an aluminum alloy frame welded with steel plates, and the surface is treated with rust prevention. The sand suction pump 9 can be a centrifugal or screw pump, and its power is determined according to the conveying distance and sand volume requirements. The scraper 10 can be made of high carbon steel, with a hardened cutting edge, and is fixed to the connecting frame 11 by bolts. The U-shaped structure of the connecting frame 11 can be formed by welding square tubing. The motor can be a stepper motor or a servo motor, used in conjunction with a reducer to improve torque. The control circuit 3 can be a PLC or microcontroller system, integrating overload protection and position feedback functions.

[0045] This technical solution achieves precise laying of the experimental bed surface in a water tank through mechanical automation. The support frame 1 provides a stable foundation for the entire system, while the scraping mechanism 2 is driven by a motor to control its lateral and longitudinal movements. The sand storage bin 8 and valve mechanism work together to provide quantitative sand supply, and the scraper 10, driven by a motor, completes the leveling operation. Compared to manual laying, this system significantly improves the slope accuracy of the bed surface, reduces manpower consumption, and avoids uneven sand distribution due to operational differences. Specifically, the combined use of the transverse toothed rail 4 and the longitudinal toothed rail 12 allows the scraper 10 to be precisely positioned in a two-dimensional plane; the adjustable connecting frame 11 allows for the replacement of the scraper 10 according to different experimental needs; and the centralized control circuit system ensures coordinated operation of all actuators. This system is particularly suitable for experimental scenarios requiring repeated laying of bed surfaces with different slopes, and standardized operations can be achieved through preset programs.

[0046] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the sand storage bin 8 can adopt a split structure. The sand storage bin 8 includes an upper bin body 17 and two sand outlet channels 18. The two sand outlet channels 18 are fixedly connected at an angle to the bottom of the upper bin body 17 and are connected to the upper bin body 17. The sand outlet channels 18 are arranged in a triangular shape. Several triangular protrusions are formed in the middle of the sand outlet channels 18, which divide the sand outlet channels 18 into several sand outlets. The scraper 10 is located between the two sand outlet channels 18.

[0047] Specifically, the upper chamber 17 is used to store sand for testing, and two sand outlet channels 18 extend downwards at a certain angle, forming a forked structure. Triangular protrusions are arranged at intervals along the width of the sand outlet channels 18, dividing the channels into multiple independent sand outlets. As a preferred embodiment, the triangular protrusions can be made of rubber or metal, and their height is 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the channel height. The inclination angle of the sand outlet channels 18 is preferably 30-45 degrees to ensure that the sand particles slide smoothly. The scraper 10 is installed at an equidistant distance from the center lines of the two sand outlet channels 18.

[0048] Thus, by using the sand diversion channel 18 and the triangular diversion structure, uniform sand distribution is achieved. When the valve mechanism is opened, the sand particles flow from the upper chamber 17 through the two sand diversion channels 18 and are further dispersed by the triangular protrusions, forming multiple parallel sand streams. The scraper 10 moves synchronously between the two sand diversion channels 18, smoothing out the falling sand particles. This design effectively solves the problem of uneven sand distribution in traditional manual sand spreading, ensuring a consistent amount of sand falling per unit area through mechanical diversion. Compared to a single sand outlet design, the dual-channel structure combined with the diversion protrusions increases the sand coverage width by approximately 40% while preventing sand accumulation.

[0049] Furthermore, this application also proposes a valve mechanism including a third motor 19, a control gear 20, and a movable valve 21. The third motor 19 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sand storage bin 8. The control gear 20 is installed on the rotating shaft of the third motor 19. The movable valve 21 is plate-shaped and inserted at the connection between the upper bin body 17 and the two sand outlet channels 18. A discharge port is formed at the connection of the movable valve 21. A rack is formed on the part of the movable valve 21 located outside the upper bin body 17. The control gear 20 meshes with the rack. An insulating pressure rod 31 is provided at the end of the rack.

[0050] Specifically, the movable valve 21 adopts a plate-like structure, the thickness of which matches the connection gap between the upper chamber 17 and the sand discharge channel 18, ensuring smooth sliding and good sealing. The shape and size of the discharge port can be designed as a rectangular, circular, or irregular opening according to the actual sand discharge requirements. The module of the control gear 20 and the rack must match, and the rack stroke length should cover the movement range of the discharge port. The insulating pressure rod 31 is made of engineering plastic. The third motor 19 is preferably a stepper motor or a servo motor. As a preferred embodiment, the movable valve 21 can be made of stainless steel with a polished surface to reduce frictional resistance.

[0051] Therefore, this technical solution achieves linear movement of the valve through a motor-driven rack and pinion mechanism, precisely controlling the opening and closing state and degree of the discharge port. Compared to manual valves, this design solves the problem of difficulty in accurately controlling the sand output by manual operation, and is especially suitable for experimental scenarios requiring frequent adjustments to the sand output. Furthermore, the valve movement allows switching between the two sand discharge channels 18, facilitating timely scraping and leveling of the sand flowing from the corresponding channel by the scraper 10. The valve mechanism has a compact overall structure, making it easy to integrate into the sand storage bin 8, and is convenient to operate and highly reliable.

[0052] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the connecting frame 11 includes two support rods 22, two movable sleeves 23, two lifting rods 24, and two locking screws. The two support rods 22 are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the scraping platform 7, and each support rod 22 is fixedly connected to a movable sleeve 23. The two lifting rods 24 are slidably inserted into the two movable sleeves 23, and the two locking screws are respectively screwed onto the corresponding movable sleeves 23, with the ends of the locking screws operably abutting against the lifting rods 24. The bottom ends of the two lifting rods 24 are detachably connected to both ends of the scraper 10.

[0053] Specifically, the movable sleeve 23 can be made of metal or high-strength plastic, with anti-slip texture on the inner wall to enhance friction with the lifting rod 24. The locking screw can be a wing screw or an internal hex screw for easy manual operation. The surface of the lifting rod 24 can be marked with graduations for precise adjustment of the scraper 10 height. Quick-release interfaces, such as snap-fit ​​or threaded connections, can be provided at both ends of the scraper 10 for easy replacement of different sizes of scrapers 10. As a preferred embodiment, a rubber sealing ring can be installed inside the movable sleeve 23 to prevent mud and sand from entering the sleeve and to increase the damping effect when the lifting rod 24 moves.

[0054] Therefore, this technical solution, through the adjustable-height connecting frame 11 structure, solves the problem in existing technologies where the fixed height of the scraper 10 makes it unsuitable for laying beds of varying thicknesses. Specifically, the sliding engagement between the lifting rod 24 and the movable sleeve 23 enables stepless adjustment of the scraper 10 height, while the locking screw ensures height stability during operation. Compared to existing technologies, this solution not only improves the accuracy of bed laying but also simplifies the operation process, avoiding the tedious process of repeated disassembly and adjustment. Furthermore, the detachable scraper 10 connection method facilitates quick replacement of the scraper 10 according to different experimental requirements; different shaped scrapers 10 can form different shaped water tanks, improving the system's applicability and work efficiency.

[0055] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the scraping mechanism 2 further includes multiple limiting protrusions 25, which are formed on the wheel axle 5, and each limiting platform 6 has limiting protrusions 25 on both sides.

[0056] The limiting protrusion 25 is an annular boss structure extending circumferentially along the axle 5, with its outer diameter slightly larger than the main body diameter of the axle 5. The limiting protrusion 25 can be integrally formed with the axle 5, or it can be a separate assembly structure, fixed to the axle 5 by interference fit or threaded connection. The axial width of the limiting protrusion 25 is preferably 5-10 mm, and the height difference is 2-5 mm. In practical applications, the number of limiting protrusions 25 can be set to 2-4 pairs according to the required movement range of the limiting platform 6, symmetrically distributed at both ends of the axle 5. As a preferred embodiment, a rubber anti-slip layer can be provided on the surface of the limiting protrusion 25 to enhance the frictional stability with the limiting platform 6.

[0057] This technical solution effectively solves the problem of axial displacement of the limiting platform 6 during the lateral movement of the scraping mechanism 2 by setting a limiting protrusion 25 on the wheel axle 5. Specifically, when the scraping platform 7 drives the limiting platform 6 to move along the transverse toothed track 4, the physical contact between the limiting protrusion 25 and both sides of the limiting platform 6 forms a double positioning barrier: on the one hand, it prevents platform deflection caused by asynchronous motor drive; on the other hand, it avoids axial movement caused by vibration. Compared with existing technologies, this structure does not require additional electronic components such as positioning sensors, and stable guidance can be achieved solely through mechanical limiting, which reduces system complexity and improves positioning accuracy during the scraping process. Experiments show that the longitudinal scraping trajectory deviation of the bed laying system using this structure can be controlled within ±2mm.

[0058] Furthermore, this application proposes that the support frame 1 includes four vertical support rods 26, several horizontal connecting rods 27, and a positioning mechanism. Each pair of adjacent vertical support rods 26 is fixedly connected by a horizontal connecting rod 27, and a positioning hole is formed at the upper end of each vertical support rod 26. The positioning mechanism includes a knob 28, a support screw 29, and a positioning block 30. The support screw 29 is inserted into the positioning hole, the knob 28 is screwed onto the support screw 29, and the positioning block 30 is hinged to the upper end face of the support screw 29. A mounting groove is formed at the upper end of the positioning block 30, and the end of the transverse toothed rail 4 is inserted into the corresponding mounting groove.

[0059] Specifically, the vertical support rod 26 is made of metal and has sufficient strength and rigidity to support the weight of the entire scraping mechanism 2. The horizontal connecting rod 27 is fixed between adjacent vertical support rods 26 by welding or plugging, forming a stable frame structure. The positioning hole is a through hole or threaded hole, with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the support screw 29 for easy adjustment. The knob 28 is made of metal and has anti-slip texture on its surface for easy manual rotation. The support screw 29 is a metal screw, and its length can be adjusted according to actual needs. The positioning block 30 is made of metal or high-strength plastic, and the shape of the mounting groove matches the end of the transverse toothed rail 4 to ensure a secure connection. As a preferred embodiment, the positioning block 30 and the support screw 29 are hinged, allowing the positioning block 30 to rotate freely within a certain angle range to adapt to different installation angle requirements.

[0060] Therefore, this technical solution achieves precise adjustment of the height and angle of the transverse gear 4 by setting an adjustable positioning mechanism. Specifically, rotating the knob 28 moves the support screw 29 up and down, thereby changing the height position of the positioning block 30. The hinged design of the positioning block 30 allows it to automatically adapt to the installation angle of the transverse gear 4, ensuring that the gear 4 always remains horizontal. The structural design of the mounting groove effectively prevents displacement or loosening of the transverse gear 4 during use. Compared with existing technologies, this solution solves the problem that the traditional fixed support frame 1 cannot adjust its height and angle, improving the adaptability and accuracy of the bed laying system.

[0061] Furthermore, this application also proposes that each vertical support rod 26 has an upper annular groove formed on its upper end face and a lower annular groove formed on its lower end face. The positioning mechanism also includes a plurality of rollers, which are sandwiched between the upper annular groove and the lower annular groove.

[0062] Specifically, the upper and lower annular grooves are annular recessed structures, and the rollers are made of metal with a diameter slightly smaller than the groove depth to ensure smooth rolling. As a preferred embodiment, bearing-type rollers can be used to reduce frictional resistance. The number of rollers is typically set to 4-8, evenly distributed along the circumference. In another embodiment, the rollers can be made of self-lubricating materials to reduce maintenance requirements. The clearance between the rollers and the annular grooves is controlled within the range of 0.1-0.3 mm to ensure positioning accuracy while preventing jamming.

[0063] Therefore, this technical solution achieves relative rotation between the knob 28 and the support rod through a roller structure, effectively solving the problems of high frictional resistance and laborious operation inherent in traditional threaded adjustment methods. When adjusting the height of the transverse toothed rail 4, rotating the knob 28 drives the support screw 29 to rise or fall. At this time, the roller rolls between the upper and lower annular grooves, converting sliding friction into rolling friction, making height adjustment more labor-saving and precise. Compared with direct threaded friction, this structure can reduce the operating torque by approximately 60% while avoiding the problem of decreased positioning accuracy caused by thread wear. This design is particularly suitable for experimental scenarios requiring frequent adjustments, significantly improving operational convenience while ensuring support stability.

[0064] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the scraping mechanism 2 further includes a pressure rod 31 and a pressure wheel 32. The pressure rod 31 is bent, and one end of the pressure rod 31 is fixedly connected to the limiting platform 6. The pressure wheel 32 is rotatably mounted on the pressure rod 31, and the wheel surface of the pressure wheel 32 abuts against the lower surface of the transverse toothed rail 4.

[0065] The pressure rod 31 is made of metal with a bending angle of 90°-135°. The bent part is connected to the limiting platform 6 by welding or bolting. The pressure roller 32 is made of wear-resistant rubber or polyurethane and is mounted on the free end of the pressure rod 31 via rolling bearings. The contact pressure between the pressure roller 32 and the transverse gear 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the mounting angle of the pressure rod 31 or by adding counterweights. As a preferred embodiment, the pressure rod 31 is equipped with adjusting bolts for fine-tuning the contact pressure between the pressure roller 32 and the gear 4.

[0066] This technical solution effectively solves the vibration and displacement problems that may occur in the transverse gear 4 during operation by setting a pressure rod 31 and a pressure roller 32 on the limiting platform 6. The pressure roller 32 continuously applies an upward supporting force to the transverse gear 4, maintaining a stable meshing state between the gear and the driven gear 16, preventing gear skipping caused by vibration, and also preventing local deformation of the transverse gear 4.

[0067] Furthermore, such as Figures 5 to 12 As shown, this application also proposes a control circuit 3 including a power supply 33, a sand-scraping switch 34, a first double-control switch 35, a second double-control switch 36, a third double-control switch 37, a first electromagnet 38, a second electromagnet 39, a third electromagnet 40, a fourth electromagnet 41, a fifth electromagnet 42, a sixth electromagnet 43, a first normally open spring switch 44, a second normally open spring switch 55, a first normally closed spring switch 45, a second normally closed spring switch 46, a first protective resistor 47, a second protective resistor 48, a third protective resistor 49, and a fourth protective resistor 50.

[0068] Among them, power supply 33 is electrically connected to sand suction pump; power supply 33, sand scraping switch 34, first protective resistor 47, first electromagnet 38, second electromagnet 39, and first normally open spring switch 44 are connected in series; power supply 33, sand scraping switch 34, second normally open spring switch 55, second protective resistor 48, third electromagnet 40, and fourth electromagnet 41 are connected in series; power supply 33, sand scraping switch 34, first contact of first double-control switch 35, first connector of first motor 13, second connector of first motor 13, and first contact of second double-control switch 36 are connected in series; power supply 33, sand scraping switch 34, second contact of first double-control switch 35, second connector of first motor 13, and first contact of first motor 13 are connected in series. The first contact of the first double-control switch 36 is connected in series with the second contact of the second double-control switch 37; the power supply 33, the first contact of the third double-control switch 37, the fifth electromagnet 42, the first connector of the second motor 14, the second connector of the second motor 14, the second normally closed spring switch 46, and the fourth protective resistor 50 are connected in series with the second contact of the power supply 33, the second contact of the third double-control switch 37, the sixth electromagnet 43, the second connector of the second motor 14, the first connector of the second motor 14, the first normally closed spring switch 45, and the third protective resistor 49 are connected in series with the second contact of the first double-control switch 35; the moving contact of the first double-control switch 35 is located between the first electromagnet 38 and the third electromagnet 40; the moving contact of the second double-control switch 36 is located between the second electromagnet 39 and the fourth electromagnet 41.

[0069] Specifically, the control circuit 3 also includes a third normally closed spring switch 51, a fourth normally closed spring switch 52, a first diode 53, and a second diode 54. The third motor 19 is connected in parallel with the first motor 13. The third normally closed spring switch 51 and the first diode 53 are connected in parallel and connected to the first terminal of the third motor 19. The fourth normally closed spring switch 52 and the second diode 54 are connected in parallel and connected to the second terminal of the third motor 19. An insulating pressure rod 31 is disposed between the third normally closed spring switch 51 and the fourth normally closed spring switch 52. As a preferred embodiment, the first diode 53 and the second diode 54 can be rectifier diodes to prevent reverse current flow from damaging the circuit. The third normally closed spring switch 51 and the fourth normally closed spring switch 52 switch their states through the mechanical action of the insulating pressure rod 31.

[0070] Therefore, the control circuit 3 achieves precise control of multiple motors in the scraping mechanism 2 through the coordinated action of multiple sets of electromagnets, double-control switches, and spring switches. The forward and reverse rotation of the first motor 13 and the second motor 14 is achieved through a double-control switch switching circuit, while the start and stop of the third motor 19 is controlled by a spring switch triggered by the insulating pressure rod 31. A protective resistor is used to limit current and prevent circuit overload. This circuit design effectively coordinates the lifting and lowering of the scraper 10, the opening and closing of the sand storage bin 8 valve, and the movement of the scraping mechanism 2, solving the problem of difficult precise control by manual operation. Compared with existing technologies, this solution replaces manual intervention with electrical automation control, improving the accuracy and efficiency of bed laying. Compared with existing technologies, this solution simplifies the control logic, improves the reliability of valve operation, and effectively solves the current interference problem when multiple motors are connected in parallel through the combination of mechanical contacts and electronic devices.

[0071] The following is a detailed description of the workflow of the entire water tank test bed surface laying system. First, install the entire system and confirm the shape of the scraper 10. Then, close the sand scraping switch 34, and the sand suction pump begins to suck sand into the sand storage bin 8. Since the scraping mechanism 2 is in the starting position, the limit platform 6 is in contact with the second normally open spring switch 55. The second normally open spring switch 55 is in the closed state, so the circuit of the power supply 33, the sand scraping switch 34, the second normally open spring switch 55, the second protective resistor 48, the third electromagnet 40, and the fourth electromagnet 41 connected in series is connected. At this time, the third electromagnet 40 and the fourth electromagnet 41 are connected in series. When the iron 41 is energized, it attracts the moving contacts of the first double-control switch 35 and the second double-control switch 36. The moving contacts of the first double-control switch 35 and the second double-control switch 36 are respectively connected to the second contacts of the corresponding first double-control switch 35 and the second double-control switch 36. This makes the circuit of the power supply 33, the sand scraping switch 34, the second contact of the first double-control switch 35, the second connector of the first motor 13, the first connector of the first motor 13, and the second contact of the second double-control switch 36 connected in series. At this time, the first motor 13 rotates forward, and the scraping mechanism 2 begins to move along the direction of the water tank. Meanwhile, the rack is in its initial state, with the insulating pressure rod 31 on the rack abutting against the third normally closed spring switch 51, causing it to disconnect. At this time, the current flows back to the power supply 33 through the first diode 53, the first connector of the third motor 19, the second connector of the third motor 19, and the fourth normally closed spring switch 52. After being energized, the third motor 19 rotates forward, driving the control gear 20 to move the moving valve 21. The discharge port on the moving valve 21 gradually connects with the sand discharge channel 18 in the direction of movement, and the sand in the sand storage bin 8 begins to fall. The scraper smooths the sand during its movement. When the discharge port on the moving valve 21 is fully connected to the sand discharge channel 18, the insulating pressure rod 31 on the rack abuts against the fourth normally closed spring switch 52, causing it to disconnect, and the third motor 19 stops moving.

[0072] When the scraping mechanism 2 moves to the far end of the horizontal direction, the limiting platform 6 abuts against the first normally open spring switch 44, causing the first normally open spring switch 44 to close. At this time, the circuit connected in series with the power supply 33, the scraping switch 34, the first protective resistor 47, the first electromagnet 38, the second electromagnet 39, and the first normally open spring switch 44 is turned on. The first electromagnet 38 and the second electromagnet 39 are energized and attract the moving contacts of the first double-control switch 35 and the second double-control switch 36. The moving contacts of the first double-control switch 35 and the second double-control switch 36 are respectively connected to the first contacts of the first double-control switch 35 and the first contacts of the second double-control switch 36. Thus, the circuit connected in series with the power supply 33, the scraping switch 34, the first contact of the first double-control switch 35, the first connector of the first motor 13, the second connector of the first motor 13, and the first contact of the second double-control switch 36 is turned on. At this time, the first motor 13 reverses, and the scraping mechanism 2 begins to move in the opposite direction along the water tank. At the same time, the movable valve 21 is connected to the sand outlet channel 18 in the direction of movement. The insulating pressure rod 31 on the rack abuts against the fourth normally closed spring switch 52 to disconnect it. At this time, the current flows back to the power supply 33 through the second diode 54, the second connector of the third motor 19, the first connector of the third motor 19 and the third normally closed spring switch 51. After the third motor 19 is energized, it reverses to drive the control gear 20 to move the movable valve 21. The discharge port on the movable valve 21 is gradually connected to the sand outlet channel 18 in the direction of movement. The sand in the sand storage bin 8 begins to fall. The scraper scrapes the sand flat during the movement.

[0073] It is worth noting that if it is necessary to stop in the middle, simply disconnect the scraping switch 34 to stop the entire scraping process. In this embodiment, the moving contact of the first double-control switch 35 is located between the first electromagnet 38 and the third electromagnet 40, and the moving contact of the second double-control switch 36 is located between the second electromagnet 39 and the fourth electromagnet 41. Both moving contacts are arranged vertically. When they are attracted by the electromagnets and come into contact with the contact point, they will become inclined. Under the weight of the moving contact, even if the electromagnets lose their magnetic attraction after the power is cut off, the moving contact will not separate from the contact point. Therefore, if you want to restart the scraping mechanism, you only need to close the scraping switch 34.

[0074] Of course, in this embodiment, the longitudinal position of the scraper 10 can also be adjusted. The specific adjustment process is as follows: the moving contact of the third double-control switch 37 is manually controlled to contact the first contact of the third double-control switch 37. At this time, the circuit of the power supply 33, the first contact of the third double-control switch 37, the fifth electromagnet 42, the first connector of the second motor 14, the second connector of the second motor 14, the second normally closed spring switch 46 and the fourth protection resistor 50 connected in series is turned on. The fifth electromagnet 42 is energized to open the first normally closed spring switch 45. The second motor 14 can move in one direction longitudinally. When it moves to the position, the moving contact of the third double-control switch 37 can be released to stop it. When the position of the scraper 10 needs to be adjusted in the opposite direction, the moving contact of the third double-control switch 37 is manually brought into contact with the second contact of the third double-control switch 37. At this time, the circuit consisting of the power supply 33, the second contact of the third double-control switch 37, the sixth electromagnet 43, the second connector of the second motor 14, the first connector of the second motor 14, the first normally closed spring switch 45, and the third protective resistor 49 connected in series is turned on. The sixth electromagnet 43 is energized, causing the second normally closed spring switch 46 to open. The second motor 14 can move in the opposite direction longitudinally. When it is in position, the moving contact of the third double-control switch 37 is released to stop it.

[0075] In the accompanying drawings of this embodiment, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0076] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A scraping mechanism for a water tank test bed surface, characterized in that: It includes two transverse gear rails, two wheel axles, two limit platforms, a sand scraping platform, a sand storage bin, a valve mechanism, a sand suction pump, a scraper, a connecting frame, a longitudinal gear rail, a first motor, a second motor, two driving gears, and four driven gears; The two transverse toothed rails are arranged side by side in parallel along the laying direction of the water tank test bed surface; The two axles are arranged side by side perpendicular to the transverse toothed rail; the driven gear is fixedly installed at the end of each of the two axles, and the driven gear meshes with the corresponding transverse toothed rail. Each of the limiting platforms has two sliding holes, and the limiting platform is connected to the two wheel axles through the two sliding holes. The two limiting platforms are spaced apart along the length direction of the wheel axles. The two ends of the longitudinal toothed rail are respectively fixedly connected to the two limiting platforms; The sand-scraping platform is slidably mounted on the two axles. The sand storage bin, the first motor, the sand suction pump, and the connecting frame are all mounted on the sand-scraping platform. The valve mechanism is installed at the lower end of the sand storage bin, and the discharge end of the sand suction pump is connected to the sand storage bin. The connecting frame is U-shaped, with its two ends connected to both sides of the sand-scraping platform and its middle part located below the sand-scraping platform. The scraper is detachably connected to the middle part of the connecting frame. A drive gear is mounted on the drive shaft of the first motor, and one of the drive gears meshes with the longitudinal toothed rail; Another driving gear is mounted on the drive shaft of the second motor, and the other driving gear meshes with a driven gear or a transverse toothed track.

2. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sand storage bin includes an upper bin body and two sand outlet channels. The two sand outlet channels are fixedly connected at an angle to the bottom of the upper bin body. The sand outlet channels are connected to the upper bin body and are arranged in a triangular pattern. Several triangular protrusions are formed in the middle of the sand outlet channels, and the several triangular protrusions divide the sand outlet channels into several sand outlets. The scraper is located between the two sand outlet channels.

3. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The valve mechanism includes a third motor, a control gear, and a movable valve. The third motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sand storage bin. The control gear is installed on the shaft of the third motor. The movable valve is plate-shaped and inserted at the connection between the upper bin and the two sand outlet channels. A discharge port is formed on the movable valve at the connection. A rack is formed on the part of the movable valve outside the upper bin. The control gear meshes with the rack. An insulating pressure rod is provided at the end of the rack.

4. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting frame includes two support rods, two movable sleeves, two lifting rods, and two locking screws. The two support rods are fixedly installed on both sides of the sand scraping platform, and each support rod is fixedly connected to one of the movable sleeves. The two lifting rods are slidably inserted into the two movable sleeves, and the two locking screws are screwed onto the corresponding movable sleeves. The ends of the locking screws are operable to abut against the lifting rods. The bottom ends of the two lifting rods are detachably connected to the two ends of the scraper.

5. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping mechanism also includes multiple limiting protrusions formed on the wheel axle, and each limiting platform has the limiting protrusions on both sides.

6. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The support frame includes four vertical support rods, several horizontal connecting rods, and a positioning mechanism. Each pair of adjacent vertical support rods is fixedly connected by the horizontal connecting rods. The upper end of each vertical support rod has a positioning hole. The positioning mechanism includes a knob, a support screw, and a positioning block. The support screw is inserted into the positioning hole, the knob is screwed onto the support screw, and the positioning block is hinged to the upper end face of the support screw. The upper end of the positioning block has a mounting groove, and the end of the transverse toothed rail is inserted into the corresponding mounting groove.

7. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the vertical support rods has an upper ring groove on its upper end face and a lower ring groove on its lower end face. The positioning mechanism also includes a plurality of rollers, which are sandwiched between the upper ring groove and the lower ring groove.

8. The water tank test bed surface scraping mechanism as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The scraping mechanism further includes a pressure rod and a pressure roller. The pressure rod is bent, and one end of the pressure rod is fixedly connected to the limiting platform. The pressure roller is rotatably mounted on the pressure rod, and the wheel surface of the pressure roller abuts against the lower surface of the transverse toothed rail.

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